The Courier-Journal from Louisville, Kentucky • Page 8

8 MEW AND THIWOS-HD. XXIX. Mr. Polk's Administration needs so com tneudstion from! ma. Iu acta speak for themselves.

Tbey constitute a brilliant chap ter in American History. The acquisition of California alon baa added unlimited wealth and MTanUeet -to this country. All tbat Mr. Polk anticipated haa been more than realized. Retiring- to prirate life, aiurfonr yeara of intense labor, be lired but three month aod- eleven days.

He aled at his home ln Jane 15, 184 tn the ftf ty-fourth' ear of bis age. Geo. Taylor's Cabinet were: John M. Clay ton, of Delaware; William IL Meredith, of Fennaylvahla; George W. Crawford, of Geor- tfa; William B.

Preston, of Virginia; Thomas Ewlog, of Ohio; Jacob Collamer, of Ver- aront, and Reverdy Johnson, of Maryland. John M. Clayton, Secretary of State, waa a gentleman of marked ability. He kept his 8tate in the. Whig traces from the birth to the death of that party.

He graduated at Princeton College, studied law, commenced practice in 1818, and soon attained eminence in hie profession. In 1S29 he was elected to the United States Senate. At the expiration of his term. In 1835, he wss re-elected, bat resigned In December. It-Jo.

to ac cept the Chief Justiceship of Delaware. In 1S45 he was again elected to the federal Senate, and continued In that office nntfl be was called to the State Depart ment by President Taylor. This position he occupied up to the death of Taylor. In IS53 he wss. for the third time, elected to the Sen ate.

He died November 9, 1856, aged sixty years. William M. Meredith, Secretary of the treasury, waa an eminent lawyer of Philsdel- hie. Though be oarer serred in either ran oh of Congress, he was a gentleman of jreat influence in bia State. He waa Attorney General of Pennsylvania from the beginning )o the close ot oar sectional war.

He was President of the State Constitutional Couven tioo in 1872, and died a few yeara thereafter at an adranced age. George W. Crawford, Secretary of War, was a native of Georgia. Ha was born in 1798, and continued a citizen of that State throughout his life. He received a liberal education, graduating at Princeton College in ,820.

Adopting the profession of law, be ommenced Its practice at Augusta in 1822. He waa Attorney General of the State from 1827 to 1831. He was a member of the State loose of Representatives from 1637 to 1843. Ie was elected to the Twenty-seventh Con ress to fill a vacancy, serving from February 1843, to March 4, 1843. Dunne that year he was sleeted Governor, and re-elected in 1845.

His public life ended with Taylor's Aamlnietratlon. I do not know in what year he died. William B. Preston, Secretary of the Nary, was born in Virginia, and was a Representa-Utb in Congress from that State from 1S47 to 1849. In 18tl be was a member of the Con federate Congress, and died in 1662.

it is eaid that he was an eloquent speaker. Thomvs Ewing, Secretary of the Interior, was an able man. 1 nave heretofore given a brief sketch of his political lire. Jacob Collamer was born in New York, bat removed with his father to Burlington. Vu He graduated at tbe University of Vermont in 1810: served as a subaltern in tbe wet of 1812; studied law and practiced at Woodstock, rt, from 1813 to 1S33, serving lor several rears in the State House of Representatives; was a Judge of the Superior Co art of Vermont from 1SS3 to lfe-2; was a Kepieeentative in Congress from JS13 to 1849; was again Judge of tbe Superior Court of Vermont from Xo- ve tuber, leoO, to October, 1354.

In he was elected a Senator in congress and re elected in 1661. 1 made his acquaintance during hid first term, and esteemed him as an intelligent, rtpnghi roan. He died In 1865, aged seventy three yeara. Reverdy Johnson, Attorney General, was profound lawyer and a most lovable man. It was my good fortune to know him well during tbe iaot twenty -five years of his life.

1. was a treat to hear blm describe Chief Justice Marshall, William Pinckney, William Wirt, Roger B. Taney, and other shining lights of the bar. He was sn admirable conversationalist and the charm of every circle. He was alo a good listener, and neitner by look or expression asserted his own superiority.

He wss bom at Annapolis, in 16. received his education at 6t. John's College in that town, studied law with his lather, and shortly thereafter removed to Baltimore, where he practiced his profession without lntermlsion up to the day of his death. He never permitted politics or political oQee to come between him and his clients. In 1821 he was elected to the State Senate, servtnz five rears.

He was re-elected, bat resigned in tbe second year of that term. In 1S45 he was chosen a Senator In Congress, but resigned in 1849 to accept tbe offlee stated. On leaving the latter position he turned his whole atten tlon to his profession, practicing chiefly in the Supreme Court of tbe United States. He waa a delegate to tbe Peace Congress of 1861, and in 1803 was sgain elected a Senator in Congress for a full term. In 1SCS be was appointed a Minister to England, where he re named one year.

He was never an extremist never once lost his temper. In a word, be was always a gentleman. He died in 1878, aged eighty years. The first session of the Thirty-first Congress commenced on tbe 5th of December, 1849, and continued to the 20th of September, 1850. It was tbe longest and stormiest session ever before assembled.

It took the House three weeks to choose a Speaker. Howell Cobb, of Georgia, was the Democratic candidate, and ifobert wmtnrop, or aiaseacuusetts, tffe Whig. After more than sixty ballots, the Boose adopted a resolution, dec'aring that -whoever should receive the highest Vote on a designated ballot should be tbe Speaker, whether tbe vote so received should be a majority of tbe Houe or not. Under this resolution Mr. Cobb was elected, receiving 103 votes to Mr.

Wlntbrop'e ninety-nine. About twenty votes were thrown away. Tbe slavery question, which was in fall blast, doubtless controlled these twenty votes. Mr. Clay again took his sett in the Senate at the beginning of this session Tbe Kentucky Representatives were Linn Boyd, Daniel Brack, Georsre A.

Csldwell, James Johnson, Humphrey Marshall. John Mason. Finis E. McLean, Charles 8. More bead, Richard H.

Stanton and John B. Tbomp- is waa tne slavery question which pro duced eo much, excitement both in and out of Congress in 1850. Mr. Clay, early In the session, submitted to the Senate bis plan of compromise in the abape ot resolutions. They were referred to a committee of thirteen members, to-wlt: Meiers.

Clay (Chairman). Cass, Dickinson, Bright, Webster, Phelps, Cooper, King, Mason, Downs; Mac gum. Bell and Berrien. This committee reported a single bill, em bracing five subjects, which waa known as the "Omnlbns bCL" The discussion a poo it was as able as ever took place in Congress. I can not find words toexpress the respect and admiration I then entertained for Mr.

Clay. Xha true friends of the Union everywhere, without distinction of party, felt the same a-ay. Mr. Webster, too. In bia 7th of November speech, gave bia powerful support to the tommlttee's bill, it was antagonized by the extreme men of the North and the extreme men of the South.

They succeeded in de-' eating It, but they did not succeed in def eat-tog the measures embraced in It when offered separately. Ben they art: first An act for the admission of the fuU of California. Second An act to establish territorial gov-vsmente for Utah and New Mexico. Third An act to settle the boundary of Texas. Fourth An act to amend and trapplemevita-sry to the act-to more effectually secure fugitives from jostle and persons (slaves) escaping from the service of their masters.

Fifth An act to suppress the slave trade in the District of Colombia, which abolished the importation of slaves into the District of Columbia for the purpose of traffic. The Utah bill provided that "when said Territory, or any portion of, the same, shall be admitted as State It shall be received into tbe Union with or without slavery, as) its constitution may prescribe at the time of her admission." Here was non-lnterven-l tlon by Congress a correct principle, which should not have been departed from. Amidst these agitations, and before the aforesaid measures were passed, the country was shocked to bear of Gen. Taylor's death. He died, after a tew days' illness, on the 9th of July, 1E50.

The Vice President, Millard Fillmore, immediately assumed the duties of tue -xecutive unair. no was in iuu sympathy with Mr, Clay in his efforts to ad just these exciting questions. He made an entirely new Cabinet. They were: Mr. Webster, Secretary of Bute: Thomas Corwin, of Ohio, Secretary of the Treasury; Charles Conrad, of Louisiana, Secretary of War: Wm.

A. Graham, of North Carolina. Secretary of the Navy; Alexander IL IL Stuart, of Virginia, Secretary of the Interior; Nathan K. Hall, of New York, Postmaster General, and John J. Crittenden, of Kentucky, Attorney GeneraL Mr.

Conrad was a native of Virginia. He emigrated to Louisiana, and in 1S28 wss admitted to the bar in New Orleans. He served a number of years in tbe State Legislature. He was elected a Senator in Congress in place of Alexander Monton resigned, sod took his seat In May, 1842, serving until the 4tn of March, 1843. He waa a Representative in Congress frcm December, lS-iy to August, 1850, when be became Secretary of War.

He was a member of the Confederate Congress, and died in New Orleans in 1S7S, sged about seventy five years. Mr. Stuart is a cultured gentleman of fine ability. He was born at Staunton, in 1807, wbere he continues to reside. He served In the Virginia House of Delegates in 183(5, 1837 and 1838.

In 1841 he was elected to tbe Twenty-seventh Congress. He was a Presi dential elector on tbe Clay ticket in 1844, and on tbe Taylor tit ket in 1S48. lie terved in Mr. Fillmore a Cabinet till the close of bis Administration. In 1S56 be was a member of the convention which nominated Millard Fill more for President and Andrew J.

Donelsou for Vice President. In 1857 be was elected to the State Senate for four years. He id a po lite, genial gentleman, and I highly esteem him. He has been practicing law since the year 1828. Air.

Hall was a native of New York. He studied law with Millard Fillmore, and was afterward a member of tbe law firm of Fill more, 11 all Haven, at tsuiiaio. lie was a Representative in Congress from 1847 to 1S49. In 1S52 he resigned hi position in Mr. Fillmore's Cabinet to accept from him tbe ap pointment ot United States uJgo lor tbe Western district of New Yoik.

He died in 1874 aged sixty-four years. Mr. Graham was born in North Carolina. He lece.ved a classical education, graduating at tbe University of North Carolina in 1824. He was a lawyer by profession, and a mem ber of the House of Commons of North Carolina from 1833 to 1S-10.

He was elected a Sen ator in Congress (in place of Robert Strange, resigned), and served from December, 1840, to March, 1843. He was elected Gov ernor oi nis btate in KMi, ana in 1S46. He served ia Mr. Fillmore's Cabinet from July 20, 1850. to March 4, 1S53.

He was the Whig candidate for Vice President on tbe Scott ticket in 1852. He was a Senator in tbe Confederate Congress from FeDruary, 1884, until the close of the war. He died in 1S75, aged seventy-one years. Tbe compromise measures of Mr. Clay, already specified, passed Congress late in this session, aud, were promptly signed by President Fillmore.

They gave universal satisfaction to a very large majority of the American people. in conclusion, I must ask permission, very modestly, to drop a word in regard to myself. During these exciting times I was tbe editor and proprietor of the Nashvillo Union, the leading organ of tbe Deraocratlo party of Tennessee. I sustained Mr. Clay in his patriotic labors with sll tbe ability I posaessed, and with unmistakable earnestness.

For the first time in my life 1 became alarmed about the Union, and when the news came from Wasbinzton that the battle, for its preserva tion was won, I had the cannon tired from the State Capitol. Ax Old Foot. T0BACCQ-H0W THE WEED IS PREPARED. Durham, N. Corre pond ace New Yora World.

I A tobacco factory Is a curiosity and Is worth visit. Tbe dry leaf is carefudr as sorted and crushed by machinery to make smoking tobacco llavored, packed, sewed up, stamped, labelt -d and packed In boxes be fore it leaves tbe Dullaiutr oc, before It finds rest. One lirce establishment has its own printing department, and the ores is run by tbe same engine that runs the other machm err. thousands ot pounds are prepared for tbe market a day. Cigarette machines, worked by eins, ao an important part or tbe work.

But the factories that preDare ehewine tobacco present in tbe region of neero labor the most interesting sight. The tobacco is rolled by band Into lumps, wbicb are afterwards pressed Into plusra by a hydraulic press. The negroes that do the rolling stand in rows br long tables. You can see their elbows at work as regularly as if tbe whole row was a piece of machinery. They keep pcrectiy uniform In their movements by sidcdz.

Every factory haa a leader oi tbe be cause be is absolutely indispensable, and they sing all day. It has been the expenence of tbe few men who undertook to suppress so foolish a habit that tboy became bankrupt. Tbe best necrroes will not woik where tbey are not allowed to sing, nor cao tbey do as much work. There is one establishment here worth visitinff just to hear tbe singing. Naturally tbe tobacco farmers are more prosperous than ever Practically all the tobacco that ia manufactured bere is crown tn the adjacent territory and brought by the growers to market In wagons.

Tbey (ret good prices and receive a hieher price by selling directly to the manufacturer than by snippinz to a commission merchant in Richmond. Before tbe railroads were built, not more then thirty-five years these tobacco growers rolled their crops to Petersburg, a distance of not lees than 200 miles. The tobacco was packed in huge hogshead, through which a beam ran and a horse was hitched to each hogshead to roll it that long distance. Now, tba most prosperous agricul tural sections of North Carolina are thoae northern tobacco counties. The most of the crop grown there la of tbe tower grade.

ine moat oi me tobacco manmactured bere is of low grade. But there are not a few planters in Caswell and Granville counties who know bow to prepare their land aod to care thelc, crop so as to make a very fine leaf. Tbe secret of tbe culture of tobacco is in knowing bow to cure it. Durham and several other manufacturing towns of less note have made a complete revolution in this part of tbe South. The culture of tobacco is even more profitable than that of cotton.

Ana tbe same cbango from the plantation to the farm that haa taken place In tbe cotton growing Statea has taken place here. The planters own small farms and are learning tn value of every acre. As a consequence of this change, and of tbe prosperity, tbey are now projecting two or three new lines of railroad and making other improvements of a similar kind, in a word, tho region is bounding forward to that day of Independence and wealth which tbe agricultural broDerties of the soil and tba thrifty characteristics of the middle class ot bout hern society make Inevitable. in all this region, tobacco culture, tnharcn trading and tobacco manufacture are vet a plebeian business. The old ariatocracr m.

gatre In other pursuits. For some reason or other It was always more resDeetabla to trm-m cotton than tobacco. And to-day the few gentlemen of Durham who boast of thelr an-ceetry are ahlppins-elerka, bookkeepers and the like, in tbe establishments with whnu rich owners they do not associate. The old order of things is getting turned op side-down In a most shocking war. But in in THE COimiEIt-JOUIiNAL; LOIHSVILXE, SIJrnAY, OCTOBER 30 PAGES.

net on the thrifty man. be he "aristocrat, demo- actio mm tivww sivi erst, what care If" C0TSW0LD-MERIN0 SHEEP. The Cotewoid. a very old and long-estab lished breed of sheep, has been extensively used for crossing and improving other breeds. It baa given stamina and eonatitntlon to the talffblv and cloaelv-bred It baa baited to give slat and weight and length of fleece to all the cross-bred Down breeds; one-bait of the Shropshire blood is Cotswold, a fourth of the Oxfordshire Is the same, tbe Hamoahire owe some of its excellence to It, and as a sire for half-breed mutton sheep from the common native ewes ot the United States and Canada, it is unsurpassed by any other rsce.

Of late rears it baa been used to ros upon the Merino, and the cross-bred race haa been found to possess remarkably valuable points. In fact, there is no race of sheep with whose blood that of tbe Cotewoid has been mixed without producing a progeny better than the interior parent, and in some esses tbe sire itsell bas been surpasseo. Perbapa the Cotawold-Mertno cross Is the best of all. The Merino haa an iron eon atitntlon. possesses a most valuable fleece.

end flesh of the sweetest flavor. But its wool is short and fine and useful only for the liner, softer fabrics aod the more expensive goods, while iu carcass ia too light, and Its lamb. although extremely fat and rich of flean, la too small for profit. Crossed with the Cote- wold, a lamb is produced which at six months weighs more tbsn its dsm; and a sheeD whieh ranks with the sire in weight end with the dam in quality of meat, aod has a fleece which is worth more for coarse clothing fabrics and shawls than pare dam's wol, and is equally valuable as that of the sire. 8ucb sheep is essentially tbe farmer's sheep, for it is mark etable from tbe age ol three months, ss a choice fat lamb which brings the top price, up to the agt of three years, whsn It is a ripe wetber, reaching a weigbi.

wben fully ratted. of 50 pounds. In the meantime its fleece of combing wool the basis of the worsted and bunting goods, and the extensively used small wooleu wares, fringes, brsids and trimmings Is always salable at a fourth more than double or treble floe wool. Mr. Joseph Harris, of Rochester, N.

was the first breeder to make an extensive business of crossing Cotswoids upon Merinos. Toe Gerrish Brothers, of Webster. have also been engaged in this pursuit for some yeara past. Mr. Hams baa been successlul In raising some tine sheep, and his success has led many others to follow his example.

Tbe Gcrridb Brothers have also achieved success iu tbe same way. As an example of what tbey have done may be mentioned a crossbred ram when eleven mouths old. It then weighed 101 pouuds aud its fleece eleven pounds and five ounces. Tbe Merino parentage Is visible in its lace and fore-quarters, but its general make-up and its hind-quarters are decidedly like those ot i Cots wold grandire. This animal is doubly cross-bred.

Tbe sire is the produce of crocclng a pure Merino ram on a Co taw old ewe; tbe dam was by a pure C'otowoid ram, out of a Merino ewe. This cros-brecdmg Is a very important part of 6tock-keeping. By it we gee produce having tbe good points of both parents, and much more desirable often for wool and mutton both. For market lambs tbe cross-bred Cote-w old-Merinos are unusually valuable. Rural New Yorker.

THE KENTUCKY HISTORICAL SOCIETY. I Frauktort Yeoman. I We are Indebted to Mrs. Cornelia Bush, Librarian of tbe Kentucky Historical Society, lor the following report: Since tbe last meeting of the Kentucky Historical Society, the lollowibg members have been admitted: Hon. James B.

Beck. Lexington. K.T.; Hon. Ira Julian, Frankfort, Maj. II.

C. McDowell, Frankfort, Hugh A. Moran, Madison county; and of tbe ladies who have been voted In members, Mrs. Or-mond Beatty, of Danville, Mat. J.

C. Morton, Frankfort. Mrs. Sal lie Ward Armstrong, Louisville; Mrs. Jennie Alnutt, Loulivilie; Mrs.

8. J. Msnilee, Louisville; Mrs. Jude James O'Hara, Covington; Mrs. J).

Potts, Lancaster, Airs. John B. Thompson, llarro Mrs. Eoer Hanson and Mrs. John S.

Williams, Mi. Sterling. These ladies will work with special reference to the latiie' branch of the work. Contributions have been received as follows: One newspaper, Lexington Gazette, dated July 11, 179b, Gov. Blackburn.

One Kentucky Gazette, doted Auirust 23, 1S25, Thomas B. ord. One lecture in tbe Study of Law delivered before Transylvnuia University. November 4, 17SJ, bv Jesse Bledsoe. Presented bv Mrs.

Josephine Russeil Clay. Loaned bv the same iady, a muted portrait of Uen. Charles Scott. from the original of Lenit. Loaned A pen and ink sketch of tbe strife between tho 'Old Court" and tbe Legislature of Kentucky, by Rev.

W. O. Goodloe, a grand-eon of Gov. Owsley, one of the "Old Court" Judges. Loaned by Mrs.

Margaret Anderson Wolts. granddauihter of Gov. Owsiey, and a leather box, used as receptacle of valuable papers, broueht over from Eugland. and known to be over 150 years old. Also presented by same iady, tbe license to practice law issued to Gov.

Owsley in 1803. A china plate used by Gov. Garrard while Governor of Kentucky, presented by bis great-grand daughter, Mrs. Ada Patterson. A iiuen table-cloth made of flax, which was grown, spnn and woven on tbe farm of Mr.

I Van De Graffe.of Scott county. 1825. piesent- eu oy leinmg. A seal of the old Franklin Circuit Court: very old, presented by Walter Franklin.Clerk cl tankiin Circuit ourt. A cane made fiotn tbe mantel of the room in the old Love" Tavern, occupied by Aaron uuir uuriDir ins visa to ran If fort In 1806.

i yrcoemeu uy o. vr. uumey, or these contributions sre acknowledged bv jirs. Dusn od Drain oi toe society, with tbe bope that this publication msy suggest a like generous interest on tbe part of those who read. Nodourt many relics of historic In terest are to be lound In families to whom it may not have occurred how much they nngnt contnouie to the A.ebtucky Historical bociety by depositing their historic valuables in t'iose rooms, in which every Kentucklan should teel a pride.

LINE FENCE LAW OF OHIO. The fence law. as laid down in tbe statute boot, is too lengthy for publication entire. Its provisions are as follow: Partition lencee must be buLt and kept in repair by tbe owners or lessees who jointly use it, each laying an equal portion of tbe expense. If one man builds the entire fence, and afterwsrd the owner or of land adjoining desires to usajjt, or connects with it so that It serves as a partition fence, then he most pay half its value, to be decided by tbe Township Trustees.

Repairs must be kept up equally by adjoining owners. Wben two persons are oivided by partition furue, and one desired to vacate his part, or mate a iaoe or passage between such in clotures, he can remove his share of tbe fence bv giving six months' notice, in writing. Wben any controversy arises about tbe rights of owners, or obligations as to building or keepiac in repair, either puny may apply to the Towusbip Trustees, who shall give ten da s' notico to ail concerned, and then proceed to investigate and shall assign each party's sbaie ot building or repair, stating time in which tbe work must be finished. This adjustment will be binding on both parlies for one and until a new assignment is made, if either party fail to- comply with tbe assignment, the other party, upon fifteen dsvs' notice, can go on and do the work and present an itemized biil ot tbe same, which, if ne refuses to psy, shall be referred to tbe trustees, snd they rball then examine the wor and decide its value, which can then be collected, wita costs, in any court of competent jurisdiction. Auy time after the expiration of a year either party can have a new investigation and assignment If tbe line ience Is on a township litJe, tbe Trustees ot either township may be called, and if citber party is not satisfied with their assignment the Trustees of tbe other township may be called.

All damages to stock lrom either party, the result of neglect or failure of the otuer to keep up their share of the fence, must be paid by the one at fault, tbe amount of damage to be fixed by tcree disinterested men, resident of the county, to be appointed by tbe Justice ot the Peace In tbe township wbere tbe fence is located. Their decision is final, and the amount can be collected with cosia without further evidence. THE CORN-CRIB. The average corn -crib is not what It ought to be, either In size or security from vermin. Much ot the labor of the year may go for nothing, save to feed a swarm of mice, if precautions are not taken to keep these little pests -from the corn-crib.

At this season, when tne crib la usually emotv. means shoald be taken to ciear it of mice, and then. If possible, cut oh their access to the grain that la soon to be harvested, if there are auv re pairs to be made in tbe roof, siding and floor. uiey snouia oe maae now mat all may be snug In the corn-house when mnrnau la of the utmoat importance. i long run yf may A SAUSAGE MAR'S TALE.

8oaof a Prominent Russians Official, Hero of a Inel.a sjnlinred Xancuis aatf a JUidaicbt Seller of sautace. IPhrtadt Ipbla "Hot aau-aage! Hot aaa-aage! Bau-sa seal Tak a sauaare. All hot!" "Here's the dog man," said one of a croup oi men wno were clustered, a signs or two ago, round the refreshment' counter or late-closing reataurant in search of a night cap. "Who'll have a dogt Neln. not dog.

Clean, nice, made of de best ox and pig and little calf whlcb dies. It la already 1 of da clock in de morning. I must sell mine aaueage or not have breakfast. Tak' a aausage? Only five cental" The itinerant baga-ot-myeterr man waa evidently a German, and his face waa frank snd Intelligent looking. Me appeared to be about twenty-fire yeara of age, and he proffered his warea with a look half of sbsme, half of des peration.

His stock tn trade waa contained in a large tin can, shaped like a parallelopipe-don, and auspended from his shoulders by a broad leathern strap. A nearer inspection of the can showed five separate lids on the top aide, which, on being lifted, disclosed that number of internal departments. Toes contained raw aaussges, mustard, bread, sausage cooking In hot water, a charcoal fire, and a aupply of spare fuel. "Well, give me a dog," said, a hungry newspaper man standing bv, and the vendor immediately fished out one of tbe delectable dainties from the hot-water division with the aid of a small pair of tongs, and, placing it betweon two piece of bread and dsubing it with mustard, he handed it to bis customer, who ate it amid a chorus of barking and mewing from bia comuanious. One ot the latter aadressed the prowling merchant in German and onerea blm a glass of beer, which was accepted with a modest courtesy that at once attracted the attention of several of tbe by a lander.

The man's voice and manner were thoroughly in contradistinction to bis humble calling. He was Immediately piled with questions, but appeared to nave ilitlo com prehension of the English tongue, so the linguistic msn of the party came to bis rescue and was somewhat surprised to bear tne lol lofvign story: "My linea bare not fallen In pleasant places lately," said the sausage man, speaking his native language with the caieiul choice of expression aud pronunciation of vowels eculiar to a German of culture; "like the Prodigal, 1 feed on husks and herd with sat. Lie. 1 arrived in tews country only three monies ao. regret iu say 1 was forced to lei.v my native land to avoid the coueuuenccs of a duel which I severely wounded my antagonist.

It waa tbe finale to a long course ot dissipation aud debt. My father a prominent Govern ment official in Prussia. He haa the con Ode nee of the Ministry aod is always addressed as 1 waa a favorite sou and nothing was denied me. I studied at Halle and Marburg, and, having completed my course at the latter University, I obtaiued tbe diploma of a Doctor of Philosophy. While at Halle I waa attached to the stall of the Hall echen Courier a dramatic criuc aud para graphia and I frequently contributed poetrv to the columns.

I gave up journalism for tbe study of medicine on ai riving at Marburg, and in the latter city sowed tha plc-ntilui crop of wild oata wbicb bas ended in my being a miserable tramp in a foreign land and chained to a eeuaag-boiier. 1 owed money everywhere, and the paiieuce of my friends. well as my creditors, was well nigh ex hausted br the beginning of this year. How ever, I managed to batg on for some mouths longer. 1 was not nilhu! in my extiavagance, but tbe men 1 mixed with, were a fat lou 1 did as the rest.

XROS 13STEE08. "Love finished me. 1 became fascinated with an actress who played ouLrctte' parts in the Marburg Theater. To uupfly her with guts 1 sold my jewelry and pawned my clothe. 1 borrowed from every eoul I met.

1 knew my ether would never to my marrying tbe girl, but 1 did not care. 1 fur nished two rooms. I induced her to make them her abode, and oue day I placed in ber bands tbe last sum of money ever hoped to obtain rrom Dome, to guard lor me lor us. lor on the morrow we were to have bceu mar ried. Fool that 1 was! Ihe next I went to tbe rooms.

Tbey were (Tripped aimst entirely or their contents. aud on tbe wall was pinned a letter from the treacherons woman, telllnc me that she was ti-ei of my company, that she wss sure 1 was too oor to support ber, and so sbe bad vleldeq.to tbe solicitations of a leilow-studen: of mine, and gone out of town with him. A for the furni.ure, as 1 iiow bad no use for it, she had sent It to licr mother. 'Nakedness, indeed, leigced o'er the spot where Troy once I threw myself on the floor and bit mr hands and arms in mr rage and grief. hat could 1 do? I determined to fly from my woes and creditors at the same time.

Iu America I should, perhaps, find solace and work, and. possibly the dreams of distant lands sre so golden might redeem my past. STARVATION ASD EtGOART, 'I made another appeal to a relative for funds, and, while waiting a few days for a rt ply to mr letter, I wandered about the least frequented portions ot tbe city so as to avoid everybody. One night I met tbe mnn who had destroyed my happiness. I struck blm and spit in his face, aod in the morning his challenge awaited me at my lodgings, sly bullet crut-hed through bis breast, aod 1 took the advice of my second, and, jumping into a carnage1 wattin, i drove to the sta tion and toos: a ticKet ror Bremen.

On arriving at that seaport I had just sufficient to pay for a steerage ticket to New i org, and I landed in this country without any baggage and with no money whatever. I could speak no English, and so I couid get no permanent work tn New York, though I supported existence for nearly a mouth in all manner of ways. I was a stevedore. porter. I distributed hand-bills; I slept in all sorts of loathsome dens, and at times did not touch food for days.

At last waa reduced to begging in tbe streets, and then the German Society beard ot me, and they gave me a ticket to Philadelphia and a letter to a man bere wbo, the secretary said, would fln.1 me work. Ice man is my preaent em ployer. He is a boss sausage-maker, and I and seven other meu are bis gang. He provides each of us with one of these kettles, and every night we go out on the streets and peddle theiu from saloon to saloon. Our pay is board and lodging with the boss and twenty-five cent a day.

He does tbe best he can for us; but what would you have? We all sleep together in one room, and our hours of autv are from 6 P. x. until 3 a. or, in fact, until we have sold out. It is a weary tramp, and we are subjected to many insults.

My companions do not mind it so much. 1 feel it. it often happens that a party of men atop me tn the streets, eat two or three of my sausages and then refuse to pay. What can I do?" THE TEMPERATURE OF MAMMOTH CAVE. LH.

C. Borey in Scientific American. It Is estimated that twelve mil lion cubic yards of limestone have been displaced by tbe great excavation known as Mammoth Cave. Tbe importance of ascertaining exactly tbe temperature of tbe volume of ar and bodies ot water found in such a locality appears on consdering the fact that it wou Id coincide with tbe temperature of tbe earth's crust in the region wbere It is located. The task baa its difficulties.

The darkness of tbe cavern makes it necessary, ot course, to make tbe observations bv lamplight, and the proximity of the flame renders the mercury liable to expand by an increase of beat. The warmth of tbe band may also be Imparted to it in carrying the instrument along; and a sensible impression Is made even by persons standing with their lamps at A distance of several leet. Add tbe fact that all thermometers increase their readings with age, and an explanation la found of tbe errors into which observer have sometimes fallen, and which I have tried to avoid in the experiments now recorded. The result of such errors Is an oft-quoted statement that the uniform temperature of the above cavern and tha region around It is fifty-nine decrees Fah. at all sea-sous of tbe year.

1 shall show this to be too high by about six degrees. Mr first set of observations were made in 1878, with what was regarded as a good thermometer of German make. The table of readings, though not on the wbole may be of some value for comparison, aod are given below: At ihe hotel on tbe bin tbe mercury stood, at noon on the lite of August, 1S7S, at 101 Deg. Fab. At tbe entrance to tbe cave.

6 Io tne Botomla tarda 68 In River Hail to untie and a bait wltb- In). 7 At tbe Bottomless pit, Mary's Vineyard, Marion's avenue and variom other points, including tbe waters ot the Deal Sea. Lake Lethe and Echo river In Kt-Ubor," w'aatimaton Hail "and Bboda'a Arcade eft In Lcey'a Dome ..64 In tee waters of Helen's Spring, Hebe's Boring and In. the Cascade of the River Kitx sa fa tbe water ot Rlcbardson's Soring. 62 According to this table tha temperature varies from fifty -two ttagrae to flliyelght degrees tn tbe cave, the average being fifty-six degTcea Fahrenheit.

Bnt thia, although three degrees lower than the previous obeervattona of local physicists would justify, proved on comparison with Tale standards to be still too high by two or three degrees; and I therefore determined to make a new set of experlmenta of such a nature as should Insure perfect accuracy. A common, but fairly reliable thermometer waa fixed at a point 1,000 yards within the cave, where It was allowed to remain for six months undisturbed. This gave It time to adapt lUelf to Us surroundings, and gave the manager of tbe cave, Mr. Frauds Kiett, an opportunity to take daily observations during the transition- from winter to summer, and in all aorta of weather. His report to me waa summed od in the statement that after being, so to speak, acclimated, this thermometer did not vary more than one degree for months together, and indicated a uniform temperature of from fifty-three to fifty-tour degree ahrenbelt.

This waa as I bad anticipated. But my object being to ascertain the temperature of a large area it would not do to base a conclusion on the testimony of a alngle witness, and that an Instrument remaining constantly in on place, jk Accordingly, on revisiting Mammoth Cava last August, 1 armed myself with two of tbe best mercurial thermometers belonging to the Winchester Observatory of New Haven, kindly lent to me by Prof. Waldo, the astronomer in charge, and which are described as follows: No. 1. CaseUa, i-onaon.

K. O. 10.662. The gradation allowed one-flfteenth of an inch to a degree, ranging from plus ten degrees to plus 120 degrees Fahrenheit, marked both on the glass tube and on a porcelain slide, and determined by a comparison with Tale standard to be accurate within two-tenths of a degree. Mounted in a copper frame with a large rmg attached, by which -it could be swung, in order more quicKly to bring tbe temperature down to that of the air, tbe tube and slide being also detachable from the frame for conveuience in immersion In water.

No. 2. J. and J. H.

Green, New York, 187. No. 4,509. Space allowed to one degree, one-eignteeuth of an inch. Graduated from minus thirty degrees plus one hundred and twenty degrees Fahrenheit, marked on glass tube aod metallic scale, and carried by a brasa holder.

This Instrument, baring been "seasoned" at tbe Winchester Ohservatory, as said to be accurate to within one-tenth of one degree. With these practically perfect instruments I took the temperature, first, of White's Cave, shout a mlie distant from Mammoth Cave, wUh which it Is supposed to have a point of connection. Here the following re sults were obtaiued: At the mjuih ot While's Cave, Aug IS. l-l, lb mercury Indicated, la the batla 86 dec Pah. Jut wii'jin the entrance HJ dea.

Fab. At tbe Naiad's Bath do tbe water) IS deg. rah. At the Naiad's bath (in the air) 54 dec. Fah.

At the end or tbe cve 54 deg. Fab. Th entire length of hite's Cave being but a quarter of a mile, the rapid fall of the mercury from eighty six degrees at tbe mouth to titty-four degrees at tne end confirms the opinion, formed on other grounds, that it has a secret connection with the tar larger cavern adjacent. the difference of one degree between the water of the basin and the air above it is not due to svsporution care being taken in thia and similar cases to avoid this cause of error. It is probable that the temperature ot the water is that of the surrounding earth, while that of the air is modified by external influ ences.

The following observations were made on the 13ib and 15th days of August. 18SL in Llammoth Cave: Deg. rah. At the hotel on tbe hill the mercury At the month of the cave (at At tha mouth at the cave (at 7 r- 60 At the Iron Gate, 100 jards witblu, wbere tbe cur rent is strongest In the rotunda (1.000 yards within) 53 Ia Audubon's avenue la Utile Bat avenue In Gothic avenue (oldest and driest portion) la UicharrUoD's Spring (iu the water) la the Arched Way 51t4 At the Bottotn'ess Pit (tor) At ibe Bottom lean Pit(mllwav) 56 At the Bottomless Pit (at the bottom) 53 In the Mammoth dome (top, -50 feet above bot- torn 54 Iu tne Jtlaintuotb dome (midway) Mta iu the M.nomoib dome (bottom) 53 At the Ertio river (in the water) 5 At tha Echo liver (10 tbe air) At the K'bo titer (where it empties Into Green river) -58 Fioru this second table of observations it will be seen that tbe temperature is more uni form throughout tbe cave than appeared from tbe notes taken in 1878. Tbe variations occurring are due to actual differeuces caused by tne sinking of cold air to the lowest places, Tbe single exception to this is found at Echo river, which is known to be 328 feet below the surface, and yet bas as high a temperature aa any other locality in the cave.

Thia may be explained bv reason of ita connection with the outer pools known as the Upper and Lower Big Springs, and lying beneath the high bluffs of Green river. The fact tbst the temperature of the Bot tomless Pit at a point midway is higher tbsn at either the top or bottom, may be accounted for by reason of an avenue here setting In that was anciently the path of drainage into River Hall, wbere tbe mercury stood at fifty-six de grees. It should be stated that the greatest pains were taken to keep tbe bulb and stem of the instruments dry. except, of course. In ob servations of the water, which, however, were always taken atter tbose taken in tbe air, ao that results need not be modified by the evap oration of moisture.

As a rule, the thermometer was in each Instance left for half an hour wbere it could not be Influenced by animal beat or that of any lamp, and wben the de gree was read it waa done as quickly as possible, before there was any perceptible rise of the mercury. By these observstiona I claim that those made previously and with less accuracy ought to be superseded, and that tbe following facts are definitely settled, namely: First That the highest temperature found in any part of Mammoth Cave during the hottest eeaeon known In Kentucky tor many years does notxceed fifty -six degrees Fahren heit, ana that may, tnereiore, oe regarded as the maximum. Second Tbe lowest temperature found In any portion of tbe cave during the six montbe from March to September, 1881, waa that ln dicated at the Iron Gate, namely: fifty-two and one-half degrees Fahrenheit, and that may be regarded as the minimum. (It is ad mitted, however, that the very strong air- current at this point may have slightly lower ed tbe mercury by causing tbe evaporation of unobserved moisture from the surface ot the tube.) Third all my observations. made in numerous widely-separated locali ties, I find tbe mean temperatuoe of Mammoth Cave In midsummer to be fifty-four degrees Fahrenheit.

Fourth 1 regard tbe temperature Indicated on the floor of tbe Kotunda, and at the boU torn of the Mammoth Dome and of tbe Bottomless Pitt, namely, fifty-three degrees Fahrenheit, as tbe best indication of the true temperature of the earth's crust in tbe vicinity of Mammoth Cave: and presumably so for the belt lying along tne tnirty-eeventb parallel or latitude, near wbicb that cave is located. BUYING AND SELLING CORN. The very unusual weather this season haa so affected tbe product of the corn crop aa to bring up the question of the propriety ot baying to supply deficiencies, or of selling for profit. All parties ahould therefore un derstand well tbe influence of moist or dry weather on tbe weight ot a given, quantity, of this grain. In many portion ot tbe country.

which sutler ed severely from drouth, the corn In the ear waa drier bv the middle of September than it is some eeasooe bv the first day of winter. On one occasion after a moiftt autumn, corn which waa weighed in the ear on the first of January, bad lost tweoty percent, or one-fifth of Its weight, by the following October. Under these circumstances it would have been better to pay a dollar a bushel for old corn than eighty cents for new. in another experiment, shelled corn lost at the rate of one buabel In twenty In bulk, and one bushel in weight, in a warm room. ome montbe later it bad shrunk in bulk equal to one bushel In seven, and lost on bushel In six by weight.

Wbere tbe droatb prevailed this year tbete will be less difference, and new corn will be in fit condition to grind and feed to swipe much earlier than usual a good springing out of apparent evil. iThoee wbo sell their crop in tbe ear soon after busking will not sell eo much water with it as tbey have done In damp autumns, unless long-continued rains set In before the sale ia made; and those who purchase in tbe ear will more nearly obtain their money's worth than la some other years. r- in tbe experiments we nave made wita tne northern varieties, mostly tbe tbe cobs of amarl ears thoroughly dried hare amounted to a little less than eight pounds io weight to tbe bushel, but taken promise u-i oueiy, with different decrees of dryness, the weight of the cobs baa varied all the way from eight to fifteen pounds. This fact also may be of use to buyers and seH era. Country Gentleman.

i I Tor the Coarier-Journal. THE -UHDAY-SCHOQL Smatfay-Seatool Issobi for October 30, 1881, by Fanny B. Caaeodar. 5AOAB ASD IBIHC. Scxxr-rras Lessox.

Lxv. UU. i. And Wadah and Aotbu. aooa ot Aaraa.

took either -ot bjs CMuer. aud put ore therein, and vat taeeoae thereon, and offered strange fire eefore tbe Lord, wbloa be oominandea tbeia not. 2. And there went eut Ore front tbe Lord, and devoured tbem, ana taer died before tbe Lord. a.

Tbea Moses said nuu Atroav, Tarn to tt that the Lord spake, sariae, I will be sanctified la tbem thai corns nigh me, and before ail tae beovle 1 wul be glurJied. and Aaron be4 bia peace, 4. And Moses oaLed Miebaei and Xlxa PC an. tbe soes of Csziel. (be uneie of Aaron, and a.kl unto tnam.

Coma near, carry tout brethren lrom belor sanctuary out ot UM-casap. 80 tbey Wf-m near, aod carried tbem la their ooats out of the camp; aa Moses bad said. 6. And osea said ante Aaron, and BaioK.easar, and noto Ithamar, his sous, neuter not your htails, neither rend your leu die, and lest wrath come upon all the people; but yet your brethren, me whole house of larael, bewail tbe burning wbicb the Lord aatb kla-eied. 7.

And re shall act eo out from tbe doer of tbe saberaacie of ibecoBsrreeatioo, lest vedie; for tbe aaetaiiDf oil of the Lord ta upon yoa. And tbey did ar xdiua' to tie word of Moses, a. Aod ue Lord spake unto Aarcn, savior, 9. Do not drink wins nor strona? driek. thou, nor thy aoaa with thee, when ye so into tbe tabernacle of the ceDgrearaUoa.

lest iii; it $hali be a statute forever throughout your generations: 10. And tbat ye may put differ ence between holy and unholy, aad eeveen unclean and elean. 11. Aod that va may teaob tbe coildrao of Israel ail tbe auuutes winea toe Lord bath spoken unto tbem bv lb band of Moms. Any one bsving tbe training sod education of young children to charge baa realized their questionings of this strange lesson of N'adah and Abihu, aod baa, probably, felt bis inability to answer tbem satiafacturily.

for to tbe superficial reader tbe punishment of these two sons of Aaron aeeuas ao entirely disproporuoual to their sin, which we are apt to esteem as only a superabundant zeal after all. Let us so bck a little. This "book ef laws" pauses ber awhile to relate the story of the sacrificing priesthood, its consecration, aod the punlafunent that befell those sacreligious worshipers. The pause appears abrupt. But when we remember tbat the laws bad b-tn gireu.

and the duties ot the priesthood appointed. It seems proper to take up ibe ttireaii, b.oken at Lxodus, and relate bow these commands were actually put in execution, aod what hapocned 10 tbe vioatcrs ot Uieui? In tbe solitude oi giual bed Aaron and his sons th ss jrsd office; teaching Uieoi br vriuus tiuiUxi (but aia required an teaching thuiu uudt-r this Lwco man was exempt; leatbing theiu tta. wtlasver flraa near tvi tiod mu5i do so tn the way or H-s appolni-oieLt, aud not with any aell-c service af.er lb woraiitper'a own lasbion; teacoiug tbem aiao tbat although Uiy, as were aocepuib.e tnttticejsor for tha people before bod. yet ai tbey were tru.v tmpeifict types of Gieat High I'rl oat, sod themselves bad need of reconciliation. Holltieas ot bean, purity of of person wece specially enjoined upon them, for "great offices diui have aicat men 10 fill ibt-in," and tbe law for their ir-vice loculca.ed bunulur rather than pridn.

Everywhere was emvlws.z.'d and made protuUieai tbe fact that liis Aarouic tad uo efficacy la itself, but derived Its wbole value from tbe tact that It was appointed of God. Now tbe Tab macl bad teen set up. Tbe purol aud gold and scarlet, tbe tine twtaed linen and delicate embroidery, tbe onrx stoaeaaod curious g.rdle, pomegranates and rams' skids and Ladder' aims, oSei ing-s from vegetable, animal and mineral klnsdoma all bad been bruunt in ana tbe arturnc truoiur stood "a thine of beauiy and a Joy forever." wblls the expectant people waited. Aaron and bis sons, gcreous in their new drefs, were coa-secraied to their holy calling. The kScrlOces were b.ouzut sud kil.ed.

and lay opoo th altar. Ham aud Aaron went the of ttie eoure-gaiiou, and came out and blessed tbe prop aod tho glory lb Lurd appeared uuu all tbe oeopl. And wkihe tb ey waited tn re came out a Ore from before Jehovah and consumed uson tbe altar the burnt offering aud iLe iat. Then, may be su e. tbe people shouted ana fell utxu their laces before tbe giorv ef the Lord.

Itut Nadau and Abihu, tiicae sons of Aaron wbo alone bud b.en permitted with tbetr fatber and seventy of the eldara of Israel to go up Into tbe mount and approach uear to bod to the tbvk darkness ana His giory Nadabaud Aulbu, proud uf their promotion aud am bilious on Urn inaugural day to do tbe hurhc-t offices ot the priesthood at once, and to exhibit their nrivilcces txk their censers aod put it tbem atrange Or a. not of God's kindling, and offered locenae. But at ooce from the golden alter flashed forth a wrathful flame, a penetraung tongue of Ore which destroyed and Abihu without singeing a gar meat, (jjee verte 6.) Is noteworthy that the Ore smote fbem and rejected mem. Bad consumed tbem to aane It might bave seemed to tbe Israelite a token of acceptance. But toougb tbey were killed tben hoen ouaui were un.cnca3.

An ancient Jewish commentator aav: It burned tbelr touls, but not Uieir todies." aa tbe an is ti rural dttproporuouau-? Tbe sin was one cf presumption, of dtaoted lence, of self-teeklng. It oumted all lb proprivuea ot tbe occasion It tin cached ood's wisdom It abused trust. What eartbly mouarca would forulve a lapse this? Officers ot bigbeet grade tn tbe armies of earth hare been degraded and lost their I nil en la for disobedience 10 au order tnat, obeyed, would cave broueht sure defeat. But tbe majestr of tbeeota- Bnandant must be preaerted sod tbe dignity oi tbe office upbeid. A time of great pnvlleira and near approach is often tbe time tbat make beads grow giddy aud obliterates that One line between the cbarm aod tbe offense of familiarity.

Then an examule most be made. God bad said over and over again, la substance, "I will be eaty-tiaed In tbem tbst come nigh me. But Nddabaud A bib a desired themselves to be glorilled b-Iore all the oeoole. lo obey is better than all burnt offering and sacrifice." Nadab and Abihu were buned in all tbe bravery of thair prisuy garment, for ihry were now defiled. And Moses said un.o Aaron, and unto Clearer and nnio Ithamar.

ma ions, uncover not year beads, neither rend your clothes, lest ye die, ana tea wrato come upon all toe people; but let vour brethren, the wbole bouse of Israel, bewail tbe burning wbicb the Lord batb kindled. Upon tueae tana bad come tbe oil of consecration. Tney wer not to sorrow ss toose that bave no bope. Tbey mast realix tbe wisdom aod Jast.ee and goodness of God, even in Ilia severity. Some times we say of our dead: "Ttev can not know wbicb Is transplrrog bere bt lowoneartb.

li ibey koow our sorrows, our tears, ortr booes deferred wbicb make tbe bart sick, tbey would grieve." We can cot bear to thing tbey would oot gneve. But we must rammber that uiey bave a broader outlook and see God's dealings with a light on ibem tbat do oot aee. Tbe oldest son of a faioliv stowo now beholds me twnitbment iDdioted on tbe baby boy without a tear, tie rejoices to koow that a wise motoer Is grinding and shaping even through tbe rod. Aaroa and bis sons were to anticipate David's cry, ottered centuries later. "Iiras dumb; I opened not my moutb, because Thou didst it." But tbouvh tne priests, consecrated wholly to bis service, migbt not turn aside from it tor any purpose, tbe wbole bouse of I-irael were to bewail the burning, not la a spirit of ret ell too.

but as recognizing tbe sad calamity sent by tbe divine band and deploring it. Tben God add a temperance lesson Tor tbose engaged In tbe ministry of Ills word. Whatever may be said of lavmeo, bere is an emphatic lemon for ihe clergy. Nor was it a temporary rule, as some otbers. But tbe coflsfhand was "it snail a statute forever throughout your generations." Tbe Lord snake ucto Aaron fnot this time through Mases, bat directly), taring: "Do not drink wlue nor strong drink, thou nor tby sons with tbee, wben ye ao Into the laborndCie cf tbe congregattoo.

lest ve die." Origen rars tbst "It behooves lb- priest Qrt to male himself acceptable to God. before be presumes to seek from Hun acceptance for tbe ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. Beprinted from the Weekly Courier-Journal Only a Limited Xumber of Letter Answered JV'o Attention Jbid to Communication not Aa-companiedoy the Xante of the Writer. To Correspondents. 1.

Do not write anonymous letters. Give fun name and rswt-ofnre address to enable us to fpty by man If we deem such a course best. a. Write on one sMe of the paper only. 8.

Do not une abrrena-taons nor ask frivolous questions. 4. We can not give opinion upon tbe rfspowliitlty or character of business firms ta Loutevtlle or etsewbera. Do not send arithmetical problem or gramnmtfeal quea-rtoos, 6. inclofe stamp or card for reply questions of a personal enaraoter.

t. Persona sutktng smeatlens through- this department snould eonAne their tnqulriea to tne least possibie number. It I better so ask only one or two questions at a time, and those reladng to surrlentezre or ma farm and home should aiwava be separate from to-oinTics. We want to km press on our readers also tha tact Chat they should only make Inquiries 00 topics of general interest, a a tmjuat to our vnoneanatof readers thes apace should be sakeu up ia tn paper an iiasia inn nnwrtrmi nf noeoncern 10 aziy od save tbe parson wno pi Qua them. Time eaa not be taken to copy off questions made part of a letter to tbe bovine department and all such will remain un answered.

Ovxa thru orxsnoxs at osn tot wiix Kircrt ax asswu to axt or thxm. Razbx Patch. Oct. IS. Please answer whether or not any company or corporation have tne riff bl to make a road through a graveyard and remove -tbe dead or oot without tne consent of the relative.

aa not, woas ia pvoausjr Ja. av. Tbat expends aooa tarn terma of tbe charter. A good lawyer Is the one to whom vou ahould apply for rof ormatlon that can be relied oa. SnuTBOiur.

Oct. It. Do vou consider tha Encyclopedia bntannlca" superior to (Apoieton'sf J.B.B. Answer Tbere Is so much of value ta all tbe dif ferent eneycJopedias tbat we can not undertake to pass Judgment on their respective merits, ire us all of the evciopedlaiand find use for them, and then Ian sometimes to lean what we wish to know. KLg.ro, Oct.

17. 1. Was Abraham Lincoln a bastard? a. Wbere waa Booth, Lincoln. kflledT a.

I Abbott's btoaraphy 1 Par wvesett anipwnncateor Av It. B. AnnoerU Be was not, X. Be was killed ta a barn ta Ylrglnla, April 1965. g.

We have never read It. David Crockett's own wort, published by J. B. IJmprncott Col. ot Philadelphia, Fa Is authentic.

BTAjrroso, XT- Oct, IS. Please tell 'tne where and at what price I eaa get toa proosjedloga. teslao. tng the speeches ef eoaseW. hi Um celebrated easa of the Commonwealth against Wllx arson, tn4 at Hancdshnrtt, aj many years ago, tor saardf.

J.G.P. Answer Bv wrfttng to John P. Mortoa a Co of LooltriQe, Ey you may get a work oa ihe law of homicide, by an Indiana lawyer, which eon tains the trial about which yoa toqulra. Okolox a. akx Oct.

is, ia goer sanwata to correspondents, la replying to A. Buatoev MIsl, roe seem ta not cnligbtea htm aa eaatred coa cernlog the sentence need by Jodxe Dava ta tha memorial servic a osw urx. in wuii tbat Judre uavl go tns Scripture wbat aaixad uzv. Ia Una-, recorded Elijah's) prayer lar rain referred ao by the Jiaaar l. bat an due.

zviU as where the Jodize got ats Idea ef tbe peos'e holding up tbs beads of Mosea. and not to Land of the prophet of IsraeV. so euoted by Judw Davis. J.M.C. tha seven tawoth chapter ef Sxedaa does skot aay that iwople' held upmenaoasaf moots.

17 sen, luruaga weariness, tarn arms 01 Moses began to fall, Aaroa and Bur held up his bands, while Joshua asaote tbe Asnalekltes. Mt. lrxao, Oct, 15, 1881. Wber eaa I gel tbe beat hook oa Ornithology, aad tho price? J.M.C. Answer Toa may 'Cones Key la Mora, American Birds, illostratsd, by writing to Lee Sbepard, of Boston, Massachusetts.

It win coat yoa $7 00. Cones' Held Ornithology wOl oat yoa SO. HABJUSOlt COCJTTV.l&Sa Oct. 14. Where aod at what pries eaa 1 ret a tr of music enUtd We Stood Beside the Window?" I do not koow tha author of words ar muslo.

The first Hues sre "We stood beside the window. It was the very same," etc Has. P. rortunatus Oosby ta the author of the soog. W.C Peters arraoged tbe music.

D. raulda, roiuna aveoae, between Greea and Walnut streets, will send it to yoa for thirty cents. Locisvtlu. K.T., Oct. 18, What bas become of the Chevalier Wikoff aad Kiss Gambler a.

caa sou cfve a snort sketch of tbe life cf Pierre Louie, tbe eoutbera statesman, wnetber living or ir the Utile boy at Valley Head. Ala wul anoint' with castor oil. It will curs the enipuoa from poisor oak. B. H.

Armctr 1. Be seems to have properly sunk lata oblivion. He no longer agonises th public mind with stories of bis silly life. We presum tbat Mia Gamble, since she no longer tortured by tha cheraUar'a clumsy attempts ai'love-making, bat surrendered beY name to some man that sbe uvea. 3.

lie waa born In I iaaoaln 180i came to me United States tn liii, aud becaaij a lawyer of great distinction. Iu be was elected to tbe Culled Stales benate. and in 1E53 was appointed Kin later to Spain. He waa one of the authors of tbe Oatead Xaot. feno," about Cuba.

In 1862 be vnas arrested in Kw Orkans for disloyalty. He died in Somerviua. Txss October li, lssi. J. Bow ta glucose msuuiacuired? i What la tbs nuxoer of factorial in the United states, aud their annual of cure? 4.

What Is a simple lest foe torn substance? J. if. D. can cot spire tbe specs to giva you the process ot manufee ore. Tbere are varf etlta of tbe arude.

That mauuTactarcd at Buffalo, N. Y-, is tb beat tbat la made anywhere, f. Wa da not know, nor do we know bow much ejra Is used. All glucose Is not made of corn. 3.

Tbe polansccpe is the instrument on which most reliaccs is placed. Saaoia, Oct. li 1. Frienos request ms to ask, caww gt Tsumage's eermon In book term, and what tbe-rost? a. Where caa I get Molar oa Presbyterian Ism, and coat? S.

Z. W. Answer I. There are different publishers of bia sermons. Address tbe Rev.

DeWltt Taloiage, at Brooklyn, N. 00 the subject. 2. Probably trout Davidson A Main street, of this city. The cost do not know.

ZR HOCSTO.f STREET, ATLAJTTA, GAOCt. IS, 1S81 Will you piesse explain in your eotTespoodeiits' column tb game Bcsxanimou? Hovlat does 001 give It in his Book of Games. By so dole you will very much oblige a family of constant readers. 3Iifl The Rattan game is called Tnc-Trae, II Is played with tbe same pies as tbe Eohah game. The mea are oot placed on the board, but boUt black and wbtie are entered la tbe same table by throws of th dice, and bom players move In the same Idlrecaoa, round to the opposite table.

A player is not obliged to enter all his men before ha mores anv. Be eaa take up Vl blots on entering, althuugb be has some of his men, which bave never been entered, off the board. But while a player bas a man bo, he must enter tt before entering any more, or moving any of those already entered. If he can not enter the man that Is no, be loess all the benefit of bia Throw. A player wbo throws doublets must move not only the number thrown, bot also doublet of tbe amber eonespoad-tng to the opposite side of tbe dice.

If he throws sixes, be must first enter or more tbe sixes, as the ease may be, and tben aces, and he alo bas another throw. It be throws doublets a second Ume, he move according to this rule, and (brows again, and soon. A must first be ab'e to complete the doublets thrown. If be can not move the whole throw, be can not take the corresponding doublets; and be Is not allowed another throw If he eaa not move all the point to which be ia entitled. Id otter respects the game Is similar to ordinary back9 gammon." We bave copied this from the Xncyelc-paxiia Brltanuica.

LonBTiUE, Sept. 7. 1S8L 1. Do you death It derogatory 10 intellectual progress for youthful minds to and court tastes for such writers as Buiwer, Scou. Dickens and TbackaraTT I am familiar with tbe character of all their works and deem tbem as equally tnstruottve and elevating as they are Interesting.

Are not Wflkie Coiilns and Charles Heads c'assed among tne standard writers? 8. not Augusta Evans and MH Mil lock rank superior 10 'Oulda, "Gar Dorian's." Mrs. Forrester, stay Cecil Hay aud such? 8. Is It not advisable for young persons to acquaint themselves with such autoors as Hugo aod Dmraeii? Norn. Riadcb.

Amncrr 1. We most heartily commend acquaintance who such literature. Xd noted Engllb-peak-tng people must koow auch writers Intimately. Tbey are, and tbey are writers, too. 2.

The writers mentioned preaent startling contrasts ta their motives and modes of tbougbt. Kiss af oloosr and Outda" for Instance. Tbe first two mentioned are very much purer and blgber tone than tha last. 3. It certainly it.

although Buzo'a style la Tfbl a eaiiafaetorv model lor writing. Disraeli bas writ lea brilliant things, but we not think be ean be called a novel writer by Instinct. Paijtt Lien, Oct, 1881. will von please echghiea two of your subscribers tn regard to tbe origin ot Richard is himself againr" We fell tnto the en or that we have smco noticed to be a common one that it Is from Shake poire, and got bMurbed at. Wul leal obliged to find a solution to answers ect-omn.

1 aso ar Fannro. Answer That wss tbe work of Collar Clbber, be adding It to the acting play of Shakespeare. course It is not tn the works of Shakespeare. Owxsbboro jrxcTios. Oct.

1881 t. How did th sarins: Tbtngs base changed a luce Betar dted orlelnaie? 8. Wbat ss tbe national langusge of Brazil, Portugese or Spanish? 3. Wbicb is the recognised standard ot spelling, Webster or Worcester Pkasx Love. 4 Anawer 1.

We do not know. a. Portugese. S. Ton can not go amiss by following either.

Webster's Unabridged is not surpassed anywhere. Lexington. It, Spt. 1BS1. Tbs loud laugh that spoke tbe vaunt mlod." Tbere ss a dispute eonoernrng the above line.

Doe tbe poet ateaa a mind frte from eare, or one lpoapaU of thought an idiot? s. W. Neither. Be means a mind not ocea-Died bv any great thought at the Ume of the laugh It Is tben comparatively vacant. r.TO!.

Mias Oct. 11. 188L Wnerw can I re the b-si work oo deoUstry, aod at wbat price? Pleas mentioa one or two dental college, and tuition fee, Wbere ism dental tools be bad, and price of same? L. A.S. nsiver Cole's note book for students of dentistry will cost you one dollar.

J. p. Kortoa a On IxtuUvQle, EyM wfU send it to you post paid at thai price. Address "Dean ot the Dental Collera," Louisville. Ky-.

or "Dean Dental College," Qndn-nau, Ohio. En ber will give yoa tbe deatrod tnfor-matlon. Tort Dade, Bjja.tdo Co, Fla, Oct, 11. 1S81. I win vou would be so kind a to Inform me wber I eaa write for tb price 1ms of prlnUngresiee.

If vou will seod this card to ooi sellahie manufactory of presses yen would oblige tn taoen. -1 dwalr tola ma oon in reference -iomali four-page country presses, say six column. two'bf one and a half feet, oO L. B. Answer Ton are not, by any means, exphett about, the kind of press you desire.

Write to tb Cincinnati Type rounderr. Cloemnatf, Ohio: E. Boa A Co, 'M Grand street. New York cttri the CaniDbea Prating press Co, SI Beekman street, er to CottreH C. B.

Co, 8 Spruce afreet. New Tort, or lit Hoo-roe Street, Chicago, Illinois. Descnba exactly what yoa want, and from some of -these roa will get aat lafactorv mtortBation. -S1 t.rl MARmrs cross Boao. AlswOcs.

15. I. Do yoa offer tb "racket ekiek wuh sabeerlpaoo so tb C'ocrijlr-Jocbnax txw? ir so, wbst ss um srtoe for both? Haa Oot. Bofoiw ever been dismissed from the asylum? a. Hs me rund made up for klrs.

Carte id ever been tendered ber, and nas It been accepted? T. H. at, Ja. Anstrer i. Tea, JrTbe i Weexlt Cocarxa- JoCbjtaX.

one year and Ckickvl etoek by trttora soafl for $, Be has not, nor da we know ot ear reason why he abocld be. Be baa beea talking of sending a petition to the Legfslattrre to approprtata 7 money enough, to reimburse him for the amount lost Ivy hie trad wita Rowland for th farm. 1 S. The mount suosenoea oa so ioiwsuu lur to iisuum -af herself aid enlldren. ad ab liaa accepted it, OroaaxTowg, Texas.

Oct. 1SL t. Wb is Deuta Kearney, and wbat ar his X. Wbat fa Sen- ator Bayam'a naUvs State? Is be a Deaeoerai of th riatstnpaf C. B.

astrrr I. We do not kaow that Peals has any politics now. Beta attendtngte us drays. X. Data war.

Be to a tnorouga JXaMexaL, at retvotfabii).