The Miami News from Miami, Florida • 10

THE MIAMI DAILY SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1938 TAGE TEN A So This Is Miami In New York WITH CHARLES B. DR1SCOLL Miami Daily News OLDEST PAPER IN MIAMI Founded. 1S98 DANIEL. J. MAHONET, Vic Prciident and General Manager ROSS A.

REEDER. Secretary-Treaaurer HAL LEYSHON. Editor CHARLES T. COFFIN, Business Manager Entered at Postolflce, Miami, Florida, as Second-Class Matter Published every day in The News Tower, corner Biscayne Blvd. and Sixin by the Metropolis Publishing Telephone 3-1101.

SUNDAY, MAY 8, 1938. SUBSCRIPTION RATES Year 6 Mos. 3 Mo. 1 Mo. Wk.

Dally and Sunday 112 S6.00 3 00 11.10 .25 Daily 4.50 2.25 .18 Sunday 4 2.00 1.00 .40 .10 Miami Dally News Is a member ot Audit Bureau of Circulation. (Copyright, 1938) NEW YORK, May 7. These are the days that try the souls of teachers. The world is awake with teeming life outdoors. Pupils do not like to work over the ancient problem of how many fish A had left after he had given four to tossed two little ones back into the stream, and got himself locked up poaching.

They want to get out and solve real problems. In the giant beehives the city cf New York maintains for education of its youngsters, there is not quite the same community of interest among pupils that prevails in smaller schools of quiet towns and rural places. In a high school housing 6,000 students from different kinds of neighborhoods, Johnny de Pleister-Jones may be anxious to be off to Europe on the cruise that was promised him if he would not fall below 50 in any subject this year. Mary Koskowitz, six blocks down the other street, may be things are approximately equal the largest campaign fund will prevail. Think what unlimited cash can do now.

in political campaigns. Given all the modern facilities for reaching the public mind and eye, the political propagandist and campaigner can keep the welkin ringing night and day, provided his money holds out. The temptation of the candidate to look in every available spot for the cash to float his candidacy along grows more and more strong. Two chief sources of campaign money present themselves. Assessments of holders of public office where candidate or party is already in power is one resource.

The support of interests with plenty of money and the desire to control the government comes next. There may be assessments upon people who sell goods to the state, as well as upon people who perform personal service for the state. Interests which feel the" need to influence the laws of the state can be called upon for funds for political party candidates. The outstanding example of this is the huge fund which the Republican party for generations raised from the interests specially benefited by the party's tariff acts. The evil of the unrestricted and unregulated campaign fund became evident in Mark Hanna's time.

The making of laws to meet the obvious need was begun in that far day. Yet here we welter in our present sordid campaign-fund mess. In other countries, such as England, meanwhile, the campaign fund problem has Bible Thought For Today And the fame of David went out into all lands; and the Lord brought the fear of him upon all nations. I Chronicles 14:17. Green's union will now fight for control of labor in the mines.

What will be at stake? The wages and- hours of the miners, the thing for which they fight? Not at all. Each union will press alike for the higher pay for the least work to sell their labor in the dearest market as the businessman does his goods. The issue is whether one or the other man shall run the mine labor show. Thence the war. Some day the workers will take a line from the story of politics and say: Labor war is a game which, were their subjects wise, labor kings would not play at.

W. L. Setback To Mobs Among the results of last Tuesday's election is a Hillsborough county development which as yet has failed to attract its just share of state-wide notice. It is the re-election by a majority of almost three to one of State Attorney Rex Far-rior. Mr.

Farrior received tbe highest total vote of any candidate in the county with the exception of Senator Pepper, and was not far behind the senator. He made this showing, apparently, without any considerable organized backing and without a large campaign fund. The significant thing is that Mr. Farrior is the man who has fought uncompromisingly to win convictions in the Tampa flogging cases. He is also responsible for the grand jury indictments of several county officials accused of taking graft from gamblers.

The smashing indorsement given Mr. Farrior at the polls shows that the citizens of Hillsborough county respect honest, fearless law enforcement. It shows equally that they have no patience with law-breaking mobs nor with suspicious conduct in public office. What the voters of Hillsborough county expressed in their indorsement of Mr. Farrior, the voters of Dade county expressed in their violent repudiation of the congressional candidacy of Mayor Williams.

Citizens here as well as in Tampa are fed up with bad government and they are equally, if not more, disgusted with the terrorism and brutality of the Ku Klux Klan. wondering whether she can get to Coney Island this season. They're all looking forward to commencement and the days to follow. TRENDS OF THE TIMES To Thomas Mann goes the Cardinal Newman award for 1937 at the University of Illinois. Such prizes go to men credited been brought under control.

Why don't we get down to business and do the same with outstanding service to the enrichment of life. Thomas Mann is a philosopher, and author, an exile from his native Germany. He could not remain in Germany because he insisted on thinking his own thoughts, speaking his own words. CURRENT OPINION In the Southwest and South, and in many other parts of the country, rural schools close earlier than do schools in big cities of the East. In our part of the country there were many reasons for closing the schools in early May.

I attended a one-room frame school, poised uncertainly on the edge of a permanent mud-puddle on a nonproductive corner of one of Ed Horner's farms. It gets mighty hot in May in that part of Kansas. The big boys are needed on the farms for spring work. And, besides, the longer the terms, the more the school district has to pay out for the teacher's salary. My teacher (a different one almost every year) was paid $40 a month.

Out of this they paid board in a neighboring farmhouse, or supplied themselves with horse and buggy and drove back and forth from town, six miles each way. FLORIDA'S VERDICT (Tampa Tribune) The political eyes of the nation were on the Florida senatorial primary Tues Whoever insists at great risk to himself, upon thinking his own thoughts and speaking his own mind, becomes by that fact an enricher of human life. Whom would we have to name as last year's greatest impoverisher of human life? The person, no doubt, who forced into exile such as Thomas Mann. How Chinese Farmer Fights Japan By ANNA LOUISE STRONG America produces no tin. All the vast amount of tin it uses must come to us over seas.

Bolivia supplies a part. The Far East supplies some. Without tin we could not carry on a war. Without tin we should have trouble to carry on anything. We are a nation now that lives out of a tin can.

Mother's Day Everybody looked forward to the last day of school. It was the biggest community feast day in the valley, and the only time we neighbors all got together, men. women and children, and really celebrated. It wasn't called commencement. That was a city word that came to our community much later, along with talk of I.

self-starters and government money. In the earlier day, when last day of school was at its best and baker's bread was the mark of a lazy housewife In town, nobody ever graduated from that country school. The boys kept on coming to school, shorter and shorter periods in successive winters, as they grew older and were worth more on the farm. But they often showed up for a little education during December and January, up until they were married. Some of these bigger boys who shaved once a week caused the teachers a lot of trouble.

They were hard to lick. day, because Florida was the first state to vote on a straigh tout New Deal issue after the president suffered defeat in congress on his reorganization plan and after he announced his new relief program. There can be but one interpretation of the result, that the Democrats of Florida continue overwhelmingly for the party, its administration, and for its leader ar.d the New Deal which he launched in 1933. VICTORY AND DEFEAT (Palm Beach Post) Senator Pepper did not win his contest cheaply. He fought a good fight, he won a good race, and may his crown of glory at Washington on behalf of the people of Florida and the nation be those achievements won for them though endurance and hard fighting attend each one.

Senator Pepper has shown his steeL May it never grow duller in keenness nor lose its luster in whatever combats he may unsheath it for the general welfare. To Congressman Wilcox, who sought the senatorship, there is added courage to be found in his display of courage; and there is no despondency in his defeat. He will have represented the people this Fourth congressional district for six years with the advent of 1939, and it never had better representation. He likewise has shown his steel, but never more ably than in these hours of defeat when a fine grace surrounds him. He can be a useful citizen to his community when he returns from hi3 public labors, and that of itself is no insignificant triumph in life.

from the battle front on the Lung-Hai line to Peiping through territory allegedly Japanese but actually controlled by Chinese guerrilla You can use any road except the railroad, which is in Japanese hands. You can even cross the railway lines; there is plenty of lonely mileage between the Japanese-held stations. Missionaries travel thus; so do correspondents. So, occasionally, do messengers from the occupied territories to Hankow. Miss Liu, a cheerful Red Cross worker from Peiping, met me in Hankow and explained that she represented the "women's organizations of the occupied areas," and had come as delegate from a joint meeting of several score guerrilla bands who had formed the "North China Anti-Japanese She was in Hankow for money and supplies for these fighters, several hundred miles beyond the Japanese lines.

She mentioned the 10,000 first-aid kits sent by Peiping women to the guerrillas as casually as if they had not been "made and collected illegally in Japanese territory. The bands she represented included one led by Peiping students. armies who go guerrilla to escape from the front, corrupt magistrates who organize gangsters to loot the countryside, and plain chisellers, out for government funds. Besides these, the Japanese have their own Chinese guerrillas and try to buy up others. On both sides of the line bandit types get arms only to sell out to the enemy.

So far the Japanese have lost more in this game than they have go-Groups of volunteers are now authorized by the Hankow government, according to Chou En-lai, only when they get their plans and leadership from some regular army. Three government armies give special attention to organizing local peasant volunteers: The Eighth Route army in Shansi. the ex-Feng troops in Shantung, and the new Fourth army in the region west of Shanghai. A new, unstable yet tenacious life grows up in these Japanese-surrounded districts. Even portly Chinese magistrates go mobile; they leave the county seat when the Japanese come in, and take to the villages, holding circuit court.

Whole counties still recognize their administration of justice. Occasionally the Farm Fighters recapture a county seat, chase, out or execute the Japanese puppet government, and install the former magistrate till such time as the Japanese come again. These rural fighters are miserably armed. Even the regular Chinese armies have only 4,300 rifles a division as compared with Japan's 17,000, and only 72 light machine-guns to Japan's 436. Farmer Fighters are much worse equipped.

Home-made hand grenades are their most effective weapons. They furnish, however, the raw material which Chiang Kai-Shek needs to reorganize his forces. The acid test of war has The war department is beginning to lay up a reserve supply of tin. It has now a thousand tons or so and plans to have much more. This looks forward to an ever normal supply of tin.

Joseph in Egypt was no more wise than this. A self-sufficient America we shall never be. Nearly everything necessary we can produce for ourselves. We cannot produce the necessary tin or the needed nickel, and the essential rubber is not yet within our reach. The home supply of indispensable manganese is by no means enough.

Japan is less nearly self-sufficient than we. Before it attacked China it built up great stores of oil and iron. When Japan runs out of 'oil and iron that will be a bad day for Japan. ow is a good time to trade American farm and factory products for good and plenty manganese, tin and other things which we lack against a time when these things, as in a world war, would be hard to get. temptation to play hookey.

But the' teachers increased discipline as the last day of school neared. Pete Weirick accompanied a bunch of us over to a pasture to pick johnny-jump-ups one noon, and didn't get back until after the last tap of the bell. Pete wasn't (Copyright, 1938) While Japan moves tens of thousands of fresh troops to the' main battle front in Shantung, hoping to seize her three-months' old objective, the Lung-Hai railway junction at Suchow, before the summer rains handicap her motorized forces, the whole Chinese countryside for three hundred miles behind the Japanese armies and for a thousand miles east and west has gone guerrilla in a big way. What began as a blind blow for revenge by farmers from burned villages has spread into an organized tactic on every Chinese front and in almost every county. Farmers who last winter fought barefoot on snow to discourage invaders from penetrating their valleys I knew one such band which came back from a victorious all-night January skirmish with 30 frozen feet--are now participating in the wider game of blowing up railways and seizing coal mines.

Merging with straggling soldiers from routed provincial armies and with students from bombed universities, they have gained both organizers and military supplies. Recently the Tsing-sing mines, northwest of Paoting on the Peip-ing-Hankow line, were wrested from Japan by Chinese mobile units. One of the most important mines of north China, with coal deposits estimated at 220 million tons, they are a vital factor in Japan's heavy industry setup in north China, for which Tokio newspapers announced they would secure some tens of millions of foreign chiefly American funds. Though Japan can doubtless retake these mines, whenever she is ready to spend the men and munitions, coal deposits that wander back and forth are not likely to attract informed investors. Pao, ex-police chief of Tsing-Tao, flaunting his guerrilla band of 1,700 ex-policemen complete with guns and motor-bikes, told me: "We prevent the Japanese from cashing in on their victories.

Thus we shall wear them out. There aren't enough men in all those little islands to hold all our mines and all our towns all the time." It is possible to travelwith proper escort from one Chinese mobile unit to another all the way, who are using the ancient temple resorts of the beautiful western hills once their vacation camps strong and couldn't run as fast as the for camping of a more military kind. Some 10,000 irregulars stu rest of us. The teacher, a gigantic dents, farmers and former soldiers have been fighting out of those hills for months, using arms which woman with two blacksmith arms, beat Pete with a big hedge stick so hard that Pete was unable to come to the last day of school, next day. I heard the 29th Route Chinese army threw away last fall in their disorderly retreat from Peiping.

Anotner weu- known band, under Professor Yang from him on the Fourth of July. He was just then getting about, after weeks in bed from that beating. Hu-lin, late of Tientsin Commercial Buried in Kentucky Is a gold reserve of several billion dollars. Tin, in time of war, is more valuable than gold. On with the tin reserve.

My only experience with the big hedge and Law college, operates from the Tai Hang mountains. Chao-tung, stick (Osage hedge, a tough and unyield formerly leading guerrillas in Manchuria, now attacks suburbs of ing timber) resulted from an exchange of bits of mud off our shoes between Bide Kongle and me. We tossed dried Peiping. Sn nriria is the praze for euerrilla eliminated from the Chinese scene a large proportion of the ineffi mud across the aisle in a spirit of spring warfare that the Hankow govern cient, corrupt provincial troops of the war-lord type. The heavy casu SMASHING VICTORY (Tampa Times) Senator Pepper's nomination in yesterday's primary to succeed himself for the full term in the senate beginning next January was a magnificent triumph for himself and the Roosevelt New Deal.

No other interpretation can be fairly put upon the results. The senator's loyal and unswerving support of the president's policies since he entered the senate late in 1936 and his outspoken and unapologetic attitude toward every act of the New Deal left no room for doubt about where he stands. But his public indorsement by Jimmy Roosevelt early in the winter and the charges that he was merely a "rubber stamp" for the president made the issue clear in the minds of every Florida voter. If results had been reversed, imagine what a howl would have gone up everywhere in the country to the effect that the Democrats of Florida had repudiated Roosevelt and all his works! But the fact that Senator Pepper won by an overwhelming majority over two such lusty campaigners as Mark Wilcox and Dave Sholtz, after a sizzling contest during which every possible issue was raised against him, merely heightens the pro-New Deal emphasis on his victory. ment nas to latce measures io control it.

Everyone comes to Hankow for arms and money, but who guarantees that they will fight 1 4Una fi rt-Vl- alties of positional warfare against madness. Bide was about six feet tall and strong as Gargantua the Great. Ho didn't mind the beating at all. I was not a robust youngster. I had to hire my brother to do my farm chores for me superior armament is remolding at the right time against the right In the year 1888 the ability to ride a bicycle was rare.

The bicycle of that day was an unstable affair of one big wheel and a little one chasing it. Strike a stone the size of an egg and you rider went over on his head. Only hardy young men of athletic ambition risked the art. By the year 1898 the safety bicycle was everywhere and those who had not learned to ride were fewer than those who had. By this time bicycle riding was so universal children learned to ride as they learned to walk.

It was a universal art. people unou now in acuve the better disciplined but not very flexible troops of the central government. A new Chinese army daring, flexible, imaginative is being forged out of the best of the old armies and the new blood of the Farmer Fighters. for one week after the gentle lady teacher had worn herself and that club out on me. How I loved that dear teacher! For now many years we have set aside a special Sunday in the month of May for formal expression of the love we bear our mothers.

Such an observance waited only the suggestion to be widely adopted, for the mutual affection of mother and child is as old as man himself, "and no human emotion more fittingly demands an occasion of public as well as private honor. So today the carnations are worn in tribute to mothers, the gifts tendered in appreciation of all that they mean to us. It goes without saying that the genuine feeling of which these are mere passing outward symbols is not restricted to any single day of the year, but holds its constancy in the deeper if less obvious recesses of the heart. No man needs to be told his debt of gratitude to the woman who bore and reared him, of her faithfulness and devotion even after sometimes he has ceased to deserve it. The scriptures call her blessed, and the poets echo the song.

Each knows it best for himself. Nor in the large sense must the tribute to mothers, we realize readily, confine itself to individuals. Thus we see the significance of Mother's day, originating in the purely personal relation, spread now on a broader scale. There is for one the effort of the Golden Rule foundation looking to the needs of those many mothers and their dependent children lacking even the simple necessaries of life. More and more, too, we recognize the need of reducing the high maternal death rate in which we compare so unfavorably with many foreign countries.

Our own mothers, as we honor them today, will be first to see that true regard for motherhood must encompass also the less fortunate, both in the miracle of childbirth and the not always happy afterward. Let the spirit of mother love rule men in all their relations with their fellows, and what a world it might be! We may not find a better guide on this Mother's day or any other. Campaign Funds The question of the hour in the state of Ohio is: Have the state employes under civil service been put under pressure to contribute to Governor Davey's campaign fund? For a decision as to the fact we can afford to wait. Investigations are under way and the facts should ultimately emerge. Whatever the facts turn out to be, they bring us face to face once more with a sordid side of our politics.

For a third of a century we have been legislating about campaign funds. After that third of a century our campaign funds are the scandal they were before. We have known such scandals in Florida from time to time. The question concerning Governor Davey is this: Is a public official seeking re-election rallying the public employes under his jurisdiction into a conscript army to keep him in the office which he holds? If the governor is assessing the civil service employes of the state for his campaign fund, he is doing just that. If he is doing that, he is doing an intolerable and indefensible thing.

If he Is doing that intolerable and indefensible thing, it is further to be said he is doing the common and all but universal thing. Such is the mess into which politics and campaign funds have come. Elections, we must miserably admit, commonly go the way of the largest campaign fund. This is not always true. At times a torrent of public opinion is running so strong that it cannot be stemmed by any amount of cash.

Where other told me that guerrilla fighting is subject to three kinds of abuses: undisciplined men of the regular Washington Treadmill By FRANK A. KENNEDY But the last day of school paid for all. There were recitations, essays, dialogs and tableaux. A curtain of cotton goods had1 been made and strung on a wire across the teacher's end of the schoolroom, and two girls were the stage hands who opened and closed the curtain. There was difference of opinion in the district about the propriety of tableaux, because the girls who appeared in them wore liquid paint to make them look like statues.

Tableaux powder was burned, giving the school something of the atmosphere of a regular opera house. After Hallie Kirby, a girl from back east (Terre Haute, had staged the first tableaux, kneeling, with her hair all down, clinging to a cross made of two-by-four scantlings, there was a good deal of talk. True, the thing had been called Rock of Ages, and it was kind of religious, so it wasn't exactly like play-acting. But it was several years before we had any more tableaux. mer, is edging into the picture again, despite President Roosevelt's veto of Congressman Peterson's bill authorizing the project.

According to the best information, the public health service, which would administer the hospital, now desires to push a new bill. The congressman, however, is a trifle gun shy. Having had one bill vetoed, he would prefer a green light from the White House before introducing another. At the moment, it isn't known whether President Roosevelt has changed his mind. An indication of a different attitude, however, may be found in the administration's recent recommendations to congress, adding $25,000,000 to the current federal building program.

From this fund would come money for the Florida hospital, should the Peterson bill be re-enacted. doubled by the present big-navy drive. We asked for no such sum for the army, but if the two services are to supplement each other properly, we can use five more air bases, as authorized by Congressman Wilcox's 1935 defease act. Maybe it's too late, but see if you can't slice us off the money from the new PWA funds." These word-of-mouth hints sometimes bear more fruit in congress than formal book-length reports. The May army program blankets the country with its 181 separate projects and consequently will muster a powerful house bloc behind it Army projects, for all branches of the service, provide the sort of federal spending that congressmen understand best.

One of the Wilcox air bases, to be selected later by the general staff, almost certainly will be located on the lower Florida DAILY NEWS BUREAU Washington. May 7 CANAL MYSTERY From the house rivers and harbors committee leaks this bit of information, quite authentic, but possessing no public sponsor. More than a week ago, canal proponents, while Congressman Green was absent, endeavored to do him a good turn. They presented a motion to the committee in secret session, to ask for a special house rule, giving Lex's canal bill legislative right-of-way. Writh eleven members present (a minority, the committee numbering 25) the canalites met an unexpected, though not a final reverse.

The members voted six to five against asking the rules committee for the special dispensation. No one will talk now, but congressional cloakrooms want to know why the move was made in Lex's absence. His vote would have tied the count, and the chairman, Congressman Mansfield of Texas, admittedly friendly to the canal, would have cast the deciding vote. Another effort, this time with a full quorum on hand, may be anticipated. Granting ultimate favorable action by the waterways committee, there still remains the rules committee to convince.

It is the latter group which actually grants or rejects requests for special rules filed with it by other In the year 1898 the number of people who knew how to drive an automobile was microscopically small. Automobiles were few and balky and only persons with unlimited time and money to spare undertook the job. In this year 1938 persons who do not drive a car are a marked and exceptional few. There is little "learning" to drive a car. We come to drive cars as we come to walk and run, much as a matter of course.

Driving a car safely on crowded roads is an exacting, difficult art. Everybody does it, and mostly without harm. Congressman Maury Maverick would establish a West Point of the air. This country, he says, needs 100,000 pilots trained for the needs of commerce and war. That calls for a great national training school, comparable to West Point for the army and Annapolis for the navy.

Fliers are still few, and they must be taught. It is 50 years since riding a bicycle was an adventure needing special training and skill. It is only 30 years since driving a car was a special accomplishment. How long will it be till children take to the air as unconsciously as now they take to the bicycle and the car? The American Federation of Labor grants a charter to a miners' union of its own. John Lewis' union and William PEPPER WINS (Sanford Herald) The sweeping victory of Claude Pepper in his race for re-election to the United States senate is a remarkable testimonial for the persuasiveness of the junior senator.

He very clearly succeeded in convincing the Townsendites that he was 117 per cent for the Town-send plan while satisfying the New Dealers that he was 117 per cent for Roosevelt. Just how this amazing feat was accomplished is beyond our comprehension, for the two are as diametrically opposed to each other as the poles of the earth. It was, of course, well known that if Senator Pepper could unite the vote-getting qualities of the New Deal's various "pump priming" programs and the 5200 a month pensions advocated by the Townsendites, he would have a winning combination. With something like 70,000 old folks eligible for pensions in Florida and about 34,000 actual workers on WPA projects, with their families, he was bound to win if he could ride the same horse in both directions. That he 'succeeded so effectively and so adroitly in doing this proves that a large part of the public still has its mind definitely fixed on the federal treasury in Washington and is determined to get, each his share, as long as the pie holds out.

As we analyze the elections returns, it was a clearcut cleavage between those who profit fiom government expenditures and those who don't. Sunlond Shorts By OLXN MILLER (Copyright. 1038) LEGAL FANCIES The supreme court's acceptance of Congressman Wilcox's municipal bankruptcy act' has provided Washington legal leftists to these speculative fancies: "If municipalities, as public corporations, can be admitted to bankruptcy, may not the court later in- "To keep your moral strength in healthy tone, each day you should do something you hate to do, asserts a philosopher. We ao. We work.

"Do you get angry with inanimate 0 things?" asks a psychologist. Well, no; still, on the other hand, we've never patted an alarm clock on the head. INSPIRED? To what extent the army general staff is behind Congressman May's move to grab $124,000,000 for army posts and air bases, is interesting Florida members today. May, as chairman of the house military affairs committee, hardly would seek to earmark PWA funds, if the army later were to say there was no pressing need for the money. Similarly, such a huge extra request hasn't emerged on paper from the war department.

The only logical answer, the Florid-ians believe, presupposes that the army generals passed a hint to May in a fashion something like this: "The navy's effectiveness will be elude the counties? Decades ago, ithe high tribunal took a longer In an election year congressmen can, hnrlt, r. -1 thfl WVlit RaYW step when corporations were granted bankruptcy privileges then open only to individuals. "From counties, perhaps. to states? If states, why not the nation? Do you own any government bonds?" uaiutj ucw VUaj because they have their ears glued to the ground. MARINE HOSPITAL The $1,500,000 marine hospital for Flor- ida, sought by 20 cities last sum-'.