The Marion Star from Marion, Ohio • 6

THE MARION STAR Start of the Second Half Might Have Been Worse By Raymond Moley Published Daily Except Sunday by Brush-Moore Newspapers, Inc. Established October 8, 1877 Member of Associated Press Friday, August 29, 1958 Page 6 Alaska Could Be a Lesson If the school year had started, history teachers could give their classes a lesson in the inter-relationship of events by pointing out that the unsettled issues of the Civil War haven't changed a bit in the 90 years since the United States took possession of Alaska, on Oct. 18, 1867. The citizenship rights of Negroes are still resented by Southern whites, and bad feeling over states rights is still interfering with federal decisions. The same bad feeling which almost robbed the United States of Alaska 90 years ago.

It was closely related to another kind of bad feeling that had reached a climax of bitterness in 1867 the resentment of Congress against the power of the chief executive and the attempt by Congress to drive both the president and the Supreme Court into governmental oblivion. That hasn't changed either. Andrew Johnson, who had inherited all the hatred against Abraham Lincoln, was being relentlessly crucified by an arrogant Congress in 1867, when Secretary of State Seward completed the deal to buy Alaska from Russia for $7,200,000 in gold. This seemed to the peanut politicians in Congress a perfect chance to trim down the harassed Johnson. It was one more oppor tunity to show him that executive power was helpless in the face of legislative power as wielded in those unhappy reconstruction times.

Alaska, itself, was of no importance to the main business under discussion, which was to humiliate and ruin Andrew Johnson. One of the congressional maneuvers in this period was the passage of the 14th amendment, whose satisfaction is still at issue in the fight over integration in Southern states. Civil rights, themselves, are so much at issue that the only obstacle to congressional action on statehood for Alaska for years was the diehard opposition of Southern senators fearful that Alaska's two Senatorial votes would be cast for civil rights in some future showdown. All of this has had no bearing on Alaska, itself. Alaska, itself, rarely has been sidered.

Shortsighted, vindictive politicians who almost blocked its purchase and blocked its statehood for years neither knew nor cared about Alaska. It could be a lesson. The price of bitter-end politicking has been greater than this wealthy country should be asked to bear. Take heed, children. Let history be your teacher.

This visitation of Congress was bad enough news for the taxpayer but some consolation can be gained from a contemplation of how much worse it might have been. So when the woebegone payers of the bills for this great republic assemble in their respective houses of worship next Thanksgiving, they should offer a word for the Rules Committee of the House of Representatives. They are so few but they have saved so much. And the payment they get is the sneers and abuse of "liberals" in Congress and in the press. The British House of Commons operates under the tight control of a Cabinet system.

Without some such insurance against lunacy and confusion there would be only two alternatives over here utter anarchy or a speaker's dictatorship. The nation had the latter for a Jong time until one day in March, 1910 the "czar," Speaker Joseph Gurney Cannon, was ousted from bis place on the Rules Committee and was denied the authority to appoint its members. THE INSTIGATORS of this rebellion were the creators of the "progressive movement." Cannon's rule was replaced by what we have now a committee elected by the House. In 1938 President Franklin D. Roosevelt, who had his own ideas of dictatorship, was enraged at the independence of John O'Connor, then chairman, of the Rules Committee, and determined at any cost to purge him.

This was accomplished when the President sent into the O'Connor district in Manhattan his most trusted executioner, Flynn of the Bronx. Judge Howard Smith of Virginia, the present Rules chairman, has the House go to the Smith committee to secure a "rule," which admits them to the floor and to a vote. Sponsors of the bills are required to show good reason for their adoption, and the Rules Committee may or may not deem them worthy of attention by the House itself. The Rules Committee may be overruled only by a two-thirds vote of the House. I haven't the entire record of the Rules Committee in the present session before me but a few of the measures that the committee and Chairman Smith eliminated during the last days of this session were these; THE COMMUNITIES Facilities bill, a huge pork barrel affair amounting to more than two billion dollars, which was given its rule and which Smith himself succeed ed in beating on the floor.

1 A water pollution bill which if passed would have cost another billion in 10 years. The Rules gentlemen believed that since not all pollution was confined to Washington, the local communities should care for their own problems of that nature. A food stamp bill amounting to another billion and also an immense omnibus housing bill with a potential charge of $2,420,000,000. There were some small but nificant killings. Some House member wanted "administrative assistants" just like those of senators.

This proposal was tabled. There was an "omnibus" bill for new judgeships. Apparently after what Chairman Smith has seen of recent Supreme Court decisions, he believes that there are altogether too many judges. These billions do not include the many occasions in which the Rules Committee agreed to provide a rule only after a paring down of the sums by the committees of origin. Since all these sums would have added to the national debt, thera would have been' printing of new money and your prices as a consumer as well as your bills as a taxpayer would have been upped.

(Associated Newspapers) If Everyone Had Nuclear Equalizers Integration Blunder David Lawrence President Eisenhower reflected accurately the uneasiness of the whole country on the school "integration" problem when he said to his press conference that he may have told friends re-ceptly in per-sonal conversation that he wished the courts would proceed more slowly with their enforce- associated with him a group of veterans who, like him, cherish the independent traditions of the House and in general adhere to the modern heresy that money doesn't grow on trees. Bills emerging with the blessing of the various committees of by the Supreme Court to nullify state laws governing the right of males only to vote. The courts never said that women were being denied "equal protection of the law" or that their "privileges" as citizens were being infringed under the 14th Amendment. The truth is the 14th Amendment was adopted by a Congress which never had the slightest idea that this would ever be used to impose integration in the schools. For the same Congress that sponsored the 14th Amendment enact-ed a law providing for separate schools for whites and Negroes in the national capital itself.

Small wonder that the people of the South feel they have every right to use any legal method to test the scope of the Supreme Court's 1954 decision by the passage of state laws permitting integration by voluntary means and furnishing financial aid to students to attend private schools if they don't want to attend public schools that are integrated. Yet this very method -of trying to deal with the school problem by new state laws is characterized as in press dispatches reporting that the Arkansas Legislature, by overwhelming vote, had just adopted such laws. There is no "defiance" when the proper legal procedures are utilized. The segregation controversy is no longer sectional People in all i parts of the country, want the matter handled with restraint and with calmness, just as President Eisenhower has counselled. (Copyright New York Herald Tribune) A powerful practical reason for reaching international agreement on development of nuclear weapons has been added to the thinking of the United States, the Soviet Union and Great Britain.

The "monopoly" they have held on nuclear weapons is certain to be broken in the near future by development programs under way in as many as 16 other nations. Their three-way advantage is as certain to be taken away from them as the oneway advantage held "by the United States from the end of World War II to the autumn -of 1949, when it became known that Russia also had developed an atomic bomb. Even before that, in 1947, a Russian spokes-. man had boasted that the' "secret" of the A-bomb had ceased to' exist. Communist China, West Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Sweden, Israel, Japan, India, Belgium, Australia, Czechoslovakia, France and Canada all are believed to be developing nuclear weapons of their own.

Once possessed of such weapons, all of them would become equals in power to destroy. That is the historic significance of nuclear weapons, the characteristic that makes them unique. Their power to destroy is abo-lute. It is not dependent on masses of manpower, industrial potential, or military forces in being: It is dependent on nothing but ability to strike a first blow, and even a small nation could develop that ability with a handful of planes and crews, or a few scattered missile bases. Nuclear fission and fusion are destined to be to strategic warfare what the revolver was in an earlier day, when it was dubbed the "great equalizer," because it erased the advantage formerly held by the few who possessed rifles.

-The "power politics" that the United States' and Russia have been playing against each other will cease to be a duel and turn into a free-for-all if the governments now working on nuclear weapons reach the same level of ability to destroy. One sudden attack by an unknown assailant could precipitate nuclear warfare. One irresponsible government, using nuclear warfare as a blackmail jthreat, could terrorize the world. It has been this possibility, ironically, that is spurring other nations to catch up to the United States, Russia and Britain. They do not relish the possibility of getting caught in a nuclear-era crossfire with no ability to bar-' gain for their security.

If the United States, the Soviet Union and Great Britain now see their way clear to the beginning of restrictions on nuclear weapons, it will be explainable by self-interest more than idealism the self-interest that is the only workable basis for international agreements. Cooper Still Tall in Saddle By Hal Boyle heads. 'Then ydn won't have so t- .1 NEW YORK Gary Cooper still rides tall in the saddle of time. After 30 years of stardom, the veteran actor still seems as age Personal Purely By Truman Twill uiuui iu wiury auout. "You owe it to yourself and everybody around you to keep in' the best possible shape.

TODAY COOPER is one of the most relaxed men in the motion picture industry, or at least he gives that impression. He sees acting as a satisfying career in itself, and "has no deep urge to become an active director-producer, although he picks his less as the sagebrush he has ridden through so often in making more than 100 major films." What is the secret of his durability? Cooper said it was very sim- Ridgedale Opening Marks Ma jor Victory Whether they admit it or hot. virtually own roles. "Actors are happier now than when everybody in the movie business was riding a great big gravy boat," he observed. "You know, one studio in its offices here had an executive dining room that cost it $8,000 a month.

That kind of thing is all over now. "But actors are happier than in the old days because they have more independence. They don't have to do everything everybody tells them. They have more of a choice in their lives. "But the movies are really a wonderful business.

In politics a man often has to step on other fits when the only thing of immediate importance is the increase in social security taxes, which the federal government will spend, leaving IOUs to show where the money went. The most stupendous thing that could happen in the 20th century would be a way to take the salt out of sea water. This would destroy more human distress and the Communist mischief that feeds on distress than anything else men are striving to do. Oh yes, the Soviet Union is hoping to be first in this, too. The next time you wonder why the U.S.

Weather Bureau isn't more specific in its forecasts, remember that Florida got on its ear last year when hurricane warnings scared off millions, of dollars' worth of corn-fed tourists. The most stimulating conversation I've had lately was with a man who thinks if he bears down he could earn a doctorate in his favorite subject before he is 75. I cannot get over the uneasy feeling I've seen Orval Faubus before and lately it is getting to be clear where it was in the history books. For fishermen with xa conscience, here's a variation: "I don't know how big he was, but he broke an eight-pound-test line when he got away." Speaking of silly seasons, I cannot recall any time in the past when tomato plants set out on Memorial Day were still blooming on Labor Day, though only a few tomatoes had ripened. HAL boyle pie.

He just had to learn when to stop saying and starting saying "whoa!" Two bouts of illness, he said, taught him this lesson. One came in 1931, when a siege of jaundice, after years of overwork, almost ended his career. The other was an ulcer attack' in 1949. The two experiences taught him the value of relaxing. IN 1931, a doctor warned him he had to quit for a while if he wanted to stay alive.

Gary had been working on pictures night and day, and his weight had dropped from 180 to 147. "I dropped everything, broke my contract, went to Africa and did nothing but loaf and hunt for six months," he recalled. "It was one of the happiest times of my life." Here's his two -point program for mental and physical health: "Try to keep from making bone- A congressional session is like hitting yourself on" the head with a' hammer. It feels better when it stops. For the first time in my life, I am going to enjoy saying "Farewell" to summer, and so is the lawnmower.

s. It is not easy to believe in the sincerity of public figures who talk about lifting the yoke of op-. press'ion from foreigners yet do not lift a finger to lighten the burden of their own countrymen. Could it be that some baseball investors took it for granted that the good old national game didn't need to go after, customers, because they were under a patriotic obligation to turn out? I suppose there must be as many versions of what lies at the heart of the county, fair as there are people. To me a smalltown boy the nostalgic nub of the institution is the dum-tee-dum-dum of a hootchie-koochie show with a couple of curvesome beauties out front tantalizing us- yokels.

Did irony ever get any deeper than hair-splitting over how much noise jet aircraft will be allowed to make in the vicinity of airports they are destined to make more important than ever before! The first time it was cold enough to see your breath at 7 I remembered what I'd been forgetting all summer. This was the year I was going to buy a coal shovel with a long if such a thing, is purchasable. I strongly resent the emphasis on increased social security bene- GRIN AND BEAR IT peopie. 10 get eiectea ne may have to make so many promises that when he finally does get into office he can't move. "I am very proud of the movie business, and I respect it.

You Lawrence ment orders. The truth is the whole situation is badly confused. The Supreme Court of the United States itself used an ambiguous phrase when, in 1955, it ordered the desegregation of the schools "with all deliberate speed." What 'is meant by "deliberate" and what is meant by The U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals at St. Louis two weeks ago interpreted this to mean it must ignore realities the demoralization in the class-rooms of Little Rock's Central 'High School and regard only the "legalities." Will the Supreme Court, which itself has yielded to psychological considera-.

tions before, ignore them now? BUT THE REAL blunder was written into the pages of history by the Supreme Court in its 1954 decision when it frankly abandoned all pretense of deciding the ques-tion of desegregation on the basis of legal' rulings of the past and introduced an "intangible factor" by declaripg that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal." This is an example of what the Conference of State Chief Justices undoubtedly had in mind when, by a vote of 36 to 8, it declared in a resolution adopted last week that the Supreme Court was trying to render decisions on the basis not of what is necessarily constitutional but on "what it may deem desirable." IT ISN'T the function of the Supreme Court to do this. In fact, Judge Learned Hand of New York, famous member of the U.S. Circuit Court -of Appeals, now retired, warns that the Supreme Court has been taking on the aspect of a "third legislative chamber." One of the most tragic things about the whole integration controversy has been the tendency to minimize the feeling of the people of the South and to look upon their attitude intolerantly, as merely a disrespect for law or for the Constitution. The South's case has never been presented as fully in the North as it deserves and those who have attempted to give the South's arguments have been denounced as prejudiced or inflammatory. Atty.

General William P. Rog- ers, in an address this week to the American Bar Association, issued a timely warning when he said: "No one should try to minimize the problems of local adjustment posed in certain areas by these decisions. "All of us must be mindful that for some, communities the principle of law declared is one which runs against long-ingrained habits, customs, and practices, which were thought to be consistent with the Constitution. MOST REGRETTABLE, of is the general unfamiliari-ty, exhibited in so many quarters, with the difference between a court decision and a federal law. Thus, for instance, when Gov.

Faubus, in addressing the Arkansas Legislature this week, pointed out that the women citizens of America had. not been given the vote by a court decree but by a-constitutional amendment, many people were surprised. They didn't realize that the 14th Amendment was never construed don't have to double-cross anybody to get ahead in it, you don't have to attack people, or put the squeeze on them. "You do have to stand up and fight for your own ideas, but isn't that good for anybody?" (The Associated Press) News of Other Years Ridgedale board, officials and teachers, the parents and students on their achievement. May the first -year in the new building be a banner one! Atonement Paradoxically, it the atheistic, royalty, hating Russian Communists who dominate the one activity dealing with symbolic kings, queens and bishops.

This activity is chess. There may be some question about whether the United States or Russia is ahead in the space race and the cold war, but in world chess competition the Russians, have been tops for years. One reason is that the Russian government makes wards of its best chess players, freeing them from the neces-sity of earning a living. But this year the United States came up with a thess sensation of its own 15-year-old Bobby Fischer of Brooklyn, N.Y., who won the U.S. championship.

Young Bobby and James Sherwin, U. S. international master, are now competing at Portoroz, Yugoslavia, -in an International Tournament. The latest word is that the Russians are still ahead. Their fellow Americans wish Bobby and Sherwin well in this cold war of wits.

Who knows? Iq years to come, Bobby might yet wrest the world chess championship for our country and atone for By H.L Phillips to join him in any such vacation as he is forced to endure. "GENTLEMEN, YOU KNOW better than anybody else that a vacation in the true sense is never permitted me, least of all by you boys. "My doctors and advisers all say that in view of my two illnesses, I should take things easier and get plenty of rest. But it is plainly for the birds. The burdens are heavier now than when I was in the pink.

"Yes, I may go someplace for a few days. It's a tradition and a custom. I wouldn't want to disappoint the public. It needs MY vacation. Golf relaxation enough? The way I've been scoring lately with Nasser, Gromyko and Khrushchev in every' backswing and a Middle East crisis in every Vacation my eye! Next question!" New York fire department's union has been recognized by the city.

This eases the problems of anybody who always feared a situation where he would have to leap -from roof into a nonunion net. GM is building Deisel locomotives. Let's hope no engineer will stop to turn in the old engine for something with smarter ash trays and new fins. every youngster of school age in Marion County looks forward with some degree of anticipation to the start of the new term next Tuesday and Wednesday. For the high school etudents from a wide area in the northwest section of the county, that eagerness will be magnified many times by the opening of the new $690,000" Ridgedale High School.

This large, modern structure is the product of the first major school consolidation in the county involving the merger of existing high school into a single school. The newbutfding greatly strengthens the entire, system in that section of the county, since the former high school buildings at Meeker and Mbrral now become grade schools. Ridgedale is an outstanding" example of what can be accomplished by interested, dedicated citizens, aided by professional school administrators, to meet a vital educational need. The operation of the new building will be watched with interest throughout the county and this section of the state, since it unquestionably will become the forerunner of similar consolidated high schools elsewhere in the county. We congratulate the county system, the The Once Over Silliest question of the year-was asked at Eisenhower press' session when somebody inquired if he planned to take a vacation and get away from it all" this season.

Ike should have replied: "Let's face it A president is no longer supposed to have even an outside chance of rest and relaxation these days. The people won't stand for it. They do not elect him to White House; they sentence him to four years at hard labor. "A President has the same chance to get a rest as a squirrel on a hot tin knows no eight-hour day or five-day week. "ONCE IX THE WHITE HOUSE, a chief executive cancels out all such vacation joys as choosing his own hideaway, going without shaving for three days, fishing in a dry pond, going clamming in a pair of tattered trunks sleeping away a whole afternoon in-a baggy" hammock on a delapidated porch, and stand-ing on his head in a bird bath with nothing wrapped around him except an old towel.

"The joy of putting up a sign 'Private. Keep Out' and 'Beware of Dog is denied him. He can never be alone. "The great satisfaction of sending 'Wish you were here postcards to people he hardly knows is lost to him, as nobody would wish By George Lichty mer trainingNat Camp Atterbury, Ind. A $15,000 fire destroyed a stock barn on the Edward Snyder farm near Claridon.

The unusually hot weather wilting Marionites and residents of many cities across the country continued, with the temperature here only foup degrees short of the summer's 100-degree record. Daily Bible Thought 40 YEARS AGO Voluntary enlistments in the Navy and Marine corps were abolished for the remainder of the war. French troops consolidated their gains on the left bank of the Som-me River, while American units fighting between Oise and Aisne kept Germans from crossing the Vesle River. More than 1,000,000 letters and other mailed documents were seized in Chicago as the federal government unearthed a sedition plot against this country. 20 YEARS AGO Cleveland police launched a search for a doctor's office involved in the 12-kill-ing torso murder case, after a Chicago waterfront worker claimed to have barely escaped from the maniacal surgical slayer.

A local civic committee launched a program to provide Marion with street sign markers. The newest attempt to mark the streets followed a small beginning of 12 years before. 10 YEARS AGO Seventy-six Marion Star employes were among some 3,500 newspapermen and families attending the Press Day activities of the 94th annual Ohio State Fair in Columbus. Fifty-seven men and five officers of Co. 166th Infantry, Marion unit of the National Guard returned home after two weeks sum "Blessed are the merciful, for they shall obtain mercy." Matt.

5:7. Cruel men have difficulty in living with a guilty conscience. Some commit suicide but they can't escape the accusing finger that way. There is no escape ia this life or the life to come. We will have time to think sometime.

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