Lancaster Eagle-Gazette from Lancaster, Ohio • 3

Soturdoy, September 30, 1978, toncostw oQlt-Conttt, ff I Discovery Recalled Penicillin Hailed As Real 'Miracle' jTree Commission Tips On 'Decline' i In reply to inquiries about Fertilize trees in late fall or tree decline, the Lan- spring. Water during droughts, taster Tree Commission offered Prevent wounds if possible. If tome answers from a leaflet decline begins in a tree, thin out prepared by C.C. Powell, ex- 'he top by selective pruning, tension plant pathologist of Ohio Aerate the soil if needed. If a State University.

tree has been removed due to Powell says, symptoms are decline, do not replant with usually subtle and slow in another of the same type unless developing, Premature fall the cause has been determined Coloration, smaller and 'ewer and corrected, Powell says. I 1 leaves, early leaf drop are early symptoms. As the condition worsens, some Drancnes mav Khaled Called Humble of the first antibiotic spurred His initial attempts to purify work on other drugs that these penicillin and produce it in people can use. quantity failed, however. Then Penicillin's journey from work at Oxford University re-Fleming's Petri dish to medical suited in the first stable penicil-use owes much to World War II.

tin and a method to produce Learning how to produce the enough of it for human tests, antibiotic in large quantities re- Because of their contributions, suited from what was once Drs. Howard Florey and Ernest called a medical Manhattan Chain shared the 1945 Nobel Project, after the program that prize for medicine with Flem-produced the atomic bomb. ing. In 1941, British researchers It has been widely believed asked Americans to see if they that the first human treated could help make penicillin to with penicillin was a British po- treat war wounds. The U.S.

ef- liceman who died of blood poi- fort, centered at a Department soning 10 days after being given of Agriculture lab in Peoria, the small amount of the drug combined government and available. jjlie, beginning at the top of the jtree and progressing downward. J. Leaf scorch or edge browning Spay occur. Leaf scorch can also result from relatively minor drought problems.

Trees suffering from decline may survive definitely, or may die within a CLEVELAND (AP) An Arabic resident at Cleveland year or two. Trees most conv nonly affected are sugar and Clinic, who befriended Saudi Norway maple, ash and oak. Arabia's King Khaled during a I Decline can result from 1971 examination at the hospital, anything that restricts, says the king is "extremely damages or impairs root or nice, extremely humble." vascular systems of maples. Khaled, 64, returned to the private scientists to find mass By WARREN E. LEARY AP Science Writer WASHINGTON (AP) When Dr.

Alexander Fleming returned from a holiday to his cramped office laboratory, he found the cluttered workbench he had left and much more. Hidden in the papers, test tubes, bottles and dishes was one of the greatest discoveries in medical history. Back to work at London's St. Mary's Hospital, Fleming started straightening papers, rearranging bottles and discarding old nutrient-smeared laboratory plates used to grow bacteria. The quiet, ever-meticulous man inspected each dish before discarding it and one arrested his attention.

Before going on vacation, he had put a drop of staphylococcus culture on the dish and expected to see little bacterium colonies growing all over the plate. But somehow a mold got into the dish and in the area where it was growing, bacterium clusters were absent or beginning to dissolve. Fleming identified the mold as a species of Penicillium and identified a byproduct it secreted that killed harmful bacteria. Fleming's discovery was 50 years ago this month and he named it penicillin. Now, that event is hailed as a medical milestone.

It resulted in the first human antibiotic, the first of the so-called "miracle drugs." Fleming, who died in 1955 at age 74, said years after the discovery: "People have called it a miracle. For once in my life as a scientist 1 agree. It is a miracle, and it will save lives by Late spring frosts or summer clinic Wednesday and awaits droughts that deplete food further medical tests and pos-reserves also lead to decline. sible heart surgery. The king, a In many cases, a combination key figure in gaining Arab ac-of causes may be involved, ceptance of the latest Middle Some of the factors involved East peace effort, was to have flight be: salt injury from undergone coronary bypass sur-winter use of salt; root cutting gery today at the Cleveland while putting in trenches or Clinic, said a surgeon who op-foundations; trunk wounding by erated on him there in 1972.

Careless use of mower or But Friday the hospital issued However, Dr. George Kauff-man of California State University says the first use of penicillin in a human took place four months earlier in the United States. In an article in Chemistry, a magazine of the American Chemcial Society, Kauffman says a group of researchers from Columbia University injected crude low-potentency penicillin into Aaron Alston on Oct. 15, 1940. at New York's Presbyterian Hospital.

Although Alston died of infection, the researchers realized that the mold extracted in sufficient amounts would cure similar cases. production techniques. This resulted in better mold strains, new growth mediums and methods of fermentation in giant vats instead of laboratory bottles. U.S. penicillin production went from zero in 1941 to thousands of grams a month in 1945.

Without the war incentive, many experts agree, the revolution of antibiotics would not have occurred so quickly and millions would have died. The discovery that began the revolution was more than pure chance. Fleming's research had been devoted to finding such an agent and he had been looking a longtime. SIR ALEXANDER Fleming, the discoverer of penicillin, Is equipment; soil fill or removal a terse statement, the first from under tree canopy; soil official word since his arrival, compaction; air pollutants; saying, "Officials of the returning Irom a holiday to work in his cramped office lab at London's St. Mary's Hospital, that he discovered the mold that was to lead to the first human antibiotic, the first of the so-called miracle drugs.

(AP Laserphotol plural gas leaks into soil at- mosphere; herbicide injury; the king of Saudi Arabia is to wag so "ears ago when he was (repeated droughts; excess soil have an operation, the date has moisture; repeaded defoliations not been scheduled. The king (perhaps due to insect damage has been admitted to the Cleve- hail): fertility imbalance; or land Clinic for completion of 'girdling roots. studies." Ji Because of the varied causes The Associated Press learned Underground Cables OU-L Art Gallery Exhibition Opens decline it is difficult to pin- it took most of the day to clear uoint the cause without an on- that simple statement at "the site examination of the diseased highest level" of the Saudi Ara A 'Thorny' Problem tree. The trees should be bian government, and that even carefully examined. Careful the defense minister of mat na observing or dieeinn around the tion had to check the wording.

it still ntir wnrk Cnrre lower trunk and root area may surgery was noi expected anywhere from several hours to during the weekend. But even then Fleming did not often reveal the cause a few days, depending on the cable size," Lally explained. see the full ravifications. "It was one of the most sig- Attempt to find out whether there has been drought in the area, construction or soil filling, Meanwhile, Dr. Muhammad S.

Mustafa, a Palestinian who once taught mathematics in Saudi Arabia, reflected on his water table changes, or her A cut cable exposes between in medi-25 and 2,700 telephone wires. e- 'f Each pair must be spliced by Sector of Johns Hopkins Me- exhibition is circulated by the Statewide Arts Services Program of the Ohio Foundation on the Arts Inc. The program is supported by its friends, members, the Ohio Arts Council, the National Endowment for the Artsandothera gene ics Gallery hours at the campus are Monday through Thursday, 4-7 m. and from 3-6 p.m. Sunday.

The Bracquemond exhibit will continue through Oct. 29. The public is invited at no charge. service," said Ohio Bell's Tom Lally. "A call to our toll-free make the difference between a working or non-working telephone," Lally said.

Lally said accidentally cut cable is one of the thorniest problems Ohio Bell faces in maintaining telephone service. Since last April the 614 calling area, which includes Lancaster and 13 other towns, has Bustling activity during this year's construction season has caused an upsurge in cutting of underground telephone cable, according to Ohio Bell. As a result, the company asks that individuals and companies doing major or minor excavation work first call its toll-free hotline number for the location of buried phone lines. "Scores of building contractors every year inadvertently cut through buried bicide usage. Check surrounding first meeting with Khaled after hand and tested Delore the nm damaged cable can be put back vegetation to see if a general learning ne wouia ieaa a aeie-environmental stress or toxic gation of local Arab-Americans condition exists.

to an audience with the king at The best control approach is to an unspecified time. eulogy uivimuii. ii saveu an enormous number of lives and helped countless more in reduc into service. ing suffering from infection. Slashing a telephone cable determine the specific causal Mustafa.

38, said that during factors and attempt to correct the 1971 visit Khaled rose de- Without a doubt, it changed also can cut into your pocket- the whole course of medicine. them. Where this cannot be averaged 60 to 80 lacerated telephone cable while digging. The Visual Arts Gallery of Ohio University-Lancaster begins its second year with the "Felix Bracquemond and the Etching Process" exhibition openingOct.2. Sponsored by John Carroll University and Wooster College, this exhibition focuses on one of the major printmakers of the nineteenth century.

The collection emphasizes an exploration of original drawings and working states to give a clear indication of the creative process involved in making etchings. Felix Bracquemond was actively involved in one way or another with the leading artists of this time: Manet, Courbet, Degas, and Toulouse-Lautrec. He was not only their friend, but often the instigator and organizer of their activities. He was a major influence in (he etching revival of the second half of the nineteenth century. The collection of original prints and drawings, assembled by the artist-etcher John Taylor Arms, is a gift of Ward M.

and Mariam C. Canaday. The book since Uie cost to make ft standai.r't repairs will be charged to the cnairrnan pnarrriacoU)Ry department at Georgetown lini- versity School of Medicine. "A 1 people have to do is call ve fiR o( us tally said, and our crews in millions." ill mark he locations of buried probal)lv nad ils telephone facilities within range all.st oftheiract.v.tiesatnocharge. moma most common causes of death.

It also The toll-free phone number is helped control general in-used by Ohio Bell in cooperation rheumatic fever, scar- As a result, phone circuits cables per month, linking hospitals, schools, "Even though restoral efforts businesses and homes on oc- begin immediately, and con- casion have been put out of tinue non-stop until completion. It's Not Dirt It's Soil At Laboratory vouuy irom ms sick Dea to pray five times a day, with the young resident rising with the king to turn the prayer mat to face Mecca. Mustafa said, "He is 64, very pious, and unlike what many people think, he has only been married to one woman. He prays five times a day, is extremely nice, extremely humble." The King's retinue of 300 persons including princes, wives, children, bodyguards and at determined, a more general Sontrol program must be un-ertaken. 'Dream' Ends With Burglary MONTGOMERY, Ohio AP r- Only a few months after rea- Joi'ciry fashions, JJ tendants has been spreading being" his own'boss, Jim Walters b' ML1' per acre.

Apply 15 pounds or with the Ohio Utilities feVer, syphilis and go-nitrogen per acre in the fall. Protection Service to receive nnrrhea. Then apply the recommended reports of all excavation af- An estimated 8 to 10 percent of nitrogenamounlinthespring." feeling underground utility people are allergic to forms of Farmers and homeowners facilities. penicillin now. But Ihesuccesses have to take care to get a representative sample, Watson said.

lias been forced to close the gas station he wanted for so long. Walters was forced to close his WOOSTER, Ohio (AP) To most of us, it's dirt. To Maurice E. Watson, it's soil. Watson heads the Research-Extension Analytical Laboratory here, where farmers and homeowners can get chemical analysis of their soil.

"Dirt is soil out of place like on your shoes," Watson said. Staff member of the lab analyze about 50.000 soil samples a year, as many as 800 a day, for acidity and various minerals. The service includes professional advice on what to add to the soil for best results with a particular crop. For farmers it costs $3, and for $3.50. a mailer kit can be obtained from the local Cooperative Extension Serv Homeowners should take five to six cores of soil, about 3 inches deep, put them in a clean plastic bucket and mix well.

Partners should lake 15 to 20 cores at plow depth for each 10-acreplot. Watson advises that soil be tested every three years. Since the lab is swamped with samples in the spring, he encourages people to send in their samples during the fall. In most cases, a sample is processed and the results are in the mail after three or four working days. generally living the good life.

But, Mustafa said, "A lot of people out of ignorance think a plane load of people are here throwing away money. That is very bad." He said the huge entourage is needed to advise Khaled and carry on the affairs of state during a politically key time in the Mideast. "It's true he is a rich man from a rich country," Mustafa said. "But he is also an elderly man, ill, who must play an important role in world polit ics and economics. These are nice people who don't run wild in the streets, don't drink and pay their bills more generously than some." Mustafa said he and the king have discussed several things, including politics.

"I do not think the king and his government or (Jordan's King) Hussein and his government agree with Camp David," Mustafa said. "Because it is a bilateral agreement, the leeling ice. After each sample arrives at station after burglars last weekend cleaned out his station iaking what he estimated to be about $25,000 worth of equipment and supplies. "It'll take four years to pay off. but I hope to have another one," said Walters.

"I'm going out in a blaze of glory, but I'll comeback jut as strong." After the break-in, Walters Jcarned he only had $500 worth bf insurance. "1 thought my business was completely ocvered. I thought I understood the policy," he said. The $500 won't even pay for the box Walters kept his tools in. He said he plans on working two jobs to pay (or the losses, Police are still investigating the break-in at (he gas station in a downtown area of this Cincinnati suburb.

"When they left here, they must have had a truckload, Wallers said. Tow chains, the wheel balance machine, three tool boxes, headlights, the calculator and refrigerator and numerous auto parts were missing from the station, Walters said. the lab. it is dried and ground to uniform particle size. Then it is 17 I 1 1 dissolved and passed through HiIlCrgY 13111 filter paper.

The liquid that's left is then run through a series UlSCOlltllS Results of the tests are fed Due Monday into a computer, which prints out an analysis with recommendations of how much lime and fertilizer to apply. While the service is used i 9 is the Israelis were smart to isolate Egypt out of the Arab mainly by farmers, about 7.000 front But splitting the peace is-, homeowners each year have sue like this does not help li garden or lawn soil analyzed could lead to Watson showed one typical WATCH THIS ENTERTAINMENT BONANZA PROM HBO: ie-or fucimarioM oitioo By Don Wendel, Jr. Member American Gem SOCIETY DEATH OF THE FAMILY JEWELS A safe deposit box is no better than a coffin for your beautiful jewelry. You can't enjoy buried jewelry. Resurrect it.

Wear it. If it no longer suits your taste, have your jeweler design a new look for it. Fine jewelry is mode to last. However, times ond styles do chonge, so your ring or brooch or brocelet may lose its appeal. Your jeweler can reset the stones in new mounting to give you an entirety new piece.

You might want several pieces made from the stones in one large old item. Or you might wont vour major stone accented with the addition of small diomonds or colored stones. Jewelry that is worn every day, such os wedding and engagement rings, will show wear over the years. To protect your stones, you should have the mountings checked occasionally to make sure the prongs ore still secure and that no area of the mounting is wearing too thin. If your jewelrv does need reinforcement work, you may opt for on entirely new setting.

The whole idea behind the choice is that you receive maximum enjoyment from your jewelry. Our jewelry design consultants ot Wendel can help you select new look for your ontiquoted jewelry pieces. We're American Gem Society jewelers, ond we know oil about gems ond metals ond how to moke them work together for truly fine, well-mode jewelry. Having favorite jewel re-styled it on excellent idea for Christmas, but do plan early os this per-sonallized craftsmanship does require time. ftended Jewelers Since 1906 Downtown limsfct Swfc Broed el Chestmri Street Although deadline for the Ohio energy discount program is Oct.

applications will tie accepted at the Fairfield County Auditor's Office until Oct. 2, because of the weekend date. Eligible persons interested in applying for assistance in payment of their 1978-79 winter heating bill must file with the Ohio Dept. of Taxation (renters) or county auditor (homeowners) to receive he discount Eligibility is based on being head of a household; over 65 by Dec. 31, 1978 or be totally and permanently disabled at any age; must have a total annual income of less than $7,420 for 1977 or an expected total income of less than that for 1978 The discount provides a 25 percent reduction on utility bills lor the billing months of December through April.

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example. A resident of the Cleveland suburb of North Olmstead sent in soil from a vegetable garden planted with "general vegetables," squash, peppers and eggplant. The computer printout offered this advice: "No lime Is needed now. Test results indicate that your soil is in a high state of fertility. Should you wish to apply fertilizer, use 10 to 15 pounds of a fertilizer such as 12-1212 or equivalent per 1.000 feet." And it goes on in more detail.

For the farmer, the service can be critical. It can help him Increase the yield or explain why a crop failed. A Preble County farmer growing soybeans received recommendations on how much lime, nitrogen, phosphate and potash to apply to each acre of land. In addition, the printout offered this advice: "Phosphate is more effective when placed through drill at planting On light-colored or imperfectly drained soils, apply an additional 50 pounds nitrogen SOMETHING ELSE FOR YOU HBO is a real bargain. Just consider the cost of going oul to see anyone of the doens of events thai you'll see on HBO each and every month.

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