The Pleasant Grove Review from Pleasant Grove, Utah • 2

PLEASANT GROVE REVIEW rjjgr On the Funny NAMING THE BABY Jane, secretary to an attorney, went to call ona dear friend, Mrs. and her new-bor- daughter. She was met at the door by little William, full of news about the new sister. "Well, what have you named her?" asked Jane. Suddenly an aggrieved expression overspread his happy face, and almost In tears he replied "Oh I wanted to name her Spot, but muvver wouldn't" Indianapolis News.

Qieij Gave Us Our TLoUdairivHr ft Lrnmlk ymj SarfiScha Hale py yju Amm "Home for Thanksgiving" from Print 4 By ELMOSCOTT WATSON A SK ten Americans "Why do we cele-- brate Thanksgiving on thelast Thurs- day In November?" and nine ofthem feyy probably will answer "Why, that's because the Pilgrim Fathers who es- "tablished it celebrated it then." And I I I that, like so many of our "popular VjJ beliefs," Is only a half-trut- at best. It's true thatthe Pilgrim Fathers were principallyresponsible for Thanksgiving day being a red-lett- day on our calendars. But it's also true that we owe the establishment of Thanksgiving day as a national holiday ona certain date (certain to the extent that It always occurs on thelast Thursday in November) mainly to twopersons, a man and a woman, to Abra- hamLincoln and Sarah Josepha Hale. But before discussing their part in the matter of establishing this popular national holiday, let's check up a bit on the history of the development of Thanksgiving. The story of the first New EnglandThanksgiving, from which our present-da- celebration Is a direct descendant, Is familiar to allAmericans how that first winter of the Pilgrims In America hadbeen a terrible one ofcold and sickness which had left only 55 of thelittle company of 101 alivewhen the spring of 1621 came around, how all through the summer they watchedwith the greatest anxiety the progress of the crops they had sown, and how when autumn came there was a bountiful harvest.

Then, according to Mourt's "Relation, or Jour- nalof the Plantation at "Our harvest being gotten in, our Gouvenour sent foure menon fowling, that so we might after amore speclall manner rejouce together, after we had gathered the fruit of our labours; they foure In one day killed as much fowle. as with a little helpe besides, served the Company almost a week, at which time amongst other Recreations, we exercised our Armes, many of theIndians coming amongst us, and amongst the rest their greatest King Massasoyt, with some ninetie men, whom for three dayes we entertained and feasted, and they went out and killed five Deere, which they brought to thePlantation and bestowed on our Gouvernour, and upon the Cap-tain- and others." The popular view Is that this "first Thanksgiving" was the beginning of a series of such celebrations every year. But thefact is that the following year, 1622, no such observance occurred. In 1623 a day of thanksgiving was held but not In the autumn and not In connection with the harvest. It was observed on July 30 and had to do with the safe arrival of a shipload of provisions from England.

From then on for decades Thanksgiving was observed In most Irregular fashion. Some years were skipped; some years had more than one celebration sometimes forthe arrival of ships, more often for victory over the Indians, as In the Instance of quelling the Pequots In 1637 and the defeat of King Philip In 1676. It was not until 16S9 that the Massachusetts general court Issued the first recorded formal Thanksgiving proclamation. During the Revolutionary war the people and the army observed an annual Thanksgiving day by proclamation of the Continental congress, but after peace was declared it was discontinued until 17S9. In that year a new element came into the observance of Thanksgiving and one which has survived in the present celebration.

That was the Presidential proclamation of a Thanksgiving day for the whole nation and it was George Washington, the first President, who issuedsuch a proclamation setting aside Thursday, November 26, 17S9, as the day. It so happenedthat Thursday, November 26, was the last Thursday In November that year and that fact was to have an important bearing on the later history of Thanksgiving day, as we shall see farther on In this article. But although Washington was the first to issue a Presidential proclamation for a national Thanksgiving did not establish a precedent which was followed consistently. During his second administration, he again issued a Thanksgiving proclamation. On January 1, 1705, In Philadelphia, which was then the national capital, he called upon his fellow Americans to "set apart and observe Thursday, the nineteenth day of February next, asa day of public thanksgiving and prayer, and on that day to meet together and render their sincere and hearty thanks to the Great Ruler of Nations for" a long list of blessingswhich the country was then enjoying.

The example set by Washington was followed by his successor, John Adams, who proclaimed two Thanksgiving days during his administration oneon Wednesday, May 9, 1798, and the other on Thursday, April 25, 1799. This custom, however, was allowed to lapse during the two terms ofThomas Jefferson, but It was revived by James Madison who Issued four such proclamations during his administration. Thefirst one of these set aside thethird Thursday in August of 1812, the second named the second Thursday In September, 1S13, as the day thethird designated Thursday, January 12, 1814, and the fourthand last set asidethe second Thursday In April, 1815. Thus It will be seen that although Thanksgiving days by Presidential proclamation In the main picked upon Thursday as the day of the week for such an observance, the month varied greatly and there was no connection between these Thanksgiving days andthe annual observance established by Pilgrims. No other Presidentsafter Madison seemed to have had occasion for proclaiming a Thanksgiving day and It remainedfor Abraham Lincoln to resume the custom and to link up the proclaimed Thanksgiving day with the Pilgrim custom by establishing the last Thursday In November as a national feast day and a day for giving thanks.

But before adding another star to the crown of the Great Emancipator, heed now the ancient French admonition, "Cherchez la Femme!" It is herethat Sarah Josepha Hale comes Into the Thanksgiving picture. For it was Mrs. Hale, a native of Newport N. known wherever English Is spoken as theauthor of "Mary Had a Little Lamb," editor of the famous magazine, Godey's Lady's Book, and a pioneer In educational and civic problems of her day who, by canvassing the governors of states and territories and reconciling sectional differences, and by appealing constantly to successive about theestablishment of Thanksgiving day as a national holiday on the last Thursday In November. Sarah Josepha Hale was a woman In many respects.

She was the first to advocate women teachers In public schools. She demanded for housekeeping the dignity of a profession, and put the term "domestic science" Into the language. She started thefirst day nursery, and was thefirst to stress the necessity of physical training for her as well as the first to advocate public playgrounds. She founded the first society for the advancement of women's wages, better working conditions for women and the re- ductionofchild labor. As early as 1827 she began advocating a nation-wide observance of Thanksgiving day.

"We have too few holidays," she wrote at that' time. "Thanksgiving, likethe Fourth of July, should be considered a national festival and observed by all our people as an exponent of our republican institutions." But It was not until 1S46 that she began her campaign through the editorial columns of Godey's Lady's Book to hold such a nation-wid- celebration on a certain date and every year from that time on shewaged her campaign. Early in the spring she would write the governors of all the states and territories, and to influential persons everywhere, asking their assistance in making the last Thursday In November, which had been Washington's choice, a universal holiday. In the hope of bringing pressure to bear upon the governors, she next opened correspondence with literally thousands of private persons of Influence, with senators and congressmen and theclergy. In her effort for the establishment of state Thanksgivings she was almost Immediately successful.

By the third year of her campaign, most states and territories wore keeping individual festivals, but no attempt was made to coincide the dates Maine might celebrate and frequently did In September, Virginia In October and Pennsylvania in November. A conglomeration of state holidays, however, was not by any manner of means Sarah Hale's goal. She dreamed of the states joined In a great national observance, and to this end she soon began appealing to whoever happened to be the President in office. Using Washington's single act as a precedent and privately wrote again and again to Fillmore, Pierce and Buchanan, all to no avail. It Was an age when women outside the home were seen and not heard.

She herself at the time was the only successful business woman In the country. Feminine meddling In publicaffairs was not only frowned on but resented. Mrs. Hale was quite aware of this antagonistic attitude. In one of her letters to President Fillmore, now preserved In a public collection at Buffalo, she beggedhis excellency notto be prejudiced against the idea because he was being addressed by a woman He may not have been so prejudiced, but at least he did nothing about It.

Neither did 'Pierce, his successor, nor Buchanan, who preceded Lincoln. Falling with the Presidents, she fell back on her editorials, thus carrying her appeal again directly to the people. As early as 1852 shehad succeeded in whipping 29 states andterritories Into line for the last Thursday of November. Each year all through the seething 50s she proclaimed In Godey's Lady's Book that that day would be Thanksgiving day, and In the main the country kept It with her. The most gigantic civil strife In the history of the world was pending, and political and sectional bitterness was rife.

In 1859, while the storm was brewing, she was more vigorous than ever with her thanksgiving plan, In hope that It might help to avert disunion. "If every state," she wrote In an editorial In Godey's, "would Join In union Thanksgiving on the twenty-fourt- of this month, would It not be a renewed pledge of love and loyalty to the Constitution of the United States which guarantees peace, prosperity, progress and perpetuity to our great Republic?" So in 1859 an almost universal Thanksgiving day was kept, not In response to a Presidential proclamation but be- causea woman asked It. In 1861, with the smokeof battle darkening the land, Mrs. Hale begged for a "Thanksgiving Day of Peace," but there was no peace. In 1S62 she again failed, but In 1S63 she won after 17 years.

It came about In this way. In the September number of Godey's she wrote: "Would It not be better that the proclamation that appoints Thursday the twenty-sixt- of November (1SG3) as the day of Thanksgiving for the people of the United States of America should, In the first Instance, emanate from the President of the Republic to be applied by the governors ofeach and every state, In acquiescence with the Chief Executive advisor?" On the twenty-nint- of September she received from Seward, Lincoln's secretary of state, an answer to her letter to the President, stating that It was receiving official attention. Four days later, Abraham Lincoln Issued the first national Thanksgiving day proclamation since Washington's day. In it he so the last Thursday in November Is hereby set apart as a day of thanksgiving and praise." That set the precedent and Lincoln followed It up the next year. 1801, by naming the same date (the last Thursday) In his second andlast regular Thanksgiving day proclamation.

Since that time other Presidents have never deviated from the custom, nor have governors of the states. As for Sarah Josepha Hale, "(he Mother of Thanksgiving," so long as she remained editor of Godey's Lady's Book (she resigned In December, 1S77), she stood guard over her cherished holiday. Had It not been for her. in the yeara of civil strife and reconstructionthe precedent set by Lincoln might very wellhave been put aside, but by the time shelaid down her editorial pen, in iter ninetieth year, tho custom had been firmly established. Thanksgiving dayhad taken lis place in the hearts of nil the people and on the calendar of the nation for all time to com by Wosturn Nowiwor Union.) The home producer', on His kindness never endi He sell, to please.

knw It's fun to buy froo W(nJ PATRONIZE HOME IND, CANT BE BOUGHJL THIS WEEK'S PRE, Loyalty strengthen! chili strong characters are most treat states and institotiom. We can strengthen oar buying: homemade products, i that merit such loyalty; ind our beloved home states (or their beauty, power and ri larity. MRS. IVY i Utah Oil! FEP I Service'- ea i in Utah ASKYOUR DKUGCIlii COUGH SYl NOSE DSO-a- INTERMOUNTAIN Utah High School of Bea- Tbi Biautj Cultiri ProHssan Kia Ton can now learn profesj make you independent for days. IIS per month onl; course of six months.

PM'1 for our catalogue. Mail 1 NAME ADDRESS $3.00 on should us. Goods" Similar to In your story icrmountoin ProU Lak Citr; Box 1555. Salt story appears in lhj column you will ccivo check for Week No. 3346 LACKED ROMANCE Dolly Wasn't It awful! Grace got beyand her depth and Daisy Yes yes? Dolly And was brought to shore by a fat man with a wife and nine Children BrooklynEagle.

Sensitive She had tried on pair after pair and found some fault with them all. With a pair of conservative black calfskin oxfords on she viewed her trim feet In the mirror and sighed with disappointment "It's the heels," she said, "they're so flat and low. They make me look so sensible." "Rut why should you mind, tf you're really not?" comforted the perspiring salesman. "But that's just It," complained the harassed lady. "You see, I am." Boston Transcript.

Pow'ful Stuff "Hear you had some trouble on yur tour." "Yes, I ran out of gas while crossing a mounbiln, and a moonshiner Insisted I could use some ofhisstuff that would do Just as well as gas." "Did It?" "Well, it ate oh the gas tank be- foreI'd gone three miles." Cincinnati Enquirer. Ingenious Norah There was a crash in the kitchen. The mistress found the maid and little Margaret gazing at something on the floor. "Oh, mother," exclaimed the child, "just see the lovely jig-sa- puzzle Norah has made out of one of the new plates." Part Time Cleorge Have you got the time? Jack Part of It; the hourhand's iiilSHlng from my watch, but It's ten minutes to something. Rare Books to Han A large collection of maps recently presented vard university includes accounts of early vegetl" explorations in In Old Quebec Along thebanks of the mighty St Lawrence river are tiny French-Canadia- villages where the Inhabitants live as they did in the days of the first seigneurs, the women busy at ancient spinning wheels and hand looms and the men toiling In the fields.

Tourists visit Quebec because It Is a visit to an old world remaining almost untouched by modern civilization and yet resting almost at their very doors. Size of a is a land off' eight million square m'1 a seventh of the total It the world, and has a approximately one fujj fifty million persons. First United States Cotton According to McMaster, cotton In 1784 was never seen growing In the United States to any extent at the time of the Revolutionary war except In gardens among rosebushes and vines. A little had been sent to jyverpool five years before the beginning of the war. In 1784 eight bags were sent to Liverpool, but the customs officers seized them, claiming 'that It was well known that so much cotton could never have come from America.

Church Built of Wiij Originally a conserve of old wine casks, a (. church stands in the of California. The rounded by a vineyarr center of a grapegrow1 Popular Mechanics Ma Cut Flowers Cut flowers require fresh air and fresh water. The container shouM always be cleanandthe flowers placed In a cool place each night. The water should be changed once each day and the ends of the stems cut with a sharp knife.

Bruised and dead parts shouldbe removed as soon as they become evident Cut flowers will keep better In clean, cold water than any other medium. Won Remarkable Waer The books of some of the old Londonclubs contain particulars of astounding wagers. One bet made between two members nearly two hundred years ago was a thousand pounds to a toothpick that the next man tomount the stairs would not fall down and break his leg. Astounding as It may seem, the next member who went up tripped over the top step, fell, and was picked up with a broken leg. Similar to U.

S.fi A curious anomaly covered in New Zealai Auckland. It was that11 mum penalty for stealij tide from a vessel in p1 teen years' imprisonme? maximum penalty for i. vessel itself is only two prisonment. Lafayette'sFamily Name Elbrldge S. Broks, writing of the name "Lafayette," says: "The old family name of 'Motler ran away back to beforethe year 1000.

But when about thattime one of the Motiers became possessed of a little farm called 'Villa or 'Payette-vllle- he tackedthis estate on his name and became'Motlerof La Explaining "Lloyds" Lloyds, thefamous British Institution, is not an Insurance company at all. It Is an Insurance exchange. It Is the meeting place of Insurance brokers and 13 comparable In a general way to a stock exchange. When ItIs statedthat Insurance Is taken out at Lloyds, the statement means that Insurance has been placed with oneor more brokers or companies dealing at Lloyds. Or an Adole-sce- "Perfume," quotes a reader of the New York Post, 'has played an Important part In the growth of kindness in the Please Inform me, was theauthor of this aromatic statement a psychologist?" "Not necessarily," sniffs the editor.

"He may Just be an old scentlmentalist." Dog Retrieves Live Bird How a gentle Alsatian named Tiger retrieved a live canary, has been reported from Lane Cove, N. S.W. Thebird In Its cage was placed on tlie lawn, and when It found the door open, escaped. Tiger, dozing on the lawn, saw the pet flying among the flowers. He sprang and caught It In his jaws.

Taking It Into the house. Tiger laid the canary, unharmed, at his master's feet. Tides in Biyei-- The Amazon river is affected by the tides as the town of Obidos, Stal Brazil, 400 miles from The Mississippi river Red River Landing, Parish, 307 nulis mouth. Ancient Wills A will written on papyrus, and prepared about B. O.

2550 In Egypt, is theoldest one known. By Its terms a priest left his property to a fellow priest. Both Greece and Rome had manuscript wills. In the Seventh century wills In parts of Europe were written on bark, Need to Know Antartt The most practical explorers can do in tw says one geography fl the weather-makin- 4 there, which so vitally tralia and other sout tinents. "Vernacular" and "Language" Vernacular is the common homely speech of a country or section of a country, or a particular group of people; speech thatcontains words and phrases common to certain localities or groups of persons.

Language Is the general body of words and phrases used by all persons of a particular language group. "Northers" Gales of north winds are known as "northers." In southern states they blow across Texas to the following the passage of a low area or cyclone. The contrast In temperature is generally very marked as the preceding winds are warm, moist, southerly. Delineation "If character is shown by handwriting how is it thatthe handwriting of most clever men is notoriously been asked. Character Is shown by the slope of the letters, thickness, and general trend, apart from legibility.Clerkly clearness may be merely a mechanical achievement.

Napoleon on Force Do you know what amazes me more than anything Impotence of force to organize anything. There are only two powers in the world, the sword andthe spirit. In the long run the sword will always be conquered by the spirit. Napoleon I. Plenty of SB The post office mates that at least and jeans lost money nually throughjuaJ.

Martyrs It seems to be almost a general rulethat In all religions, except the true, noman will suffer martyrdom who would not also Inflict it willingly on allthat differ with him. The eame zeal for speculative opinions Is the cause ofboth. Hume, History of England. Deadly Plant "I have heard there are plants which give electric shocks; Is this There Is a plant In India upon which birdsand Insects never settlebecause of Its "magnetic" qualities. Any hand breaking off a leaf gets a distinct shock.

London Tit-Bit- 13 areola' i because disease. lv.vw virus of poison bito from liv poison bemff 1110 World's Greatest Calamity The' greatestcalamity In history was tho Black Death, the pestilence which swept over Asia, New Guinea Justice In the native courts of New Guinea, a Judge determines guilt or.