San Francisco Chronicle from San Francisco, California • Page [Blank]

tftMT w3SBBRFi I uBTGS InQ i Mr i ji Hj mJssBhsPssBIBHBkj iiBw mi Sriiii mtLi ft jwrj ebPBBB JtJBEyL WIkJJBjLSBmBbBIi 11111 llllllllllliMCfcjPBMBiiilliB ziwlsHNir fcfHr nA aHsBsSsiHnitjkjBw XmHT sBBM im LLtrMfaftVKf9ft IuC ppKQktaxQkjtWK Jf 1 lAifrtett ZSdKB am 4mVVTStlA dsWfc jsT JtifMJkmSmjJiWii appeals BBilfwfr fti Jt iilBh WwYVSm MmSy intinct KfliABSiK i i itMWH WtBBlS iki wi it verv harjor Profitabl 6 3 nd Patriotic 09 This a food laying type highly recommended for the city poultry raiser Hens of this build are abore the average in weight and meat is an item in war time With Thousands of City Families Planning to Raise Chickens in Their Back Yards Noted Poultry Expert Tells You Just What Profits to Expect and How to Be Sure of Success By GEORGE NEWELL Kottd Poultry Expert and Author of A Revolution in Egg Production I HAT are you going to do with back lot waste space during the war How shall ou utilize the food scraps that even diligent food ecojff omy cannot eliminate The government points the answer in its plea that poultry raising be taken up by crrry one who bat a few aqutre jardaof space In hit back yard City borne ownert nd commuter can do effective stay at borne war work by aitlstlog In tbe production of meat and egft through tbe slmMe expedient of keeping a dozen bent oh their premltet and caring for them lnthelr leisure time at home ECS production It an Industry that rtrala wheat production Poultry growers throughout the United Statet hare pledged the DiUonalgoTernment the production If 00000000 poundt more poultry meat than was produced latt year Tbdt mere margin pf Increase would tupply erery man woman and child In the United Ktatet with cne pound of excellent nourishing foodstuff Tet tbe meat production pbate of pouV try ralauig is a minor one compared with tbe food ralue and economic importance of tbe annual yield of eggs Toultry raiting It Interettlng profitable and patriotic Tboutandt of city people will take It up aa an arocatlon tbe coming year And tbe moat vubatantlal Increase In production la expected from tbe urban dweller tbe man whose back yard watte Macenould comfortably accommodate a dozen bent Ibe man wbo maintains eren one doten fowla on bit own premises snd caret for them In accordance with a few simple weU estabUsbed rules Is asaured of a reasonable margin of profit on every fowl raised The cost of dyold chick of good stock varies from 15to 25 cents each Blue ribbon stock cotneshigher If you plan on raising ten laying hens you should buy thirty chicks to allow for accidents and half being roosters What the City Man Can Be Sure of Getting Poultry raiting It a legitimate Industry Its returns on the tarettment are not fabulous nor eren Invariably great Dut to the man who responds fo the governments appeal for lncreaaed food production by maintaining a few fowls a bla yard these benefits are reasonably assured 1 Strictly fresh eggs egg wbsse fees sad marks value a vastly greater that tkat ef the celd storage variety Meat fiaer eaJ fresher thaa Ike cM storage klad raised asere ekssply tkaa it caa ke purckased tke epea aaay kst 3 A dafialtf aaargia ef areat every desea ef eggs ft peaad ef aseat dispeskd ef 4 Aa avocatiea Uterestiag ta itself sad ea I kaaced ky pabrletU algaificaace Tbe three phases of the undertaking that must engage Immediate attention aret 1 Tke keuslag ef tke fleek Tke arraageaaeata fer feedtag 5 Tke geaeral care aecesaary te iasure geed grewtk aatd aatlsfactery laylag It Is a mistaken notion as tbe government bulletins bare frequently pointed out to assume that a rait amount of space Is necessary tor the maintenance of a few bene The Idea of extensive ranging place is bo doubt descended from the old fash loaed general farm where tbe fowls ranged far afield frequently laying half of their eggs where they were never found and hldlug away to batch brooda that were often drowned by freabeta soon after they left tbe shell or were toon destroyed by tbelr nstural enemies As a matter of fact a small naturally warm outbuilding tight ailed well lighted a very email outdoor area good food and ample water sre sll tbst sre required for satisfactory results A coup capable of accommodating ten or a doson hens can be constructed from Improvised material such a odd pieces of lumber or empty dry goods cases for as low ss 10 Or an old outbuilding or abed fallen Into dlauae can be adapted to the purposes of poul try rsltlng for half that expenditure I do not subscribe to the theory that frequent whitewashing of tbe premises is absolutely necessary But I do believe that at tbe outset tbe interior might well receive a good coat of whitewash This operation msy be repeated at least annually Poultry like bright cheerful looking quarters It it surprising how temperamental the ordinarily prosaic hen can become on occasion And a whitewashed coop Is more unitary and generally satisfactory Ventilation must ha good Quarters too warm or too cold stuffy Or drafty have an adverse effect uKn the health and well being of tbe birds order to prevent diseases of tbe respiratory organs Light accordingly la sometimes provided at tbe ex to provide ventilation from one aide or wall of tbe liense of warmth in tbe winter time as an excessive house only thus eliminating drafts and to keep glass inclokure It a good conductor of temperature Ibe ventilation below the level of the roosting plat The practice haa grown up among large scale form ixmltry growers of hsvlng some portions of the poul try houses protected only with muslin screens Irheae csn be rolled up In tbe daytime and unrolled again in stormy weather or at night This muslin screen a easily removed for waablug and replace meat and functions much better than the old excess glss4 ihclosure item did Muslin csn alto be tacked oil frsmet made to fit wlnddw recesses snd can be either hinged for convenience or held place by turn buttons Windows that admit the sunlight from both east andwest are desirable Extreme lighting area is not uucessary Two or three good windows with a wUl contructed bouse are adequate particularly it tbe Interior is whitewstbed or painted to make best use of all light admitted Unnecessarily high roofs or walla rob tbe building of heal which naturally tends to ascend High tellings are not necessary in henhouses and build ngs to be remodeled into the same should not be very big jit la necessary the colder months In The dlslnfectlne of tbe roost polea a detail of henhouse sanitation that mutt not be overlooked The prime purpose of poultry raising it a reasonable return 6n ones investment in the form of eggs snd meat lice are a great enemy of the laying hen Dust baths and clean quarters keep the little pests down te the minimum where they do not interfere with the health and efficiency of the bens Uell fed and cared for flocks are almost immune from lice and disease at compared to flocks poorly fed and cared for snd housed Conditions since the war have made It rather difficult for a beginner to readily obtain a dosen young beoa for Immediate service as egg machines Per haps tbe average beginner will prefer the purchase A Some hens will lay at high at 2 eggt a year but a in ta ahi la Anlw aa AMWirPan nhaea Jkahu The White Leghorn is another popular breed for the city fancier Both the Whit and Brown Leghorns excel as layers born Ancona or Minorca chicks where the chief Inducement la raising for meat the heavier breeds such the Plymouth Rocks Wyan dottes Orpingtons Rhode Island Reds and Langshsns are preferable Of course all breeds of hens are inevitably egg layers in greater or less degree Time haa developed certain strains however to a higher point of egg producing efficiency than others Egg production it vttlu more profitable than meat production in thS poultry business wherever conducted And the former is more easily handled The pleasure of keeping and caring for fowls will be greatly enhanced by keeping only thoroughbred fowls of only one variety Tbe opportunity will also present itself to sell eggs for batching In season If a start It made with chicks a day or two old allowance must be made for poaalble losses and for the Impossibility of sex distinction at this age To secure a desired even dozen laying hens it will therefore require at least three dozen day old chicks sa more than one half the chicks will probably prove to be males The first consideration It care during the time of Immaturity For a start during cold weather they may be kept In a box indoors being covered when they cluster Into a group with a cloth or rag that will function in the place of the absent ben They csn also be placed in such a box at night for tome time After warm weather haa arrived they can roam the confines prepared for them with a shelter from the sun and a snug place of retirement when It rains Caring for The Young Chicks After three or four weeks bate passed the time depending some on tbe breed they can almost look out for themselves If tbelr quarters are adequate and afford nee Asary protection from the hot tun and rain Care mutt be taken to allow them ample room however and to prevent them from being chilled at suffocation complete or partial resultant from crowding in at tempts to keep warm hat killed or destroyed the stamina of many chicks Water supply which must always be present and adequate is best secured by inverting a full can or pall on a tin plate to feed automatically It requires filling only oncea day and lnsurei tbe ready water supply without which no poultry growing venture can achieve success Young chicks mutt be protected from rats and other vermin The family cat mutt not be forgotten in tblt respect Tbe first feed for young chicks fingu larly enough is a shallow pan filled with sand grit and dirt They consume large quantities of this in the first day or two after being hatched After forty eight boura they may be fed oatmeal or hard boiled eggs After the young chicks sre a couple of months old there it no great distinction between their treatment and that of mature hens When fall comes the cockerels can be killed for meat and the young pullets retained for the more profitable enterprise of egg production Tbe cockerels can be profitably used for table almost as soon ss tbelr sex can be determined if quarters are crowded for ipaoe Hen Laying 144 Eggs a Year Is Profitable jlow many eggs will a good hen properly cared for produce In a Teaks time That It the question that the neophyW poultry grower will naturally ask It is a basis for all calculations of profit and loss The answer of course cannot be arbitrarily determined Prize winners are not a good criterion of oung chicks though that entails a wait of five or alx months for egg yelld Tbe cost cf day old chicks of good stock varies from 13 to 28 cents eadv Notable blue ribbon stock sella at higher rates Where the objective it egg raiting tbe beginner would do well to obtain Leg Where Profit in PoultryGomes for the City Man from a family of five grinding of tbe henV peculiar digestive cabbage unused mush rABLE scraps will furnish nearly enough food to half maintain a flock of ten or twelve fowls tbe year round Every cereal is welcomed by the flock Wheat com oats sprouted oats cabbage turnips carrots potatoes meat scraps grass seeds rice broken and inferior grains and sweepings are all grist for the system Fowjs will cat almost anything that any other creature finds edible They will pick bones as closely and eagerly as a dog shredding off the last vestige of meat or gristle They will cat potato parings turnip tops the waste outer leaves of lettuce and stale bread vegetable and meat scraps raw or cooked Despite the added vigilance resulting from the food saving campaign inaugurated during the war there are still inevitable scraps Thats where the householder gets his clear profit turning waste Into eggs at 50 cents or to a dozen thlt Is only a very rare occurrence Others drones and laggards and Improperly handled stock will not lay one fourth that number A good average for1 a consistent performer Is 180 eggs annually The exceptionally good ben lays an egg varr second day da annual yield of 180 eggs annually A hen tbst lays twelve doten eggs annually with a com puled value of 40 cents per dozen has contributed S480 to her owners exchequer She owes no apology for feed consumed on that basis Above her purchase price1 and bord bill she shows a handsome margin of profit The asseti for chicken raising possessed by tbe back yard beginner are these I 1 Waste space that bat no other utility 3 Table scraps that tbe most rigid economy cannot utilize otherwise 5 A ready home consumption or market for strictly fresh eggs and freh killed fowls Uut tbe duett compensation fur tbe slight labor It the luxury of ceits that are strictly frcU KWfc lilt by tkr i AtjJLkin0PA THE SAN PAIiqiSOO SUNDAY CHRONICLE.