San Francisco Chronicle from San Francisco, California • Page 1

SGSFj 2SST jf 4 3 Swtf toiur Uw V0H XLTV SA2T TRA2J CISCO CAL 17EDXESDAT SEETEMBTB 1 4 1S86 30 48 BROKEN PROMISES I DemocratfcKeglectrOf the 1 ASOBSIEUCTIOSCOSGEESS I Ji The Patchwork Poliey Perse 3 eredlttao tie Injury I of the SerTiefc nfSs i I KswTok August 71886 I kit hu teem the tot the Democrstls I puty for many yean that italonewuth friend ol the Birr la support ol which assertion it refentothe record of 1853 58 I when the nvy wm xeuabIliUteL a Yet I during twenty fire yen of tubtequent BepubUcn administration the Democrat I btve acted obstructionist towards ap Ppropriatlont tor defense afloat iad on shore tiring reon thut the prtr In i powerwulneapable and corrupt During th lto Presidential camnalKn the tiro partle were equally profuse and earnest in war promtsei 01 rrn mcy wouia for fh cotmrrri attouc tmt Hit BcpuV lin tiUtiorm alone contained aa en eqnlroeal promise lor the nary In the Ml lowtof UnTjag demand tka restoriLjn of onr nTy to Its oW tlnie trencth and efficiency that It may In any tea protect the right of American citizens and the Interest of American commerce a nary which takes no law from superior force The DemocriHe platform demanded that the Government should effldeaUy protect an the rights of persona and property of every American citlien In foreign lands for the enforcement of which duty a nary would seem to be absolutely Indispensable The President and the Secretary of the KaTy favor such a policy the laaerin his report of ovember SO 1885 saying Cruising ships bowtrer we most bars unlets ttl pol cy of con Inning repairs noon wortMem snipe Is to oootUnM anlaa re so abandon the naUneal dDtr of affording the seearit and protsetloB of oor presence and power thronchout the world whererer our people sojonru BOHt WABT A HATjT It would seem however that the Congress Just adjourned vu not In harmony with the Administration upon this as well as many other Important subjects and not withstanding the Democrats had a major Ity of 1 over all the navy appropriations for the cresent fiscal year are very oonsld erablyless than those for 1885 86 It is an indisputable fact that the Republicans demanded and cast their votes for liberal appropriations for the increase of the navy and for coast defenses which the Demo crats by force of number always defeated on the nlea of necessity to curtail ex penses The Democrats also were In favor of reorganizing the business of the Navy Department by which Its affairs would be turned over to a clique 01 omcers in capable of carrying on business on boei ness nrtncroles and under which the navy would revert to its state of incapacity of 1815 43 and later under Admiral Porter In 1869 sd 187a The Republicans averted this calamity and take the record of the last session as a whole the Democratic party as represented in Congress showed it was adverse to appropriating money for the countrys defense did not Care for American citizens abroad and was even willing to have the navy turned over to tncapables under which it would speedily be entirely obliterated from the sea and only a costly shore sailor estab sent would be maintained for the fJscatNeai 185 87 ol which i four rears hence Before tie year 1891 fLDOOOOOwattobeexpendedonordoancef the follwtu vessels will have passed out ana rpvxwouo on the ship and other ob 1 of the navy because their further usetni Jects above enumerated A gjujr Muttr ntsocisxs The following sections relate to the eon traction of the vessels and their machln ery i and one or more of the satd monitors to completed In one or more of the nary yards of tbe United Blatet and If Us shall be unable to contract with rerponstbl Denies to construct caose the same to be constructed or Completed in snch of the navy yards of the united states as may be ben all pied thereto Sec That tii engines boQers and a ebteerFi all the new tmmi provf ded for br UaArn Act sall a of domaotte tuncfkctnr and the Doited States provided further that the Secretary of the Kary mar purchase abroad only sne sUafting and other special materials as it may be Impnea bl to obtain in tbe Lolled tateio time for nee iuthoconstraciioAof tbe reeula herein prorMed for The scarcely disguised sham bill for the fncreate of the navy becomes quite apparent upon an analysis of the bill itself and the sums available i It win be nottcedlhat 1000000 goes toward armament for Jhe two armored ves sels one cruiser and the monitors embracing the Amphltrlte Uonadnoek Mn toBomaWBxhaa o4 Terror leaving only f2oilWu an installment on tbe con structton and purchase of the new ships torpedoes and tools for navy yards The purchase of the dynamite gun cruiser It Obligatory upon the Secretary of the Savy at a cost of 350000 which reduces the available sum to 82O50000 The monitors will require toward completion of hull Including armor the sum oi viafio vi aivtaed as iouows Total g2833604 62 PATCHWOKT TO Bl COSTtircIn Add to this sum 216008 82 for the machinery of the HonadnocX and there Is a grand total of 31396C1 4 The Purl tan built and enrlned by John Soacb lies at League island the Terror at Cramp Philadelphia the Amphltrtte at Harlan Je Hollingsworth a Wilmington and the Uonadnock at the Mare Island Kary Yard The work to be done to these monitors con sists of two parts namely completion of hull and its outnt ana in procuring and placing the armor on the sides and build lnj turrets and pilothouse This latter Item in construction of the vessels Is est mated to cost 294411 for each othe smaller monitors and 343 540 for the Puritan making a total of 1426773 which leaves 1 496 881 62 toward com pletlon and outfit of these vessels The Secretary is authorized to complete one or more of the monitors at one or more of the nary yards and assuming that one of these vessels Is taken to some navy yard con tracts have to be made with private establishments for tbe other three The work as has already been shown is in two parts distributed as follows ness fan only be maintained at an ex pease far exceeding the limit of repairs Stiua Tons Tenneemw 4840 FowheUan HfHU Rronklrtw SOOOI Ieruacola3ooo Alliance mrmra jum Kicrimondf72 00 Vandal la 11 OO Shfnaodoaa 2100 i ooo Oalma la i hoo MartonlS03 Bnterprisf 1 S75 sses 1370 1 Monocacy Ig75 900 430 affiSoXrOSS Total twenty four vessels of 47460 tons displacement To offset this loss there will be added eight vessels of 28 too tons besides one torpedo boat and one dyna mite gun cruiser generously appropriated for at the recent session making a net loss of fifteen cruising vessel and about 24400 tons displacement At this rate the increase of the navy promises rather to be on the wrotg side of the ledger in the bone vard for although the new ships will undoubtedly be made much superior to those displaced num ben as well as quality are absolutely req ntslte what was norosxo It Is more than fire years since that Secretary Hunt appointed the so called Bod era Board to map out plan for a peace navy and In the report of said board the following programme was given are daia Steel ernln Steal ertuaers steel erasers Wooden CTUlMra tirama Torpedo roaboat Torn boats era I orjx boate barborl WK lyiZ ax 4H 2780 30 430 llSKOOl 10 000 2260 SSP 35 000 8M3000 301000 4300000 2600 000 IS00O SfOOOO 2AO0O0 Malta Hull Armor AmpbltrttaJZ 345143 68 294441 00 MonadnocK 407 00 70 394 441 OO Fortran 411 M1 M3 S40 Ow Terror 8J2846 89444100 Total 1 4fl6881 A2 1 4i6 773 00 WHIBB TBI BiAM BX3TS The whilom friends of the navy charge that over 75000000 were thrown away since leos in constrneuon ana re pair equipment ana oranance oi snips If this sum only 3800 000 vu appro rated In 187Z for ten vessels ana we lienteioder has truly been wasted In re I pairt hut for this wasto of money Con grcssione Is responsible and the factre tosiss that the navy is srnaH in number of sfflTt worthles in its ordnance and lndii ferentlnitspersonneL The 230 ships at the close of the war afloat and on the stock have notwithstanding the expenditure of 75000 000 lMl 3800000 dwindled to sixty two the additional twenty seven vessels on the navy register in 1885 being buIltTeconstructed or purchased between 1863 and 1885 Without the Secretary of the Navys disregard of the law prohibiting the construction of vessels without authority from Congress we should only have had about seventy two vessels all more or leu in a state of decrepitude and not a single monitor In existence TBE TUX man ATRXTT The history of naval legislation in the recent Congress Is briefly as follows The Bouse Naval Committee was composed of six members from the South and seven from the North of whom all the Southerners and Hewitt New York were free trader The committee went apparently very earnestly to work and soon formu lated a bill whlch1I passed would have given the navy a good start The free traders however stipulated that the Secretary should be authorized if he should see fit to have one marine engine purchased abroad but this announcement vras so vigorously denounced by tn press as to cause the Naval Committee to amend the obnoxious clause and provide that the armor engines boilers and machinery of the new vessels should bo of domestic manufacture and procured by contract unless the Secretary of the Navy shall be unable to obtain the same at fair prices in whlcheam he may construct the same or any pottMrthereof jln the navyyards of the ynftetrtates vjrovided that the Secretary of the Navy may buy abroad and import snch shafting and other material or macninery as ne maybe unable to procure In the United States and provided further that the Secretary of the Nary may purchase abroad only such shafting and other materials as it may be Impossible to obtain in the United States in time for use in the com pletlon of the vessels On March 10th the Jblll was readybut it was not until April 1 Otitis it came before the House upon a Motion to assign a certain day for its eon aideratlon The bill provided for two armored vessels three cruisers one tor pedocruiser four first class torpedo boats 4lAttAn iYiA fnnv fnAnlftrtra anil 1000000 for ordnance aggregating an expendttnraaftU300 000 toward which 6173000 was appropriated The House jy a vote of 121 noes ggainst 103 ayes refused to give the day and time required for consideration of the bill and It was placed on the calendar to take its turn In the reg nlar order Among the opponent were tlx Democrat from North Carolina while an from ilaryland absented themselvca five Democrats from Kentucky voted against the bill and only two for It while two were absent The Indiana delegation followed the lead of the great obstructor Holman six voting against and none for the bill The hay seed States a whole give bat tmill vote forth hill and either voted against It or absented them selves Forty BepubUcans and sixty Democrats did not vote and theCbUl was defeated chiefly by the opposition of Hoi men Morrison Bland McMillan Springer and Willis AWaOTBIATlOXi XlbxV The bUl vu not heard of again until July 24th when it cam before the House To the above 216 006 62 should be I added for the machinery of the Honad nock As only 2500000 is appropriated for all objects outside of ordnance it follows that the monitors cannot be icom pleted even utugi ui awmw snpuia ne laid out for the purpose and the total in crease of navy will be sufficient only for the following objects In the aggregate Armor for monitor 1 423773 00 i njtines ror Monaanoca six ooa tr 1 Tnemlte nn cruiser SfiO 000 00 One torpedo boat loo 009 OO TT i i OIPWW4 eolsli lor navy yarda Totals 150000 00 2317770 82 so saw smrs This would apparently leave the aunifl cent sum of 182220 18 toward the con strnction of two armored vessels and one cruiser mentioned in the bUl and costing 65OOO00 but for which Congress has practically not appropriated anything section 37M oi the sensed statutes provides la anthnrlapdtbir law nr la linder an annrfmrla tlon adequate to lta mlfinment except In tb War and 2a nr Danattmcnta fbr cJothlnr snbalswnce forage fuel quarters or trass ponauou woicn nowever bums not exeseu tbe aeceasltlas el the current year Section 3733 on the same subject reads Ho contract shall entered Into for the erecuon or repair or any pobiw bonding or for any nubile improvement which shall bind tbeOoveromeat to pay a larger anm or money than tbe amount in tb Treasory appropn Ma Mr tna specuicpBrpoa Section 5503 impose a penalty of six month to two years Imprisonment and a fine of 2000 for violation of section 3732 and 3733 Secretary Whitney is not the kind of a man torriolate the spirit of the law having under hi eye the result of Secretary Robeson action in relation to the moni ton The contracts for these vessels were let in 1874 although no money whatever was appropriated for this purpose Robeson expended illegal 1 600000 in money upon these vessels and on March 3 1877 renewed contracts to the amount of 3 268642 for the completion of the vessels each contract containing the proviso that no portion of the money should be paid until appropriated byCongress Secretary Thompson immediately canceled all these nev contracts as vu his duty but he also prohibited the contractors from completing the prior contracts notwithstanding the hulls were nearly ready for launching and less than 25000 for each vessel would have placed it in the water and thus permitted th Government to take charge of the monitors congress wsj not made acquainted with these latter facta for several yean and when it finally understood th situation the requisite money was voted and th vessel were launched and practically passed into the hands of the Government Because of this shortsightedness of Secretary Thompson the contractors were compelled to leave the vessels on the stocks for upward of seven reari entitling them to large amount for rent of yard and care of the unfinished monitors A board of naval officers assessed these claims at 278 628 69 which was considerably less than what the contractors claimed KQMtcoriaA BUtttMer f3 There fi no biter Government in the world which deals so unsatisfactorily with contractors a that of the United States Congress ever changing In it members policy and as afcody in business capacity does not encourage well meaniugand ca pable persons to enter into contracts with the Government A Congress with liberal and common sense views msy be suc ceeded by a penurious and short sighted perhaps corrupt aggregate which will upset former good legislation by refusing to Ornish the requisite money Thuait happen mat Only firm of great wealth extensive political acquaintance and pe culiar metnoas are round willing to enter into large contract with the Government The yards oi these firms are filled with pro tege of Senator and EcpresenUtlres wncee votes man tn appropriations and to Whom the contractor took for the pass ing 01 cuuni tor reuei or aamigc There was an avowed disposition of the congress Just adjourned to stimulate In in an emasculated form and was discussed 1 dividual enterprise to encourage firms to and csssed In less than five hours the vote jth the affirmative 118 being all Demo Ijerata and in th negative 103 all but four were Republican i The original biB and the substitute passed are appended to show what the lemocreUe free trsders were first willing to give to the navy and how th defeat of it hearing on April 15th affected it snbse kfoenUyt 4 TX Bill OT WA1CS 10 1SS two armored vessels Tnr eralaera Foot torpedo boats On nrnecrnler 1 Monitor Ordnance 5000000 tvwuw WVK 8O0tiO0 OCKAJWU AVWVK Sorpeaoea 13SO0O i Tools lor navy yarda SS000O i 114676000 Otjrhkh 0175000 wa appropriated 5 vuttvt ait rcxr 34 18S Two armored vessela 3000000 One torpedo boat 100000 1 SjlfTmltr 86000O Uomtors avyyatd 100a ono 75 OOO 140000 Tie ion oi 300000 wu appropriated improve their plant in order to supply the Government with all the articles required In steel for ships engines guns and armor but how little those patriotic sentiment amounted to In reality evidenced In the appropriation 01 3sooooo toward the Increase of the navy Four years win he required er any of the two armored vessel can be completed for sea service and in th mean tlm private firms harr no assurance beyond th yearly appropriation that they will not be icrtwun anaunnished vessel on their hand and be compelled to hunt up member of Congress and lobby for their cjrnteU prolection Tifslsex venaiv work and tanstbetaxenincon Jslderailon when making an offer to carry out contract nenc an uovernmenii made to pay exorbitant price for every thing obtained under toe contract system xomsa a wat In the mean time while an nnpalrioUe osjority of Congress refuses do any thing toward the csublishmeu otthe navy th few ship we possess are decreas ing Ui num Dm and becoming more Obso lete ana nseiea 01 uirty tixeruising vessels on the navy register January 1886 twenty lour trill hay gone Into rotten row Making a total of forty eight vessel of 97640 tons displacement and twenty tor pedo boats at an aggregate cost 01 607000 The estimated cost would probably have fallen considerably short of the actual ex pendlture and it will also be noticed that no armored erulslng vessel are Included in the above list This peace navy would probably cost 40000 000 and could have been built in about II ve years but the slow rate at which new vessels are being added and the want of a naval policy a to the class and number of vessels the new navy win he of a slow growth and of a variety of undefined classes WHAT HAS BEXIfBO tX It not until 1883 in pursuance of act of Congress authorising the building of four vessels that a start was finally made and for which 1300000 was appropriated Contract were made with John Roach for the costructlon of the steel cruisers Chicago 4500 tons Boston Atlanta each of 3000 tons and Dolphin a dispatch boat of 1500 tons The contracts were signed in July 1883 stipulating that the Chicago should be finished within two years and the Boston Atlanta and Dolphin in eighteen months but In this parttho contractor entirely failed The Dolphin did not have her first trial trip until November 18S3 or nine months after the time specified and the vessel Was only accepted last month The Boston and Atlanta have only recently been completed or eighteen months behind tbe time while the Chicago will not be ready for sea until toward the close of the present year Tbe total cost of these four vessels appears to have been 3 415100 The second installment of new ships was voted by Congress by act of March 3 1885 appropriating 1 895 000 towards the construction or two cruisers of not less than 3000 nir more than 5000 tons one heavily armed gunboat of about 1600 ton and one light gunboat of about 800 tons at an aggregate cost exclusive of armament of 2995 000 IS TEX HASPS Of A GLIQtn The work upon the design of these new vessels was begun in May 1885 while at the same time persons outside of the navy were Invited to submit plans and a large number of plana and models were for warded to the department up to July istn same year The Secretary created a Board of Construction presided over by that distinguished shorcsallor Captain John 0 walker Chief Constructor Wilson Commanders Sampson and Goodrich Assistant Naval Constructor Bowles and Herman winters Naval Architect The Secretary made a neat speech to the board about what he expected from it and then experts went to work selecting from the great mass of material before them such designs of different details of shin and en gin construction as In their wisdom they thought worthy of adoption This work of segregation lasted tor several months when another meeting was held another speech wu made and the real work of designing bow began In the mean time Secretary Whitney purchased several designs of ships and engines from such firms as Armstrong Samuda Elder and Kirk in Great Britain which plans were tamed oer to the Walker board for examination To the uninitiated this procedure wrald seem Just what was required to prevent any mistakes and to adopt only the very best designs and tbe Secretary undoubtedly so intended it The fact Is however that Whitney has fallen Into the hands of a clique composed of coburgers shore sailors in Washington and represented by Walker Sampson Goodrich Fernald one of the survivors of the Hans eom ring Bowles a graduate from the Annapolis Dancing Academy who passed through an abbreviated term at Greenwich College England and Herman Winters who is part owner in several patents which might be adopted In the vessels proposed None of the board except Wilson and Win ten could be termed experts and the other were making a pretense of criticix lug or commending what they knew noth lng about Their presence baa been to retard the work while stuaylnr naval architecture and it I owing to these interlopers that th design have only Just been completed Borne the peculiar ideas of these amateur naval architects were decid edly novel among which that of Captain Walker was strikingly unique He tug gested that the ram or spur of the vessels should be so constructed as to dropoff whenever it should strike an enemys ves sel The difficulty presented Itself how to fasten the ram so as to cause It to drop when it had executed ha work and at the same time be sufficiently strong under or dinary conditions and another problem was how to construct the bow of the ramming vessel so that the loss of the ram would not hazard the safety of the ship It is undcrstoodthsl thl brilliant conception was snuffed out chk aecBBTAaV HooDWmcm Walker having completely hoodwinked I the Secretary the whole vy Department ha virtually passed Into the hands of Captain Walker As a representative of a class who does not want to go toseabutonIyde slres to put into son snore oertns witn good pay and nothing to aathis class 00 not car whether any ships are built but are rather favorable to non legUlation In that direction and Walker la wasting sixteen months upon the design of three vessel the fourth being a duplicate of the Japanese cruiser Naniwa Kan I as much censurable a Holman or any other obstructor In Congress for the failure of obtaining appropriations for a new navy When the department wastes sixteen months in designing vessel of no particular novel designs the opponent to the Increase of the navy have some good reason for pointing toward snch lack of promptness a an indication that ship are not wanted very badly by those who understand the subject It 1 indeed very unfortunate for the Secretary and the welfare of the navy that these profession frauds have Ingratiated themselves to snch an ex tent aa to practically run the Navy Department Dorle had a similar experience wlthAdmiral Porter which resulted fa the Secretary resignation in less than three mdnthaBobeson found the tame barnacle when he cune in and did not get rid of it in leu than one Tear Daring Porter lelf tssumed duties a Secretary he wasted abotrt 8000000 in the repair and alterations of worthies vessels and foe which criminal extravagance Robeson ha ever since been held responsible Cncll Die Thompson was similarly afflicted with seU appointed advisers but discovered the utter selfishness of such before his resignation Hunt waa completely under the thumb of the so called lineT or shore sailor officer branch of th navy trot hi successor the wide awake William Chandler soon shook off th galling yoke and attended to his business personally without being the helpless Instrument of any clique la the navy Secretary Whitney is sure to arrive at the tame conclusion as his nredecesaors 1 and Is to be hoped that It win be in tlm to recover Ixom the uuny serious blunder committed by his chief advter John Walker and the latter confrere The contractor early discovered the power behind the throne and have paid due homage to the man who runt the Navy Department by proxy THxADvisorr soaks The Kaval Advisory Beard created in 1882 to design and superintend the new cruiser Chicago Boston Atlanta ana toe dispatch boat Dolphin win soon cease to exist It was a badly selected board and old not cover Itself with glory Naval Constructor Fernald one of it members wat responsible for the Dolphin fiasco bnt still continue in faror at the Kavy Depart ment probably through the influence of John Roach and other contractors The two civilian members Henry Steers and ineriTorryeH did not come up to the ex pectstionsof their professional skin and during the past year they have apparently lost all Interest in their work but never failed to draw their annual salary of 5000 each These civilians have been paid 30 000 up to July 1st last During the past jear Steers has been only five time in Washington the teat of the board for which be has thus been paid at the rate of 1000 per visit besides traveling expenses a kavt wrrHorr SHIPS Bnt one of the most serious result and the most far reaching in Its serious conse 1 quences through the failure in providing for a proper navy I that the opportunities for seagoing officers to follow their legttl micaUlEghabcearediieoaanatrctia decreasing On January 1 1888 there were only thirty cruising steamer and six nailing vessel in commission three of which lat ter constituted so called apprentice train ing ships generally found at the watering placet along the itlanfio coast At the same time there were 80S line officers in eluding seventy three naval cadets There were aiso szu seagoing stair omcers iss warrant officer and sixty six marine of ficers a total force sufficient for three timet the number of vessel actually In commission As compared with January 1 1885 there were thirty less line omcers at sea tn 1886 than at the same date the year prior The occupation of the 625 officers ac counted for is shown In the accompanying table the ensigns being reduced in its total number for 1886 to what It waa in 1883 1 GERONIMO GIVES UP Coming in From Sonora With Lawton HIS TEEMS OF SUEEE5DEE Tired of Scalping Settlers He Wants a Reservation for His Band Admiil Commodores CaDtaloa Comnudna uJ laent commandrs Lien tenants Junior Ueutenatns I sinsigna ToiaL 11 On January 1 1885 there were 650 line officers including 82 ensigns and of this total number 274 or 419 per cent were at sea 87 or 1338 per cent were nnem ployed and 289 or 4472 per cent were onshore duty Oi the officers at sea 41 were in coast survey Vessels while Jn Jan uary last this number had decreased to 38 although there were more coast survey ves sell at the latter date than in 1835 BET LAXD SAttOM A naval establishment which requires practically one half of the line officers to attend to shore duties resembles those of foreign countries only In a very remote degree and must be anything but efficient The chief resort of these shore sailors is in Washington where there are no less than eighty eight of this class above the grade of Ensign against seventy seven in 1883 In the navy yards there are eighty two against seventy one one year ago The Washington navy it composed chiefly of the Burea of Navigation under the control of Captain John Walker assisted by HeCalU Sampson Goodrich Bucking ham Bodgen and Seaton Schroeder The so called office of Jiaval Intelligence hi Increased In one year from nine off cers drawing a salary of 15800 to thirteen officers at a salary of 22800 This office is furnished with all the naval data gathered abroad by navy officers on which duty Lord Chadwick a Commander has been detailed ever since October 1882 Thin is a duty much coveted as it entails the purchase of plans and for which amongst others 20 000 alone was paid to Armstrong Co for those of the loauiwa Kan lieutenant Commander Barber paid recently a brief visit to Great Britain on behalf of the United States iavy Department and returned aa the avowed agent of a British firm engaged in the manufacture Of armor plates Barber 1 now on leave of absence presumably for the purpose of working up bnalnesa fornia Brittab em ployen while at the same time he Is also paid a salary of 2200 out of the naval ap propriation while unemployed IKJCBT TO TH 8SKVICX The want of a requisite number of ships to give the line officers an opportunity to go to sea has through the past fifteen yean been very hurtful to the service The enforced idleness on shore either at Washington tbe Itaval Dancing Academy or at navy yards has unfitted many an officer for his proper sphere of action and life on board a vessel at tea hat become distasteful to the majority of officers In order to obtain relief from sea dutyi a certain few hare studied out all sorts of plans by which tome plausible reason might be given for continuing them on share doty The members of the Washington navy are pretty sure of exemption from tea duty and the latter I performed chiefly by those who do not enjoy the confidence and patronage of Captain Walker The following list embraces some of the most noted sea serving shirking tailors ehowlng the amount of sea service performed by them from the date set opposite their names up to the present time Special Sisnaieh to th Caaowicx Fobt Bowie jfJU August 31 The Apache campaign seems to be fast drawing to a close On July 13th Captain lawton surprised the hostUes camp on the Arras rlTer In Sonora and captured all their stock The Indians then raided through the districts of Saverlpi and TJrct kUllng a number of people and securing fresh mounts They theuieaded north through the district of Monterum leaving a track of blood behind and attempted to return to Arizona for another raid Captain lawton followed closely upon their trail and General lilies who had been Informed orthe movement rusoei the troops towsrd the line to head them eft This movement wu completely successful and the hostiles found themselves confronted by a large American force at Fronton At this Juncture Geronimo with hit characteristic cunning made overtures of peace to the American authorities and the Prefect of Ariipe went to Fronters to treat with him This proceeding caused a brief cessation of hostilities which Geronimo took advantage of and broke camp in the night again leading toward the Arixona and New Kexico lines Within a few boon Captain lawton wat again on the trail and after two days hud marching throng almost impassable mountains came up with Geronimo near the Junction of the BaviapeandSan Bernardino rivers Geronimo now made overture of peace to the Americas and made known hi wish to surrender He came in person to Captain lawton camp and said that he and his jnea were tired of the war and wanted to surrender but he wanted to be assured that their lire would be snared lie bad witn him twenty one bucks six teen squaws and some children He told Captain Lawton that he wat anxious for peace and wanted to see General Miles to that he could surrender to him He said that he never wanted to goon the warpath out mat certain persons at tbe San Carlos agency had made a plot to have him killed and that he would not give np his life without a struggle In regard to his going off last year after promising to surrender to General Crook he said that when he agreed to surrender in Mexico he was told that he would be allowed to return to the reservation but that when he reached the San Bernardino ranch General Crook refused to guarantee what had already been promised him and that he did not intend to surrender unless I he was sure that hi life would be spared Ji Etcher who wts present at the talk ez pressed the tame sentiments as Geronimo and said that he wanted to return to his tamiiy At last accounts Captain lawton was moving toward the line and Geronimo was coming In to surrender The camps are close together and passing back and forth is kept up continually Geronimo Js in fine health and condition and he has never been wounded as reported Hatches received a slight wound in the leg during a fight with some American ranchers near Campus a short time ago Geronimo tayt that he hat not seen nor heard of Mangos and his party of eight or nine bucks In over a year and doe not know where they are Bask and It ax Commodore Troxtun Commodore Mayo Commodor BoMell Commodor Greer Captain FiUbuih Captain Walker Captain Kamsay Captain Law Captain Bre Optaln Pleard Captain Whlta Commander Smith Commander Wi Commander Qibaon Commander Cheater Lieut Commander Dorand 4eatOmmaoderSlanb 1 Lieutenant Very LJeutcoanc naKenmannMMB Lieutenant McLean Lieutenant Kelly Lieu tenant st oor IJearenant Dyer Lieutenant Oswrhans 8aa Service 2 1 3 07 0 Since 1875 18 9 187 we 18 9 1877 18 18 5 18 8 18T0 182 18 5 1874 1874 1874 18 1877 18 186 1873 1874 18T6 mi is a 1173 186 ls 1877 The above list embracing twenty six tailor omcers toots np a total of 312 years while th aggregate sea service 1 only twenty eight yean and ten months show Ulg uSiV VMS JW MMIMif lUUUUt at sea to nearly eleven yean on shore Walkers tea service of five months since 1877 wu in 1881 when he commanded the Fowhattan and ran her aground Although thirty five yen and nine months In the service lie ha only had thirteen yean and two month tea duty but seven teen yean and three month shore service and unemployed five yean and five month during two yean of which he vu in the service of the Chicago Burlington sad Qnlncy Railroad The A org EtguitT abound with exam ple set forth in the foregoing table The agiteton for reform and reorganisation of the avy Department are of tuch above mentioned They desire to run the navy shore department in all it branches to design and build snips to purchase an the supplies for the navy and when in the away off future new ships are fitted for tea they will Invent excuse for avoiding sea duty leaving it to tuch a are not of their own set or If needs be mustang officers the volunteer are contemptuously denominated by the Annapoli aristocrats Will be called upon tododutyfor the cobnrgen in Washington Congress would be performing but plain duty In causing the overloaded navy list to be thoroughly weeded of to many of these duty ahlrken and otherwise undesirable officer whose presence on the active list retard promotion of worthy men and bring the navy into contempt and ridicule fffrtmfmo When the Mexican learned that Geron imo wu with the American troops and moving across the line to surrender a large force started from Fronteraa to head them off and a fight with lawton command seemed for a while inevitable but the Americans flnally drew off without attacking them Geronimo desire to surrender is questioned by army officers and many believe win not do to nnlesi force I used ToxBSToss August SI A Mexican who arrived in town to day from Slaughters ranch near the line reports that Geronimo and about forty of his baud squaws and bucks are camped three miles south of the ranch on the way to the San Bernardino ranch In charge of Lieutenant law ton and several Indian acouti He wu told that General Torre and 200 Mexican troops had camped close to the Indians and thinks they will demand the surrender of the Apache General Miles and a large body of American troop were expected on the ground in a few hours The Mexican spent the day in Ueronimos camp and Geronimo informed him that the terms nnder which he offered to surrender were that hi two wive be brought back from Florida ana that himself and nineteen of hi companions be given a separate reservation not on the sea coast He said in other words that If Mile did not want to agree to these term he could eo to Bad es Insolent tuch term are many think that Miles cannot do better than to accept them considering anything better than tne continued outrages to which this conn fry has been subjected for the past eighteen months It Is also being extensively asked whether we are bound to keep terms with bloody assassin who do not scruple to en tice white men into their camp under false pretense and then torture them to deathv AS KXTBAOBDTSABY CABEEK Incident lnjthe Life of the Notorious Apache Renegade By hi prominence In on of the most remarkable Indian campatgniln American history the name of Geronimo 1 not less familiar to the student of frontier literature than WU that of the Sioux chief Sitting Bull who 111 the leader in the Custer massacre and who left a trail of blood through th Northwest Sow that 1 some of the most dangerous Apache have been removed from the thickly settled parts of Arizona and the renegade leader has only a handful adherent in Sonora sketch Geronimo character and a brief review of hi blood thirsty career will be read with interetv There are conflicting account of Geron imrrs antecedents and lnca the unwritten archives of Indian ancestry are at beat unsatisfactory It is highly probable that his pedigree and nativity will always remain in doubt A correspondent of thePreseott AT Jffaer who claim a personal acquaintance with Geronimo and hi family state hat the noted chieftain 1 not nearly all suppose aa Aptche Indlac bnt a foil blooded Mexican whose family nam Is Lobato and who waa born In the town of la Joy a on the Bio Grande fifty mile below Aiouquerque in 1847 and 1 fairly buried In hi studies and so forth Isnt he BeginaldT Beginsld George instructor Ah ye lr especially IntUlast 1 la a Perl Stwdio 2UMK Geoml father And how doe Georre spend his timet I presume the fellow is I therefore present 37 yean of age Hit father was Jose loul Lobato at that Urn a famous Mexican TioSnlst and wherever hi reputation bad spread wu referred to a BXuicx Geronimo wu on of flv chit dren and during hi early youth the fam ily moved from his birthplace to the town of Mansano where they lived at the time the relator of this account became person ally acquainted with them Eclating the peculiar incidents attending Geronimos capture by the Xavsjo Indians end the strange event that changed the current of hi whole life the author says In the spring of 1853 we had alarge wood contract with the Government at Albuquerque and quite vividly remember one morning Just about sunrise at Coyote Springs fourteen miles east of Al lbnquerque discovering eighteen Navajo Indians near camp In the act of confiscating soo mulct belonging to Juan Cristobal Annljo Muuel Barrella and other citizen of the Bio Grande Our molero succeeded in catching the ben mare and mounting her made camp all the mule belonging to ns except ten jfoBowing The Indians foiled in securing 106 more additional animal proceeded in a southerly direction keeping upon the open plain Sews went to the military at Albuquerque and three companies of cavalry headed by Bias Lu cero still a resident of Albuquerque a guide proceeded to cut off the Havsjos prevent them from crossing the EIo Grande to the west into their own country and recapture the stolen stock The troops fol lowed down the river keeping In tight of the dust raised by the Indians and at a point below Sablnal where at that time there were two good crossings three mile part awaited tbe harajos The Indian as above stated kept the open plain east of the nveruia down uju Biemutwnere the road passe from jianxano ana ado paw to La Joy Front this point they dis covered a Mexican caneta coming toward them driven by two Mexicans containing two women and five children Several of the Indians Went out to capture the con cern but the men driving mad a hard fight for liberty and a running battle for a distance of three miles wu the result The ammunition of tbe two men having been exhausted the Indian closed in and killed them with lances and the two women mother and grandmother to Geronimo himself and four brothers and slaters were made captive The Indian taw the troops pursuing them and in the night fled to the river effected a new crossing and made for the fastnesses in the mountains neat Fort Deft ance The old wjoman had made such a noise that she wu killed at the crossing but the othen were frightened Into silence and the band with their captives in spite of the hot pursuit of the troops mtde good their escape Two yean afterward Mrs Lobato and three of the children were rescued by the United States Government and given their freedom Geronimo and an elder sister having been traded to the Apaches and never recovered Another account of Geronimo origin is given by George Stevens at one time Sheriff Of Graham county A whose long familiarity with the Apaches and their language it la claimed su given him great advantages in gaining information Mr Steven states that Geronimo 1 a full blood Chiricahna Apache who goes under the tribal cognomen of Qoee ahl ly Says Mr Stevens He Joined the Warm Spring Indians for a short time after the killing of Eogers and Spencer at Sulphur Spring came to San Carlo for the first time among the Indians brought In during General Wilcox command of the department nd iu among the Indian that Captain Haskell of Genersl Wilcox staff made a treaty with and took to San Carlos At that time he wu not looked on chief by the other Indiana although he wu one of their head men nelefttherecervation with the rest of the Chiricahuu in 1881 at the time of the killing of Semanlego and hi teamsters at Cedar Springs and returned to thiscoun try on a raid at the head of a band of ninety two Indiana in April 1882 at which time he killed teji persons at Stevens sheep camp befori reaching the San Carlos agency for which place he wu en route with intentions of wreaking Tengeanco on certain band there and to persuade the Warm Spring IadlAs under Loco to Join hinw From that time he has taken the lead in the worst part of their depredations Mr Learned of Tew Mexico give a still different account Be states with evident assutPaice that Geronimo has been a leader among his fellow renegades since 1876 and from that date to the present in spite of the fact that he has been twice a prisoner of the civil and military authorities hu left a trail of blood that extends through portions of Arizona ew Mexico and Sonora In 1877 he wu made a captive at OJo Caliente and taken in iron to San Carlos for trial but in August of the same year he wu released by the military After remaining four orfive month on the reservation he started on another bloody raid through Sew and Old Mexico which continued for a year and a half wu again made a prisoner of war at Camp Backer held a brief time only at San Carlos and restored to freedom on the reservation This time he remained tolerably subdued tUl 1881 when his savage instincts again gained the mastery and at the head of a goodly following he raided along the border and finally took refuge in the Sierra Madres It wu shortly after thl that a portion of his band headed by one of hi lieutenants returned to San Carlos and joined by a number of Warm Spring In dians made another raid that for bloody atrocity exceeded ail former exploits and it wu during this raid in 1883 that fifty settler including Judge McComu and family were massacred Though closely pursued by the troops the Indians leisurely escaped to the Sierra Madre mountain without the lot of a man and were shortly afterward visited by General Crook accompanied by United State troops nd 300 Indian scouts Six months later Geronimo wu escorted by Lieutenant Davis safely to 8an Carlo a prisoner of war where he remained quietly until eariy in me summer 01 awo Two month after this last escape during which time he had committed many murders he encountered the United States troops in Mexico and wu severely wounded In fact his death wa soon after reported and confirmed supposed ThUwu in August 1885 In the latter part of September he suddenly returned from the hippy hunting grounds to all appearances greatly recruited invfgor and activity and swept down through part of old Mexico killing stealing and burninr and it wu during this raid that ha penetrated the def enae at Fort Apache and res cued hit two wives from under the watchful vigilance of the officers The interim between this raid and the early part of the February following It marked with no prominent incldet worthy of note more than uncertain accounts from this and that locality of his nying visits and the usual bloody evi deuces of hi presence It wu inFebru ary last when General Crooks command waa In hot pursuit ef the renegade and evidently hearing of hit capture that the troop encountered both Indian and Mexi can force and Captain Crawford wu lined ThepannlteonBnnedndbytbe miaaie pi Aiarea tne wily chief was acta any surrounded and brought to nncondi Uonal turreifder Turning hit prlsonen over to thecharge of Lieutenant Mans General Crook proceeded to the reservation expecting his train to arrive soon afterward but on the night of the 39th of March Geronimo gathered nn twenty of hi most stalwart buck the usual amount of ammunition and equipment and left witnoui Diaaing nia captors farewell A usual he wu followed by the troops but found ample time In hi flight to perpetrate the usual bloody outrage He mad hi way to the Sierra Madres where he hu since remained emerging occasionally to get supplies of food and ammunition John Clam at one time Indian Agent In charge of the San Carlo Reservation agrees substantially with Mr Stevens in the statement of Geronimo identity far back 1876 and for a year ortwo later except in the single item of bis being regarded then a leader of hi tribe Mr Clam declares from personal acquaintance that he wat their leader and one of the most feared and famous of Indian chief at that time Whatever Ma lineage it ft sot less true that Geronimo 1 one of th most remark able Indian eommanden the nation hu ever known Gifted wkhtheeunningand ferocity of a aavag beast almost void of human Instincts sad skilled a modern professional la the nse of arms all combine to make him most dreadful enemy Added to these peculiar trait is hi singular and almost unlimited influence oer the people among whom he hu lived He ha command of English Spanish and several Indian dialects and in military capacity and th power tor utilize hi resources Bel more than a nutch for sny of Lib trained soldlenwho have been hunt ing him lor yean BELGIAN POLITIGS Constitutional History of the Kingdom POWEE OP THE EXECUTIVE Reactionary Results of tie Labor Blots The Socialists ICerresMGdsnetof th Caaowicts1 Bacuixr Belgium August 10 1886 The revolution of 1830 wu accomplished try the people of Belgium without serious trouble An effort it made by tome oi the French club at Brussels to turn the movement Iu favor of France butprompt action on the part of the Flemings rendered It abortive Thecitisensof Brussels first or ran tied the opposition and prompt assist ance being rendered by liege Verrierar Louyaln Bruges and Antwerp the rrlrce of Orange withdrew his force to the frontier of Holland AU his attempts at eoneilll ation were useless and an absolute separa tion wu decided on A provisory govern meatwu appointed which without wait ing lor the action ot a general congress or the proclamation of a king proclaimed freedom of worst freedom qf public In struction freedom of the press and free dom of the theater A congress assembled soon afterward which first affirmed the acts of the provisory government and then declared the independence of Belgium In regarn to form thirteen only of the 187 members constituttnz the convention declared themselves In favor of a republic the Prince of Orange being definitively excluded from the throne The congresf sat from the 10th of Jiovember 1830 until the 31t of July 1831 On the 7th of Febru ary the Constitutional Lav wu unaul mouslv voted ItTemalna fundamentally unchanged to day while the Belgians reproach the1 French with having had fourteen within a century The instrument doubtless hu it merits but itdoes not lack detractors It certainly wu liberal for Europe In 1830and In direct defiance oi the principles enunciated by the Holy Al liance THX SXLGiAK OOSBTTrCTIOX Tbe legislative Vower is exercised con currently by the lung and delegates of the nation united in a Senate and Chamber of Representatives1 Either of these three branches can take the initiative in legis lative action except in regard to the ex pendlture of money as for instance for the army which must emanate from the popular body Either chamber hu the right to amend the acts of the other in the United States The King hu the veto power and can dissolve at wni one or both chambers and make an appeal to the country when there Is a radical disagreement between them and himself or with the Ministry in power at the moment This permits considerable flexrUlityof execn tlve and legislative movementNThe great power of the lower house it in If right to refuse to ratify the budget and in the right or investigation in a manner presennea by itself The right of petition 1 also In herentinthe Constitution XXZCCTIVB AKD JTOICIAt rOWTB The sisn of the executive power is the command to publish a law It becomes executory ten days afterward This is effected by a royal decree countersigned by a responsible Minister which assures the initiative The King names the greater part ot the functionaries who are charged with the maintenance ot order and pubUc tranquillity He confers titles of nobility and possesses the pardoning power He represents the nation In its relations to other states declaring war and makingl treaties though the latter must be approved by Parliament He Is Commander in Chief of the army HI person 1 in violable His position i thus made one of honor and devotion but not ot danger and in the eyes ot conservative Belgians I the palladium of the liberties of the country The part of the Constitution regulating Judicial power grants trial by Jury well for political crimes and crimes of the press for those of an ordinary character and the publicity of judicial debates Provision 1 made for tribunal of commerce council of prudhommes military and disciplinary tribunals for the Bar and the civic guard Extraordinary Jurisdiction is prohibited well the restoration of sovereign council There it further the inviola billly of domicil and the substitution of the accusatory for the Inquisitorial system of public trial In availing itself of the French Code of Jurisprudence many of It vices have been avoided The organization of the courts follow the French system in placing a Court of Cassation or ap peal above those ot ordinary Jurisdiction THE FOVIXCIAL STSTIJt The general system applied to the incedty and commune through the instrumentality of Governors a provincial council a communal council sheriffs and bargqmasten The King retains the power of nominating the commissaries wno assist the Governors and ot those Who do the legislative work pi the rrocduse ments and the cqlela rthe communal ad mlnlstntion The Xing spprovtl is necessary to the validity of local law He can also annul those acts that seem to transcend the power At the makers or are contrary toihe general good Provincial council are forbidden to correspond with one another or to hold their sessions ex cept in the times and place specified The only power they have with which tbe central power at Brussels does not interfere Is thiiof verifying the powen of their mem bers A door uieif open to revise the eon stitutlon by common content of the King and Parliament bnt it Is hedged about with many lis and bnta and tofar it remain unchanged rCeSESTKD AHirDKBSTS There are complaint made by the liberals of existing articles and by the socialist The vesting ot the right of peace and war in the sovereign is attended with grave consequence and the article eon erring It It is thought should be changed The election of the Senate by the tame elector who elect the Chamber is eon sidered a wheel within a wheel and a modification ot the method advised The present litem gives an unfair representationrepresentation to riches Th electoral qualifl cation which depends on the voter money or Income is charged with creating a vicious form of political inequality Many liberals and aU the socialists demand that education shall be made obligatory A separation between Church and State It counseled for the reasons usually given that it wounds the dignity of the Church in making It dependent and doe an injury to personal liberty If should be made possible to prevent the amortization of property by religious bodies the laws forbidding It nowproving insufficient It is thought thST Juries should decid the amount of damage to be given in libel suits These changes in the form of amendment to the Constita tlon are demanded by Liberal generally though with differing degree of persist ency Still the Belgian Constitution It stands and It hu stood the tests of more than half a century is greatly admired and bat it is said been substantially adopted by Italy Eottmanis Greece Spain and Portugal rAtxiAsnirTABY HirroBTV The political and parliamentary history ot Belgium it chiefly made np of the struggle between the Catholics and the Liberals to obtain the power In a country where there are so few Protestant it teems string that the liberal should hare accomplished so much Protestant churches are rarely teen even In the cities and the entire Protestant population of the country doe not reach 20 000 The effect of the absolutism of the Catholic Church hu been in Trance Spain and Italy to raise np a elan who disbelieve In all re ligion aneeaucaieo cusses are generally nationalists but being conservative in sen timent and naturally opposed to the social ists they ally themselves wUh the Church to accomplish their politic ends The Catholic influence predominated from 1831 to 1847 A Liberal Ministry wm ap pointed in 1841 but naa to rtur almost Immediately on account of disagreement with the Senate There followed a succession of mixed miulsteries whose power continued tin 1846 Daring this time the cense of th people hd been gradually gaining ground especially in the citie of Llereand Ghent where the working ele mentwu becoming more lnauenUtl From 1847 to 1870 there wu a succession of liberal ministries Various reforms were accompli bed dnrinf this period and othen were attempted bat It is net neces sary to follow til the quarrels betwen the two patties It wa In 18b4 that the King uked the Liberal statesman Dechamp form cabinet The latter consented on the condition that the property qualifies tlon for the right ot suffrage should be reduced and that sheriffs should benoml nated by tbe communal councils The King hesitated Then It wu proposed to Increase the membership ol Parliament on the basl of the previous census The Con servstive tide of Parliament was excited end refused Indeliberate The matter wu referred to the country and the liberals remained in power UQ 1871 ton LiBim urosxs The Catholics regained the power for a singular reason Thuwu no less than the Frsnco Prttftian war and the event in France that followed While th war wu in progress the two partle worked to gether in harmony But jne ricn naa grown wealthier by the Industrie Which the war had favored theexcesse of the Commune gave a good excuse and a change wu desired the election resulted in their faror and they retained the power till 1878 The most important act of liberal legislation attempted by the retiring Ministry had been tbe lowering of the electoral lee or tax from 20 franc to 10 francs the ssme law providing for the ballot in the English form In which a crosa is placed ofcoslt the ntme of the preferred candidate It will be seen from this resume ot the political tdstory of the country that the Constitution remains virtusfly adopted is 1831 The King wields a great authority The Government Is centralised by the power which it possesses tn appointing provincial authorities and disapproving of local legislation Everything can be arranged by the Xing and hi Cabinet at Brussels Fortunately for the country no sane Belgian wants war or is Uk ly to want it and the King though having the power would not be likely to take the responsibility of declaring it The property qualification 11 often In the form ola fee which places it in the power of be rieb to control alarge number ot vote by fornishlngthe money to the elector There it therefore room for Improvement in many respects One reform not hitherto mAntlnnt W1 ill lttlAn tit ttl OrtmL the lnter provincial doty anf also the tai imposed by cities on the surrdunding country leaving Italy and France the only countries in the world which maintain this most offensive mode of taxation PUBLIC I5STECCTI0S The reform InSnodet of public instruc tion began promptly with the Independ ence of the country In 1830 the provisional government abrogated th laws which had tended to obstruct It and the congress which assembled Immediately afterward treated public edrtion one of the fundamental principles of pub lic liberty This hu since proved Its sal vation from the efforts of religious bodies to control It Higher education wu in a manner provided for but primary education especially in the rural districts wu not and for some yean remained in a highly demoralized condition Tbfse evils were remedied in part by the laws of 1833 abd 1843 which without suppressing private instruction organized the means of public Instruction In all branches Change and improvement have since been made by laws pused In 1879 fend 1881 The trouble with the Church regarding the matter remains al ways open The Church sttll struggles for supremacy It control most of the higher seminarie of learning and still hu nnder it management many primary schools In opposition to the Catholic university at Louvaln the Government maintains the free university at Brussels Primary and grammar schools are rapidly increasing and somethlngisbetBgdone for the higher education of girl It it thought by the socialist that all that is now needed to thwart the Sorts of the clergy to monopolize the education of youth is to make edu cation compulsory and then to furnish the means to render the lav operative Tai labo quxstiot The strikes which have taken place within the last few months with the ex cesses that attended nave had for chief result the giving ot the government to the Catholic party with an overwhelm ing majority In the Parliament The work ingmen cry for universal suffrage which they think would result in giving them a Parliament that wouli Ax the price of labor But the price ot labor is above Parliaments and universal suffrage in the case of Napoleon IU tometlntes makes an eggregioa blunder and perpetrate a great wrong The result of compulsory edneatlon aa a remedy ior all the evila that exist la of uncertain result The wages of worklngmen in Belgium are very low collien being paid 40 cent a day and less At in France the worklngmen demand that the mine should be retaken and worked by the state To thl it It replied that they pay their proprietors Utile now owing to English and French competition and if the State should endeavor to manage them it Is probable they would pay nothing at all or less than nothing According to official reports made Jut year half the coal mines of the country showed a deficit of 73471000 francs whilst th otheC half showed a profit ot 92873000 franca for the period from 1876 to 1884 that an annual profit of 1 2 500 000 franc How would it be pos sible it i asked to divide this small amount among 00000 persons taaln also into account the Interest on the capital Invested A similar reply wu made to the socialist organ at Paris daring the Peciieville strike the profits of coalmining in that district having been shown to be very small But then it is further uked it the Government become a collier should It not also become a metal lurglst a manufacturer of glut a miller a distiller or should It not csrry on all branches of business Instead ot leaving them to private capital Th Belgian collien are all Walloons except the few from th Flemish provinces that are among them and the German laborers who have come in within a few lean and who hare caused all the trouble Tbe Walloon is not naturally bad and not at all likely to do mischief unless pushed thereto by outside influences But hi wtget are small and he i not thrifty The Flemish collier can earn 6 francs a day or more than twice maoh he but still he could do much better lor scarcely any where in Europe are the necessaries ot lift so cheap In the coal region of Bel glum Bis resort to violence hu gained him nothing It hu thrown the Liberal party out of power from which aloneju could hope for aid and brought in the Clericals hi bitterest enemies It hu caused alarm everywhere and In many case converted timid Liberal into Conservatives If the strikes become genersl the trade that now come to Belgium and which Belgium retain merely because her price for labor more nearly approaches th paaper stand ard wIH go to France and England Those who are exploiting the coal mines the proprietors ot foundries machine shops glass works and all those whose capital carries on all tb multitudinous interest of the country will be ruined or disabled and when worle Is resumed It win have to be at wage even lower than those that now prevail Th Belgian collier Is very much like the common laborer everywhere hut only a lime more unreasonaiuev The effect of the success of the clerical party at the late elections cat only be to keep the country where It 1 for the present The wheU of progress cannot be turned backward Even the most conserv stive would not dare propose any change in tne law regulating public intrucuonto secure religion orden in the possession of a greater amount of property or to raise the fee demanded of th voter Under Pope Pius DC thes thing might have been attempted but not under th less arbitrary LeoXlTlfor appeal to Borne against the priest rould be once more made were mad torn yean ago It must be remembered that a large part of the clerical party is so merely from policy and not ut matter ot belief 4um SCTurrxy THE LOCAL JAPANESE EigliriTniuh ea Eesitlent in This City THEIR SBDOS FORXEARSIXG Short Sketch 4of their Adreat ana Progress in SiiflVaneisco ti a It I often remtrr ifv8 or P188 hrin In contact with xuuomui Arouuaonaoi people In thl ty that one race of people who onlFe few yean ago were total strsnger here are now visiting or making thelrhome among in large numbers These are the Japanese Jpn 1 our nearest Best em neighbor Herart adorn Mir home her youth attend onrehool and it fan fcoMiblenow totak a walk along any of ff5JjPl fhorougware without meet OftheMlkdo HeiseasnydUtlnguIthed by his short round stall oblique eyc ptomibent cheek bonedrt brown hail scant bcanL The archipelago el taChSpMeB JooPocd is inhabited by a race that at first sigh greatly resemblerthe Chinese Inform ana exterior bat the eye of the Jepanese at though placed almost a obliquely that of the Chinese I wider dear th note and the hair unlike tiutof tbeChlneTis not uniformly black but of a deep brown hue The Japanese it proud of hi country ani fjhe great stride which it I msitng fat civilization and nothing can be mora offensive to him than to be taken or Sfce1eXTmpirVl0W0lntttb561 ncvoisis or ksowlxdokv The first Japanese to settle in San Fran fwer persons who arrive ner Irom the Sand wlf ll i im I Ie nnmhen were added to very slowlr llwhenitMestimedthrewere cweaiuuuacity A great many ot ft oOeeo saburo Fijif the Japanese Consul and eo cording to the statistic furnished by that gentleman 297 had registered there up to the dose of the year 1884 and 657 up to the close of the last year According to Myamsone of the best known and one of the longest resident Japanese here thera are at present a little over 800 of hi countrymen residing in thf city and vicinity Of these upward ol forty art 1 women abourtwenty of whom are mar riedi One married couple eep laundry in thl city and another couple conduct a restauraavin Oakland The daughters ol both couple ttend the public achool lit thl city Two of the married women are being educated at the 47nlversity of the Pacific at San Jose while oaahHt lady Miss Bono it studying law at the same institution and When she graduates contemplates returning to Japan and passing her examination to be admitted to tht wiucu women ire equally eligible with men Some orthe women are oe enpied house servants In families where their husbands are employed buflen gardeners etOi and seven of the number ate courtesan There are perhaps five sit Japanese in business In a small way in this city but they admit themaelra tht they do sot make a success of it and afut iuuuiig Dusues two or three year generally fall TK majority of the Jap anese who have arrived here lately art between 15 and 23 yean of age and they are nearly all the sons of tvtu Af tfc middle class small merchants farmers mmi puHa uwing tome compulsory educational law that i in vogue in Japan an ef them are to a certain extent educated before they leave home au4 their principal object in coming here Is tq obtain an ngUsh education and study rh mannen and customs of the white people so that on returning to their native lang they wUl stand a better hanc of obtain ingr remunerative employment Another reason which brings a number here pro6 ably i that iu their own country they are subject to military duty which interferes with their studies end 1 very di tasteful to them sow thx JAriitrsx uvs On arriving here the first obtect of tf young Japanese Is to get employment to keep himself while he is pursuing his stud les Very few of them have been used to any um vi wa at nome ana toey often engage house serysnts without other com cessation than room and board at flrrt with the privilege of attending school dor ing the day or in th evening After a year of so they usually receive from SI 60 to 2 week About ISO of them are attending the mission school out of working hourt whil about forty areregular attendant at the public schools Here ana in Oakland Quite a number attend the evening public schools while other sttend private school after their dy a work 1 done There are over a dozen enrolled is the Lincoln Grammar School five in the High School three in tbe OaklAd High School three In th Hopkins Academy and three in th State Cnivenlty Atleur two third of these work morning and evening before and after school hours while the othen are sobs of wealthier parents who are able to provide fofihem while being educated One of the pupil at the Lincoln School is a graduate ot Toklo University while several of those at the mission school son of noblemen number of those here are professed Christians but the majority are what the Consul call skeptics that is AtheUta tnougn torn Cling to the religion of nuaanuzi wnica promise rest in heaven after many transformations births and repeated miseries of life snd death Here they nave no temple and so prests When uked to their opinion of a place of future punishment they answer with an old Japanese proverb Jigoku noaU mo Kane shldai or the tortures of hell are graded according to the amount of money one has When uked by a Caeoiicu reporter why there were net more Japanese women here one of the men said The les women the better a womans tongue three inches long can kill a man glx feet high While the Japanese can be natureUzea and become citizen to far only two have availed themselves of the privilege There are soma mansion In thl city and in Oakland where th whole force ot ten vast including butler gardener house servants etc are Japanese They are docile intelligent and polite Many de cure their intentions of becoming citizen soon qualified They are arriving it Increasing numbers on every incomint steamer oora ine uncus ana at no Jay distant date may be destined to become power or play a part in local politic Only On of Sympathy Maude he said tenderly putting hi cane and gloves and hat down on th floor wIH yon melwj meT Sa air the answered coldly I will not Oh Maude think befoah yon speak hsurjed he adjusted hi necktie Wilt yon be my wiier No str th replied emphatically I wonX Maude he murmured yon have made me verwy verwy happy I only awaked yon out Of sympathy dont you know The way he went out ol the house reminded those who uw it ot a sensational account ol a Western cjclon I What tb Card Represent Soto Trmetur Th card it the epitome of ciriltiatlen A lady visiting card Is representatlrei and tmplfes far more than tbe mere date of name and residence Giving youhec card a lady give with It her social recognition her good will her remembrance the cafrce to her bouse The card belnt thus representative should stand for morf than it often does A card I a can and Mr among special friend It 1 themot desirable form Of a call It Implies that you are held tn kindly regard and that future meetings wUl be agreeable It doe away with any possibility mistakes ot with any awkwardness or xnanc meetings In fact the card is the sign and jitV bol of social enlightenment and deserve to be canonised i ret la Ylae of Children Jjtwliiak OtCiJovneU I called on a queer family laAlna recently said a Btth doctor They have no children bnt they have altogether too many pets to suit me Th woman opened tb door and let In a cat Then the old man let itt a dog Pretty toon heard pecking at the window pane and a weird voice laying Cold cold The woman hastily raised the window when in flew and old black crow The crow could say several words with much distinctness I had hot seep all their family yet Is a short time two white mice appeared on the floor They were anxioa to make my acquaintance it seenied for they crswled un my legs and inside my cost till I shivered and the old man took them and kissed them Postmaster Jlopkln recently received the following order from a box holder Post Master pleas give my male tothe bear Atoaai Jftittagffi a LS.