The Honolulu Advertiser from Honolulu, Hawaii • 15

HONOLULU ADVERTISER Tuesday, February 12. 1971 B-3 tize X498 identity crisis here ENJOY LUNCH OR DINNER AT friends and family originated in the "giri" system I 7T if RESTAURANT and DELICATESSEN of Japan, Ogawa said. "Giri behavior is created out of a moral obligation to reciprocate in turn what one person gives to another. "The individual Issei (first generation immigrant, Japanese), would not have been able to' survive on the plantation without the cooperation and obligation of his friends and relatives," he said. TODAY "GIRI" is alive and well among Japanese Americans and all other races in Hawaii who band together to help a friend paint his house, repair a car or prepare for a feast.

Later, they receive similar help from those who have become obligated to him. Besides exchanging time, energy and skills, "giri" spells out a formal obligation to give money or gifts for every sad or happy occasion, with the assurance that a gift of equal value will be returned when the giver is faced with a crisis or celebration. "When a Japanese American is given a gift you can rest assured that he will not feel comfortable until he has reciprocated in a like manner," the author said. OGAWA, 30-year-old associate professor in the American Studies department of the University of Hawaii, is director of the Japanese-American Research Center which opened two and a half years ago. The Center has produced an annotated bibliography of all English publications about Japanese Americans in Hawaii, plus writings in Japanese up to 1967.

It's first academic book, titled "For the Sake of the Children," has been accepted-for publications by the University Press of Hawaii. "Then they wanted a more popular type of book I took the job of writing 'Jan Ken Po'," Ogawa said. The forwardof his book was written by Sen. Daniel K. Inouye.

DELICATESSEN BY DAY (Monday through Saturday) from 8 A.M. A Large Variety of Tasty FexxJ Sushi-TerrtporcJ-Teriyalci-SairrtirvLWorvSoba Hot Dishes Every Dory-Luncheon Plates. RESTAURANT BY NIGHT Monday through Friday) from 4 P.M.. Shrimp Tempura-Sukiyaki-Teriyaki Steaks-Teishoku of Shrimp ond Beef-Tonkatsu- mm Shoyu Butterfish-Sashimi-and much more llvVT Advertiser prtoto oy David Yamada ALL PUPAJtID BY AN DTPEST CHEF CSLB MASAYU IZUMOTO Ogawa: a long and continuous game of Jan Ken Po." said, "It's hard to make generalizations. These cultures were nurtured in a Hawaiian setting.

The younger generation is going more in terms of love. There's a definite trend for more inter-racial marriages developing." The Japanese American's sense of obligation to By MARY COOKE Aihertiser Staff Writer One of the first products of the Japanese-American Research Center, created and financed by the Honolulu Japanese Chamber of Commerce, is a book symbolically titled "Jan Ken Po." a study of the cultural identity of Japanese Americans in Hawaii. "The history of the Japanese American ethnic group, in relation to all other ethnic groups, has been a long and continuous game of Jan Ken Po," said the author. Dr. Dennis M.

Ogawa. JAN KEN PO, a game of chance brought to Hawaii by Asian immigrants, is played by a pair of opponents who simultaneously flash one of three hand signals: Flat open palm 'paper), clenched fist 'stone) or two fingers forming a (scissors). The winner is determined on the basis of "paper wraps stone, stone smashes scissors or scissors cut paper." Ogawa said Japanese Americans, building their cultural identity in Hawaii, faced the uncertainties symbolized by Jan Ken Po. Conscious of undercurrents of both friendliness and hostility, each of their major moves has been a gamble: Could they achieve status and financial stability as immigrant plantation laborers? Could they gradually become Americanized and still maintain an ethnic coherency? In time of war. would they be recognized as an integral part of the Island community, or be suspected and condemned as enemies? After World War II, would other ethnic groups resent their achievements and progress in every field of growth and leadership? TAKING ADVANTAGE of their opportunities in an American community, and aware of the challenges, Ogawa said Japanese Americans of Hawaii have merged without an identity crisis because, to them, being neither Americans of America or Japanese of Japan "ain't no big thing." According to Ogawa.

most members of the Island Japanese community identify with Hawaii first, and secondarily with the fact of being Japanese or American. Ogawa said their record of "over achievement," and the fact that Japanese American families in Hawaii have the lowest rates of divorce, crime, juvenile delinquency and illegitimate births, is largely the result of steady cultural pressures which originated in Japan and were tempered in Hawaii. THE MAIN thrusts of their inherited Japanese concepts are to build an exemplary "family image" and to meet one's obligations to friends and family. "Don't forget what you could do to our family image." still serves as an effective check on Japanese American children who toy with the idea of quitting school, disobeying their parents, relaxing their moral standards or dating or marrying someone with a "bad reputation Ogawa said Japanese American children are taught to honor and respect their parents and are obligated to please them "But it's not absolute. It's open to interpretation and a lot of adaptation takes place," he said.

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