The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 12

12 THE GUARDIAN Friday May 11 1962 Betting on horses rose by 55 millions in 1961 Bookmakers report more women customers By our own Reporter AEU ADOPTS GAITSKELL LINE ON THE SIX Tight squeeze or a victory By our Industrial Staff Britain's "pool of ability" WHY IN SOUTH? By our own Reporter Why do more State scholarships go to children in the South than to those in the North A memoran dum prepared by the West Riding education department and pre The turnover on all forms of gambling in 1961, the first year of the Betting and Gaming Act, rose by 79 millions to 762,431,675. This estimate is made by the Churches Council on Gambling in its annual report published yesterday. Much of the rise is accounted for by the emergence of the commercial bingo clubs, in which 25 millions was taken in stake money. The betting on horse-racing increased by 55 millions sented to the education committee's policy and finance subcommittee speculates on the reasons behind this preponderance of Southern winners. It asks 1.

Is the population of the South, and particularly of the commuting Metropolitan counties, more intelligent than that of the North, and does it therefore produce a higher proportion of Intelligent children (The Metropolitan counties are given as Berkshire, Bucking- and reached il40 millions. While fixed odds football betting rose by 5 millions, the amount staked on football pools dropped by nearly 10 millions. The council does not believe its efforts were responsible for this drop, but that it was largely due to the Post Office go-slow, cancellation of games, and the increasing popularity of fixed odds betting. The council is worried by the ease with which it has been possible to get around the law for gaming through the formation of the bingo clubs and gaming clubs. They both make their profit by charging the members and guests for admission to the gaming.

It aslcs to what extent is it desirable for things to be done under an umbrella of a club which are illegal outside, especially if club membership is as easily obtained as admission to public entertainment. The gaming clubs, believed to have numbered more than a hundred by the end of 1961, are more likely to perpetuate themselves than the bingo clubs, as within them may be formed the compulsive habit of gambling. Neither the attitudes they breed nor the influence they spread are likely to be good, and the law which allows them needs amending quickly. Need for funds At the meeting in London yesterday at which the report was presented, the chairman of the Council, the Bishop of Croydon, asked to what use our money could be put if we thought about it. Last year a large missionary society was delighted at raising 68,000 for its work, while at the same time 683 millions were spent on gambling.

While we wasted so much money on gambling, people in India were dying of starvation and there were crying needs for funds to help in the Congo and other areas. Mr W. T. Williams, MP, who spoke at the meeting, said that the sin in gambling was that it was a manifestation of people caring more for themselves than other people. The task of the churches was not to get people to stop wasting their money but to bring-them to the realisation that they were, children of God and should do nothing-to harm their neighbours.

namsnire, tisex, iieruorasrure, Kent, and Surrey.) 2. Are the social and speech habits of the South more akin to what the universities look for in their open scholars n-here, it will be remembered, awards are automatically supplemented by the State 3. Do the results of the southern examining boards carry more weight than those of the Northern Universities' joint Matriculation Board? 4. Is there greater ambition among parents in the South, or is It that northern parents have set their sights at the two-year training college course rather than delay earning for a further one or even two years Drain on North The memorandum says that these Questions hasfri nn a TMrHncr nff St Nicholas Cole Abbey Church, in London EC 4, was yesterday reconsecrated by the Bishop of London, Dr Stopford, after repair of. the damage done to it during the war.

The altar rail, pulpit, and font are original, designed by Sir Christopher Wren Premature The Council believes it premature to try to assess the results of the 1960 Act, but states that the bingo and gaming clubs and the increased amount spent on horse race betting certainly result from the Act. There were reports from bookmakers that more women were betting now that there were betting shops, and that many men wagered more money than before because they could remain in the betting offices during racing hours. The Act had apparently succeeded in limiting illegal cash betting, and children could no longer take their parents' betting slips to the street-runner. The Council wonders whether irregularities and illegalities will not follow and mentions street runners in public houses and the danger of betting facilities being afforded outside the permitted hours by being situated next to public houses and clubs. Mr Byrne gives warning Communist machine "not destroyed" By our Llandudno Correspondent Ministry of Education's selected statistics for 19B0-1 will "no doubt be considered by those such as the Robbins Committee, whose job it is to find out what is happening to the country's pool of The compiler of the memorandum took the Ministry statistics, drew a line from the Wash to the Wirral, and twice used the word empire a term seldon heard at trade union conferences, except when used in an historical and derogatory sense.

The clearest exposition of the Communist party line came from Mr Claude Berridge, the only Communist on the AEU executive council. He said This new economic integration, which is the counterpart of NATO, is an econmoic political, and military alliance to preserve capitalism as against the Soviet Union and the new democracies." Mr A. Harvey, of Southend, said that the safeguards Labour was asking were virtually impossible to attain. He asked the committee How can you go into something which we- know has already got the wholehearted support of the Conservative Party which has never done anything to our benefit Positive statement Mr A. Boyle, of Warwick, thought that the committee was not being asked to adopt a wait and see attitude it was making a positive statement for if the guarantees demanded were not achieved it would expect a Labour Government to withdraw Britain from the market.

Mr John Boyd, a member of the Lbour Party Executive, did not attempt to hide his enthusiasm for British membership of the Market. He described a world full of actual or potential common markets the Soviet Union, United States, Africa, South America. How could a small country like Britain stay out of Europe? Mr Carron said it was a pity everybody had not actually read the Rome Treaty, for it was always hazardous to take decisions without adequate knowledge of the facts. It was not a fact, he said, as suggested in the anti-Market resolution, that the bargaining power of trade unions would be weakened within the Common Market. Unity resolution If he were arguing the case for or against Britain going in, on balance he would argue that we should go in, but with so much still in doubt it would be suicidal to make a decision at this moment.

He added It is not yet established, and you can take this for granted that the Tory Government is going to take us into the Common Market." Earlier today, the national committee adopted a general and extremely vaguely worded unity resolution and reaffirmed its last year's rejection of the unilateralist defence policy. The unity resolution urged that priority be given to the election of a Labour Government pursuing "a defence and foreign policy capable of uniting the party and sufficiently flexible to take full cognisance of changing circumstances. This is as meaningful or meaningless as anybod ychooses to make it. It will give the AEU leadership all the scope for manouvre it could wish and might even prove useful for taking cognisance of the evolving Common Market situation, An attempt to weaken the unity resolution was defeated by 35 to 17, and the bomb was not banned by 30 to 22. Folkestone, Thursday By only two votes, the national committee of the Amalgamated Engineering Union today refrained from committing the union's 750,000 Labour "party conference votes, and dne, million votes at the Trades Virion Congress, against Britain joining the Common Market under any circumstances.

Jnstead it decided, by 27 votes to 25, that the union's policy should be to "oppose" entry unless and until guarante.es are obtained protecting ttie position of British agriculture and -horticulture, the European Free Trade 'Association, and the Commonwealth and the right to pursue nationalisation and planning policies at home in other, words, the condition set out by Mr Gaitskell in his television broadcast. On the face of it, this commits the AEU to a policy more hostile to Europe, at least in tone, than the official Labour Party and TUC policies. The Labour Party policy is not to oppose anything at this juncture, but simply to wait and see what the terms are, while letting the Government know what it considers they should be. in practice the resolution passed today, will enable Mr Bill Carron, the AEU president, to keep in step with the development of Labour policy. The resolution does not specify what would constitute satisfactory guarantees, nor does it attempt to commit the partv to any course of action should it find iteelf in power (or fighting an election) after the present Government has negotiated us into Europe.

Noncommitment policy in the context of today's debate, which was on a resolution Which stated This national committee believes the time Is now opportune foe the Labour and trade union movements to declare its opposition to Britain entry into the European Common Market," the resolution which was in the end adopted may be interpreted and will be so interpreted by Mr Carron as embodying a policy of noncommitment. -Mr Carron admitted during the debate that it went a bit far for his personal taste towards opposition, but when somebody afterwards said "A tight siuezze, Bill," he replied, smiling, "Or you could call Ha victory." The AEU now becomes the second of the Big Six unions to adopt a careful line. Aftar the shopworkers' decision last week to wait and see with Mr Gaitskell, it now seems more than likely that Labour will escape from this year's conference season without any serious injury to its newfound and fragile unity. debate lasted for 2J hours, and. in addition to four speeches from the platform, half of the 52 members of the AEU's policy-making committee took part.

Ranged against the platform were members of the Communist Party and readers of the Beaverbrook press in. what was referred to as an unholy alliance. Seconding the anti-Market resolution; Mr A. Martin, of Bamsgate, us about 100,000 odd and it has not compared the 15 counties to the North and the 33 to the South. Hp found that only one county in the North iirusned el -to correct an issue which with goodwill might have been and should have been corrected by the ETU itself.

Fraudulent elections and commun (Cheshire) obtained more State scholarships than the averano nf all AR ism are synonymous in their methods counties. ana controls were is no aiucrencc. It is clear," says the memorandum, "that the North is the area which nrnrllipps ihf nnn-irrnrTiiatn The Communists in the trade union movement held secret meetings and decided policy, sometimes under the chairmanship of the Communist Party industrial organiser and men who were These it must export in large numbers to the South, which produces fewer of inum man it neeus. mis arain on tne northern teachers is likely to increase in the immpriiatn fntiirp nc tho not members of the union. "The method ot balloting in the ETU Mr John Byrne, general secretary of the Electrical Trades Union, said yesterday The Communist Party industrial machine has not been destroyed by the Electrical Trades Union case.

They are working harder than ever maybe a little more underground but they are still working." Mr Byrne was conveying fraternal greetings to the national delegate conference of the National Association of Theatrical and Kine Employees at Llandudno. Mr Byrne referred to the events in his own union leading up to the High Court action, and said that one of the measures that would bring protection from fraudulent elections was always resisted on the grounds of cost. For the cost we failed to pay during a period of 15 years we paid very heavily, and are paying just now. It cost "Mass exodus" of policemen if no pay increase The next 18 months will be a make, or break period in the police service, according to Sergeant Norman Clark, the chairman of the Scottish Police. Federation, at the annual conference of the federation at Callander, Perth- must no for ever.

Votes must be taken extended courses of the South FISCHER NEARLY I IN TEARS Defeat by Korchnoi By our Chess Correspondent Bobby Fischer, the American teenage chess prodigy, was on the verge of tears after losing his fifth round game in the Candidates' tournament in Curacao, according to an Associated Press report. By defeating Fischer, Victor Korchnoi of Russia has moved up to share the lead with his com increase. by an independent authority responsible for sending out the ballot papers and receiving them from the individual members. Only by that way are we coine to be sure in the future that the ballot in the ETU will be above board. We hope DIVED INTO RIVER TO SAVE CHILD Then gave him "kiss of life" Mr Arthuur Henshaw, an ambulance an iraue unions win Denetit irom our experience." Strike "example" snire, yesterday.

He said If it iappears that we are not to move forward in step with other workers there will be a mass exodus' from the service. There will be a patriots, Keres and Geller. Wblte Fisher. Black: Korchaoi. Presenting his report.

Sir Tom O'Brien, general secretary, told the White Black conference damaging loss of both very young and verv mroGMPmwn nffirwn Xt-KB3 P-KKU B-Kta Cutlet P.B4 O-R Q-B3 Q-B5 QxRP QxKt en-ia QxP B-K4 Q-Mch. Q-R3 PxP Lord Snowdon to see Leeds Design show Lord Snowdon is to visit Leeds on IT. KtxKt 38. P-E3 U. Q-B3 30.

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83 B3 driver, beard cries for help while he was planting cabbages yesterday in the back garden of his riverside home In West View, Bocester, Staffs. He ran to the bank, saw a neighbour's two-year-old being swept away, dived in and brought the boy safely ashore and then gave him artificial respiration and the mouth-to-mouth kiss of lite." Dr. John Hamrel, who was called by a neighbour, said later: "Mr Henshaw's prompt action and initiative undoubtedly saved the boy's life." The boy, Alan Barlow, was last night reported to be comfortable" in Derby Children's Hospital. BxB 38. to none ana mat may nave to oe taKen.

Tuesday, primarily to see the Design Centre comes to Leeds" exhibition. P-QJM Q-KO Xt-QKti BxP JCtxB KlxP A speedy settlement of their claim for a- 5 per cent increase wac necessary if the authorities were-to be seen to be willing to maintain the standards set by the Royal Commission. "Settlement of our claim for five-day week should not be delayed. This claim was long overdue and only the peculiar pressure of. drcumstances prevented it being made at an earlier date.

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"Let me warn the employers especially those employing the lower paid workers that they cannot go on much longer bleating about the poverty of their industry and making excuses when the entertainment Industry has In other games, Filip lost to Tal, Keres drew with Geller, and Benko adjourned with a slight advantage Mr Hugh Gaitsk2 is visiting the exhibition today. never Been so prosperous. against fetrosian. wi -m-mm mm a mm ttmi tmam a- Mnni mm 111 HS' JB- I mm mmw mm mm mm mi mmsaMjm mm mm mm mm acv as 1-." into the air! messages, instructions 'A. WKmm-' WOfikf Sidelines, to, make nyingexa pioneered I progress throughout the field of modern rArT a Rni it ni mni0.

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