The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 4

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN WEDNESDAY OCTOBER 20 1954 Our London Correspondence Fleet Street, Tuesday Night RIMBAUD THE PRECURSOR Visionary and Rebel nist line" merely because they had stated years ago an 'opinion now unpopular with people in authority. Fortunately the new indictment has still to be heard in court. But after so much political pressure will the hearing be fair which will report to the Ministers this week. It is most encouraging that M. Mendes-France promises a final decision from the French Assembly before the end of the year.

And even on the Saar. a stubborn knot, the outlook seems favourable. Inspect the Surkic By Enid a generation nvid for Arthur interest to years ago A hundred Rimbaud, one of the major French the National Liberal Club last night The library and reading-room of the club well proportioned though inelegant in style became for three hours quite spirited saloons, sparkling with the orders and decorations that were worn. None was more impressive than Sir Oliver Franks, but Lord Samuel was a gay figure. He made a little speech and then circulated among the quests on the arm of Sir Ronald Walker the Liberal equiva sensation.

As well as drawing on conscious he would have the superconscious for poets and a world poet as well. was born the small provincial town of Charleville in Northern France. the recalled it artistic also the material. Rimbaud saw During the last quarter of a century significance of the JAGUAR Range of Models for 1955 at HENLYS unconsicous He believed The Motor Industry The Motor Show which opens at Earls Court to-day is certainly the most heartening for the English motorist since the war it is also perhaps the most tantalising. The home buyer can visit the show knowing that he may actually buy any of the cars displayed there, and that there have been few The Parliamentary Labour party has officially lifted the ban on pairing which it imposed in a fit of pique over the hostility of the Tories to the increase in members' pay.

The ban was already fraying before the summer recess. To-day it has gone. Lord Kilmuir The innovation of Sir David Maxwell Fyfe to his viscountcy and to the Woolsack was achieved in a mere ten minutes in the Lords this afternoon. It seemed no time at all before he became Viscount Kilmuir of Creich in the County of Sutherland. Even Scottish reporters in the press gallery were baffled by the Creich and were glad to refer to the new Lord Chancellor by the poets memories of childhood.

that the child any country who have exercised I more tnan tne possesses senses rational adu 1 accurately conscious tuned to reitistc-. without control the must v.vtd The National Trust The National Trust's annual report gives welcome evidence of growing strength. Its membership continues to increase, although the minimum has been doubled for new members there are now about 49,000 members, as against 44,450 at the beginning of the year and less than 8,000 in 1946. Its net deficit on the year's working was much smaller than for some years past. But there is a snag here, which anyone minded to contribute to the Trust's work ought to bear in mind.

The Trust, as the report explains, has both a more mnuence tnan tic. or who have seemed more in harmony with contemporary conditions and preoccupations. Yet this interest was not a sudden or rapid growth. His light as Gide said in another connection was like lent, they seemed, of Dizzy and Lord Rowton. It was a surprise and a pleasure to see Sir Henry Morris-Jones, formerly Liberal National member for Denbigh In his retirement he has brooded over the political scene and is firmly convinced of the need for the distinctive Liberal witness.

Sir Henry was the sensations, and he imagined that there must be some hidden significance in such unalloyed emotional experience whicn it would be valuable to recapture and make although he may still have to wait for delivery if he chooses one of the more popular models, waiting time is a matter of months and no longer of years. The British motor industry form. Much that nf ntlP nf fhnco ri ktant stars i linducili ill UUl'llt Llovd Georges' family doctor more familiar name of Kilmuir. He had been on the Woolsack at prayers while still a commoner. Then England's Largest Jaguar Distributors 1.3 PETER MANCHESTER Phone BLAckfriars 7843 FOR FULL DETAILS SEE ANNOUNCEMENT ON PAGE 8 North Wales, and writing a book which will be partlv political and partlv medical Hi has one or two anecdotes of Sir Winston which he believes to be new.

and which he feels has more than doubled its output of cars since 1947 last year it could export cars worth more than 100 millions and still provide nearly 300,000 new cars for the home market. These are immense achievements, and the industry's plans for capital development promise general fund, out of which any sort of expenditure can come, and numerous special funds, which may be used only in connection with par modern literature is precisely this recapturing of lost intuitive sensations and memories, and there can rarely have been so many works inspired by childhood as have been produced since the First World War. The Power of Vision Furthermore the child has an unconscious visionary gift which the materialism of life too often destroys, but the poet, reliving deliberately his early experience, Rimbaud thought, should do all in his power to retain this divine faculty. For him poetry was akin to mysticism and wmch only reaches us a long time after the star itself is dead The reason for the slow development of his popularity may be in part, though not wholly, that he himself published only three of his poems and his "Saison en Enfer." A further obstacle to appreciation was lack of a scholarly and reliable edition of his writings, the first such being the one edited by Bouillane de Lacoste which only began to aopear in 1939. There are further reasons which explain why.

when his work first appeared, during the Symbolist movement, the men of letters of the after a pause he came oacK nas scarlet robes, ermine trimmed, supported by Viscounts Woolton and Hudson to take his seat. He bowed to the empty but brightly lit throne, took the oath and signed it. and retired to make another quick change of costume. The Chamber was fuller than usual and there were many former colleagues of the former Home Secretary watching from galleries or from more privileged positions Flood of Compliments ticular properties. If a special fund has a surplus on the year, this cannot be transferred to meet a deficiency elsewhere if it has a deficit, this must be made good from the general fund, which thus loses on the swings without gaining on the roundabouts.

In production on an even greater scale in the fairly near future. But many would-be motorists in England must still consider these achievements it his duty to give to the public. Souped Up The press preview of the 1954 Motor Show at Earls Court took place to-day in the. state of semi-chaos which seems to be traditional for this affair. Lady Docker, glittering with diamonds, ducked agilely as men paint-spattered overalls marched by carrying a ladder film starlets picked a dainty path over electric cables and under tarpaulins to pose for photographs and on the stand of a prophetic vision, and the poet was no day did not take him to their aay a.a not um nm.

to uien i ho wh maUesas tho hearts as they did Baudelaire and mcaniIUJ of thp word xmph-bM he Warmer Iho Kvrrmrvlict mnvflmpnt i Wagner. The Symbolist movement THE GUARDIAN Manchester Wednesday OCTOBER 20 1954 wno sees, nas the power of vision. There can be no doubt that, at the time of his fullest belief in himself as a poet and a seer, he was granted the The procedure of induction is a modest one for so great an office. The new Lord Chancellor comes in with his supporters and Black Rod, the Earl Marshal, Garter King of Arms, and the Lord Great Chamberlain. The letters patent are taken from Garter and laid upon the Throne.

There is a great deal of bowing, doffing of tricorn and cocked hats, and occasional murmurs of Hear. was a period of extreme sophistication and refinement in sensation when the parlour of Des Esseintes, with its magnolias, its lilies, and its incense, had become the ivory tower of literature when the aesthetic ideal of life, the gesture of living and its trappings, was more important than life itself. Then PERSECUTION manufacturer of transmissions there was only a nameplate this afternoon where to-morrow it is said there will be a train of epicyclic gears. The lights will be burning late to-night at Earls Court, one feels Two trends are discernible this year final vision and reached the Inner Castle of which Saint Teresa of Avila wrote, where he enjoyed supernatural and perfect bliss. Many are the modern poets such as Henri Pichette The Lattimore case becomes more disgraceful at each stage.

The Administration in Washington, what in France and David Gascovne and Villfers De L'Isle Adam had cried in Axel Live Our servants will do hear," but not until the purely ceremonial part of the proceedings Dylan Thomas in England who follow Rimbaud in his visional adventure wryly the initial cost of a new car, and heavy running costs, still put motoring beyond their reach. A married man with 1,000 a year nowadays can scarcely run a car unless he possesses a cherished veteran from before the war, or is sufficiently mechanically minded to be able to buy an elderly vehicle and keep it in running repair himself. The car in many a garage depends on a wife's earnings, and if she has to give up work to look after a young family the car must go. Yet a car is particularly valuable to those with young children. These difficulties are, no doubt, in keeping with the times, but the Chancellor of the Exchequer could reasonably ask himself whether the combination of high purchase tax and an exceptionally heavy duty on petrol is fair either to the motor industry or to the motoring public.

It is a severe 1953-4, for instance, several special funds had an aggregate surplus of about 14,000 others had deficits totalling 15,000, which the general fund had to meet. There is a natural pull towards the special funds benefactors are more often impelled to preserve a specific building or piece of country than to contribute generally. The year's principal benefactions listed in this report include (besides actual properties and endowments for some of them) 42,750 given in respect of particular properties and only 13,000 in untied donations and slightly more than a third of the 87,000 received in legacies went into special accounts. Intending donors should always consider whether they would do better not to earmark what they can give. ends.

When Lord Kilmuir as undoubted Lord Chancellor took his uncomfort that for us For the poets of that time Rimbaud's uncompromising directness, his harsh realism, and even his austere visionary experience held little charm Nihilism the splashy new luxury models which have been unveiled by the makers of the Standard popular cars, and the low-cost estate cars which are now being put on the market by four of the Big Six." The newest of the luxury models is the Austin Westminster, which was shown publicly to-day for the first time. Its rivals are the Vauxhall Cresta and the Ford Zodiac. The styling of able seat on the Woolsack the flood of compliments began. It must have been embarrassing to so unassertive ever it inougnt or ivir j-iaiiimore, should have dropped the case last July. At that time the Court of Appeal dismissed the principal charge of perjury against Mr Lattimore.

At that time he had already suffered for four years by being cut off from his academic work, by public vilification, by dislocation of his private life, and by loss of income. Yet the Department of Justice pursued what now appears as a scandalous vendetta. It But with the ending of the First World War everything changed. In a man to hear himself praised from all sides by Lord Jowitt, the Leader of the Opposition, by Lord Samuel, and by Lord Salisbury, Leader of the the disillusionment with the resulting peace and with the tinsel gaiety of the twenties, when the ideals with tnese, described by a salesman as souped up," involves fancier tyres, extra chrome and two-tonp colour schemes. House as a man of courage, integrity, scrupulous fairness, and great industry.

But there was which the war ended had vanished. when the great slump came and fascism was widespread, then the young men of letters recoiled Any special trust in which they are interested can, after all, draw on the general fund if in need. violently against those in authority, and there ensued a period of This new conception of poetry entailed new modes and a new language. Rimbaud tried to convey his rare sensations in a new vocabulary and in new forms. He hoped, in doing this, to escape from conventional poetic language, conventioml poetic beauty, and to change the hierarchy of values.

Similar trends are found in the modern poets of the Auden school, who, in their desire to escape from the traditional well-made line and literary images, made the trivial and commonplace poetic. All the new rhythms and forms of modern poetry are to be found in Rimbaud's writings, and in France at least the art has as yet progressed no farther than the point where he abandoned it. As Edith Sitwell says, it cannot be doubted that he is the originator of modern verse and prose rhythms, and that he was to modern English prose and verse poems what Poe was to Baudelaire and Mallarme. His accomplishment in the prose poem is particularly significant for poets to-day. Stephen Spender says that, living as we do in an age of prose, the medium most suited, even to poetic imagination, when it deals with the complexity and abstraction of modern life, is prose.

This is shown in the popularity enjoyed iconoclasm when no poet seemed more in harmony with the general form of double taxation a car cannot leave its garage without contributing to the revenue, and yet the Government demands a heavy impost before it is allowed to enter its garage. On one or other prong of this modern Morton's fork some concession seems due. sought and obtained a new indictment against Mr Lattimore, and the case now seems likely to drag on for at least another year. That is bad enough. What is worse, from a British point of view, is that the scraping together of evidence has involved the British police, the Home Office, and the American Embassy in True to Form nothing artmcial about tne compliments and Lord Kilmuir received them, with whatever inward flutter-ings, with the calm and modesty which had also been mentioned among his qualities.

Frank Waters Frank Waters, the managing director of the "News Chronicle," was an amiable, enthusiastic giant of a man, but with a quick mind and boundless disgust and revolt than Rimbaud. He too, in his own day, had been That extraordinary and extra bitterly wounded by existing condi ordinarily sucGessful institution the B.B.C. has done well to revive the There are other factors which may practice of putting out its own hand tions, and it was the blessure et revolte in him which the new poets first appreciated his nihilism and refusal of life as he found it. To the disgusted and disillusioned generation of the thirties this seemed the book (published to-dav at 5s). This Names for Station Wagons The estate cars pose a pretty problem.

Some firms call them station wagons, American style, while others resort to euphemisms. Hillman have produced the Husky. Morris the Traveller, and Austin the Countryman. These estate cars have the advantage that one can fold up the rear seats against the front ones, turning the vehicle into a sort of delivery van. One may haul a load of sacked potatoes in from the country in the afternoon and use the same car to set forth at night in white tie and tails.

Or so the makers claim, and one learns that such is already the practice of the smart set in Westchester County, New York, where the term station wagon is said to have originated. Blewcoat School soon compel the Chancellor to think of the long-term problems of the explains how the B.BC came to be what it is. how it works in all its sublimest form of pride. manv branches, and what it did in the year 1953-4. It goes into the obligations whether laid down by statute or by the general will as the B.C.

has sensed it which make the energy. Rumours reached Fleet Street that he had been taken seriously ill while on holiday in France, but nobody imagined that his life was in danger. He was only 46. and he had been a great Rugger forward in the Scottish and Cambridge sides. At any time his death would have been a heavy blow to his paper but it has come at a most inappropriate moment.

It is only a few days since the "News Chronicle" appointed a new editor and two Rimbaud negation and total rejection are found in the post-war literary schools in all countries, and the writers, in their opposition to all laws both moral and artistic. found in his writings justification for their indignations. Rimbaud, in his reaction against the positivist and materialistic ideals London. Publishers in Britain have been approached by the police, at the request of the American Embassy, for facts and figures about books by Mr Lattimore published as long as twenty years ago. Publishers have also been asked whether they would be willing to give evidence here or, if necessary, in the United States.

On occasions the British police have been accompanied by American officials. Has the Home Office lost all discretion It ought, of course, to co-operate fully with the Americans in dealing with genuine cases of crime or treachery. But surely it is not so ignorant as to think that motor industry rather than of its short-term fiscal value. British car exports last year were maintained at over 100 millions, but they declined in value by just over 7 millions from 1952. The annual survey of the industry by the statistical department of the Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders shows that the British share of the world's total car exports diminished last year by 4.7 per cent it is still a healthy share, but competition is increasing sharply.

Western Germany last year increased car exports bv not far short of 40 per cent, more Italian cars were sold abroad, corporation impartial in political and generically Christian in religious matters Its account of the various departments written by senior assistant editors, all of them young men whose talents have been developed and proved inside the Among the newly acquired properties of the National Trust is the Blewcoat School, Westminster, which dates from 1709. It is being used not only to further the policy of preserving historic buildings but for the more immediate purpose of preventing the paper. Waters was or. the same generation as these men. and everybody was the Lattimore case comes into either category? The crime of which Mr to-day among wi iters by the prose poem, for it readily adapts itself to unconscious and visionary composition.

With Rimbaud poetry was not content with being merely poetry but aimed at becoming more than itself. Perhaps that is the reason why he abandoned it at the end, when he discovered that it could not be more than literature, and he scorned it at that price. Perhaps this inability of poetry to become more than itself explains why in France at all events it is turning away from the esoteric and the visionary towards the traditional conception of literature, is seeking specialised perfection of form and specialised poetic language, as the younger poets apparently favoui the well-constructed line and the beauteous imagery of a former Continued on pane 11 hoping for the most fruitful cooperation between the editorial and the business side of the paper. He Lattimore is accused is perjury while of his own age, had aimed at undermining the authority of reason by indulging in intoxicants drugs and drink and claimed that by le dereglement de tous Ies sens it was possible to attain certainty and truth. This led eventually to the substitution of the subconscious for reason.

The Surrealists, inspired by the discoveries of psycho-analysis, realised the vast sources of artistic treasure buried in the subconscious, and they went still farther then Rimbaud in their contempt for reason, as they resorted to automatic writing even as an instrument to release this energy. Then, as soon as the ideas of Freud had had time to percolate down to the general public, Rimbaud became one of the favourite subjects for the analyst, and this was of absorbing and the great motor industry in the United States showed much more interest in finding overseas customers. under questioning by the McCarran members of the staff gives some notable statistics, from the eight million copies of the "Radio Times" to the 85,000. contracts arranged yearly by the Programme Contracts Department, from the one-third of the adult population that hear at least one religious broadcast each Sunday to the two years which the preparation of a television play may take, from the fifteen-minute weekly broadcast in Luxembourgish which was done away with in 1952 to the eleven television licences that are held north of Inverness-shire. The handbook shows too how freedom will be missed, too, from the gatherings of newspaper managers, where his liveliness and confidence were subcommittee in 1950.

If the Depart The British industry is sturdy enough most highly rated. to give a good account of itself as the present headquarters in Queen Anne's Gate from bursting from the pressure of staff and documents. The school was bought with the Benton Fletcher Fund and -will be repaired and redecorated with money from the Daviot bequest. When it is completed the membership department of the Trust will move into it not a long journey since it is only three hundred yards from the present offices. struggle for foreign markets intensi fies.

but we must expect periods when Sparkling Saloons Mr Graham White, the president of the Liberal party, and Mrs White. conditions in particular markets are particularly difficult and times when made all their guests extremely happy at the reception they held at the industry is making more cars than it can easily sell A flourishing home ment of Justice in Washington has not enough evidence to sustain the accusation not enough even to frame an adequate indictment that is its affair. The Home Office and the British police have no business to be helping it. Mr Brownell's department, the Senate's so-called Internal Security Subcommittee, and other hunters of heresy should be left to do their own dirty work (or, better, not to do it). And the American Embassy, if properly employed, would be trying to promote good from the commercial rough-and- market is essential if the industry is the Editor to get over these bad patches without tumble may make for a welcome philosophic detachment Manifestly it is possible to live a full, rich, civilised life without benefit of radio (or television).

The cathode ray tube Letters to WORKING unemployment and perhaps a serious setback. The widening of the present home market depends largely on the OVERTIME is no more essential to the good life than modern plumbing. Chancellor There are passages that catch what one likes to think of as the B.B.C tone at its most endearing Yet steam radio (as the Americans picturesquely term sound broadcasting) is anything but a dead duck." Quidquid agunt homines," in fact. Europe on the Mend Mr Eden's report to the Commons yesterday was cheerful and optimistic, with good reason. The change of prospects in Europe since the summer has been remarkable.

Mr Eden himself deserves high credit, as do M. Mendes-France and Dr Adenauer. His great contributions have been in knitting together the partners divided by the failure of the European might be the Talks Division's motto. If we in the North cannot always hear the Third Programme at least we can take comfort from the thought that so busy, complex, and catholic a body still has time for a Latin tag. APARTHEID IN ENGLAND To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian Sir, Is it not time that we had a little clearer thinking on the question of the so-called colour bar in this country which you go so far as to refer to as apartheid in a headline over a correspondent's recent letter There surely is no such thing in this country.

Apartheid is something imposed by law, and as far as I know our laws do not discriminate against coloured peoples. The incidents reported from time to time in the press regrettable though they are are an exercise of the individual's right to associate with whom he pleases. It must be remembered that discrimination of this kind is not limited to colour. It can and does operate against white people, and it certainly operates among the coloured peoples themselves. I can see no reason why any man or group of men should be placed under any sort of compulsion to accept a man, coloured or otherwise, if his presence is not welcome.

If I may give an example I do not regard myself as being particularly undesirable." but I am pretty sure that if I applied for membership in certain London clubs I should be promptly turned down. I do not feel in the least aggrieved about this I think it right and proper that men should be entirely free to choose their friends and associates. Yours A. H. October 17.

WORDS AND SPELLING To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian Sir, Grammarian has inquired whether people really do say Jones's children." The answer of one of the relations with Britain. It would not be trying to turn Scotland Yard into a branch of the Republican campaign organisation. Just how slender is the evidence against Mr Lattimore may be seen from an article on another page. It is a reprint, in full, of an article written by Mr Lattimore in March, 1947. The new indictment against Mr Lattimore cites this article as evidence no less than four times.

It cites the article to sustain the two charges, in the central count; that he was "a follower of the Communist line and a promoter of Communist interests." The article shows nothing of the sort. Its treatment of Greece may be clumsy and mistaken, but on China, the real point at issue, it is remarkably perceptive. It makes the point, not widely appreciated in 1947. that the Communists in China were not simply a small clique but A COUNTRY DIARY Kent. October 18 Yesterday was more like June than October at a resort on the coast of North Kent The sun shone stronslv from a skv onlv faintlv flecked with clouds, making Defence Community and, almost more important, in having the courage to commit Britain and British armed forces to a closer alliance in Europe.

As he said in a modest understatement I liimfc we can reasonably claim that our initiative and the contribution which we were able to make during the London conference played an essential part in the agreements which were reached. To the Editor ol the Manchester Guardian Sir, Your leading article on Overtime Strikes states that many mineworkers can include an overtime wage for putting in no more than a normal week's hours." The position, here at any rate, is that the miner missing a weekday shift loses more by loss of a day's pay and forfeiture of attendance bonus than he can recoup by working a week-end shift. If his absence is due to ill health or on compassionate grounds, the miner then qualifies for a proportionate attendance Donus. In this case, by working Saturday morning he can about break even with" the normal five-day pay or, if able to work the less popular Saturday afternoon or Sunday night shift, may make a profit of up to two-fifths of a shift's wage over the normal five-day pay. Witnout proportionate bonus, the weekday absentee week-end worker loses on the deal Your reference to artificial overtime in the pits seems to imply that better weekday attendance could end tne need for week-end working Sir Hubert Houldsworth, in his speech to the National Union of Mineworkers, put the matter in better perspective when he spoke of the country's urgent and insistent demands for ever-increasing current output," yet that output technically dependent.

even largely," on what happened seven to ten years ago Yours Miner. Prescot. C.C. GROUND serve this ground for the benefit of its youth, or are we powerless to prevent the ruthless encroachment of commercialism into active snort The Moscow athletics team has competed here, and, if nothing else, have we not learnt from this visit that if we are to compete on equal terms with such teams from abroad our athletes must be afforded similar opportunities to those of their rivals The City Council is thus presented with a cnalienge To take over the stadium need not be a heavy burden on the taxpayer for many of the activities promoted would in them the aazanias in the llower beds on the tront ODen their bright Detals wide- and brineine out the full beauty of the MR JUSTICE JACKSON To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian Sir, May I be permitted to add a brief note to Mr Alistair obituary comment on the late Mr Justice Jackson It is perfectly true, as Mr Cooke points out, that interest in protecting society from the possibilities of unrestrained destructive action by extremist groups led him into a conservatism in matters of freedom of speech. It should, however, be recalled that in one important area of civil rights Jackson never deviated from an absolute libertarian position.

In the maintenance of a wall of separation between church and state Jackson hewed to a position not shared at all times even by his most liberal brethren. Black and Douglas. In the New Jersey School Bus Tax Case of 1947 Jackson dissented from the majority view that the state of New Jersey might spend public money to transport children to Roman Catholic schools; the majonty opinion v. as bv Mr Justice Black and concurred in by Douglas In the Illinois released-time case of 1948 Justices Jackson. Black, and Douglas all ronc-uned tne opinion that Illinois might not utilise its public school system in aid of religious instruction but in the New-York released-time case of 1352 Jackson held to the same secularist views while Douglas wrote the majority opinion upholding the administration of re'igious instruction publ'c schools In pnother and happier period as far as American civil liberties are concerned Justice Jackson wrote If there is any fixed star oui c-onstrut onal constellation, it is 'hp, no official.

or petty, can prescribe what shall be orthodox in politics. nationalism, religion, or other matters of opinion or force citizens to confess by word or act their faith therein" Yours Merton L. Fyicur.m. Instructor in Government. Columbia University the Citv of New York." Oct 15.

YOUNG DENTISTS To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian Sir. There seems to be some mystification in the mind of tne Mnilster about the lack of recruits to the dental profession. May I say tnat this mystification is not shared by many of ihoso practising in it The advantages of a career in dentistry are but dimly seen through a haze of betrayal, bad faith, mishandling, broken promises, and cut fees. The treatment accorded fj dentists since 1948 is a warning to those seeking a career and thev are heeding it. Yours L.

D. S. Manchester, October 16. To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian Sir, Not only Mr Bevan thinks the Manchester Guardian is slipping How does a busdriver on a basic wage of 7 for 44 hours manage to earn 8 18s 4d by working 40.8 hours Busmen will be grateful for the sympathetic note of your leading article Overtime Working," but, as you say, let us face the realities. There is an appalling lack of confidence in trade union leaders on the part of the rank and file, and union subscriptions are looked upon as a form of protection money.

These leaders are firmly in the saddle and intend to remain there, despite all the resolutions of the local committees. Since ttie war busmen have been working thirteen days out of fourteen and some men all fourteen. This must cause grave concern among transport authorities, but apparently the T. and G.W.U. intends to preserve this state of affairs on the score that, if busmen can earn good wages by working overtime, they will at least be quiet Woe to the man who will not keep quiet He is branded Communist agitator and fellow-traveller." Recently we had the unedifying spectacle of Brother Deakin brawling with Nye Bevan.

To better busmen's conditions No. just playing politics, which seems to be the principal occupation of union leaders. It is not surprising to find unofficial action being taken in industry union members will wait for ever for official action. Yours MANCHESTER BUS DRIVER. October 15 THE M.A.

AND To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian Sir. Recently it has been brought to our attention that the fine athletics and cycling ground in Fallowfield. so long the home of the Mancnester Athletic and Cycling Club, is being converted for stock-car racing and is thus becoming lost to active sport. This, at a time when a national drive is under way to improve and increase sporting facilities and hence keep in step with progress abroad, is indeed a tragedv. From our own recent travels in athletics, we are fully aware of the excellent municipal facilities which serve communities in the countries of Europe and.

indeed, we have no farther to look than such places as Wimbledon or Walton-on-Thames our own country, where the local authorities maintain their own stadiums. Is it not reasonable then to expect large city such as Manchester to pre- The British undertaking not to reduce mesembt vanthemum massed in patches of lose-Dink scarcely less striking than those to be seen on the cliffs of the West Country, at Saunton or Tintagel A southwesterly wind, blowine off the land, scarcelv ruffled the surface of the sea. but was fresh enough to make walking a our forces in Europe during the next forty-four years was. in fact, the turning point in the conference. It was a promise most welcome to the Europeans and for that matter to those people in Britain who feared that the Government would, as so pleasure Above the sandv cliffs beyond the town skvlarks were sineine.

and where the cliffs Eave way to marshes, inter- sectcd bv dvkes. a handful of lapwings and curlews were flying about in silence had wide support in certain areas, and that they had proved their independence of Russia. But the point was not popular in America, then or now. Mr Lattimore's real offence, indeed, is that he challenged the major dogma of the China Lobby and the extreme Republicans and that he replied when attacked. He ascribed Communist success to internal causes in China rather than to deliberate weakness and cowardice in Washington.

That ran quite con- tary to the view that "Acheson lost China." The grim thing, however, often before, be too timid. M. Mendes- Apart from culls, there were hardlv anv birds along trie snore, wmch. tne tide being high, was reduced for most of our walk to i a few yards of shinsle we saw only a rock pipit, a wheatear, and a flock of about twenty dunlin in seven miles. The dunlin were visible a long wav off.

for the sun cauEht the underside of their wings as I thev banked in unison over the water and made them sparkle like tinsel. These i birds of the mudflats found the shmale I little to their liking and flew restlessly to and fro over the sea. waiting for the tide Joneses is certainly." I should take Jones' children (without the to be Joan's, not mine. We do not object to a second "-sound in -es of the plural why should we to the same sound when it represents the genitive singular We say Have you any Wills's Dr Williams's Library" (the correct form of the title) and, I take it. Jenkins's heir or ear." with as little hesitation as we say Lewis's or Keats's," where the ss "-sound precedes.

The omission of the "after the apostrophe in writing or printing is no indication that it is not to be sounded in speaking With ancient names, however, the rule is apostrophe only and no sounded, regardless of 'the quality of the final sibilant; thus not on! Moses'. Hermes'. Ulysses', but also Mithras Brutus'. Odysseus'. The case, clear to the reader, is left to the intelligence of the hearer as our genitive plural the Joneses' children." Yours H.

Lang Jones. Caldbeck Cumberland, October 15. France equally deserves credit for his speed of decision, for his success in carrying the French Assemblv along with him, and for consenting to Western Germany's entry into the North Atlantic Treaty. Dr Adenauer, too, has been persevering and patient, and his voluntary renunciation of his country's right to manufacture atomic and other such weapons took the London conference over one of its hardest hurdles. The difficulties are not yet past, but the prospects of overcoming them are good.

As Mr Eden said, very good progress has been made by the expert groups to turn and expose some catches of sand for them to ru.i about on. J. A. is that a straightforward expression of opinion, as in the article we reprint to-day, should now be used to prefer a criminal charge against the author. Even if Mr Lattimore had been mistaken in his opinion, there would be no justification for the charge.

If the precedent set by the new indictment were to be followed, men might find themselves on trial as criminal "followers of the Commu- selves bring a financial return, and the value in terms of local health, fitness and prestige is immeasurable. Yours Pharaoh. Don Anthony. Department of Physical Education. The University, Manchester, October 18.

Lady Katharine Meade, who was Lady-in-waiting to Queen Elizabeth the Queen Mother, when she was Duchess of York, died yesterday at Hallgrove, Bagshot, Surrey, aged 82..