The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 10

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN SATURDAY AUGUST 14 1954 10 A CENTURY'S COAL SEVEN FEET NEARER EVERY DAY Germans Burrowing Under Carmarthen From our Special Correspondent THE WEATHER Sunny Intervals A depression off S.W. England and a trough across Ireland and S. Scotland filling up. Over most of England ann Wales there will be sunnv interval anrj occasional showers, probably with thiinrW in places. Over parts of N.

England and over N. Ireland and Scotland it wih mainlv cloudy with occasional ram showers in places. Forecast for the period ending midnight All England except Lake Dirici Wale rvm IsUmK: Wind unable. 1 1 all I or ir.oder.ile. surtm interr and scattered ihowers wuh thunderstorms in 'nlar? tempe-aturcs near norirul.

1 Lake Isle of Man. SE and SH. Scnilanrf N. IrcUnrt- Wmil sanahlc. Imht nr moderate mn ctond' uitb occasional rain places, chance nf hunrW itnrms here and iherc.

tern ra lures near norrnil Further Outlook: Occasonai movers in min arr-, bin with bnnhi periods also SKA FASSAtJfrlS S. North Sea. Strait of Docr. EnnlUh Channel (Fasn Si Georit Channel: Slight or moderate imn S-tchI To-dj SUN' Rise; Manchester) 5 4 scis -r MOON Rhes (Manchester) 8 20 Sets 5 44 a Full Moon: 03 a To-morro: SLV Rises (Manchester) 5 Jfi Sets 8 MOON Rises (Manchester) 8 36 Sets 7 OS a The Moon. Last Quarter, August 2.

TIMES SCENES UNFIT FOR AUSTRIANS Russians Censor Film From our Correspondent Vienna, August 13. How the Russian authorities in Austria interpret peaceful coexistence with the population in the Russian zone was illustrated yesterday in connection with the anti-Hitler film Five Minutes to Twelve." The film has been showing in Vienna for several weeks and has been well received except by neo-Nazis and Communists. It is now to appear in the Russian zone. Ten years after the war the Russians still claim the right to censor films shown there to Austrian audiences. This film had to be shown before the Russian censor.

He has ordered two sections of this almost entirely documentary film to be deleted. To make certain of compliance the sections have to be cut out and handed to the censor before the film begins to run. The War Crime Trials The parts that the Russians will not allow Austrians to see show scenes at the Nuremberg trials and scenes illustrating post-war progress in Austrian reconstruction. No reason, of course, is given by the censor. The only apparent objection to Austrians seeing the trial of the major war criminals is that General von Paulus, under whose orders hundreds of thousands of Germans were killed before Stalingrad, and who is now an important cog in the Soviet military machine, appears in the witness-box.

In answer to questions, Paulus declares that he cannot explain how he came to have carried out various Nazi measures on Hitler's orders, nor can he understand the strategy of the war in the East for which he was largely responsible. Communists have grumbled at the showing of the film in Vienna, saying that it emphasises the part played by leading Socialists such as the former President, Dr Renner, the present President, Dr T. Kdrner, and the Burgomaster of Vienna, Herr Jonas, in the work of reconstruction. Apparently the contrasting scenes from ruined, starved, and plundered Vienna in 1945 and others showing the city's prosperity to-day, the construction of great new power stations and industrial plant are considered by the Communists likely to weaken the effect of" their subversive propaganda just before the autumn elections to the Diet in Russian-occupied Lower Austria. The Austrian Socialist press to-day opened a new campaign on these lines against the Russian censorship.

will be kept to. There are already signs of better ground below. For the first time last week the afternoon shift won a speed-of-work bonus (it means that they exceeded what is calculated to be bogey" for this kind of shaft) with a total of 115 buckets sent to the surface. Because of the arduousness of the work, which at times has meant working in three feet of freezing water at the shaft-bottom, none of the sinkers pursue the trade much after the age of thirty. There are 130 of them here and they work a six-day week.

They are down the shaft for the whole of their eight-hour shift except for one rather short meal break. They earn roughly 24 a week (with allowances), which a good many coal-face workers in West Wales are equalling and exceeding at present. Chance to Save The attraction of the work seems to be to build up personal savings accounts. The married men get six weeks paid home leave a year, bachelors four weeks. Their quarters on the site are of a very high hostel standard.

According to the Coal Board, the German firm was given the contract because British firms were otherwise engaged and because its experience and specialised equipment fitted it for work on the tough Cynheidre strata. Planning is well ahead for the layout of the colliery underground. Three lateral roadways at different levels will be driven northwards to link up with another down-shaft, three and a half miles away, which was sunk before the war. The Cynheidre pit, as with another new one planned for Abernant in the Swansea valley, will be worked on the horizon principle, which involves a great deal of capital expenditure for comparatively slow returns at first. However, when Cynheidre and Abernant are in full production they will produce well over half the tonnage that the present 32 slant-type pits are raising.

These smaller and older pits, which are becoming to work, will eventually be closed down, and about five thousand miners will be transferred to the two new pits. POULTRY FROM 50 COUNTRIES Congress in Edinburgh From our Special Correspondent Edinburgh, Friday. The tenth World's Poultry Congress opens here to-morrow, and nearly 1,600 representatives will attend it. They come from some fifty countries from the United States and the U.S.S.R., Finland and the Philippines, Poland and Czechoslovakia, Siam and Spain, Israel and Iceland. It must be one of the most truly international gatherings since before the war.

There does not appear to be any reason, unless Lysenkoism joins battle with Mendelism, why ideologies should bedevil these sessions. The papers will concern such matters as the digestibility of the hybrid complex of bran and oats by cocks, or microscopic studies of the gut flora of the hen with special reference to the breakdown of starches. An Italian expert's study of A group of plumage factors in the Muscovy duck," although the subject is seen in terms of black and white, will no doubt be acceptable politically to everybody, and the section on economics and marketing promises to be strictly practical, without Marx's name being mentioned. Broilers Amid all these technicalities the poultry and egg-eating public is not torgotten. There are two congress exhibitions one in the Royal Scottish Museum shows the work ot the Scottish agricultural colleges and research institutes, and is primarily for the specialist but the other in the Waverley Market is entitled "Chicken Comes to Town," and interpiets in terms as simple as that title the mysteries which the experts are discussing.

In tact, some five hundred head of poultry, of 66 pure breeds and a number of crosses, have come to town, ana moie will be arriving every day out of eggs in the market hall itself. The pens are labelled so that the layman will know what breeds are inside, and there is also a duckpond. Various incubators and brooders are and there are laying hens kept, in both the battery and the deep litter systems. There is also a batch of young birds destined to be what the Ameiicans call broilers chickens kept in one place from hatching to ten or twelve weeks of age, and then all killed together. Poultry kept on this system, it is claimed, have a higher food conversion rate than any other animal on the farm lib of chicken for every 3jlb of food.

Thev are pioduced at the rate of a bundled million a vear in America, we were told at a preview of the exhibition to-day and ai becoming increasingly oooular here. The exhibition is most attractively laid out. These World's Poultry Congresses have been held every three years (except during the war) since 1921. The last two were in Copenhagen and Paris. Why did this one come to Edinburgh Partly, no doubt, because it is always wise to accept any excuse to come to Edinburgh, particularly when it is dressing itself up for the Festival.

But. in addition, because poultry plays an unexpectedly large part in the agriculture of Scotland Out of a total agricultural output ot 150 millions a year eggs contribute nearly 14 millions, and poultry meat another 2 5 millions The Duke of Edinburgh, during his visit to Whttehorse, Yukon, shaking hands with Indian chief Patsy Henderson, aged 76, while the chief's wife looks on VAIN EFFORT TO SAVE GIRL Father Nearly Drowned A Derbyshire father's vain attempt to rescue his daughter from drowning while on holiday at Bournemouth, and his own narrow escape was described at the inquest yesterday at Bournemouth tan Christine Mary Greenhough (14), of Birches Lane, South Wingfield, Derby. The coroner, Mr. T. C.

Thompson, returned a verdict of death by drowning from misadventure. The girl's Mr Samuel Bernard Gieenhotigh, an electrical engineer, said that he and a ft iend. Mr Stock, their two daushteis tnd Mr Stock's oung son were bathing from Boscombe beach on Thursday. It was rough, but he did not consider is dangerous Mr Stock drew his attention to the fact that the two girls were in difficulties ten or fiiteeen yards iarther out. I am not a stiong swimmer, but I struggled out to them I remember approaching Christine and the next I knew I was being dragged out of the sea Christine was not a strong swimmer." Cyril William Stocks, a National Coal Board clerk, from Kirkby-in-Ashfield, Nottinghamshire, said the sea was safe enough to play about in at the edge.

He heard his daughter Barbara shout Daddy several times and he and Mr Greenhough struck off towards them. He twitness) was a fairly good swimmer and got hold of his daughter and pulled her to safety He then shouted for assistance, but no one came. He saw Mr Greenhough get to Christine, but Ihey both went down and he only Mr Greenhough come up. He and another man dragged him out That means that 11 per cent of the gross income or bcottisn farmers comes from poultry they earn more from it than from any other products except milk and fat cattle. Potatoes, mutton, lamb, and the otner products that we associate with Scotland fall well behind poultry.

Moreover, most of the 850 million eggs a year an increase. incidentally, of 30 per cent of the pre-war number are laid on general farms, for nearly every farm, small holding, and croft in the country has its flock Onlv about 5 per cent of the poultry population which is nearly 10 million birds live on specialist poultry farms. All these facts and others, such as tnat Orkney exports more than 1 million worth of eggs a vear can be learned from the handbook to the exhibition. lo-daj. 9 27 l'-morror 25 Forecast chart for midday? Arrows show wind direction, figures in circles show wind cpeed Figures outside circles show temperature.

Letters show expected weatner as follows b-, blue sky: be. half-clouded, c. cloudy, 0, overcast; ft foe; drizzle, h. hail; m. mist; r.

rain snow Ur. thunderstorm p. showers. AAAAAWjrm front. a a a ft Cold front.

A Occluded fronL Isobars are drawn for every Tour mill (ban WOMAN YOUTH LEADER KILLED ON TOUR Miss Elizabeth Hawkiworth, a Rochdale youth organiser, died in hospital Bielefeld, Western Germany, yesterday from head injuries received when she was knocked down by a car earlier sa the day. Bielefeld is Rochdale's sister town," and Miss Hawksworth was in charge of a party of about forty young people who were visiting the town and who are 'o bring back to Rochdale a similar German party on August 21. Mr Cyril Smith, a member ot the party, is arranging for the body to be brought home. He said that Miss Hawksworth was seeing young people across the road when the accident occurred. Miss Hawksworth had been youth organiser for ten years, and five years ago was made a Justice of the Peace Earlier she had been a schoolteacher at the Rochdale Girls' Central School.

DEATHS Engagements dj the signatures ot both panic DEATHS (continued) STEAD. On August 13 1954. at Dacres. I Alders Road. Distevr AVE STEAD seed 92 years, widow of George Stead and elder daughter of the late Wtlhxm atts.

Kenmorc ilmslow Service in St Thomas' Church High Lane on Tuesday August 17 at II followed by committal at the Stockport Crematorium. Inquiries to Barretts (Stockport) Ltd Tcls. STO 3736 and STE 4053 STEPHENSON. On Thursday August 12. at the Sandnngbam Hotel Buxton.

ROBERT EDGAR, aged 72 years, dearly loved husband of Dorothy and father of Harold and Yvonne STEPHENSON. Senior partner of Joshua Bury and Stephenson. 7 Brazcnnose Street, Manchester 2 and chairman of G. Stephenson. Barton Arcade.

Deansgate. Manchester 3 Funeral service on Monday. August 16 at 12 40 p.m at the Manchester Crematorium Sprays only, please Inquiries to Webster and Percival. Tel, Buxton 440. In Memortam loving memory of dear VICTOR ALVAREZ.

In Jessie. BELL. In loving remembrance of FREDERICK McGOWAN BELL (F M. Bell and Co. Ltd), who passed away on August 14, 19-10 F1TZPATRICK.

In lonng memory of nv dear and devoted wife EMMA, who fell asleep August' 14. 1953. Sadly missed In heavenly love abiding Vo change heart shalt fear From her loving husband John and sister-in-law Ada nephew John, and family. HEYS. Memories of a very dearly loved husband and father.

Vera and John. TAYLOR. HERBERT, who died August 14. 1950. Cherished memories.

Dorothy. YDL1BL To the treasured memory of a beloved husband and father, who passed away on Saturday. August 15. 195 1 His wife Gladvs. and Haznih Michael and Gordan.

YDLIB1- In remembrance of our late emp1.oer. ABDULGAN1 YDLIB1. died August 15. 1953 Suns of A. Ydliht Ltd and M.

G. Ydlibt Exporters) Ltd. AFFLECK BROWN. LTD. OLDHAM bIREKl.

MANCHESTER 1 Funeral Director: Mr MILLS Telephone BLAckfnars H644 When closed and during week-ends Tel BrattinaH YANS GORDON, FUNERAL DIRECTORS 'Phones lit Great Ancoals Streel. Manchester ILTONS for Memorials, Inscriptions, Renocjrtons Odd Southern Cem Me. Cho 3455. KENDAL. MILNE CO.

DEANSGATE, MANCHESTER When closed and on Sundays Funeral Orders are attended to at 60 KING STREET, MANCHESTER Telephone No. for Day and Night Service DEAnsgate 3414 THE MANCHESTER CREMATORIUM. Barlow Moor Road, Chorlton-cum-Hardy Itic Gtrden ot Kemembnnce a open 10 ilsliort eerv dav dad Commemorative Services are held every two months to tne ChapeL An illustrated brochure containing detailed intormation ot procedure, service, tiie Book ot Remembrance, the Book ol Annivcrsarlea. tnd other memorials mav be obtained post tree, from thi offices of the Manchester Crematorium. Ltd.

2 Cooper Street. Manchester 2. (Tel CENtrai 4596) Intormation and cutdance on anv Cremation problem is eladlv atven oc Aug 14 1 ow bc-il Cynheidre (near Llanelly), Friday. The German shaft-sinkers of Cynheidre are still hustling downwards. At the rate of about seven feet a day, more or less, depending on the stubbornness of the rock and the inconvenience of flood water, they are steadily butting their v.

ay down through this docile Carmarthenshire hill with a single-mindedness which any local badger would envy. It is a new mine shaft for the National Coal Board, being sunk by the Ruhr firm, Schachtbau Thyssen of Mulheim, and when they have completed it at a depth of 800 yards it will open the way to one of the world's richest stores of anthracite. There may be as much as a hundred million workable tons of anthracite in veins at varying depths under the hillside and for some miles north under the floor of the Gwendraeth valley enough probably to keep miners occupied for a century. Exciting Climax For anyone who can sympathise with the Coal Board's present urgency about anthracite-getting we are still much below the requirements of the home market alone the atmosphere on this now blackly muddy site on the hilltop has its excitements. The climax may be long to wait for, as in some prodigious Wagnerian opera, but the day-iong rhythms of the clanking hoist, hauling immense buckets of black rock and rubble out of the shaft, tend to keep the spectator as well as the performers on tiptoe.

The daily dynamiting of the day's stint once shook the windows of the site offices. Now the sinkers are so far under Carmarthen a hundred yards or so at the time of the visit that the blast comes up the shaft like a round of applause." Two shafts, one upcast and the other down, were begun just over four months ago. The toughness of the upper strata has made the going difficult so far, but no one seems to doubt that the expected finishing date, at the end of next year. ALLEGED SAVINGS BANK FORGERY Nurse Charged At Oxford yesterday Irene Elizabeth Ellen Rosser (22), a nursing orderly, of Gipsy Square, Carleton, near Egremont, Cumberland, was committed for trial at Oxford Assizes on charges alleging forgery in connection with an 80-year-old woman's Post Office savings. The first charge alleged that Rosser obtained 60 by means of a forged Post Office Savings Bank notice of withdrawal and a forged authority to receive payment of that sum and a second that she attempted to obtain 100 by means of a forged notice of withdrawal.

Both offences were said to have been committed in Oxford in January. Mr E. Yerbury. prosecuting, said that in September, 1953, Rosser and a man named Nicholson took two furnished rooms in the house of Mrs Sarah Ann Yeates. On December 17 Mrs Yeates.

who knew the couple as Mr and Mrs Nicholson, was taken to hospital and remained there until her death on January 20. The Post Office Savings Bank book was among the propertv which she left at home. On January 15, continued Mr Yerbury, the Post Office received an application for the withdrawal of 60 from Mrs Yeates's account, and three days later a warrant was presented in Oxford with a form of authorisation purported to be signed by Mrs Yeates. The 60 was made over. On January 22 a further application was received for the withdrawal of 100.

bur as the handwriting did not correspond with that of the depositor payment was withheld. When Rosser was interviewed on March 16 she told Detective-Sergeant Statham. of the Metropolitan Police, that while Mrs Yeates was in hospital all sorts of people came to the house and some went into the room where the Savings Bank book was kept. She did not make out the form to obtain 60 or try to get 100 Mr Yerbury added that a handwriting expert had examined a number of papers in connection with the case and his evidence pointed to the documents having been written out by Rosser. Rosser told the examining magistrate.

Mr Colegrove. that she had nothing to sav at that stage. Subject to the police being satisfied, bail was allowed in her own and one other surety of 100. BIG BLACK MARKET TRACED Customs-Free Cigarettes A Customs investigation officer. Desmond Hobbs, said at Ixworth.

West Suffolk, magistrates' Court yesterday that information given by a man before the Court had enabled his department to trace the source of a big black market in cigarettes in East Anglia. The man, Bert Nunn. a painter, ol Troston, was fined 25 for dealing in 2.400 Customs-free American cigarettes. Another painter. Jack Bell, of Ixworth.

was fined 10 for having 800 in his possession. Police-Constable Richardson said that Nunn at first said "If I decide to squeal. I shall put vou on to the biggest racket in Europe." He afterwards co-operated with the police. Mr Hobbs said that Nunn was one of many people receiving cigarettes from an American Army sergeant, who. it was stated, had been court-martialled.

sentenced to twelve months' imprisonment, and to be discharged with ignominy. TWO HOLIDAY COMPETITIONS Entries are invited for the holiday photograph and holiday sketchbook competitions. Two guineas will be paid for each photograph or drawing published, and at the close the competition it is hoped to award prizes of eight, five, and three guineas for the entries judged best in catl competition. Full instructions and conditions appeared in the Manchester Guardian on Thursday, July 2g, and will be repeated each Monday until the closing date. The form below may be used with your entry.

Write on the back of the print or drawing your name and address and the subject, place, and date. HOLIDAY COMPETITIONS Manchester Guardian," 3 Cross Street, Manchester 2. Entry form Name Address Date CLUE TO JET ENGINE PERFORMANCE Although performance figures of the Rolls-Rovce Avon iet engine are still secret, engineers of. the firm gave a clue yesterday wnen thev published a "design" showing a Comet II air liner equipped 28 Merlin piston engines. The Comet II has four Avon engines 28 Merlins would have powered seven Lancaster bombers or 28 Spitfires.

The drawing was intended to show employees of Rolls-Rovce how aeroengine design has progressed in the last ten years. MARRIAGES, AND if- per line l.Mmimum two lines 1 thC name and Jrlr1rpt nt ihr rrl-r rrt Hp nci- i-if Postage stamps or postal orders may be sent in payment Silver Weddings (Continued) LEfcS BROWNING. On August 15 1929 at St Mark's Church. Worslcv ARCHIE LEES to MARGERY BROWNIS'O 41 Southdown Crescent Cheadle Hulme. POWELL-JACKSO-N.

On August 14. 1929. at St James's Church Birch-m-Rusholme RICHARD LESLIE POWELL 10 CLARISSA MARY JACKSON. 9 Park Road Hcaton Moor Ruby Wedding ROBERTSON SMALLEY. On August 15, 1914.

at Si Philip's Church. Salford. the Rev A. Cormbeer, DANIEL ALEXANDER ROBERTSON to HANNAH SMALLEY Deo Gratias Habersham, Road. Manchester 8 DEATHS COZENS Un August 13.

tn hospnal. FREDERICK WILLIAM, dear husband of Amy COZENS and loved father of Sjrd and Edith Service and committal at the Manchester Crematorium on Monday. August 16 at 2 20 m. A1I inquiries to Pepperdinc and Sons. Ltci.

Tel MOS 2865 DUNBAR. On August 13. J954. hospiiaJ. after an operation.

MARY, aged IS years, the beloved daughter of Margaret and Alex DUNBAR, of 3 Chesham Place. Bow don. Cheshire Meeting at 38a Ashheld Road. Altrincham on Monday. August 16.

at and thereafter burial at Altrmcham Cemetery at 3 pm. No Hofters. please Inquiries to Worthmgtons Altrmcham Tel 1 248. FENDER. On August li, tg54 suddenly at his residence.

27 Goldschmidt Street. Chorlton-on-Medlock. Manchester 13 WILLIAM JOHNSTON, aged 68 years, the dearly loved husband of Ida Jane FENDER (for mam years with the Odcon Cinema Circuit. Service at the Manchester Crematorium on Tuesday, at 3 40 Further inquiries to Messrs James Broome (Downing Street) TcL ARD 2902 and 8 Am hall 36 HERFtlES. On August 13 at her residence.

Briarfield. Wilbraham Road. Chorlton-cum-Hardj EDITH, aged 85 years the dearly loved wife of the late Joseph HERRIES and dear mother of Norman. Kathleen, and Ruth Service and committal at the Manchester Crematorium on Tuesday it 2 20 No dowers, hy request. HORVE.

On August II. 1954 In a private nursing home. JAMES, aged SI years the dearlv loved husband of the late Lucy Louisa HORNE. of Ritfdings Road. Hale.

Cheshire, and of 8 Chatham Street. Manchester (manufacturer's agent) Member of Peace Lodge No. 3792 and Peace Chapter. Service and interment at the Zion Independent Chapel. Queen Street.

Morley. Yorkshire, on Monday. August 16 at I Inquiries to worthinglon's TeL Altrmcham 1248. KERSHxWV, On August 12. in hospital.

JOSEPH KERSHAW, aged fil years, brother of the late Dr Edward Kershaw, 17 Burton Avenue Oldham No flowers by request Inquiries to Barlow and Sons. Ltd. Oldham Tel MAI -3D1. LEAVER On August II. hospital ARTHUR ERNEST, aged 85 years, the dearly loved husband of Cecilia and devoted father of Muriel and Norman, of West Royd, Prcstwich Park Road South.

Prestwtch lover forty years with Williams Deacon's Bank. Ltd Service at Middleton Crematorium this day (Saturday) at twelve noon Flowers, sprats only, pase. Inquiries to Coop and Sons Ltd Tel PEN 1487 McCLURC. On Aurusi 13. Dr WALTER ST CLAIR McCLURE.

of Didsbury Court Manchester, former Deputy Medical Officer of Health. Manchester, and Medical Officer of Health. Wnhington in his 74th year. Service at the Manchester Crematorium on Tuesday. August 7.

at 2 AM Inquiries to Messrs Kendal Milne and Co RFNSHAW. On August 1 2. in hospital ELSIE, the dearly loved wire of Bernard A RENSHAW and the dear sister of Lihas Kerr and of Velhe. Harotd. Frank, and Norman Appleton.

Interment at Brooktands Cemetery on Monday. August 3 6. at II 30 am Inquiries Kendal Milne and Co SENIOR. On August 13 ai Ferndcne Road. Withtnsion.

CONSTANCE SENIOR, the dearly loved mother of Constance and Nora. Service at St Paul's Church. Didsbury. on Mondav. August 16 at 3 10 prior to committal at Manchester Crematorium at 3 4U m.

Spray? only please Inquiries to William Peavock. Tel DID 3397 SHACK LETON. On August 13 1954 at ner home. 60 Cavendish Road Hcaton Merse. ANNIE (Mancej.

the dearly loved wife of Hamor A CKL ETO and dear sister of Elsie and Billy Service at Manchester Crematorium on Monday at in 40 a Sprajs only please Inquiries to Mr Ball Tel HEA 2131 RUNWAY BLAMED FOR CRASH Singapore Inquiry Singapore, August 13. Mr Christopher Shawcross told a public inquiry here to-day that the crash of a British Overseas Airways Corporation air liner at Singapore last March was caused entirely by the condition of the runway, not by any error of a B.O.A C. employee. Mr Shawcross, senior counsel for O.A was making his final address to the inquiry into the crash, in which 33 people were killed. Mr Shawcross submitted that this disaster would not have occurred if there had been no slope or ridge at the end of the runway He agreed that there was no international agreement as to the scale ot fit e-fighting services to be provided at international airports.

but the fact remains that the airport authorities undertook to piovide something which thev held out was a fire service and therefore the airline operators had a right to expect it to be reasonably efficient." He asked the Court to say that Captain W. Hole, captain of the air liner, made no error deserving the slightest censure or blame and submitted that 80 per cent of the inquiry's time was taken in investigating the airport fire services and the state of the runwav therefore, most of the costs should be paid bv the Government of Singapore Mr Kenneth Seth. for the Department of Civil Aviation said Kalians had been designated a Customs airport with the proviso that the Government should not be called upon to deve'op or maintain the airport to anv specified standard It had been found impossible in the Crown Colonies to conform to international civ.l avation standards because of the various shapes and sizes of aerodromes Obstructions above an aircraft's path of approach" he said, "must be removed But the ridge at the end of the Kallang runwav was below the path of approach and nothing is said about that." Mr Seth said it was admitted the runwav markers were not of authorised size but no pilot had ever complained about being misled by them. He claimed that "the prime and initial cause of the accident was the landing of the Constellation on the grass strip before the runwav The inquiry continues. Reuter.

U.S. AIRLINE WORKERS FACE DISMISSAL 16,000 May Get Notice New York. August 13. American Airlines, the largest United States domestic line, announced to-night that nearly sixteen thousand employees will be given discharge notices on Monday unless its 1.250 pilots end their strike. The pilots struck on July 30.

refusing to work more than eight hours at a stretch. The company's coast-to-coast flights to the West take 8hr 35min. nonstop. Associated Press. SAVE-OUR-CHURCHES WEEK A Save-our-Churches week, with events in diflerent parts of the country, will be held from May 1-7 next year, the Historic Churches Trust announced yesterday.

The object is to raise funds for the two thousand historic churches which need help if they are to be saved from ruin and decay. STOP PRESS Manchester Guardian Telephones Manchester BLAcMr.ars 23-5 Classified Advertising London ClTy 5U5U BLAclttnir ISV) Pnnitd and Published by LAURENCE PRESTWJCH SCOTT for the Manchester Guardian A Evening News, Ltd Mt the Guardim fluildina, 3 Cross Street, Manchester 2. Saturday. Auruu 14, 1954. An American soldier starting the engine of a radio-controlled target plane which was shortly after-wards shot down by one of the new kysweeper anti-aircraft guns.

The target planes have a engine and can fly for an hour, with a top speed of 250 nt.p.h., carrying out manoeuvres sitmliar to those of piloted aircraft BOY ON ATTEMPTED MURDER CHARGE Girl Found Wounded A 14-year-old boy at a Home Office school, who was charged at Darlington yesterday, with attempting to murder the 7-year-old daughter of the deputy principal of the school, was remanded in custody to Durham Prison. Chief-Inspector J. D. Dagg, who asked for the remand, described the boy as being unruly and depraved, and said that it was felt that he was in no state to be taken back to the school or to a remand home. He said that at 3 a m.

yesterday the girl's father was awakened by screams from her bedroom and found her bleeding from wounds in the right arm and chest. A bloodstained carving knife was found on the floor, and a window was open. At 5 a.m continued Chief-Inspector Dagg Detective-Saraeant Gilbert arrested the boy, who was wearing only his DVjaraas. which were heavily bloodstained At the police office he was alleged to have said. I did not mean to hurt her." The girl's father said that the boy was admitted to the school in 1951 and then transferred to another but after more than a year there he was recommitted to his present school.

In March. 1954. he came under his direct training Asked if. after studving the boy's character, he thought it woud be wise to take him back to the school or to a remand home, the girl's father said "It would be most dangerous in his present state of mind." The boy said nothing during the proceedings RUBBER DOLLS TO BE DESTROYED "A Filthy Thing "Police Fortv-nine rubber dolls forty of one type and nine of another were ordered to be destroved, on a summons at Blackpool yesterday against Thomas D. Rothery.

of Central Drive, Blackpool, to show cause why certain obscene dolls seized by the oolice should not be destroyed. The Chief Constable. Mr H. Barnes, who showed the dolls to the magistrates, said that one type was about as filthy a thing as could be sold any whet e. Rotherv.

in a letter to the Court, stated that one type of doll had been passed by the Board of Trade for manufacture, and he imagined that the other came in the same category. One type had been in free supply, and universally sold for three years. I The Board of Trade last night denied that it ever "passed any type of doll for manufacture." and stated that the only direct control over the manufacture of dolls was the war-time Limitation of Supplies Older, which ended in 1948 That order specified the total quantity of toys which a manufacturer could produce, but did not involve the approval of particular designs Questions ol design of individual toys have always been left to the ATTEMPTING THREE HIMALAYAN PEAKS European Expeditions Bombay, August 13. Three European mountaineering expeditions Swiss, French, and Austrian and an Italian scientific team arrived here to-day on board the Asia. The expeditions will make attempts on different Himalayan peaks, while the Italian group of three men under Professor Giuseppe Tucci.

president of the Italian Scientific Institute for the Middle and Far East, is to tour Nepal for four months to collect inscriptions and monuments. The seven members of the Swiss expedition are going to try to climb Gauri Sankar, forty miles west of Everest The Austrian team of three is to attempt the Cho Oyo (26,750 feet), and the French expedition of nine members the Makalu 27.790 feet). The French team claims that it has a new type of light oxygen cvlinder which will revolutionise climbing conditions in the Himalayas. Reuter. BRITISH MUSEUM STAFF APPOINTMENTS The principal trustees of the British Museum have appointed Mr R.

L. Bruce-Mitford to be Keeper of the Department of British and Medieval Antiquities, in succession to Mr A. Tonnochv. who has retired. Mr Bruce- Mitford, who joined the staff of the museum in 1938, has specialised in Anglo-Saxon antiquities.

Mr P. M. R. Pouncey has been appointed Deputy Keeper in the Department of Prints and Drawings. He joined the staff in 1945, having previously corvpd in the National Gallery.

He is particularly concerned with the collec tions or. ltanan drawings. GIFT OF MILK TO COLONIES Britain has oflered six thousand tons of canned milk, free of charge, for welfare purposes in the Colonies. It will be used in hospitals and schools and for infant and child welfare. BIRTHS, All such announcements must be authenticated by BIRTHS COHEN.

On AuKList 11 1954. at Hope Hospital to AITA nee Hantmani. wife ot ISAAC tike) COHEN 63 Hroad Street. Pendleton Sal ford 6 COOMBS. On Ausust II.

to PEGGY (nee Louahran) and FRANK, a sun 4 Redclyffe Avenue Victoria Park Manchester CRAINCER On Ausrusi 10, 195-t. at St George's Hospital. London. SW to JANE tnce Hamphirc wile of CHRIS GRAINGER, a ion (Kenneth Charles PauJI MONAGMAN, On Aujtust II at Liverpool to SHEILA (nee Williams). itc of HAROLD F.

MONAGHAN. a dauHt-tcr. (Both well 106 Windermere Road Noctorum. Birkenhead PRICE. On August 13.

21 Stepping Hill Hospital to MANDY (nee Snann) and DEREK, a da shier. VENABLES. On August 13. at Grosvenor Nursln Home, to DINAH (nee McCuHoch and JAMES a dauBhter. The Cottage.

Grange Farm. Bramhall COMING OF AGE LAMBERT Mr and Mts LAMBERT have pleasure in announcing the coming of age ot their younger daughter JOAN, on August I Fairways, Upper Moselcv, near Manchester. and Mr SIMON. Whitney Croft Cottage Higher Feec Road MaccJcsheJd. have pleasure In announcing the coming of ase of their daughter HASNF.GRETE, on Ausust 15 1954 ENGAGEMENTS COATS JACKSON.

The engagement announced between IAN HUNTER, son of Mr and Mrs R. COATS, of Chorlton-cum-Hardy. Manchester, and DOROTHY ALICE, daughter of Mr and Mrs A JACKSON or Darley Park. ManLhester. CROSSLEY YOUNG.

The cnEaaement announced between GERALD WATE CROSSLEY A (Dunelm). only son of the late Mr and Mrs G. Crossley of Sale and Oldham, and RUTH YOUNG. A (Dunelm), only daughter of Mr and Mrs S. Youna of Wallscnd Northumberland.

MARKS BEACH. The engagement announced between BERNARD ERIC son of Mr and Mrs M. MARKS, of 247 Gt Clowes Street SaUord 7. and JOAN RUTH daughter of Mrs BEACH and the late Mr H. Beach, of 10 Priory Avenue Satford 7 MEDLEY BARKER.

The engSRement Is announced between KEITH, eldest son of Mr and Mrs F. MEDLEY, 3 Rectory Gardens. York, and JEAN, elder twin daughter of Mrs and the late Mr J. BARKER. 59 Rosed ate Aicnue Leicester PROBER ATKINSON.

The engagement is announced hctwecn KEITH eldest son of Mr and Mrs A PROBER! of 4 Carr Avenue. Preslwich. Manchester, and SHEILA MARY. eTiler daughter of Mr and Mrs La ATKINSON, of 403 Bury New Road Prestwich. Manchester MARRIAGES UIPROSE MITCHELL.

On August 12 ai the Church of the Holy Innocent. FallowfjeJd by the Rev. A W. Newell A GORDON, onty son of Mr and Mr S. DIPROSE.

of Mafdsione. to BETTY only daughter of Mr and Mrs H. MITCHELL of Levcnshulme HELLER REID On August II. in New York. FRED HELLER, at Nc York, to HILARY JOAN, daushter of the lute John REID and Mrs Winifred Reid of Htah Lane.

Stockport MAYBUBV JONES. On Saturday. August 7. I9M. at Gmilon Monmouthshire.

RONALD BARRETT MAVBURY. son of the late Mr A E. Maybury. of Manchester and Prestatyn and of Mrs G. G.

Roberts. Ho rimer Prestatyn, to DOROTHY MARY HI LEY JONEi daughter of Mr and Mrs Wm Jones. The Croft Goxilon Monmouthshire Silver Weddings DICKINSON RUSHTON. On August 15. 1929, ai Mem ion Weslejan Church.

Manchester, by Reti F. htchells and HurMone. Rev. WILLIAM DICKINSON to MINNIE RUSHTON Present address ColiniAOod 4 Richmond Street. Ashton-under-Lj, nc.

Luncashlrc HfrYUORTII EASON. On August 14 1929 a 1 Bradley ChurLh Lincolnshire JAMES HE WORTH, of Rosscndalc to MILDRED EASON. of Grimsby 3 Weitlsnds Ai en tic. Grimsby. SKERTCHLY OA RON.

On Aueuit 12. 1929. at St Edward's Church Rusbolme, ty the Rev Father A. O'Connor. MC.

NEVILLE younRest son of A. SKERTCHLY MA TRGS of Croidon. Surrey, to MAGDALENE daughter of Peter and Monica BARON of Victoria Park. Manchester Present addret-s 7 Hooles Ranxc Heaton Moor. Stockport Cheshire ACROSS 1.

Craftsman whose career gets interrupted (9. 5. Plaved music in token of respect (5). 8. A Doone decapitates an old magistrate (5).

9. Ran, tail up, all over the toolshed roof (9). 11. Scottish isle seen from this window (9) 12. Made genuflection (5.

13. Old fellow with head in the clouds (4). 14. Metal instrument for horses, partly Indian (5, 4). 18.

One gets this through bad footwork (3. 2. 4). SOLUTION TO CROSSWORD No. 192 B-tJ PPERSTORE Y.C A It A i 1 ROUNDABOU Tf ISLE IKTESS El KDDCES SlSlAiSiNlAfAiE gamutMe sa i SiPiliMlliliH Dcuuvwi rsuI LI AD AEiNEHlMiElE RESIST siTHE TREE I MP lllMPERATtvc 21.

Last 23. Suggested yellow 25. Fed up Here's 27. Town forgather 28. Animal 29.

Dustman's 30. High 1. Best 2. Glimmer (9). 3.

Never wager! 4. Small 5. Lovely 6. The 7. Many 10.

Haggard 13. Some it (9). 15. Custom 16. Extempore 17.

Noxious 19 Am I Oriental' 20. Composer apartment 22 Tastelessly 24. Learned rodents 26. "More emptv CROSSWORD No. 193 ATTEMPTED MURDER CHARGE Former Steward Remanded David Robert Aitchison (22), of Bell Street, Leicester, formerly ship's steward on the British Railways steamer St.

Patrick, charged at Weymouth yesterday with feloniously attempting to kill and murder Maurice Beauchamp on Weymouth quay on Thursday by stabbing him with a knife, was remanded in custody until Friday. Beauchamp, assistant steward of the St. Patrick, who last month jumped 30 feet into a two-foot gap between his ship and the quay at St. Peter Port, Guernsey, to save a woman from the water, was stated at Weymouth and District Hospital last night to be dangerously ill. Police-Constable Blues said that Aitchison came into the police station soon after midnight and produced a knife from his coat pocket.

He was first charged with serious wounding and made a statement. When charged with attempting to murder Beauchamp, he replied I don't want to say anything." In reply to Mr Ian Jenkins, appearing for Aitchison, Police-Constable Blues said that Aitchison had a black eye, and an injury in the region of his mouth. OBOE SOLOIST IN PLACE OF LADY BARBIROLLI Michael Winfield, principal oboe of the Halle Orchestra will give his first solo performance at a London Promenade Concert on August 23. He will be taking the place of Lady Barbirolli, who has fractured her wrist, and will play the Marcello Oboe Concerto, which was originally chosen by Lady Barbirolli for the concert. JACK ARCHER" ILL Mr Denis who takes the part of Jack Archer in the Light Programme serial The Archers." is unwell and is to rest.

Stating this in Birmingham last night, an official of the B.B.C. said that it was hoped that Mr Folwell would be able to return to the programme after his convalescence. Meanwhile Jack Archer is being written out of the programme until he is strong enough to resume the part. year's blemish? t4. by red and (5).

with a vegetable another (9). where French clergy (9) short of fruit (5). daughter (5). command 4. 5).

DOWN part of Devon 5r. from a marsh entered your head. I 16) bird grows, becoming huge (7). dark feature General cried? 15). infirm in Beds.

(9). traveller (5). boys hope to stand on of the House (3). (3, 2, 4). exhalations (8.

being taken in by an (5). takes a small below (7). florid (6). doctor curtails (5). inexorable far than Romeo and (5).

Solution will ba published on Monday. 2 3 A 5 8 7 23 2 27.