The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 5

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, MONDAY. NOVEMBER 15, 1948 BIRTH OF A PRINCE EIRE MINISTERS FLY TO PARIS STRIKE RIOT IN PARIS Police Fire Again From our own Correspondent Paris, November 14. The 24-hour general strike called on Saturday in the Paris arpa hv tha Commonwealth Talks U.N. ORDER TO JEWS Leave the Negev MEDIATOR PLANS A NEUTRAL ZONE NEW EFFORT TO END THE BERLIN DEADLOCK Initiative by Dr. Evatt and Mr.

Lie WESTERN FOREIGN MINISTERS MAY MEET TO DISCUSS REPLY From our Diplomatic Correspondent Palace Announcement: Mother and Child Both Well SCENES OF REJOICING Great Crowds Keep Up the Cheers Until After Midnight conversations and of taking all other necessary steps towards the solution of the Berlin question, thus opening the way to a prompt resumption of negotiations for the conclusion of the remaining peace settlements tor Germany. Austria, and Japan. "We also believe the Great Powers should lend their full and active support to the efforts of mediation of the Berlin dispute by the president of the Security Council. For ourselves, we stand ready to lend aU further assistance, such as the currency study now being made by the Secretary General, as may -seem most helpful to the Great Powers in the solution of the problem. "We await an early reply to this communication in order that the members of the United Nations, assembled In Paris, may be informed of the progress in the carrying out of the General Assembly's unanimous appeal to the Great Powers to renew their efforts to compose their differ Princess Elizabeth gave birth to a son at Buckingham Palace at 9 14 last night.

The official announcement said "Her Royal Highness the Princess Elizabeth Duchess of Edinburgh was safely delivered of a Prince at 9 14 pjn. to-day. Her Royal Highness and her son are both doing well." When the announcement appeared in last night's Court Circular it was signed by Sir William Gilliatt, the gynaecologist. Sir John Weir. S- 4ShU.

ft- Peel- gynaecologist, who assisted Sir William, and by Mr. V. F. Hall, anaesthetist. The infant Prince, the first grandchild of the King and Queen, is second in succession to the Throne.

Princess Margaret becomes third in line. There were scenes of joy and excitement outside the Palace when the news of the birth of a Prince became known. The crowds were still cheering at midnight, but dispersed soon afterwards in response to an aDpeal by two officials or the Koyal Household, who said Princess Elizabeth wants to have some rest." The King and Queen and the Duke had remained at the Palace throughout the evening. Sir John Weir, who had visited the Princess in the morning, drove to the Palace during the evening. Soon afterwards calls went out to bring, Sir Alan Lascelles, the King's Private Secretary, and other officials to the Palace.

Theti came the announcement for which everyone had been waiting. A Prince was born. Parts. November 14. A further effort has been launched in Paris to solve the Berlin dispute between the four Occupying Powers.

Dr. Evatt, President of the United Nations Assembly, and Mr. Trygve Lie, the United Nations Secretary General, yesterday handed a letter to the leaders of the British, American, French, and Russian delegations here to send to the heads of their Governments. Basing themselves on the Mexican resolution recently adopted unani mously by the Assembly, which called on the Great Powers to "redouble their efforts" to reach agreement for concluding the outstanding peace treaties and other related problems. Dr.

Evatt and Mr. Lie urged on the heads of the four Governments "the desirability of immediate conversations and of taking all other necessary steps towards the solution of the Berlin question." TERMS OF THE APPEAL In their letter Dr. Evatt and Mr. Lie said On Wednesday, November 3, 1948, the General Assembly unanimously adopted an appeal to the Great Powers to renew their efforts to compose their differences and establish a lastine peace. In this resolution the Assembly declared that the disagreement between the Great Powers in a matter of vital importance to all the United Nations is at the present time the cause of the deepest anxiety among all the peoples of the world and that the United Nations, in the performance of its most sacred mission, is to afford its assistance and co-operation in the settlement of a situation the continuation of which involved grave dangers for international peace.

"The resolution then recommends the Powers signatory to the Moscow agreements of December 24, 1945, and the Powers whici subsequently acceded thereto to redouble their efforts in a spirit of solidarity and mutual understanding, to secure in the briefest possible time the final settlement of the war and the conclusion of all the peace settlements. The reDresentatives of all the Powers signatory to the Moscow agreements spoke in unqualified support of this resolution and voted for it. They have accepted the recommendation ana me wor a nsntiv expects them to take active steps toward carrying it out witnout aeiay. We oelieve the first step is to resolve the Berlin Question. This case is still pending before the Security Council.

We believe the history of the Security Council's consideration of this case demonstrates that it can be solved. Every day that the deadlock over Berlin continues the danger to the peace and security of all nations continues undiminished. Fear another war is crippling the effort of all nations to repair the damage of the last war and return once more to the ways of peace. The work of the General Assembly and of the United Nations as a whole in every field of its endeavour is being delayed and undermined. It is within the power of me jeaaers or tne great nations to which this communication is addressed to end this danger to the peace.

We therefore respectfullv urce unon the Governments France, the Soviet Union, the United Kinedom. and the United States, signatories to the Moscow declaration, the desiraDiuty oi immediate 5 CRIES OF "WE WANT PHILIP Reporters First with the News From our London Correspondent Eire's future relations with the Commonwealth are to be the subject of further discussions before the bill to repeal the External Relations Act is introduced into the Dail on Wednesday. An official statement issued in Dublin last night stated: 'At the invitation of reDresentatives of the British Commonwealth countries which participated the Chequer talks on October 17 last, the Minister for External Affairs, Mr. MacBride, the Minister for Finance, Mr. McGilUgan, and the Attorney General, Mr.

Cecil Lavery, will meet members of the Australian, BriUsh, Canadian, and New Zealand Governments in Pans to-morrow (Monday), for further discussion on Questions arising in con nection with the bill repealing the External Aeiauuns aci, me nrsi reading oi wnicn is set down for Wednesday next." Mr. MacBride and Mr, McGilligan were the two Eire Ministers who took part in the recent discussions with Commonwealth representatives at Chequers. With- Mr. Lavery they will fly to Paris this morning. It is expected that they will be back in Dublin on Wednesday in time for the opening of the Dail.

The British Cabinet met on Saturday for the third time in three successive days and will meet again to-day. The subject oi discussion is said to be a complicated issue which could not be settled at one or even two meetings. Our Lobby Correspondent writes One of the most pressing toDics likelv to be complicated is the constitutional develop ment of the Commonwealth. Whether the bill to repeal the External Relations Act is debated in the Dail on Wednesday or later, it may be that some statement orf the future relations of Eire and Britain will be made on the introduction of the bUl. SCRIBES QUESTION DR.

JOHNSON Relfgion in Russia From Alistair Cooke New York, November 13. Dr. Hewlett Jonnson, the Dean of Canterbury, flew into the LaGuardia airfield here last evening and faced a mob of scribes and Pharisees, newspapermen and photographers mostly. with the sweet and doggsd reasonableness of an early Christian martyr. He made a little speech for the newsreels about the feasibility of Western-Russian friendship and then smiled on the press, who made the mistake of upbraiding mm uu religious grounds, wnere Dr.

Johnson is at home." How, they asked him. could he reconcile his religion with Russian atheism He replied that the chief priests and rabbis of the Soviet Union were well disposed to the Soviet regime. But did he feel no sin as a Christian churchman in moving about among Soviet leaders He said that there were many who called themselves Christians who are in peril of atheism and manv who called themselves atheists who are true Christians. And, as a witness, he quoted to them Christ's railing at the scribes and Pharisees. Then the scribes put their heads together a little while and turned to the Dean again.

Was Stalin then, they asked him, Christian or an atheist? And he replied I never asked Stalin that, but he was very kind to me when I talked to him." They pressed him further and asked if he believed the Russians had renounced the Communist doctrine of atheism. And he said he did not know. AUTHORSHIP OF A SAYING Did he support the saying that Religion is the opiate of the people This saying, he replied, was not a Russian saying but had been made first by a canon of the English Church. When they pressed him to name the man he would not. And the scribes, grumbling and questioning each other, ran to their Stevenson's "Home Book of Quotations," where are written the words of Marx namely.

"Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the feelings of a heartless world. It is the opium of the people." Then the crowd chided him that the United Nations did not open its gatherings with prayers. He replied that this would not be proper, for manv different peoples of the earth besides the Russians are met there But how could the United Nations prosper if it did not agree to bow before the one truth common to ail reugions that is, a belief in God Different people, he said unto them. mean different things when they talk about God. There was a commotion among the scribes, and one of them said But surely, doctor, you.

a churchman, know what you mean by belief in God He said he did and thought, the nations would get on better together if they acted according to what I believe God is." Getting nowhere fast, the scribes turned to other matters and asked if the Russfans had an atomic bomb. Dr. Johnson said he would not be surprised tney nan ana went on to say that the Russians would put their knowledge of these secrets to make thsir way of life better and not to make bombs. Manv were comforted, but manv were greatly disturbed. The Dean went on his wav in good heart.

NEGOTIATIONS FOR GREEK CABINET Mr. Tsaldaris's Problems From our Special Correspondent Athens, November 14. When Mr. Tsaldaris, leader' of the Populist party, the largest party in the Greek Chamber, arrived in Athens from Paris yesterday he was asked by King Paul to start negotiations for forming a new Government. He has already encountered difficulties.

His own party, now reduced by defections to 132 in a Chamber of 354, is dependent for a vote of confidence by the House either on the support of the Liberal party or of several small parties. The Liberal party, composed of the followers of Mr. Sophoulis and Mr. Veniselos, commands 84 votes, but Mr. Tsaldaris has so far been unable to gain the support of both leaders.

The smaller parties are not likely to give their support to Mr. Tsaldaris unless they can have a proper share in the Government tTimes'i'ManchesterGairdian' Service LORD MONTGOMERY FLIES HOME Field Marshal Lord Montgomery, chairman of the Western Union Commanders-in-Chief Committee, returned to London in his private "plane yesterday from Brussels after talks with the Belgian military authorities. Previously he had a conference with the British. United States, and French Military Governors in Germany and had defence talks at the Communist-led C.G.T., as a protest against the methods of the police in dealing with Thursday's riots in the Avenue dps fha one serious clash. Shots were fired in ouresnes.

a suburb. Some pickets at Suresnes had damaged twn hticoc mant.niHiu1 the drivers in the morning, with the ocverai or uie risers naa themselves been arrested but later Tn tVlC sftamnnn CHA strikers from a local factory set out. in maitu iu uie uuuee station anrf nn i lhey smashed the windows, beat the aua luujs ms trousers on one oi them. A policeman who tried to intervene was knocked down and trampled on. Police reinforcements momentarily dispersed the demonstrators who, however, gathered again and stoned the police.

TheV snnPar tn hara attQS.li.arl tVi i-i nrK.A with great violence before the latter c- x-k v-, nuuuuiug oil U1U uicill Ul I as well as a younger workman. Seven teen oi xne ponce were injured, six seriously. The police made a small number of arrests. NO NEWSPAPERS The strike affected only the Paris area. The most notable interniDtion of work was that of the printers, which appearing.

This led to great confusion in the mi hi in minrf. cmpo tinned Uirl not listened to the wireless did not even "ur mat a auine VlUCdlCIlCU, US it had onlv been decided upon on the urevimis; pupnino There was a sharinwv TVTtrn anH riii service, dui tne great majority of those going into Central Paris had to do so On their feet. Tho matop cimnlv olmnot failed in upper storeys and gas pressure vaa au weas mat iuncn iook twice tne normal fimpi tn nnnr DiictKinp not collected. By a strange and distasteful aberration the undertakers men (in France a municipal service) went on striKe. so that all funerals Which harl "Hfin n.i-in crtn 3 fnr- Ct.i,...,, had to be postponed until Monday.

r-uouc omces were manned as usual. The distribution of letters was only a little late. Railways were unaffected. According to the industrial employers' organisations the factories were only affected to the extent of about 20 per cent The strike, therefore, did not provide the C.G.T. with anv ground for areat pride.

KIDNAPPED POLICE ESCAPE At Brassac-Ies-Mienes, in one of the small coal basins in Central France, where the arrests of three C.G.T. leaders in connection with the resistance offered to the police had led to 11.11JH1 X.AXA napped on Friday a police commissioner iiu two ujaijecturs, wnom uiey carriea off to one of the strike-bound pits, where they gave them beds and food below ground. The strikers apparently thought that their hostages were not sufficiently secure so they brought them to the surface yesterday to take them elsewhere. The three officers took advantage of beine above ground to escape. PARTIES STAY IN CABINET The meeting of the National Council of the Socialists and the M.R.P.

during the week has consolidated the Government's position. The M.R.P. has decided to remain in the coalition and not to withdraw its Ministers from the Cabinet. The Socialist National Council passed a resolution, which is addressed to the Prime Minister and to the parties of the majority. This resolution calls for firm ness in the struggle with the men of the Cominf orm and with neo-Boulangism," which is a new term for Gaulism in the Socialist official vocabulary.

TKe party then insists upon the importance of the fieht against profiteers and the improvement of the conditions of the wonting class, by a return to freely-negotiated wage agreements between employers and employees instead of the present system of wage fixation by the Government. The Socialists propose that the parties of the coalition should together draw up in as short a time as possible, an agreed list of the essential objectives at which the Government must aim in the next few months. NANKING BATTLE Communists Still on the Offensive Nanking, November 14. Suchow, the defence bastion of Nanking, the Chinese capital, was reported last night to be isolated. Travellers reaching Nanking say that the Communist armies can take Suchow any time their general gives the word.

The fog of-war and conflicting claims is now so acute that only one forecast is safe the immediate fate of the Chinese nation depends on the outcome of the Suchow battle. A quarter of a million Government troops are reported to be in the city, which lies about 200 rail miles north-west of Nanking. Travellers said that many of these troops had been disarmed because their loyalty was suspect Government reinforcements cannot reach Suchow. They are stranded at Pengpu, half-way between Nankmg and Suchow. as Communists have blown up the tracks and blockaded roads between Pengpu and Suchow.

These reports contrasted with Government claims that nine of the Communist columns have been routed. The whereabouts of the Chinese Government's Seventh Army Group, which the Government credited with a major vic tory east of Suchow last week, is not reported. A Chinese Communist broadcast reported that this Seventh Army Group was being "segmented and crushed east of Suchow. No one accents at face value the con flicting Government and Communist claims, but the burden is on the Communists. While the Communists retain the initiative, they need a clear-cut victory to avoid a winter stalemate.

Reporters, as usual, are prevented from reaching the battle zone. Neither side wants or will permit impartial on lookers. Associated Press- "BONUS" OF FOODSTUFFS FOR CHRISTMAS? The Minister of Food (Mr. Strachey) stated at Belfast on Saturday that he hoped shortly to be able to announce a bonus distribution of some foodstuffs at Christmas. It would not be "anything he said, but it would be something.

The gap between exports and imports was being. narrowed, be said. October had been easily the best month in that respect. There lay in that the prospect of being able to resume some of the purchases from the United States which were stopped over a year ago. The plan prepared by Dr.

Bunche. the acting mediator for Palestine, will, if acted on, involve a withdrawal of the Israeli forces from the Negev and the loss of their gains in the last month's military operations, and the establishment of a large neutral zone. The new plan (our Diplomatic Correspondent reports from Paris) has been approved by the committee appointed by the Security Council to help Dr. Bunche. The plan (which is already under strong criticism from the Jews and has been accepted by Egypt) proposes three things: 1.

It puts the Israeli forces comoletew out of the Negev, back to their positions on October 14. In some cases they are moved even farther back. 2. It leaves the position of Egyptian iorces approximately tne same, Dut restores to them control of important communications between their positions on the coast around Gaza, down through Beersheba. ana on oy way ot neoron to Jerusalem: 3.

It establishes a strip of "no-man's-land approximately six miles wide along the coast around Majdal. The proposals, leave the Egyptian forces in Bir Asluj a settlement south of Beersheba Beersheba. itself the most important town and road junction in the Negev, is to be demilitarised, the Israeli forces are to be withdrawn and the town put in charge of an Egyptian civil administrator. According to the Times Tel Aviv correspondent the order in effect means turning the whole of the northern Negev into a no-man's-land or neutral zone. The proposed southern line virtually confirms the Egyptians' present positions.

JERUSALEM Bethlehem Beersheba Miles qe Roads Railways The plan says that there shall be no limit to the amount of supplies sent to either the Arab or the Jewish forces in the Negev. The acting mediator, in transmitting the plan to the Egyptian and Israeli authorities (Reuter reports), sets next Friday as the deadline for establishing the new demarcation lines. He emphasises to the two parties that the arrangements in his plan are provisional only and shall endure until such time as the permanent truce lines are established. It is hoped in Paris (says our Diplomatic Correspondent) that soon after the withdrawal both parties will negotiate, with the assistance of the Truce Supervision Corps, permanent truce lines and perhaps neutral areas. If the Israeli Government rejects the plan the seven-member Security Council committee will have to consider what enforcement action under chapter seven of the Charter would be appropriate.

A serious situation (adds our correspondent) seems to lie ahead. The Security Council meets to-day to discuss the general question of the Palestine truce and its enforcement, and in particular the proposals for transforming the truce into a permanent armistice were submitted last week by Dr. Bunche to a private meeting of the Council. It will also discuss the British proposal to apply the same truce conditions in the disputed area on the Lebanon frontier. LORD WINSTER TO GO BACK TO CYPRUS Unfounded Suggestions The Colonial Office announced on Saturday that Lord Winster, Governor of Cyprus, would return to Cyprus at the end of his visit to Britain on leave.

The date of the termination of his appointment was to be the subject of talks while he was here. The statement declared that there was no foundation for suggestions that Lord Winster had threatened to resign oecause nrooosals that be nad made, including a request for additional powers in dealing with problems of internal security, had been rejected. The statement added As long ago as July he intimated that he would wish to seek release from the appointment of Governor on the grounds that, efforts to secure acceotanee of the Constitution offered to the island having proved unavailing, the primary purpose for which he undertook that appointment namely, the inauguration of the constitutional reforms proposed in October. 1946. no longer existed." OPPORTUNITY TO SUCCEED Nicosia (Cyprus), November 14.

Newspapers here to-day welcomed the announcement that Lord Winster, Governor of Cyprus, has asked to be released from office. The Left-wing paper Demoeratis published a manifesto by A.K.E.I (Reform Party of Working People), which said Opportunity is now offered to the British Government to succeed where Lord Winster failed, by granting to Cypriote the right to elect representatives to a Constituent Assembly which is given the task to work out the type of Constitution the people Eleftheria," a Right-wing organ, said Further attempts at side-tracking will fail as this failed and the sole solution is a Greek union." Reuter. KILLED IN SHOOTING ACCIDENT John Stanley Mason (47). assistant plant engineer at the Blackburn Aircraft Factory at Brough, near Hull, was killed in a gun accident while out. shooting wild duck on the River Humber on Saturday.

He lived in Albemarle Close, Brough. With his son, Peter (9). he went on a trip in a motor-boat, which was hatf a mile from the shore when the accident occurred. Removing bis boots and stockings, the boy jumped overboard and waded through water and mud, swimming part of' the way to reach the bank. He ran four borne and told his mother what bad happened.

Police and enM. 41. mtt tn search for toe boat Mann's body was I found Ivimr nn nmAAat outside it. I 3 ff Falun COST OF THE BERLIN AIR-LIFT From oar Special Correspondent ences ana estaDusn a lasting peace. Sir Alexander Cad pan wiU see Mr.

Marshall and M. Schuman either late tins evening or to-morrow, and wiU propose that the Evatt-Lie communica tion be jointly studied bv the three Foreign Ministers. Mr. Bevin, who is on holiday, would be represented by Mr. Hector McNeil, the Minister of State, who returns to Paris to lead the British delegation on Tuesday morning.

What precisely Dr. Evatt and Mr. Lie exoect to result from what is widely regarded as an inept, woolly and ill considered intervention is not clear. Of course the Berlin dispute could and should have been resolved through direct negotiation between the four Powers. For two months such negotiations dragged on in Moscow and in Berlin.

A GIFT FOR MOSCOW For two months the three Western Powers tried to negotiate with Russia under the continued duress the blockade But these negotiations broke down completely, and their history is known in detail to the world. The Western Powers made it clear beyond doubt that they had passed-the dispute to the Security Council because of this-breakdown, because the bad faith and the methods employed by the Russians had revealed that it was futile further to prolong such negotiations, because they had decided irrevocably not to negotiate any longer under duress. Now they are being asked to forget all this, to retract all they have stated, to start again from the- beginning, to negotiate with Moscow for restoring rights that are theirs by international treaty. What a wonderful gift to Moscow propagandists Throughout the communica-, tion there is not a word to suggest that Moscow would be acting in the spirit of the Charter if she were to desist from the use of force as a preliminary to settling the wider questions involved. If Mr.

Stalin would seriously and genuinely like to turn the suggestion of Dr. Evatt and Mr. Lie to advantage his own and that of the world he knows that he could have four-Power discussion on the whole derman problem the moment he authorises the lifting of the blockade. Nothing less than this will make the Western Powers willing to resume negotiations with him over Berlin. His readiness unconditionally to lift the blockade is the only real test of the sincerity of Mr.

Stalin's desire for a' peaceful settlement of the world's problem and of his reaction to the Evatt-Lie communication. air-lift. A recent official estimate put the cost at $350 an hour for a four-engined aircraft. Reliable private estimates put the present cost of a ton of coal flown in at $60. As the types and numbers of aircraft engaged are changing constantly, and as loading and transport operations are getting more economical, it would be rash to try to compute the cost simply by multiplying or dividing the figures given in the daily reports of the number of tons flown in or the aircraft engaged.

It might prove useful to explain the cost of the air-lift to the German public. Only recently I was asked confidentially by a German student what profit the Allies were making from the air-lift BRITISH REPLY TO RUSSIAN THREAT Berlin, November 14. Major General Westropp, British Deputy Chief of Staff, has replied in one sentence to the letter sent by Lieutenant General Lukyantschenko. Soviet Deputy Chief of Staff, alleging that aircraft not bearing marks of their nationality were flying in the air corridors and threatening that the Russians would force any unidentifiable 'planes to land on Soviet airfields. The reply said, "All British aircraft flying in the British zone and in the air corridors to Berlin carry the proper national identification markings and my Commander-in-Chief would regard the forcing down of British aircraft bearing national identification markings and proceeding on their lawful occasions as a matter of the utmost gravity." Reuter.

DOCTORS FORM NEW ORGANISATION From our London Staff Fleet Street, Svsmy. Some 670 meeting at the Caxton Hall under the chairmanship of Lord Horder. yesterday formed the Fellowship for Freedom In Medicine. This body, being deeply disturbed by the way outside influences may affect the quality of medicine in this country, is determined to do everything in its power to render the highest standards of practice possible in the future." It is not, Lord Horder said, opposed to any other existing medical organisation. Ten members of the executive committee, eventually to number twenty, were elected at yesterday's They were instructed, (i) to formulate a constitution, and (ii) to begin an examination of any anomalies which have arisen in medical practice as a result of the National Hearth Service Act, This work was started today.

The Allowing office-bearers were elected: Chairman. Lord- Horder; yice-cbairman. Dr. Hale-White; hon! treasurer. Mr.

Reginald Payne and. G'BosWand STILL GROUNDED There was no change yesterday in ths the middle of lart week byTdlspute aowjuvrivfec nearly 1,000 atrvinx noise. All he got was a cheer for himself and his solicitude and advice that if the Princess could hear it would only raise her spirits to know what people thought aooui it an. The crowd was growing fast. All dav there had been hundreds by the gates and on the memorial, and thev had remained quiet and discreet.

But now they felt it was time to reioice. We want Philip thev called. And then they sang "God bless the Prince of Wales and For he's a jolly good fellow." Motorists and people in taxis who did not know the news stuck their heads out of the window. Anything happened It's a boy-ee they were told. They paid off their cabs or parked their cars and joined the throng.

GREETINGS TO QUEEN MARY A few minutes before midnight Queen Mary's car, leaving for Marlborough House, was stopped by the cheering crowds and she gave her usual greeting. But the Duke of Edinburgh had not appeared. It was an unusual crowd. Almost everybody was between 20 and) 40, and the majority seemed to be young married couples. They were well dressed and many of them had the appearance and accents of Chelsea, Kensington, and Hampstead.

Some were in evening dress and fur cloaks. It was a little late for the East End to get so far on a Sunday night. The air was soft and warm and though cloud hid the stars the visibility was good. The Mall is one of the few thoroughfares in London which remain well lighted, but it was a pity that the facade of the Palace was not floodlit on this night of celebration as it was for the wedding ceremony. REJOICING IN THE DOMINIONS Before midnight many messages of congratulations to Princess Elizabeth and her husband had already reached Buckingham Palace.

Among the first were telegrams from Lord Alexander, Governor General of Canada, on behalf of the people of Canada, and Lord Granville, Governor of Northern Ireland, on behalf of the people of Ulster. Mr. Mackenzie King (who resigns the Premiership to-day) cabled to Princess Elizabeth the greetings of the Government of Canada. He also sent personal messages to Princess Elizabeth, Prince Philip, and to the King and Queen. In churches throughout Canada, prayers were said for the new Prince and his mother.

In Ottawa the great bells of the carillon in the Peace Tower of Parliament Buildings rang for an hour. BELLS. GUNS, AND FIREWORKS Many Australians heard the news as they were getting ready to go to work this morning. The first word was received in Sydney soon after 8 aon. (local time).

Electronic carillons played in Sydney and Melbourne and the radio stations put on special programmes. The Prime Minister. Mr. ChiHey, has sent a message to King George through the Governor General. The Army and warships fired royal safutes in New Zealand when news of the birth was received.

Flags appeared on public buildings everywhere. The naval authorities arranged a fireworks display as part of the celebrations at Hone KoriR. President Truman and officials of the United States'' State Department are expected tcr send their felicitations to-day. The New York Daily News had a four-inch headline across its front page and gave the news of the birth in type one inch deep. It carried a picture of the crowd outside the Palace.

News of the birth was received with delight In Copenhagen. Fanny Jensen, officially Minister without Fort-folio but unofficially "Minister for housewives and children and the only woman Cabinet Minister in Denmark; said I hope the child will be as loved by the English people as by his mother. Telegrams of congratulation were sent last night by the Lord Mayor of Manchester (Alderman Mary Kingsmill Jones) to the Duke and Duchess of Edinburgh and to the King and Queen. When news of the birth was received at Manchester Town Hall the electrically-operated carillon sounded a joyous peaL Few people were in the city and the streets were almost deserted. NDAY.

At three minutes past eleven last night an official fixed on the main gate of Buckingham Palace a small gilt frame which contained a paper of official blue. On it was a handwritten message, but it was placed too high to be read in the rays of the lamps on the Victoria Memorial. A student was given a leg up and then calling for silence, he read the proclamation which told of the birth of a Prince and of the good health of mother and son. It was not news to the crowd. They had first learned of the birth from newspaper men but had.

refused to accept it. But confirmation soon eame. first from a man in evening dress who came from the Palace and was mistaken for the Duke of Edinburgh, then from a page in blue livery, a most important little fellow who marched across the courtyard and gave his message to a policeman, who passed it on to the crowd. WE WANT PHILIP And now people were appearing who had heard the broadcast announcement at 10 14, exactly an hour before. Philip, Philip, we want Philip," the crowd began to call, and in between their demand they raised magnificent cheers that must have echoed, even if faintly, inside the Palace walls.

Servants, perhaps people of higher rank, could be seen looking out from the top windows, but who they were nobody could even guess. A policeman, a family man himself no doubt, appealed to the crowd to have a heart and make less ROYAL TOAST IN CHAMPAGNE When the Duke of Edinburgh was told that he had a son he went to see his wife while she was still under the anaesthetic. Immediately afterwards he went to see his son. who had been taken to the nursery. A few minutes later the Duke brought the King and Queen to see their grandson.

The Duke went back to Princess Elizabeth and stayed with her for some time after she had recovered from the anaesthetic. The King and Queen and Queen Mary went in to see Princess Elizabeth and remained with her for some time. The Duke opened a bottle of champagne and with members of his staff, including Lieutenant General Sir Frederick Browning, Comptroller to the Princess and the Duke, and Lieutenant Michael Parker, R.N., his equerry, drank to the health of the new Prince. A telephone call was sent to Princess Margaret, who was spending the weekend with Lord and Lady Scarbrough at Retford. The child was born in a room on the first floor of Buckingham Palace, overlooking the Mall.

It was the first royal birth at the Palace since Lady Patricia daughter of the first Duke of Connaught, was born there In 1886. FIRST TO BE NOTIFIED The Home Secretary was not in official attendance, the King having recently dispensed with this archaic custom for which, constitutional experts had declared, no statutory obligation existed. But Mr. Chuter Ede was the first person to be notified by a telephone message from the palace, so that he might carry out his official duty of announcing tne evenv oy means oi a bulletin pinned to the Home Office doors. Thp TsvrA Mavnr of London, who as first citizen of the capital has the traditional right to be informed at once, received the news direct from Mr.

Ede. Sir Alan Lascelles, Private Secretary to the Kins, sent official telegrams on behalf of the King to all the Governors-General overseas in recognition of the new status of -Dominions. The B.B.C. interrupted its pro grammes to announce tne ttoyai mrm, i th T.iVht Programme was cancelled after the announcement and suitable records, including Brahms and Shepherd's Cradle Song," were played. Macclesfield had decided not to have a siren for the royal birth, but it got rvtrn hv accident for almost an hour.

Shortly after the B.B.C. armouncernent tne whistle or an unanenaea locomotive in Macclesfield- goods yard began to blow and went on blowing until a railwayman, off duty, heard the noise and ran to the yard to shut the steam off. Berlin. November 14. The United States Secretary for Defence, 'Mr.

James Forrestal, took off for Frankfurt from Berlin to-day in a grey blanket of fog which enveloped the Tempelhof airfield and completely stopped air-lift operations to Berlin until late to-night. Mr. Forrestal arrived here last night and immediately had a meeting with General Clay, the United States Military Governor Mr. Bedell Smith, the United States Ambassador in Moscow Mr. Murphy.

General Clay's political adviser, and other important officials. This morning he again saw General Clay and Mr. Bedell Smith, and to-night in Frankfurt he was meeting General Robertson, the British Military Governor. To-morrow he leaves for Paris on his way back to Washington. Mr.

Fbrestal told correspondents that he had "simply come to look at the airfields himself and to talk over matters with General Clay." It had not been the" purpose of bis visit to discuss Western European defence plans with other than American military leaders. He could not comment on the question whether he had discussed the arming of Western Europe on this trip. Answering my question he said he estimated the cost of the air-lift at more than a hundred million dollars. About his nersonal clans he said he bad told President Truman that he would not be able to serve for the whole period of this Administration. It was a matter for President Truman to settle.

There have been various individual American estimates of the cost of the WOMAN DEAD IN ASH TIP The Durham county police are acting on the assumption that Mrs. Sarah Ellen Watson (38), of Windsor Terrace, New Kyo, near Stanley. County Durham, was murdered. Mrs. Watson's body was found in a rat-infested ash tip near her home, on Saturday.

A pathologist's report indicated that she died from a throat injury. Police yesterday took statements in an attempt to piece together the woman's last hours. Mrs. Watson was better known in the district by her maiden name Nellie Johnson. She kept house for her nephew.

John Johnson, who works in a local colliery. He saw her when he returned from work on Friday night She left the house shortly after- Later she had a drink with women friends who meet every Friday at a local hotel She is believed to have left there alone at about 9 pa. She is believed to have been seen at a fan fair near where her body was found, partly concealed. MR. STRACHEY IN DUBLIN Mr.

John Strachey. the Minister of Food, arrived In Dublin from Belfast last nieht and was the truest of the Government at a dinner. He will have talks to-day with officials ot the Department of Agriculture..