The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 8

8. THE MANCHESTER FRIDAY, OCTOBER 12, 1945 THE DOCK STRIKE STOP-PRESS NEWS INDEPENDENT AMERICAN INQUIRE INTO THE BALKANS Reasons for Mr. Byrnes's Decision From our Diplomatic Correspondent 70,000 TRADE UNIONISTS IN HAMBURG Co-operating with Military Government From our Special Correspondent would be valued in the United States a completely independent judgment. It was Mr. Bevin who, as he disclosed in the House of Commons this week, first suggested an independent inquiry, but he presumably had in mind a mixed commission of some To this suggestion Mr.

Molotov replied unhelpfully, but perhaps not without reason, that there were surely commissions enough. The numbers of observers are irrelevant The real for our political advisers and for representatives on the control commissions, is that they have enjoyed enough freedom of movement and contact. Mr. Byrnes may hope that Mr. Etheridge as a journalist wi'J be granted fuller facilities.

THE DARDANELLES Some of the troops who are to docks photographed after- their Cheshire. U.N.R.R.A.'s PART IN HEALING THE WOUNDS OF WAR Combined Effort Needed for Lasting Peace President Truman Catholics are willing to broaden the old Centre party to include Protestants in the Christian Democratic fold, but some Protestants and non-religious anti-Socialists are opposed to this. The Socialists are the most numerous of all parties with some fifty thousand members in Hamburg alone and twenty-thousand elsewhere in the province of Schleswig-Holstein. Probably the most important figure connected with the party is Severing, formerly Minister of the Interior in pre-Nazi days. Apart from Hamburg its most considerable branches in this area are in Liibecit, Neumunster.

and Schleswig. Its programme includes the nationalisation of heavy industry and the division of large estates amongst peasants. It is pledged to maintain full democratic rights and private enterprise in small businesses. Membership of the Communist party, from which the Socialists hold themselves completely aloof, is about fifteen thousand in Hamburg. Other branches are in Kiel, Liibeck, Eckernforde.

and Flensburg. The party claims to be independent of both Moscow and Berlin. In addition to the political parties there are numerous small anti-Fascist groups organised on Popular Front lines, notably Antifain Liibeck. and Antinazi Aktion in Neumunster. These two bodies have been particularly helpful in regard to de-nazification.

FINDING THE NAZIS This process began in Hamburg as soon as the British moved in. The first to be investigated were members of the corps of civil servants and municipal employees totalling 48,000. The amount of work achieved varies from department to. department, some having been almost entirely dealt with, others not being so far advanced. In each Government department the Military Government has had the assistance of a committee of three men, one senior official, one of medium rank, and one junior official selected by the Military Government.

Now the task is beginning of dealing in the same way with big business in the city. Each case is decided on its merits, but Military Government officials stress that no man is retained in office ence his record has been found, unsatisfactory just because he happens to be useful. Another sorting-out process at present going on in Hamburg occurs as the Wehrmacht is being disbanded. This is being done on an alphabetical basis. When a soldier comes up to receive nis discharge papers, civilian ration cards, if he has got a Nazi past he is sent on to the former concentration camp at Neuengammen.

where he is further screened. The same thing happens if before the war he held a position in one of the professions in which the British authorities now think Nazi sympathies were essential for membership. London, Thursday Night. The State Department's decision to send an independent observer investigate conditions in Bulgaria and Rumania is not a new approach to the problem of British and American relations with the Balkans but- a variation of an old one. The Potsdam Agreement allowed that the British, American, and Russian Governments should "examine each separately in the near future, in the light of the conditions then prevailing, the establishment of diplomatic relations with Finland, Rumania.

Bulgaria, and Hungary. Mr. Byrnes has, interpreted this to mean that each Government should separately examine conditions, and it is certainly in this tenor that the British and American Governments have acted since Potsdam. British and American political advisers were appointed to each capital alongside the Control- Commissions, and it is largely on their observations that conclusions' have been drawn. VALUE OF INDEPENDENT REPORT Mr.

Byrnes has now extended the work of observation to a new agent In choosing Mr. Mark Etheridge, a journalist of very high standing, he may well have had an eye on his own public as well' as upon the possible usefulness of a special mission at this point. American opinion has been much exercised about the Balkan problem, shattering as it did the Foreign Ministers' Conference, and towards which the policy of the Western Powers was initiated by the American Government. The findings of a journalist, free from all State Department Influence. WAR CRIMES IN POLAND 8,000 Cases Listed From oar London Staff Poland's new Attorney General, Dr.

George Sawicki, is in London for a few days arid gave a press conference yesterday at the office of the War Crimes Commission. Himself an internee-in the camp at Maidenek for six months, he gave facts about this camp, which the Russians reached early in April this year. The news of gas chambers was then given to the world, for Maidenek was the first camp to have them. Children had a separate gas chamber, he said, at Maidenek, and he believed 500,000 children had been gassed there He himself had spent six years in various German prisons and concentration camps, but seemed to have recovered his health. "You can't imagine the hatred there is in my country of the Germans after what they have done to us," he said in answer to a Question about the hundreds of thousands of German refugees now arriving in Western Germany from the.

new Poland. Asked whether there was any cooperation between Polish and Russian War Crimes Commissions, Dr. Sawicki said he would answer that with another question. "Are there any Russian War Crimes Commissions He stated' that all the crimes commissions in Poland were mixed ones, with Poles and Russians on them. In round figures, he said.

8,000 cases of war criminals, both German and Polish, were under consideration. About 1,000 had already been tried ani a quarter of these had been acquitted. The 15,000 names submitted-by the Folish London Government's wai crimes section were being re-examined. "General Bor and his Warsaw fighters are not considered as war criminals," said the Attorney General, briefly WAR CRIMES COURT MEETS IN SECRET Berlin, October 11. The Nuremberg war crimes trial Court met behind closed doors in Berlin to-day.

There were indications that the first session of the Court open to the press will be held here on Saturday, when the judges will receive a iijijctment against 24 Nazi accused after Moscow has approved a translation. If the Court receives the indictment here on Saturday the trials will probably open in Nuremberg thirty days later, giving the "accused a clear month to prepare their defence. The sessions at Nuremberg will be long and may last for most of the winter. The length of the Christmas recess is already being considered. Reuter.

Three, people were stabbed in Bombay last night, the first incidents -a week. Only yesterday the curfew order for the city was with-drawn. Tleuter. A.1U.S. Seventh Army military coimnission 'at Heidelberg yesterday sentenced Wilhelm Deitermamv to death by hanging for killing a defenceless' American airman near Buchenau last.

October. Another- German with Dietermann was acquitted. QUISLING'S ACTIONS MISUNDERSTOOD Sentence Extraordinary QUISLING Quisling yesterday told the Norwegian Supreme Court, which is hearing his appeal against the death sentence, that he considered -it extraordinary that a man like him should be sentenced to death for treason. Oslo radio reported. "Both I and my Government always resisted the German demands." he said.

"The charge against me throws a misleading and false light on the whole of my struggle for Norway." He 'said that it had always been his intention to re-establish the neutrality and independence of Norway His counsel pleaded that Quisling's characler had been misunderstood and that he was, sincere in his beliefs. The prosecution retorted that judgment must be based on actions and not on words. Reuter. BIRTHS, MARRIAGES. AND DEATHS 1m 6a per lint.

(Minimum wo unci. All inch nnpuncemHiu emit' be uthentlcated' Bi Kte name and iddren of ttae lender, tnd In cat cue of. thf imliirM al BMh partlM. postage itamp or penal order mmj oe lent in payment BIRTHS CAtSON. On October 9.

1945. to PATJUNE. ullo oi C. R. son.

Warreniide. Rhvnelzr: HECINHTHAM. 0.1 October 9. at St. Mam Services Maternity Home.

Adllnaton to Uefit and Ma. Z. HEOINBOTHAM. a ton (Cedrlo Antnony). COMING OF AGE CARTER.

Mr. arrf Mn. H. X. CARTER na pleamra "mlnr oi age of their only son, GEOFFREY (R.N on October 12.

1945. 8. Iiyndene airdeni. Klnpwiy. Gatley.

WTJ. Mr. and Mi a. 'PITT, of Wilton Street. Denton.

'Mancneiter. are happy to announce ttS cominj on October 12. 1945, of their only MD. OEORT WILLIAM TURNER Cipt1n. Thi South Lincaialra Regiment), now tenia fin Burma.

ENGAGEMENTS Th entailment 11 announced elder son of Mr. iSdM B- Halt. 67. Klnnvay, Pendlebury, Mancheiter. and PEGGY JOAN, only dauihter of Mrand lira R.

DRABBLE. 64. Ecclea Road. Ston. Lac3re: MACKENZIE THORP.

The eniMment la announced between WiO ALEXANDER D. MACKENZIE. A.P.. aecond ton of Mr. O.

H. Bowdon. and PATRICIA THORP. WJVJl.pVTeileit dauihter ot Mr. and Mm.

a. B. Thorp, haul PEARSON POWELL. The enratment ig announced Surgeon Lieut GEOFFREY M. PEARSOnT R.M.V.R., Jrountest son of Mr.

and Mn. Jamei France. FORTHCOMING MARRIAGE nwrrlafe hu been arraneea MOHlt'SdROT MARRIAGES CLOVER HOWES. On October 6. 1945.

at St. JSTSSl youageat ton ot. Mr. Si 1 JT. OLOVER of Kennerley Road.

Slighter of the iate Mr. and of Mra. BOWES, of Egerton Road. Dareaport. LEIGH MOORE1.

On October 10. 1945. In London. OLATOE MIGH. of Foliejon WlXriadTto "OORES fnie Lalthwafte).

widow of Vernon Moorea. of Uenehetter Silver Wedding KAVNEC TAYLOR. Oi October 12. 1920. at SlEP'Hf' JJ01! Weateyan Church, Cnorlton-cura- HAROLD BAJNE8 to LUCY A.

TAYLOR. 65. Brorowleh Street. Haulih. Bolton DEATHS ASHWORTH.

On October 11. at 16, Poppythorn Prestwlch lat of Dtmarden, MlSdleton). lorei husband of Helena ASH WORTH. Berrtee on Saturday at 11 15 ffl MJ4 M'tbodlst Ohurea. followed by Interment at Mlddleton New Cemetery.

Peace. Pece No flowers or mourning. Inoulrlea to S. Well ens and Boa. TeL Mm.

B677. ELL. On October suddenly, at her suter's residence. 19. Nortnen arove.

West Oidsbun. ELIZABETH In her V9f year, Bid wK P-Jb BJsil 01 Prestwfch. Interment at ft. Mary's Church, Prestwlch, on Saturday, October TeL DID 3960' Tcmaa Brothers. BOWKER.

On October 11. a 4, Balmaln Road. pnyhuUae. ELIZABETH, secood. daughter of the late Mr dr-d-Mrs.

8. BOWKER (formerly of Old Trafford). Inoulrlea to B. Smethills and Sons, Higher Road, TeL 0P.U. 2316.

CUR5.H'")a,.0ct5r n' 19, VI. Itaplea HoeA Edgeley. Stockport. WILLIAM BBS WICK CORK AN fLodta ot Faith 581). dearly lored husband of Annie Curran, aged 65 years: for 52 years -1th Lloyd, Payne, and Amief, Manchester.

Serriee at tbe Mancbater Crematorium on Monday TeL STO. 2865. fl'LD. On October 9. 1945.

105. Bitnop street. Manchester 16. MARY COOPER FIELD, the d-miy lored aunt of RmmeimB Mary Baldwin. Serriee at Msrroie fs Church.

WhaUey Range, on Saturday, at "2 30 pa prior to Interment at 'the Southern Cemetery at 1 15 No Dowers, JJ, own reaum. Inourrlea to T. H. Pepperdlne. Ltd: Tela.

Mom side 2279 and Cbortton 3629. CRIMtHAW. On October 8. 1945. MAT GRIMSBAW, wife of Too Grtmahaw, viand.

Kingston Arenue. Blackpool In her Slst year. Interment at chureh aad Clayton Cemetery this day (Friday) at 2 30- p.m., preceded by a tcrrlce at Byland. No monrrdnf. by special reauest.

-JAMES. On October 10 at tier resMence, 372. Walmenley Road, Bury. Aim ARRF1ELD, dearly lored wife ot Alderman t. JAVES.

Sendee at Si. Mark's Church, on October 13, at 11 a.n-L. pdor to Interment at WalmerglST Church at 11 30 ajn. Inquiries to Heap, and son. TeL Bury 797.

RO WBOTTO M. On October 11. boapital. after brief Illness. JZSSIE ROWBOTTOM (en tba teaching stall of Whitfield School.

lesson) forties at St. James's Church. Whitfield, on Monday. October 15. at I 30 pjn and Interment at Olcasop Cemetery.

Crlaw'Oocupany. (FEED On 11, 1945. at 13. SIbaon Bead. ChoTlton-cam-Hardy.

GEORGE, mi -ot Ada SPEED. THOU KH I Ll On October 11. 1945, at 13. Milton Street. Denton.

SARAR ANN EDEK. wkjowof Ames THORHHILL (after a short luneaM. Semea and Interment at Christ Church. Denton, on Monday. October 15.

at twelve noon Irwralrles to t. Clayton. THOMSfTGM. On October 11. JO A3, aced' October 11.

JOAS. 24 years. tone Miners, orareiy some-, eeiored younger oaoanier jar. ana JEI J. TmJHZITON and -dearly knrrd sister of Mrs.

B. rJlrdtrT RaSroce .4. Oalmorton Road. Chnrltrm -etna-Hardy. Active Service TMyiaV-r-Os October" 9.

reported missmg. eomed tn an air ataldenVSnh-TJegt. A) KjuiwlriM C. TEAV13. tdZO JtvLSt SearS lored elder' son of.

Mr. anT, Mrs -ovy Trm Bead, wfltosjpy -iraro. ttrMWl (OXamT and FLOREN CE wish to thank an "S'SSJo Ho to them -tn their sorrow. Broomhm. Sryn vOM -'CJorwnL' Tv?" Ir- T.

O. AgLOW retrers that ana 'Ia tmahla-- to ana xneaaa for all mwrr tratOBXhr tn tettt tmnautati'. also-for'-SSSlvSniu, Mrs. atAVUS and Family tbank sUajeralW "mn riM Wbtttes regrol ta the loaa of tnX dearBIlt v- rtfHOTRIAMV- -'r'K KldCI AJtO. Losing mcraonea'af OUJTT.

Msnciwater 2. Hamburg, October 11. The increase in membership of the Hamburg trade unions during September was fifteen thousand, bringing the total strength of the thirteen existing unions, covering all the principal branches of the city's industrial and economic -life, to seventy thousand. In addition to these unions there are associations of professional workers and of workers from trades too small to organise. The unions are members of a central advisory committee, which is a kind of miniature T.U.C., and almost all have offices and paid secretaries.

Their attitude to the Military Government has been described as extremely forth comina and co-operation has been given in a number of ways, notably reports on the state of the various groups of workers and aid the denazification of local government authorities and big business. This relatively satisfactory state of affairs has not come about without difficulty. Immediately after the British entered Hamburg groups of workers applied for or received permission to set up unions. These workers were originally moved largely by the political aims of their union to which all workers in all industries were expected to belong, the Socialist Free Trade Union. The political aims included the expropriation of businesses, estates, as well as the use of the trade union movement to run virtually all the civil' affairs of Hamburg.

Within two months, however, dissension between these political trade union leaders and the old-fashioned leaders of pre-Nazi unions had come to ahead and the dissolution of the Socialist Free Trade Union resulted. This step was taken bv the members' representatives themselves and not by the Military Government. This development of unions in Hamburg is probably the" furthest extent of the growth of healfh political feeling, in the British zone at least, for the parties are still very much, spite of Military Government encouragement, the affairs of a few men keenly interested in politics but without, so far. any great weight of instructed or, indeed, of -my sort of political feeling behind them. HAMBURG'S TWO PARTIES So far there are two completely organised parties in Hamburg, the Socialists and the Communists.

Representatives of two more parties. Christian Democrats and Democrats, are at presem meeting to try to unite and form a third party, which will be conservative in character, but there is disagreement about the use of religion' as the basis or rsart of the basis for its policy. The NO CHANGE IN SIZE OF NEWSPAPERS A Currency Problem In a statement on behalf of the Newsprint Supply Company yesterday, Sir Walter Layton, a director and chairman of the rationing committee, said that the company had recently received notice from the Government that, owing to the exchange situation, the preparations that were in hand for increasing the size of newspapers must be indefinitely postponed. Arrangements had been made for increased imports both of finished newsprint and of pulp for the manufacture of newsprint in home mills sufficient to enable the penny dailies to double their size and to permit appropriate increases in other categories. The Government's ruling restrict imports of newsprint and or of pulp in 1946 to the amount required for the present wartime sizes of newspapers.

Following discussions in London last week with the representative of tne Canadian newsprint manufacturers, importation of newsprint from Canada and Newfoundland will be limited in 1946 to 50,000 tons out of the 224,000 tons -contracted for, the balance being postponed to a future period. imports mainly from Scandinavia will be limited to the amount needed to permit the home mills to manufacture the balance of our newsprint requirements on the present basis. This will be a little less than 300,000 tons which is about 35 per cent of the theoretical capacity of the mills. The situation will be further reviewed again next April; NEWSPRINT FROM CANADA The Government states that in adjusting the programme between imports ol newsprint and imports of pulp they have decided to continue imports of-newsprint from Canada and Newfoundland on a diminished scale with object -of maintaining contact with Canada "and Newfoundland suppliers wno nave oeen so neipiui aurmg the war. This will slow down the rate of the expansion of British mill output in 1948 by 50,000 tons.

Sir Walter said there was a supply problem, but it was nothing like so. acute as the currency problem- The newspaper industry was 100 perflfcent an import industry and one of the most vulnerable from the point of view of international trade, particularly so because Scandinavia and North America were hard currency areas. MORE NEWSPRINT FOR AMERICA, The Canadian newsprint industry has recommended to. the Government that limitations on the export of newsprint to the United States should' be abolished on December 31, says Reuter frcm Montreal. U.S.

POLICY TOWARDS ARGENTINA From our own Correspondent New York, October .11. With- the overthrow of Colonel Peron in Argentina there is much concern in Washington that United' States should demonstrate its known sympathies by a firm declaration of policy, The obvious initial step would be swift confirmation by the Senate of Mr. Spruflle Bra den as' Assistant Secretary of State for T.at in-American affairs. For the last two weeks the "Senate Foreign Relations" Committee has been reviewing the Argentine situation 'with but'iso Vfar hasi not wmfirmed -his nomination, in his new State Department post, although. Truman recently commended' his courag while publicly opposing the policies of the military dictatorship -there.

There is no indication to-night that any special action has been taken by the British Government parallel to the American preparation of a letter to the Turkish Government on the revision of the Montreux Convention. The British Ambassador in Ankara has, however, been in close touch with the Turkish Foreign Minister ever since the subject was first raised. It has already been made clear" to Turkey that, in the British view5, the Montreux Convention should be revised if for no other reason than tnat Japan was a signatory to it. Turkey agrees in principle, but is concerned lest Russia's interest in revision should involve a threat to Turkish sovereignty in that area. Such a threat is taken to be implied in the earlier Russian demand for bases there.

The decision taken at the Foreign Ministers conference that approaches to Turkey on the subject should be made separately by each Government suggests that there will be a long and intricate period of exchanges before any more general understanding can be reacned. GERMAN'S FORGED PAPERS Claimed to be English Our former Polish correspondent writes In a talk with Dr. Sawicki I have obtained further particulars, concerning the former officer of the German Army who is now under arrest in a Polish prison in Lodz and who alleges that he is a British citizen. He was arrested in Lodz some six weeks ago, having been recognised me street by a Pole who knew him as an officer of the German Army. Dr.

Sawicki told me We found on him documents showing that he actually was a German officer, a captain in the Army. We also found on him a letter alleged to have been given by the Manchester Guardian to him to act as correspondent in Germany. Other documents purported to show him to have been a member of the Labour party. He further stated that he was born in England, studied medicine in Cambridge, and that later on he became a member of the German Army before the war. His mother, he said, had married a second time an Englishman named Wilson, now supposed to be living in Sussex He himself married in Poland several months ago when hiding in civilian clothes.

I informed the British Embassy in Warsaw and told them that if they wished the Polish Attorney General would hand him over for them to investigate the case and mat no proceedings against mm would be made if he could be proved to be a British citizen. My own impression is that the documents wnicn this person has produced are false, forged by the Germans as thev have foreed many others before to hide the real iderH ury oi persons. The arrested man also had the verdicts of German military courts showing that he was degraded from captain to lieutenant and later to corporal for various acts in the army. "But these verdicts," maintained Dr. Sawirici.

"mav alsn hp nrrsr? Tho matter is now being investigated by the British Embassy in Warsaw through the British authorities here and until mis is cleared up the man will remain the Polish prison. No person who would correspond with Dr. Sawicki's description has been employed as Manchester Guardian correspondent in Germany or Poland. Of the six correspondents who represented the paner in Germany between 1918 and 1939 two are dead, one (Mr. C.

A. Lambert) is in Warsaw for the "'Daily Herald." and three are now in Liondon its former Polish correspondent is also in London .1 LT. GEN. W. D.

MORGAN F.M. Alexander's Successor Lieutenant General W. D. Morgan. C.B D.S.O., M.C., has been appointed Supreme Allied Commander.

Mediterranean theatre, in succession to Field Marshal Alexander and General Joseph T. McNarney. temporarily in command since the departure of Field Marshal Alexander, the War Office announced last night Lieutenant General Morgan, who is 53 and the son of an Edinburgh doctor, was appointed G.O.C.-in-C. Southern Command in February last year. Belgian welcome is particularly agreeable after the affront which France suffered from Soviet policy at the London conference.

It is noticeable that the Communist press pays virtually no attention to and, of course, expresses no pleasure at the Brussels visit, while nearly all other papers are full of it. Similarly General de Gaulle's speeches in Germany have been bitterly attacked in the Communist press the arguments used have been tnose of cheap national demagogy. Are Trier and Freybourg to be rebuilt before Havre and Brest, the Humanite has asfeed? Instead of talking about the reconstruction of Germany, the same paper has declared, it would be better to bring to France the beef of Wurttem-burg since, according to the organ of the French Communist party, all visitors to Germany are agreed that there is plenty of food there. i Non-Communist commentators on General Gaulle's policy in Germany are on stronger ground when they point out th up to date there has been little to indicate a coherent policy and practical constructive- effort in the French zone of occupation. The lack of it has.

been an even more serious handicap to France than the shortage of -equipment in the Fjeuch Army of occupation on which 'many French journalists have It- is encouraging that the French Government has now sent one of the ablest of vnnncrni-. nimniffnfnw. 1JT Enul Lafoi. as its principal representa-' uvu aujfire in me rrencn zone. unload food ships in Liverpool arrival at Bromborough Camp, Manchester Guardian CODCTlKht cipally flour and cereals, because the prevention of starvation ha'd to take precedence over all other relief problems.

However, as the quarter ended, increasing stress was being placed upon agricultural and industrial rehabilitation supplies: Shipments from the Far East were very limited because of continued military operations. Other points from the President's report were Displaced persons. In Germany during the second quarter nearly 5,000 U.N.RJLA. personnel were assisting or preparing to assist in the greatest project for aid to displaced persons in history. Similar operations were started in Austria.

DETERIORATION IN HEALTH Health and epidemics. Health conditions in Europe and in the former occupied areas of the Pacific have deteriorated tremendously because of under-nourishment and lack of proper clothing. Under U.N.R.R.A. sponsorships public health programmes are being planned for all Europe and eventually the Far East. Equipment for 1,066 hospitals was scheduled for shipment bv the end of September U.N.R.R.A.

is spending 7,500,000 dollars (1.875.000) to equip 1,000 milk kitchens, 1.000 dav nurseries. 1,000 children's hostels, 1,000 maternity and child welfare centres, and similar items. Agriculture. U.N. R.R.

is planning to ship 5,000 animals monthly to Greece, Yugoslavia, Czechoslovakia, and Poland (mostly heifers, bulls, and horses) to help replace live stock destroyed during the war. 30(1 Shipping. By June 30 U.N.R.R.A. had formally requested from' contributing countries supplies valued at 773,000,000 dollars an increase over the previous quarter of 329,054,000 dollars The major supplying countries, the United States, Canada, and Britain, were asked to furnish 92 per cent of the total. Reuter.

LUNEBURG WITNESS DISAPPEARS Postcard Evidence From our Special Correspondent Luneburg, October 11. The military authorities are searching for a German woman who disappeared from the precincts of the Luneburg courtroom to-day after coming from Hanover to testify on behalf of Franz Hossler, one, of the S.S. men charged with crimes at Auschwitz and Belsen, who spent most of the day in the witness-box. Major A S. Monroe, defending Hossler, stated that on a postcard from her he had arranged for the woman to give evidence and had seen her in court to-day, but she had now disappeared, apparently after conversation with the prosecution's witnesses.

The Deputy Judge Advocate General If that is so, the iourt win nave to uo something about it. It is a serious matter." Later, on an objection by Colonel Backhouse that a reflection was. being cast on his witnesses from a mere suspicion. Major Monroe unreservedly withdrew his suggestion, but he was permitted "to; put in tne woman postcard in which she said that she had been a prisoner at Auschwitz for three years and that far from having selected Jews for the gas chamber Hossler had always tried to save them. Hossler, aged 39, with ten years' service in the camps behind him, admitted that, acting on orders as a Lagerfuhrer at Auschwitz, he had publicly banged four women implicated in the mutiny last October -when one cf the crematoriums was burnt down, but he had protested on the telephone to the commandant that it was not right 10 uo so in case some 01 tne women present fainted.

One Point in Hossler's testimony site. gested what I might have happened in the general chaos at Belsen after British troops had liberated the camp. He-was asked to identify. Number 14 in the hock, uscar schmeditz, who, he said, was a at Belsen and had been flung into the in nrhirh nntns and other members of the staff were ueiamea Schmeditz having lost his trousers apparently in a tight with other inmates, and they aave mm a pair of -trousers and a military tunic. Meanwhile the.

was changed, and when' Schmeditz attempted. to return to his block the new guard refused tn.let nim rv. then. said Hossler amid laughter, "he had been an S5: man." The Times' 'Mjujchestti Guardian' SsrWce 50,000 CHILDREN TO LEAVE BERLIN From our Special Correspondent 1 Berlin, Octobei 11. Because Berlin, will inevitably be a place Of.

discomfort' and hardship during tne coming winter it has been decided to remove 50,000 children of from four, to 14 from the British sector of the capital. They, will be taken to places in the. -British of -Germany- where living is hard and food and adequate shelter are more' abundant Ten thai- sand mothers and teachers wOl go with mem. xneir aeparture.wui lighten: the task' of adequate susten ance and shelter in the British-sector dfithe capital." v----: l. TOeTlises'A'MmjKbesterGwdteff Service Washington, October 11.

President Truman, in a report submitted to Congress to-day on the operations of -the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration during the second quarter of this year, said that victory could have real meaning only if it was speedily translated into a secure peace. That great task was just beginning. Victory in securing a lasting peace would continue to call for the combined efforts of all peoples to bind up the wounds left by the war so that solid foundations would be laid for the future. United States is making and will make its contribution for relief to tbe liberated the report stated. Where we at home have shortages and inconveniences, millions in other lands lack even the bare necessaries of life.

Life abroad in the coming winter will depend on the outside assistance which this country and other countries" can render to the liberated peoples." Only $20,000,000 (about 5,000,000) of the $800,000,000 (200.000,000) appropriated hv t.h TTnitorf sttDc. U.N.R.R.A. remained uncommitted. The more this (U.N.R.R.A.'s) task can be speeded up through the early deli- vcijr vi viia iy neeaea supplies tne sooner it will be possible for U.N.R.R.A. to withdraw, leaving the liberated nOAnTa.

rm flm t-t vi a nun luuLiiig iu tarrv on their own life," the report continued. OVER A MILLION TONS By June 30 U.N.RJt.A. hart shinnprl or provided overseas 1.220,299 long tons or supplies valued at $287,252,000 (about 71,800,000) compared with 57,000 tons in the first quarter of the year. Of this total 555.000 tons were purchased from military stocks for relief in Greece and Yugos'avia. More than half of the tonnage of supplies delivered consisted of food, prin FORMER NAZIS WILL HAVE NO VOTE Austrian Decision From our Special Correspondent Vienna, October 11.

The decision of Dr. Renner's provisional Government to exclude all former National Socialists from voting at the forthcoming elections represents a distinct victory for the Communist elements in the Government. The principal exceptions from this sweeping decision are former members of the N.S.K.K. (National Socialist Motor Corps) and N.S.F.K. (National Socialist Flying Corps), provided they were not members of the Nazi Party.

These people are exempted on the ground that enlistment in these corps was a recognised method of evading' membership of the party. The only other exemption is- in the case of people who were compelled to become party members through persecutions from State authorities. This exclusion from the electoral roll of former National Socialists will affect a very large proportion of voters in the provinces. In Styria. for instance, probably about 80 per cent -of the people entitled were inactive members 'of the Nazi party favouring the Anschluss as a means for economic betterment.

Their disfranchisement to-day will give the Communists in such towns as Graz an almost overwhelming advantage. The Times' Manchester Guardian' Service WASHINGTON MONEY CONFERENCE U.S. Treasury's Scheme- Washington, October 11. The pace of the Anglo-American finan cial talks has quickened with the dis closure from a reliable source of a United States Treasury plan for a credit to Britain of 1,250,000,000 The American plan is expected to be presented to the British delegation when tne financial committee meets again, probably next week. 'Briefly, the plan I would earmark z.uuu.uuo.uuu ol Britain's 5.000.000.000 dollars credit to oav for United States exports to the Commonwealth countries in tne next nve years.

It would be con- amonai upon a 1,625,000,000 scaling down of the 3,500,000,000 blocked sterling -balances and would be tied to the Commonwealth credits to Britain of 750,000.00 Chin their own currencies, to provide for British imports from the Empire. Britain repayment under this plan would start on December 31 at the rate of 25,000,000 yearly-for 55 years, while 125,000,000 -would added to. the capital sum for repayment, as eauiva- lent to a charge of two-fifths of 1 per cent interest. Startin at the' same date. Britain would-be required to an additional yearly repayment- of 15,000,000 of the remainder of the sterling blocked balances, Members of the British delegation to-night said "We are expecting something along "those lines it is certainly highly ingenious." They- are noncommittal about their reaction.

Reuter. Mr. Henry Howarth. -Chief Constat)! of Rochdale for 28 years. gave notice to the Watch Committee yesterday of his intention to" retire at the-end of the yeaK-rl Witti- 44, years service he; is believed -b V.tbe' longest-searing police officer in the "He was formerly, a "SINGAPORE SAKI" Allied Service Men Poisoned Singapore, October 11.

An Army officer interrupted a cinema performance here to-night to announce to the audience of troops that more deaths from wood spirit poisoning, caused by drinking "Singapore saki," were expected during the night. Today we' raided 150 places and captured enough liquor to poison the 14th Army," the officer said. Twenty Allied Service men have already died as a result of drinking the liquor, two have been blinded, and nine are still dangerously ill. Saki is Japanese rice wine," and the poison which caused the deaths has been identified as methyl alcohol, or wood spirits, oi which two tots would be sufficient to kill a man. Major Wynne Griffith, of the R.A.M.C., stated to-day.

"Bootleggers concoct the brew and add a quantity of wood spirits to give it a kick," he said. The label.on the bottle means nothing. Some are marked whisky, some brandy, and some saki. The most energetic measures are being taken to stop the sale of this stuff and to discover where it is produced." Keuter. ALL DRESSED UP More than 900 guests, representative of every section- of municipal, professional, and social life in the city, attended a "Victory Reception" given by the Lord Mayor and Lady Mayoress of Manchester (Alderman and Mrs.

W. P. Jackson) at the Town Hall last night. Although the 'invitation card stated that evening dress, uniform, or academic robes were optional, only a handful of people wore austerity dress. The large hall was newly refurbished and lavishly decorated with victory flags for the occasion music, and a concert provided for the -entertainment 'of the guests.

THE WEATHER To-day's Forecast For the 24 hours beginning 6 ajn. to-day: General Infer -nr A trough of low preuure ore? South England moving aouth. and a amaa anticyclone la dei eloping- orer the North Sea. Then; will be fairly widespread foe at first, especially In uv owKi. vwenui i.

wui dc mainly jair. aa S.R. Eaeland TJrht MrfaMik easterly winds; fog at flrtt; lair later; rather warm. E. EagbaJ and E.

aai W. WaTnas Light Tarlable oda; locaTlc at first and perhacw little light rain; fain-rather warm later. W- Walea. ul etc aa 8.W. Ireland Ijtght TartaKe or easterly winds; much foe at first; fair rather warm, W.W.

aad Hi Eataa4 MUtamds, 8.E.. 8.W., W-. ir.1f., XX- aaJ MM. Scotland. Orkney aad Skes-iMOf.

IiSa tt ukm, od K.W. sad M.E.-Irelaad ilent 'Iealt7 at fair later; warmer than ot rCiT BrlUsH Ifiea: Probably mainly xir HISS SmtA tkmm Jo-da 6 29' 5 21 ...12 57 5' 828 PJB. To-morrow 6 St- 519 134 p.m. -9 16 pjo. For ertrr ten miles north of Manchester sunset 1 earner br, IS smmrtj.

First Quarter October 14 Lamp-time for Vehicles To-day 5 51 pjn. YESTERDAY IN MANCHESTER Wauiauaist'siaS KrrarsCTociCM. OasiiitToar. TBTfrltMT, OCTOSEX 11. Weather amnrcary for past 24 noors ap to 9 pjn.

Overcast, with costitmosa 'Tain in Barometer tendency Rising. Shade teaipeiatgrea1; boa. 9 57.8; dry. IroaidltT -tpiiri iiraaa ,9 OS: hirmVllty, tear, eentage). 9 pjai.

9X. -j. 0.248; nntsfifna OJ). (24 to 5 pjn. yesterday).

Hra. IBt- Low. Rlch- Seirarb. SearbornoEb. as rail Br 50-71 Erist 6-9 50 67 Bilst 8-2 orS8 is- Sunny 6-5 Bright' -06Ji.

55 SS 55-59 Barn -62 Bain Ccdw-f-n Fine wealheriis how, fioJUing up the ploughing; in; the 2artBidiry because the around is too It was too wet -v V1m-Mith ensanea GENERAL DE GAULLE'S POLICY IN WESTERN EUROPE Purpose of His Visit to Belgium From oar own Correspondent Paris, October 11. General de Gaulle's visit to Brussels is not the occasion of important negotiations, though no doubt it will be one for valuable conversations. It is, however, the first occasion since the liberation on which the French people have seen a neighbouring nation traditonally close to them in thought and feeling pay" tribute to the value of France's friendship. The French are therefore enjoying very much, the descriptions of General de Gaulle's reception at Brussels. But the visit is more than an occasion or amiability.

It is difficult to imagine General de Gaulle having made this visit at the time when, the French 'Government was hoping for great things from Moscow. The visit belongs to the period of the General's policy which -opened with his interview on Anglo- relations and which included his tour of the, French zone in Germany and bis -emphasis on French interests in its reconstruction; vlt lis true that the idea of a France working closely with England, and her- calf of MAnw nf Trr European nations co-operating, together tne common interest, was expressed in speeches made by the General while hewaKstinph Algiers.vbut.the idea was is now very Trio tVrf Trta rvirrlt nli'Kr Yin.