The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 1

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M. BE AVE It Also at 16 THE SQUARE. ST. ANNES-ONSEA SHAVING BRUSHES No. 33,262 WEDNESDAY JUNE 3 1953 Price 3d THE CORONATION OF QUEEN ELIZABETH The Assurance of a True Monarch A YOUNG LIFE DEDICATED Acclamations and Silences in the Abbey Service fl i-ff I The 0 itccn, the Duke of Edinburgh, Prince Charles, and Princess Anne SUSTAINED BY HER PEOPLES' THOUGHTS AND PRAYERS II A Glittering Scene AFTER DARK Floodlights and Fireworks By Nesta Roberts Outside the Palace, Tuesday Night.

At 9 45 to-night the Mall, which had been like the bedraggled aftermath of a party before you have so much as emptied the ashtrays, was transformed to the glittering centre of a city of beautiful nonsense. Earlier the loud-speakers had announced that the Queen at 9 45 would operate a switch on the balcony of Buckingham Palace which would send the light rippling down thc -vhole length of the-Mall as far as Admiralty Arch and Trafalgar Square. The beams of the floodlights leaping to Nelson on his column would be the signal for the lighting up of the whole of London. But when the Queen came it was for the first half minute or so to stand herself on the lighted balcony, tir.v remote, and glittering, bowing and waving to the crowd. For that moment she seemed herself the source of brilliance to come.

She was joined by the Duke of Edinburgh and the cheers of the crowd rose and surged and broke against the walls of the Palace, falling back only to rise and break again. Then suddenly the beams of the floodlights shot up to illuminate the whole frontage of what even the most loyal subject can hardly in honesty call a comely building. And from it the movement of light ran along the arches and baubles ana coronets of the Mall and London beyond and around it sprang into brilliant light. Umbrellas Down The Queen stood still while between the cheering there was an occasional angry shout of Put down your umbrellas They came down. Wet and happy the spectators waited for some minutes after the Queen had gone inside before those who were not waiting for her second appearance began to move away.

Somebody had brought into the crowd a fat golden retriever on a lead someone else, a twelve-month-old child found asleep. in a pushcar; many were towing small children like so many fish on the ends of lines. How long will she reign daddy one heard a small l. aged perhaps -5. ask.

Years ana years," came the reply. As long as you are alive and longer, I hope." They Knew Better It was twenty minutes to eleven when the Queen next appeared. jiist ten minutes after a pater.ial B.B.C., which had beer, relaying dance music, had advised everybody to tnke themselves home safely and sleep well. The crowd knew better. It had stopped raining now.

though the wind wouid not have shamed February, and a shimmer and iridescence around the horizon suggested that the loyal beacons had been touched off. Nearer at hand the fireworks had started giant roman candles tossed their. little juggler's balls above the roofs of the stands and silver showers made even the floodlights dim. We want the Queen the crowd chanted, We want the Queen She came, shining from the balcony the Duke of Edinburgh, tall, behind her, and there was an explosion of cheering. Nobody seemed even to consider going home when they disappeared.

Snatches of "'Land of Hope and Glory alternated with the hammering rhythm of We want the Queen That persisted like Ravel's Bolero." People who had been carrying clusters of red, white, and blue balloons released them from pure exuberance. With Many Accents To listen in on the voices of the groups churning about the Palace gates and the entry to the Mall was to be struck by the variety of accents among them. Pleass," asked one of them of one of London's seraphically patient policemen ''Have you seen here a Mr Fischbaum who would meet me?" "Miss," replied the policeman, "to-day there's lots of people asking for lots of people and by the time they find them the first people have gone," which seemed to out the position perfectly. His next interlocutor was Polish. Now a Londoner by adoption, he gazed enchanted down the Mall where the fabulous beasts rode above the gold crown and crimson banners, and wondered why London could not always have these expensive lights which transformed her into "a real Paris, a little Hollywood." A stirring and shuffling in the crowd about the Victoria Memorial whose florid statuary was garlanded with spectators brought one a new neighbour, a brown face was turned up inquiringly.

A gentle Indian voice asked That building what is it Ah it is where she lives The Queen and the Duke came on to the balcony again towards 11 30 to unabated cheering. There was a sigh from the crowd as at last they turned away and went in through the french windows. "Well, I suppose we've got to go home sometime said a girl's voice. But at midnight most of them still showed little signs of doing so. Midnight Ovation Wednesday Morning.

The Queen and the Duke came out' on the balcony yet again at midnight for the sixth time. For three minutes they stood waving to the cheering throng. Queen's Thanks in In a broadcast to the CommomceaWi last night, the Queen thanked her neanles tor their lotmltu and affection. jhe full text of her speech Whcn ke a. Christas I asked you all.

whatever your religion, to pray for me on the day of my Coronation to pray that God would give me wisdom and strength to carry out the promises that 1 should then be making. Throughout this memorable day I have been uplifted and sustained by the knowledge that your thoughts and prayers were with me. I have been aware all the lime that my peoples, spread far and wide throughout every continent and ocean in the world, were united to support me in the task to which I have now been dedicated with such solemnity. Many thousands of you came to London from all parts of the Commonwealth and Empire to join in the ceremony, but I have been conscious too of the millions of others who have shared in it by mean of wireless or television in their homes. All of you, near or far.

have been united in one purpose. It is hard for me to find words in which to tell you of the strength which this knowledge has inve.n me. The ceremonies you nave to-day are ancient, and some of their origins are veiled in the mists of the past. But their spirit and their meanii." shine through the never, perhaps, more brightly than now. I have in sincerity pledged myself to your service, as so many of you are pledged to mine.

Throughout all my life and with all my heart I shall strive to be worthy of your trust. In this resolve I have my husband to support me. He shares all my ideal and all my affection for you. Then, although my experience is so short and my task so new. I have in my parents and grandparents an example which I can follow with certainty and with confidence.

BY HARRY Westminster Abbey, Tuesday. At the opening of to-day's thousand-year-old rite the Archbishop of Canterbury presented Queen Elizabeth to the people as our undoubted Queen," that is by hereditary right. Three hours later she went forth from the Abbey, amid the greatest rejoicing, a crowned and consecrated Queen. No such delight has hailed a Sovereign's Coronation before. It is easy to fall irfto hyperbole at such moments of mass emotion as this, but there is no exaggeration here.

Others of our Queens, Elizabeth I and Victoria, for example, have swayed the hearts of their people after a time, but Elizabeth II captured them from the start. She has done it not merely in virtue of her youth and grace but because she joins to these qualities the high seriousness we have come to associate with the House of Windsor. gravity was hers to-day, and perfectly attuned to the occasion. It made its subtle appeal to all hearts. It stirred the sense of a young woman set apart and dedicated and even a little lonely and greatly deserving a nation's affection and support.

Splendour and Symbolism But to the ceremony. Where could it be matched in its splendour, opulent colour, or historic symbolism What other ceremonial could have brought together a vast concourse of this kind with its admixture of foreign royalties, heads, or distinguished representatives of foreign States, our own Commonwealth Prime Ministers, rank upon rank of peers and peeresses, and the most distinguished among our commoners. The Abbey was crammed from floor to clerestory, and that includes the great stands erected to augment the accommodation. Here, indeed, was a great cloud of witnesses of the crown ing. There was, in the poet words, the majesty of numbers.

And. who that saw it can ever forget the rite, as moved with hieratic measure through its symbolic forms from the Recognition to the Crowning and the Enthronement. As the Archbishop of Canterbury has insisted, it was a consecration of the Queen as well as a crowning. The compact the Queen made with her people to govern all her territories "according to their respective laws and customs" was enfolded, as it always has been, within the frame of a religious ceremony, including the communion, wherein she was dedicated God's anointed servant. This sacramental side of the ceremony was abundantly evident in the manner in which the archbishops and bishops controlled and dominated the ceremonial.

It was also the religious motive, rather more than the secular, which provided expression for the rejoicing. It was largely found in the hymns and the Te Deum that rose now in swelling diapason, now fell to an ethereal loveliness. There were many moments, too, when the fanfares of the trumpets shook the Abbey with piercing exultations. Vivat Nor, speaking of exultation, must one overlook the jubilant Vivats of the Queen's scholars of Westminster School. Their first Vivats broke the intense silence that followed the singing of the anthem.

I was glad when they said unto me We will go into the House of the Lord, which saluted the Queen i entry and in its beauty was worthy i of a queen. The Vivats were renewed even more jubilantly after the crowning. And how the heart took an involuntary leap at the shouts of God Save Queen Elizabeth at the Recognition. Four times did it happen as the Archbishop presented the Queen to the people in the theatre." These were the first acclamations. Perhaps that is why they proved so moving.

They occurred again at the supreme moment of the crowning and again at the Homage, by which time she had become our veritable Queen, sealed under the Constitution by the Church to her destiny. But this is to anticipate the narrative. The Scene is Created We waited long hours for the coming of the Queen. There was, however, much to observe as the scene built itself up detail by detail. Peers and peeresses flowed into the transepts to redeem dull space after dull space with their scarlet and ermine.

The peers formed mass, as the soldiers say, in the south transept and the peeresses in the north, and it will be a long time before we see again so many diadems and gems shimmering on women's heads and bosoms. They were always scintillating at a hundred points in the strong light. And then there were the capacious blue mantles of the Garter Knights and the rich multi-coloured tunics of the heralds and let them not be forgotten, for they were many the scarlet or blue coats of the pages and their satin breeches and white stockings. They were there chiefly to keep charge of the coronets of peers it i it in So BOARDMAN engaged in the rite, and being boys and restless they sometimes handled the coronets as if they were hot cakes. The choir, 400 strong, had climbed in its white surplices to a high gallery looking down on the nave from the north.

The transepts were cliffs of human beings. In the north and south transepts blue-draped stands rose from the. ground to the height of the rose windows. The highest occupants of them were lost to view. At the intersection of nave and choir was the theatre already mentioned.

Within this space took place the whole ritual. It extended from the steps rising from the nave to the Altar. It was flooded from electric chandeliers with a bright, strong, even light. Occasional sunlight from the rose windows was just not able to compete with it. Nearest the choir facing towards the Altar was the Throne a regal chair of crimson and gold.

Still nearer the Altar and facing towards it was King Edward's Chair feudal, solid with the Stone of Scone below the seat and a gold base below that. Between the Throne and King Edward's Chair and to the south of the chancel was the Chair of Estate. During the ceremony the Queen was moving from one to the other of these chairs as the rite required. Glowing Canvas Throughout the ritual the theatre glowed like the canvas of a great Renaissance colourist. There was the Queen in her golden robes.

There were the Archbishops with their mitres and copes Canterbury's different from York's in colouring, but both ornate. Canterbury's cope was the more beautiful. It was of a cream shade covered with a delicate gold design. Then there was the whole bench of Bishops in scarlet and white ranged along the north side of the theatre. One thought one caught a faint ecstasy of cheers announcing the long wait was over and members of the Royal Family were approaching.

The Princess Royal was the first to enter the west door. The Duchess of Gloucester and the Duchess of Kent came quickly after her. Then arrived the Queen Mother and Princess Margaret. Each in turn, with their train-bearers, proceeded to the royal gallery, south of the chancel. The Queen Mother might have her beautiful robes, long train, and many scintillating jewels, but people remarked on her smile.

Could there be a greater compliment to a woman The infant Duke of Cornwall was taken into the royal gallery unobserved. Salutations and Silences It was at 11 15 exactly that the choir raised their voices gloriously. "I was glad when they said unto me. The words ended a long stillness. The Queen had emerged through the west door and begun her slow walk so slow up the nave, preceded first by the Duke of Edinburgh and in front of him all the clergy and notables.

Vivat Regina Elizabetha." cried the Westminster boys a number of times, and they did with a will. Their boyish hearts were in this salutation to their young yueen. And then a great silence. All through the ritual there were these intense pauses. Such profound silence remember it was being imposed on eight thousand people seemed almost to Jilt the ceremonial for the time being to higher than level.

the mundane The Beadle Leads The procession was long coming into our view. How admirable that should be led by the Beadle of the Abbey. Why should he lead on every day of his life and not at a Coronation We beheld him first followed representatives of the Free Churches, numbers of the clergy, including the Dean of Westminster. Then the Pursuivants, apparelled in celestial light almost the glowing colours of the on their coats are nearly an illumination in themselves. Lord Halifax, as Chancellor of the Order of the Garter and his Garter robes, came next.

Tall, with his parchment complexion, his page following on his heels looked small even for a page. All these figures were moving forward at slower than funeral pace. The standards of the Commonwealth countries (save, of course. India) followed, borne by presenta-tives of each. Lord the last of them, carried the Royal Standard.

He, too, was in his Garter robes. One noted how the strong light caught his temples and the bald frontal part of the head. He could spare a glance for the surrounding scene and his look was bold. Came next the four Knights of the Garter who were to hold the canopy over the Queen at her anointing. Next we glimpsed the Lord Privy Seal, Captain Crookshank, Leader of the nouse or uommons.

rie wore an elaborately gold-figured tunic, almost like a breastplate, and satin breeches. this is how the Lord Privy Seal Continued on pa ere 9 on the balcony nf Iiuckni'hatn Palace Broadcast Message There is aio this. I have behind nu-nut only the traditions and the mure than a thousand years but the living strength and majesty the Commonwealth and Empire of societies old and new, of lands and races dirleient in history and origins, but all. by God's will, united in spirit and in aim. Therefore 1 am sure that this, my Coronation, i.

not the symbol of a power and a splendour that are gone but a declaration of hopes ior tne future, and for the years I may, by God's grace and mercy, be Riven to reign and serve you as your Queen I have been speakint; of the vast reR.ons an: va: pe to A I owe mv ci.iTv. mere na sprung from our home a the of K-ial and pol.tical thought wh.ch constitutes our to the work! and through the chang.ug generations has found acceptance both and far beyond my realms. Parliamentary institutions, with their free speech and respect for the rights of minorities, and the of a broad tolerance in thought and its expression alt this we conceive to be a precious part ot our way of life and outlook. During recent centuries, this message has been sustained and invigorated by the immense contribution, in language, literature, and action, of the nations of our Commonwealth overseas. It gives expression, as I pray it always will, to living principles as to the Crown and monarchy as to its many parliaments and peoples.

I ask you now to cherish them, and practise them too then we can go forward together in peace, seeking justice and freedom for all men. As this day draws to its close. I know that my abiding memory of it will be not only the solemnity and beauty of the ceremony but the inspiration of your loyalty and ntlection. I thank vou all from a full heart. God bless vou all.

whom we respect because she is our Queen, but wr.om we love because she is herself. "'Gracious' and "noble" are words familiar to us in courtly phrases, but thev have a new ring in them because we know they are true about the gleaming figure whom Providence has brought u- and brought us in time when the present is hard and he tuturc veiled. is our dearest hope that the Queen shall be happv. and our resolve unswerving that her reign shall be as glorious as hor devoted subjects can help make it. We prav to have rulers who serve, to have nations who comfort each other, and to have peoples who thrive and prosper J'rrc from fear.

Mav Gnd grant us the.e U.S. SEES CROWNING ON TV 7 Minutes After Event New Yokk, June 2. Millions of Americans saw pictures of the actual crowning of Queen Elizabeth on their television screens only seven minutes after the event. Crowding round their sets from early morning to see and hear a combined sound and of thc ceremonies London they heard every word of the coronation oer ice. 1IUMI ICIL'VINUII JLItCII lit DL'L IU 1 1 1UU II.

nf American reporters and the British commentators described the scenes. Every SOUnd and word of the ceremonv came through distinctly and tha radioed photographs brought the scene to life. Radio conditions, difficult at first, improved as the ceremony continued and were perfect for the crowning. Router and British United Press. ON OTHER PAGES: Pictures 5,5,6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 20 A Peer's Reflections (by Lord Pakenham 21 A View from Park Lane (by James Bone) 11 A Time for Tiaras (by Naomi Mitchison) 10 Start and Finish by Gerard Fay 20 Coronation Day in the Country 3 4 111 Lilt.

ill UYV A. C. 1 UL LJ11L.J after their return from the Abbey WET BUT MAGIC MOMENTS Happy Cheerers By Norman Shrapnel East Carriage Drive, Tuesday. History, blowing its trumpets and clattering its hooves, was silent its voice drowned in the sea of cheering that washed in great waves towards 1 us a the Queen's coach rolled up East Cal.r:arf? drowned in cheerins i CJK K1c UIue- oiounea cneer ng, as the unquenchable cheerers had come near to drowned in rain. Here the day's great moment for all who had waited so long, the sight of the newly crowned Queen, did not come until mid-altcrnoon It was a still, wet.

but wonderful moment, when she smiled out happily at us from the golden State Coach, through the hint of sunshine that was now shining through the drizzle, with the Duke of Edinburgh beside her and the acclamation of all the world in her ears. If such a day could have two heroines, the other, to many in the crowd, mighi have been the Queen of Tonga, the only other reigning queen in the State procession, who joyously travelled in an open carriage it was pouring hard when she passed us among the Colonial rulers, wiping the rain from her eyes, beaming to right and to left, endearing herself to everybody. But there was only one heroine after all. and all cheers were the Queen's, or a prelude to the Queen's. Applauders All Who were they all.

these happy cheerers on this great, wet day There were little elderly women from the country, waving from their own cottage gardens (so well watered) which hey had brought to town on their, hats. There were all the Londoners often so adept at failing to draw the line between a public celebration and a private! spree not so to-day. And even the superior ones, the frowners upon emotional orgies, the ones who even a week ago were still claiming to be unmoved by it all and a week hence will be explaining it away psychologically, cheered too. They were to be distinguished from their simpler-minded neighbours by their ability to switch their attention from the scene now and then to make sure that none of the over-excitable ones were stepping on their sandwiches. And what were they cheering Queen or housewife, the majestic or thc domestic, magic or serene modesty A good slice of all six, no doubt of each, please," as they were saying in the tea buffets).

But some of the motherly sort who were so large a part of this enormous concourse made it clear from their comments that here, whatever other things she might be, was also a charming young woman taking a ride through the park on her way home from church after a wonderful but trying day. Their thoughts were not onlv with her but for her. Gay Umbrellas A wet waiting we had of it. At the moment of the Crowning, the troops lining the carriageway sprang to attention, and with the first of the guns fired to salute the Queen by the King's Troop, which is still the King's Troop, of the Royal Horse Artillery the rain came pelting down. It joined the fog rolling across the park from the smoke of the guns.

It drenched the crowds throughout the rest of the Abbey ceremony which they were having broadcast to them as they huddled beneath their umbrellas some of them blue and white, some red and white. Coronation umbrellas could such things be If so, they must have been the last word in provident celebration, and certainly they had a busy day. Yet with all this, so far as the eye could see over the crowds, a miserable face in Hyde Park was as rare as a republican. And that most loyal and moving (Continued on page 20) PRIME MINISTER'S BROADCAST LITTLE VISIBLE TO PILOTS Fly-Past in Gale By Mark Arnold-Forster London, Tuesday. In rain and a gale of squadrons of R.A.F.

evening twelve Meteors and two of Royal Canadian Air Force Sabrejets flew their first intrepid salute since her Coronation to Queen Elizabeth II. Seven wings of two squadrons each flew at intervals of thirty seconds through the dark, wet cleft which separated London from the cloud base. The original plan, to send 168 aircraft across the Mall in what the Air Ministry described as a compact mass," had to be abandoned because of rain and the roughness of the air. Even so it was by no means easy to maintain the smaller formations that were used to-night. At 345 m.p.h.

the rain on a Meteor's windscreen can make life very awkward for a pilot, especially if his assigned position is 10 feet behind and beneath his leader's tail. Seen from such a position. Coronation London must have been a sad. dark, confused vision. The Queen's pilots who flew for her this evening cannot have seen much more of her capital than the drivers of the Underground trains.

Even a passenger could distinguish very little besides the river Thames, the Houses of Parliament, and the wet and glistening lines of the wider streets. Though I had more time to look around than the pilot I cannot truth-fullv say that I could distinguish the Queen standing on her balcony. It was all I could do to distinguish Buckingham Palace from St George's Hospital. The clouds that covered London seemed to be even heavier, darker, and lower than those that covered Kent and Essex. Landmarks Only once, in more than two hundred miles of flying, did my pilot or I see the Royal Canadian Air Force wing which was flying half a minute's worth of the fourth dimension ahead of our leader's nose.

There was not much else, either, that could be recognised in the air or on the ground. The big rivers, course, could be identified and so could London. For the rest, the countryside, when visible, was a sodden green carpet 1.100 feet below. It was only at the turning points that the country took on some kind of coherent and familiar form. Dungeness Lighthouse, at which we pointed our starboard wings, was the first such landmark.

The next was Bexhill railway station and the last was Biggin Hill airfield. After that, town and country merged into a swiftly moving band of green and black. Resigned Waiting: No 11 Group Fighter Command was in direct control of all the aircraft used to-day. and its commander. Air Vice-Marshal Lord Bandon, had to decide whether to modify his plans or cancel them.

His pilots. 168 of them, spent most of Coronation Day waiting, with the resignation of those whose lives are ruled by the elements, for the weather to turn good, bad, or indifferent. In the end it turned rather worse than indifferent. At 3 p.m. the television in the mess-rooms showed them the royal procession leaving Westminster Abbey in what seemed to be a cloudburst.

At 3 45 the news arrived that the royal procession would be late as well as wet and the time for the fly-past was hypothetically postponed from 5 15 until 5 40 and then until 5 45. At seven minutes past five the fifth wing started its engines and was airborne within minutes. Taking off through clouds of spray and into a rainstorm the Meteors headed for Ipswich. Canterbury, Dungeness lighthouse. Bexhill.

Buckingham Palace, and their aerodromes. By half-past six the pilots were home again. Sir Winston Churchill, introducing the Queen in last night's broadcast, said We have had a day which the oldest are proud to have lived to and the youngest will remember all their lives It is my duty, and my honour, to lead you to its culmination. You have heard the Prime Ministers ol the Empire Commonwealth pay their ir.ovir.g tributes on behalt of the lamous States and race for whom thev speak The splendours of this Second of June glow in our minds. Now.

as I night falls, you will hear the voice of the Sovereign herself, crowned in our historv and enthroned for ever in our hearts. Let it not be thought that the age of chivalry oelongs to the past Here at the summit of our world-wide community is the lady 1 CORONATION CHAIN OF BONFIRES Blazing Across Britain As darkness fell last night beacons blazed on the hilltops and plains of Britain, and in towns and hamlets from Land's End to the most northern parts of i Scotland, in celebration of the Corona- tion. The chain of beacons was built by Boy Scouts and burnt simultaneously Scout llrd AowenPH Thn Sn i' 3 I Jne Hyde Park beacon, a stone f. VT.r i ijum is in mm varnace unve along which the Queen drove earlier in I 1, eneereel and sang songs as it cast its warm glow across the rain-soaked park, slacne enough to allow the lighting of the beacon lire on toD of Eccles Pike, but then the clouds heavv with it. drew round the hills again and shrouded the blaze.

A dozen Bov Scouts from the Chapel-en-le-Frith and Whaley Bridge troops toiled up to the top of the peak and with match after match, paraflin. and a great deal of patience coaxed the windswept pile of old car tyres into flame. Bending their backs against the wind they ranged the surrounding hills with their eyes for signs of answering fires but the same heavy clouds that dampened theirs must have obscured the others. A few villagers tramped the stony oad to the summit of the pike, but the lashing rain and the driving wind soon drove them down again towards the bright warm lights that shone in the villages of the valley. the street surrounding Marole Arch.

li was lit drizzling rain but the crowd i immcdiately transmitted bv television v-l- ti,.