The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 8

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, WEDNESDAY, MAY 23. 1945 LEND-LEASE ADJUSTMENTS TO AID VICTORY OVER JAPAN Canards Against Britain Refuted VS'S "'O ri-- WVpW 8 Two-thirds of the armoured divisions W-- -It STOP-PRESS NEWS MOSCOW TIME IN BERLIN Russian-controlled Berlin radio told the people of Berlin that clocks must be advanced by one hour last night, thus bringing Berlin time into line with that in Moscow OKINAWA CITY TAKEN The American Seventh Infantry Division entered the undefended city of Yonabaru, in Southern Okinawa, on Tuesday, and advanced 1,000 yards beyond the city, Admiral Chester Nimitz's communique states to-day. Rains and mud limited the operations in the central and western sectors, where the Americans are threatening the major Okinawa cities of Shuri and Naha. There was an Arab, general strike in Palestine yesterday "in sympathy with the Syrians and the Lebanese." Washington, May 22. President Truman, in a Message to Congress accompanying the nineteenth lend-lease report, to-day said "The Japanese must toe taught that the peace and security of the world are sacred and not to be broken by any aggressor He.

indicated how this lesson would be taught. "Our military strategy against Japan," said the Message, "is to step up our combined offensives without delay and to strike repeated and increasingly powerful blows until final victory." President Truman added While the bulk of the United Nations forces were engaging the Nazis in Europe, Allied forces succeeded in piercing the perimeter of Japanese defences and established the bases from which decisive offensives can be launched. Now all the might and power of the United States, the British Empire, France, the Netherlands, and our other allies can be brought to bear, together with the Chinese forces, against Japan. Long and costly as the struggle ahead may be, it has been immeasurably shortened by the system of lend-lease and reverse lend-lease. Adjustments and reduction in Allied war production and in the lend-lease programme be possible even as we and our allies throw augmented forces into the decisive offensives against the Japanese.

The task of reconversion and reconstruction is commencing. At the same time lend-lease and reverse lend-lease must continue as a military necessity on the scale required to build the overwhelming power which alone can save American and Allied lives and bring an early and complete end to this terrible war. "A TREMENDOUS TASK In the report the President wrote: "The unconditional defeat of a nation of 70,000,000 people, strongly entrenched in Asia after seven years of aggression, whose soldiers die vainly in battle rather than surrender, will be a tremendous task that will require every ounce of power that we and our allies can deliver from the bases we are now winning and have yet to win." The President disclosed that up to March 31, 1945, Britain had received $12,795,000,000 (3,194,000,000) of lend-lease supplies. Up to January 1, 1945, ritani had spent $3,352,000,000 (.838,000,000) on supplies and services to tne United States as reverse lend-lease and another $2,000,000,000 (500.000,000) of aid to other aK including the U.S.S.R. and China.

Stating that United States lend-lease supplies to the Allies tntallr-ri $38,971,797,000 thf President gave details of supplies to Britain. Britain received 9,500 'planes and munitions worth $6,430,000,000 (1.607.500.000). WHAT THE HUfUTT? (By arrangement with the "Evening A CITY OF WOMEN The Fraternisation Problem From our Special Correspondent Weimar (Thuringia), Mat 21. Weimar, the Thuringian capital, was one of the reception centres for refugees from the heavily bombed industrial towns of Germany, and this influx of refugees has combined, with the draining away of man-power for the German Ariny, to produce a fantastically unbalanced population structure. Before the war Weimar had a population of 75,000 people.

To-day only 2,600 able-bodied males between the ages of 15 and 55 can be found there. This has created an appallingly difficult labour problem and has also social implications of considerable concern (to the occupation forces. Weimar has not been as badly damaged by war as have the devastated cities of the Rhineland. but there was still a good deal of destruction. The wreckage from bombed buildings has been cleared to the roadside to enable traffic to use the streets, but there the rubble lies, smelling as unpleasantly as any other haphazard rubbish dump, and there it will continue to lie until labour can be found to clear it away Major W.

M. Brown, the American officer commanding Military Government in Weimar, told me that he has the utmost difficulty in getting the city 3 most essential services carried out with the meagre labour force available. Although there are some 2.600 youths and men registered by Military Government in Weimar as available labour, nothing like the whole of even this small labour force can be put to work on general tasks about the city. The Allied army has first call on German man-power and approximately one-third of the men in Weimar are required every day to work for the Army in various capacities. This leaves fewer than 2,000 men available, and, of course, they are utterly inadequate for all that needs to be done.

LABOUR FOR FARMS In addition to the demands for labour in the city, there is an urgent call for labour on the near-by farms. To help to meet this need the Military Government in Weimar has recently issued an order that women must register for agricultural work. Women with young children are exempt, but it is planned to send as many other women as possible to work in the fields. Little difficulty is expected in ensuring that women comply with this order, for the simple reason that unless Germans do the, work to which they are directed they are unable to obtain food cards. The problem presented to the Allied military authorities in having to occupy towns with an enormous preponderance of women, many of whom have been separated from their menfolk for years, is obviously extremely difficult.

Strict enforcement of the "non-fraternisation" order deprives Allied troops in Germany of all chance, except when they can get leave, of even an hour or two away from the day-by-day routine of army life. The occupation of Germany is going to require welfare work and army entertainments of imagination and very skilled direction and on an exceedingly large scale. HAMBURG'S DIVIDED BEACHES With the British in Germany, May 22. Hamburg girls are smiling again and now throng the bathing and yachting beaches of the city's popular lake, the "Aussen Alster," in summer frocks and bathing dresses. Faced with the biggest human problem yet encountered by the occupying British forces, who are rigidly enforcing the non-fraternisation principle, Major in Field Marshal Montgomery's 21st Army Group, together with several armoured brigades, were equipped entirely with lend-lease tanks.

Britain also received S3.185.000.000 (796.250.000) worth of food and other agricultural products. Ten per cent of Britain lood in 1944 was from the United States. BRITAIN'S PART IN VICTORY Of the $5,000,000,000 (1,250,000,000) of reverse lend-lease Britain supplied $3,352,000,000 (838,000,000) worth. Fifty-four per cent of the supplies and services for the great campaign which led to the defeat of Germany were supplied by Britain. Britain made available for United States use 108 hospitals, 28 hospital trains, two hospital ships, four hospital carriers, and $26,000,000 (6,500,000) worth of medical supplies.

The President said Russia had received 2.1 f5 (inn nmrth nf InriH. lease supplies. Lend-lease agreements witn France, Belgium, and Holland would be continued as long as needed to support military activities. President Truman corrected incorrect and exaggerated reports in the United States, notably one that Britain had used lend-lease supplies to the benefit of her export trade. The United States Controlled trie- nnsfJWar n.rvilitv rt 71 lend-lease materials, he said.

The allegation that Britain had removed the United States labels from lend-lease guoas ana suDStitutea her own was without justification. Thf stfirV that Tlritain had nhar-ttaA high rentals for airfields was untrue. The British had built more than a hundred airfields at a cost to themselves 01 dollars (110,000,000) and had turned them over as reverse lend-lease. Tf vtran alcr. unti-ttn 4K 4-Vm had "bought" aviation octroi at 25 cents a gallon and resold it at 55 cents a gallon.

All petrol went into a common pool and both the R.A.F. and U.S.A.A.F. drew from it. FICTION ABOUT HOUSES President Truman's report denounced as fiction what it said were rumours of the United States sending Britain as lend-lease several hundred thousands of prefabricated houses, consuming a substantial portion of American lumber. Actually, the report said, two-thirds of 1 per cent of the national lumber supply was being used to provide 30,000 temporary emergency houses for war workers in England.

Another "fiction" cited was a rumour that Britain was not getting any meat from Canada because she could get it the United States. The report said that Canada shipped Britain one-third of her total meat production. Reuter and Associated Press. REFUGEE PROBLEM IN ITALY Transport Shortage From our Special Correspondent Rome, May 22. The Allied authorities are grappling with a new problem that of succouring and transporting to their homes the streams of Italians, men, women, and children, who are already beginning to pour into the country across the frontiers, chiefly from Germany.

Some six thousand refugees are reported to have entered through the Brenner Pass in one day alone. It is expected that at least one million persons will have to be dealt with, and -raim-u commission has established about forty camps in norLh" In addition, about one hun- Uicu Liiousana Italians wno have to leave their homes will have to be moved from the north to the south and vice versa. ne handicap in the immense task is the shortage of railway transport, since the railways are already handling heavy military demands, emergency deliveries Of fnnri arA ini3.tc.f--;-,. i T. 'uuujuioi i.uai tu Lilt: north, and the transport of German iiiisuiiers oi war.

At one frontier village thirty thousand persons were found to have assembled, and an AJM.G. officer. Red Cross officials, and shepherd them into trucks for their iiuiiicwdiu journey. ine majority of those returning were conscripted for forced labour in Germany. Intricate problems are cropping up, as, for instance, where Polish.

Austrian, and Russian women arrive and assert they were brought into Italy by German soldiers. The Tunes' 'Manchester Guardian' Service R.A.F. PILOTS VISIT COPENHAGEN New View of Gestapo H.Q. From oar Special Correspondent Copenhagen, May 22. Air Vice-Marshal Basil Embry, Group Captain Baleson, Squadron Leader Clarke.

Squadron Leader Sismore, and wing Commander Iredale are getting a most hearty welcome during their few days' visit to Copenhagen. Those were the airmen who carried out the daring pin-point attacks on the Gestapo headquarters in Copenhagen, liberating a number of prominent freedom fighters XLlh nfiw Iron? ac hnefofue Un of the headquarters to protect them suiui mi utiacK5. une 01 inose liberated was the leader of the Freedom Council, now a member of the Government. Professor Mogens Fog, who welcomed the liberators at Kastrup Aerodrome enthusiastically. Manchester Gurdiu' Service A STATEMENT REPUDIATED The following statement was issued at S.H.AE.F.

last night It was authoritatively stated at 21st Army Group to-day that a statement attributed in certain newspapers on May 21 to a Second Army Military Government officer on the question of the centralisation or decentralisation of the government of Germany and of the future of Berlin, and of the extent of the British zone boundaries, is entirely unofficial and has no authoritative background. Colonel B. K. Thomas, a British Military Government official, stated at British Second Army Headquarters on Sunday that the government of Germany was to be decentralised. He also indicated the boundaries of the British zone of occupation.

Reuter. Faced with the difficulty of recovering a quantity of stolen tiles because the defendant had cemented them down to form a hearth in the kitchen at his home, the Salford magistrates vesterdav decided to let the man keep them on nayment of the cost to the owner, nlus a fine of 4 for the theft BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS Is. Gd. per line. Minimum two Unci.

All such announcements muit ta authenticated bj the nune and iddreu oJ tbe sender, and la the cue ot Enngementt toy tag Unabins Mth partta. FosUce stamps or postal orders mar lie seat In payment. BIRTHS CHADWICK. On Saturday. Mai Qrappenhalt Uatemlty Home.

ARNOLD CHADWICK. a son. 15. York Drive, QrappannaU. 19, 1945, at to BONA and GIBBON.

On Mar 20. 1945. at Newlrn. Unlzv Road. Somerset, to Somerset, to JUDITH (nee Louth).

sue ox reccy mncer w. a uuwun. k.n., a son. HORROCKS. On May 18.

to Dr. and Mr. SIDNEY HORROCKS. ot Chesterneld (formerly Soutnport). a brother ior John.

INGHAM. On May 17. 1945. at Truro. Cornwall.

to Wins Commander and Mrs. B. INGHAM, a dauibter. JACKSON. On May 18.

1945. at 93. Broomhcil Road, to Mr. and Mrs. OtO.

W. JACKSON (formerly Annie H. Watnwrltht), a son (John Allan). brother lor Ruth and Muriel. LEVENE.

On May 22. at Kedcllfle Maternity Home. Preitvlch, to PHYLLIS. Wile ot ISIDOR (Bunny) LEVENE, a son. 59.

Aiecrolt Road East, Prestvlch. MARTIN. On Friday. May 18. 1945.

at Town leva Hospital, Bolton, to NORA (nee TcnnUnton). vtle ot Dr. THOMAS YOUNO MARTIN, a son. MEEK. On May 18.

at Asbton-on-Mersey Nurilnc Home, to Dr. and Mrs. JOHN M. MEEK (former! Marjorie Inileby), a daoihter. IHRIGLSV.

On May 21. at Stirling House. Beaton Moor, to EDITH (nee Clarke), wife oi STANLEY SHBIOLEY. a daughter. COMING OF AGE CRVER.

Mrs. ELSIE ORYER has pleasure in announcing the coming of age on May 23 of her son. NEVILLE BARKER (Officer Cadet. Infantry O.TjS.. India), son of the late Edwin Crjer Ferndale.

Rushford Atenue. Leenshulme. ENGAGEMENTS HUDSON REU. The engagement la announced between Lieut. H.

O. HUDSON, R.A., son ol Mr. and Mrs. R. Hudson ot HeathSeld.

Worsley. and LOUISE, daughter of the late Mr. A. V. REIS and ot Mrs.

Rels, Edinburgh. ROBERTS HULBIRT. Mr. and Mrs. T.

HCLBEHT. 103. Harboro' Road West. Sale, announce the engagement ot their daughter. FAX (WJJI.I, to J.

KENNETH ROBERTS 1st elder son of Mr. and Mrs. Roberta. Barewooa. Brooklands Road.

Baguley. POMFRET BATTERLEV. The engagement la announced between JAMES, eldest son of Mr. and Mrs. A.

FOMFRXT, 22. St, Barnabas Street. Blackburn, and MARGARET, elder daughter ot Mr. and Mrs. O.

F. w. BATTER LEY. 53. Vaughan Road.

Cborltoa-cum-Herdy. Manchester. 8ILSTON-PRUBURV CLIKBV. The engagement Is announced between CECIL R.N.V.R.), only son ot the late Mr. and Mrs.

H. 8EL8TON-FRESBDRY, ot Drayton. Hampshire, and JOAN DORSUM (W.RJJ.B.). daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

T. H. CL1XBY, 7, Oskfleld, Prestwlch, Manchester. MARRIAGES DIN BY- TUMI. On Wednesday.

May 9. at St PETER, younger son ot Mr. and Mrs. Frank DENBY. Heaton Mersey, to MARY, only dsugnter ot the late Mr.

corse Martin and Mrs. Martin. St. Albans. Hertfordshire.

EILER WILSON. On May 22. 1945. at Altrlncham, ROBERT E8LER. County Mayo, to ENID L.

WILSON, daughter of the lata Mr. L. E. Wilson and Mrs. Wilson, of Hale WILLIAMS WKITTINQTON.

On May 17, 1945. at LlandriUo-yn-Rhos Parish Church. Captain D. J. WILLIAMS, R.A..

younger son of Mr. and Mrs. Smith Williams, of Abbey Road, Rhos-on-Sea. to JOAN X. WHITTINOTON.

younger daughter ot a- Whlttlngton. of Manchester, and Mrs. Whlttlngton. of Beauregard. Oinerth Road.

Oolwyn Bay. BUMUOQUl ivtwa, DEATHS AIM 'WORTH. Oa May 21 at Victoria Hospital, Iff reul' of an accident, CHARLOTTE EMMA, widow ot F. D. ASHWORTH, of Chorlton.

aged 79 years. Interment at the Southern Cemetery on Thursday at lo 45 a.m inquiries lo Bramball 1216. CHALONER. On May 22. at bis residence, Sendi.

Boad- Chapel-en-le-Fritti. JOHN engineer. In his 81st year. Interment at Chapel-en-le-Frlth Parish Church on Friday at 11 ara. Inquiries to Tym Robinson, undertakers.

Chspel-en-Ie-Frlth. Tel. Chspel 192 Windsor Aienue. Beston Moor. DOROTHY, dearly loved daughter of Annie fd tfcel1 George L.

DREW. Senrlce at the Stockport Crematorium this day (Wednesday) st to S.mBal!. tTSea! "2131. m0Urn'aE rLS550PT- 90. 21.

at 21. Hempshaw Lane. Stockport. WILLIAM FLITOROFT (Dairyman ta 84 years. Interment st the Stockport Borough Cemetery this day (Wednesday) at 2 459i iSasTSe.

rer0n2.2?' 53L Rawllnson Road, Soutn-K. JSgS- LOUIS, son of Mr. and Kl POX. Funeral from Barnes. Mlddleton Road.

Manchester 8. this day (Wednesday) at tweUe noon. Inquiries to CHE. 1249 Hlllc. wooded PadiBnunhall.

MAUD AUGUSTA MATILDA 5557H HLh" 85tt yr. service it the 55S5Eort Oremstorlttm On Thursday at one-thirty iSSSon.iTeoss. Vas" atOTt S1- J1 hl mother's residence. AH. Ooudray Road.

South port. EDWIN, son ot the late Interment it St. John Churchyard. Pendlebury. on Friday.

Mty 25 at 1 30 pjn. Inquiries TeL South port 53305-0. ,21 at' his residence. Heathneia. JAMES, the clearly loved Si1" Jane KAY, his 94th no flowers and no mourning, by specui "faest.

Service st Chapel Street Church. Blacr-SiS 11 30 a.m. prior to 5 alders tone, inquiries to Butler, aranvllle Road. Blackburn. Tel.

7313 7, 2- EDWARD ERNEST, ot Rom! ley. beloved hiubd of Mabel LAWRENCE and dear father ol iJ W5fiS- nd soonda. Man, wltn TSSv AS? Bron. Ltd. All inquiries ro Manchester Brown- LW- OldhsnT Street.

Osborne Koio, St. Annes-on-Sea, ALFRED H. B. McCAPPIN, loved fiESE0.1? F.1""1 Mccapptai. ta ThU77tb ye.r ft- Annes Congregational Church on ZTSSI- 2A- 1 15 ta, prior to cremation at Carleton.

7l Jiy 6. at Vancouver. B.C the Rev Minuter of Oxford Rosrt united Methodist Church. "'SSCS1 Stepping HU1 Hospital. Stockport, DAVID JOBS, aged fifteen days, tha ot Mr.

and Mrs J. Kormsn MELD, neaion Moor. 20. at Appieton. near Warrington, KATE, widow ot A.

SHARRATT, 16. Matudeth Road. Heaton Mersey. Funeral at tha Manchester Crematorium on Thursday May 24. at twelve noon.

No flowers, please. Sunday, May 20. PETER GEOROH. the darling son of Eileen and Oeorge SLATErt. seven weeks.

Interment at the Southern conetery this day (Wednesday) at 10 45 am. 13. Tbelwall Avenue, FallowSeid. I8- 1945. at 59.

Albert Roid. SmUhport. THOMAS FRANK. M.D., U.B.Z.. In his th year.

Funeral at Tlmperley Parlsb Church this day (Wednesday) at 11 SO ajn JEW A KT. On May 22, at flellerlve. Ellejmer- Park, Eectes. MARTHA ELIZABETH, beloved wife ot the late Tom STEWART (late of feUntwrxh and Feacnetoa). Service st Zcdee Parlsb Church on Friday at 11 15 ajn.

interment at Brooklands cemetery, at twelve noon. Inquiries to Coop ana Sons. Ltd. TeL PEN. 1487.

WHITEHEAD. On Sisy IS. suddenly, at Llanaudno, SOROS PSRCX WHITEHEAD. AJt LJt.AJs'.. L.T.C.L..

the dearly loved youngest son of the lata Matthew and Elizabeth Whitehead. ct Roe-wen. 202, Klngsway, Gatley. Service and buernsent at St. Paul's Church.

Kersal. this day (Wednesday) at 2 30 pjn. Wo Sowers, by request. Inquiries to Lalthwalte Bros. Tel PEN.

1414. WILtOH--On May 20. 1945. dear little SALLY, liifant darsihter of Lieut. OoL' and Mrs.

o. WTLSOX, of The Dingle. Mottram-SL-Andrew. Funeral BJTaagetnents later. On Active Service POLLARD.

On May 18. as as result ot a Dying trua ettxsn evAxsot qarang mi sar. ana ears. a. cviawuul Road, dgeley.

Stockport, tn his 21st jcr. jtst arena aa astra. Funeral ct tha suenort Crtaatorlma this day (Wednesday) at if 30 pjn. Inquiries to 1. H.

-Adams snd Sons. Castle Btrset. Stocknort. TeL STOcknort meyAJtp in May, as a result or a flying accident dearly oved son of Mr. ana P-Hlcfcard.

of Barporbtj. Manchester 9. cherished fanstand of Marjorie and lather oi phrtstopher Ronald HKeL Funeral arrangement later. A very caTJsnt gentleman. BJATIJ 1 pjl MKT-wishes ta thank an relatives fnMaam iot expreewiwi or sympathy- and floral gttjtes reetfveeTcfoina; her sad loaaTalso Heskjth and Son for their services.

157. Skerton Sand. Old TraOord. IN MEMORWM uiuiNsra Alderman May 23. 1936.

Printed and asrKiiic k- vrrrnr nrmrraTT cTTT fortbe OOaRPIAH aijsVsfUfvU-TvjrwA' At tha UsWChcsUr 12 BRITISH CONVOY IN SKAGERRAK End of Baltic Blockade From our Correspondent Stockholm, May 22. A British convoy totalling 42 ships is to-day proceeding southwards along the Swedish coast towards Copen hagen. The convoy, which consists of eleven gunboats, two big troop landing ships, three oil tankers and numerous mine sweepers, is the first to penetrate the extensive German minefields in the Skagerrak. which during the last five years has been closed waters between Norway and Denmark to Allied shipr ping. Two cruisers and four destroyers went the same wav as earlv as two weeks ago.

but to-day's convoy signifies that the blockade of the Baltic is definitely broken. The ships arrived in Swedish waters north of Gothenburg 1 v. i 1 1 xasi. uigjn, uui ana 10 wan Liu aawii before Swedish pilots dared to take them through the minefields in Swedish territorial waters which have not yet been fully swept. It is expected to take years before all mine danger has been removed as many of the magnetic mines are so arranged that they do not explode until twenty or thirty ships have passed over.

MIDGET U-BOATS One Sunk by Unarmed Aircraft In the combined attack on the midget U-boats, R.A.F. Coastal Command aircraft attacked 78, of which they sank or probably sank 18, claimed 17 as possibly sunk, and could not observe results in 43 other attacks. Many aircraft of No. 16 Group, Coastal Command, with naval forces patrolled areas off our east coast, and the occupied Dutch coast, where the midgets were likely to operate. The first was sighted in January, but large-scale ooerations did not begin until March.

Mosquitoes with six-pounder cannon, ana i.eigtt-l.ignt Wellingtons lor night patrols, were a------ the aircraft used against them. On two calm days in April, 17 attacks were made and eight midget submarines sunk or probably sunk. Once an un armed Anson aircraft registered a kill." 11 maae a dummy attack that caused tne submarine's crew to abandon their boat, which sank. The Germans also operated explosive, radio-controlled motor boats, known as Linsen." One of these was sighted by an Air-Sea Rescue Walrus, abandoned. A survivor was seen in the sea, and the Walrus alighted, rescued him.

and took off. without realising the danger of the motor boat. Following aircraft recognised 't a a "Linsen," and blew it up. AUSTRALIAN BUTTER "Costing British Taxpayer Threepence a Pound From our Special Correspondent Sydney. May 22.

Mr. Bankes Amery, chairman of the British Food Commission, addressing the annual conference of the New South Wales division of -the Institute of Factory Managers and Secretaries, said that Britain is buying butter from the Australian producer at the equivalent of Is. lid. a pound, and that it was being retailed in Britain at is. 8d.

Therefore the taxpayer was paying threepence a pound. Britain could 'not continue that indefinitely. Somehow Australia must find ways of increasing the yearly milk, yield per cow and must do something drastic and effective to reduce the cost of butter production. The Times St 'Manchester Guardian' Sendee ARMS DESTROYED IN CRETE Not to Go to Greeks From our Special Correspondent Athens, May 18 (Delayed). Archbishop Damaskinos, the Regent, paid a visit to Crete yesterday, arriving at Heraklion in the Greek cruiser Averoff.

He did not go to Canea because the German withdrawal has not yet been completed. The perimeter has been drawn in considerably bur the city is full of armed Germans. To-day Pnd the previous two nave been filled with ths sound of bursting and mines as the Germans destroy their huge mass of ammunition. It has been decided rot to hand over to the Greek Government the German arms and ammunition, and so the great quantities held by the Germans will te destroyed. As the time for entry into the prisoner-of-war cages approaches German moral is dropping and the troops are selling their equipment to the islanders.

TI.rTinW.t 'Manchester Guardian' Serrl-r FRANCE'S MORAL HEALTH M. Blum Disappointed From our own Correspondent Paris. May 22. M. Leon Blum, addressing as the acknowledged party leader a conference of federal secretaries of the Socialist party, yesterday reaffirmed his belief in the main tenets of the party creed both in home and on loreign policy, and expressed his joy at finding the party stronger and more vigorous than before tne deteat.

After paying a tribute to the Resistance movement as a revivifying factor in French life, he expressed his anxieties about the present moral condition of France. He said: I confess that sincp I reached France eight days ago I have been disillusioned and worried regarding the moral wellbeing of this country. I did not find what I expected. I expected it would have been cleansed and tempered, but in manv respects I have the impression of finding myself in a country that has been corrupted. France does not seem yet to have returned to a normal existence.

None of the essential services of the country seems to have returned to normal. The country seems to be in a state of weary, nonchalant, and lazy convalescence which is susceptible 10 an Kinas or germs, we must ngtit witn all our strength against this state of affairs. We desire greatness for our country, but this greatness must be found first of all in internal unity and an effort to achieve social justice. HONOUR RETURNED TO M. HERRIOT Paris, May 22.

General de Gaulle to-day received M. Herriot, Mayor of Lyons and three times Premier of France, who is on his first visit to Paris since his liberation from the Germans. At the end of their long talk General de Gaulle returned to M. Herriot the Cross of the Legion of Honour which M. Herriot triad given Dacjs 10 marsnai as a protest in August, 1942.

On leaving M. Herriot said, "Before wearing the cross again I waited until General de Gaulle told me I was worthy of it." M. Herriot plans to leave shortly for j-iyons 10 xaite up nis outies as mayor. Reuter. HUNGARY'S PROBLEMS Loss of Farm Stock and Industrial Plants From our Special Correspondent Moscow, May 22.

A grave picture of contemporary Hungary is provided by trustworthy travellers from that country. They report a 90 per cent loss of its cattle and horses in the rich agricultural territory east of the Danube where virtually no autumn sowing and considerably less than the average spring sowing was carried out. Many of Budapest's skilled workers are faced with permanent unemnlnv- ment as a result of the dismantling of industrial plants. Local government is being conducted by national committees whose activities are frequently uncoordinated with central policy. As a result of excessive zeal on the part of some of these authorities progressive causes which most Hungarians were ready to support suffered something of a seiDacK.

These travellers described the Soviet authorities' attitude as implacably correct, there being no apparent interference in local affairs, and they speak highly of the discipline and moderation of Hungarian Communists, who are working hard for a united front. The Red Army, they say, was received and continues to be regarded as liberators, and anti-German feeling is taking the. form of a desire to see the country rid of all persons of German stock, nhn. it is iim-uLiiu-ra, nave always oeen responsioie -or extremes in Hungarian policy. 1 The Times? 'Manchester Guardian' Service NO FRENCH WAGES INCREASES Cabinet Changes Urged Paris, May 22.

A French Cabinet to-night refused categorically to authorise any further rises in wages or prices, thereby risking a clash With the whole nf nnmnicw. labour. The decision taken after tha wagesi aDiaei meeting on record, lasting over four and a half hours came at the end of weeks st intensive parleys between the leaders cf the French T.U.C. and the Finance and Labour Ministers. The National Resistance Council to-night asked that the Government of the Republic should be reformed, having regard to the will of the nation exnressed by universal suffrage.

Reuter. Nominations for the general election in Northern Ireland will talro nlas-o nn Monday. June 4. and polling on Thursday. June 14.

The present Parliament will be dissolved on Mav 25 Mr. a. H. MulhoHand has intimated that for health and business reasons he intends t.i rocjan the Sneakershin. ON Frontier Questions From our own Correspondent Paris.

May 22. Responsible French opinion is still awaiting a perfectly clear statement about French policy on Franco-Italian frontier questions. The latest statement offered by the French officer in command in the Val d'Aosta (on the Italian side, is that he has brought the troops there so that they need not continue to occupy chilly positions on the divide. It is certain that France proposes to ask for a number of small adjustments, mainly in the southern half of the frontier, where the slopes on the French side of the mountains were left in Italian hands in 1860 because tney lormed part of the royal hunting ground of the House of Savov. Shortly before the war the Italian Government forced several French communes to give up their pasturing rights on the Italian side of the frontier.

Such adjustments need cause no pain to Italian national sentiments. The existence of these claims, how. ever, has naturally intensified suspicion aoout iirencn actions in the Val d'Aosta. especially as no published statements have categorically excluded all territorial claims in this area. It is probable that no such claims were intended by the Foreign Ministry before the French troops entered that area, and it is to be hoped that the repercussions of this French action will prove sufficient deterrent to prevent them from being pushed.

The Socialist "Populaire" to-day compares such claims to those made by Mussolini's Italy to Corsica and Nice. In certain quarters propaganda suggesting that the inhabitants wish to be incorporated in France has been noticeable some time in the French press, though not yet on a big scale. The incident is symptomatic of the lack of a clear French foreign policy whose implications are understood by all the civil and military authorities concerned. The fact that the whole affair has been linked in the French press with the non-representation of France at the surrender of the German forces in Italy shows that French sensitiveness on such questions stiE easily leads to acts incompatible with the declared long-term French policy, in this case the desirability of the restoration of good Franco-Italian relations on which General de Gaulle has clearly declared himself more than once. 'ITALY MUST PAY FOR ALL SHE DID" Tito's Declaration Marshal Tito in a sneech at Zairreh laid emphasis on the brotherhood and uuny 01 me peoples 01 Yugoslavia, according to extracts from his snferh given yesterday by Yugoslav radio.

inor accoramg to Tamug. the Yugoslav npWG aff-nnv nurttarl ta. 1 -1 IA CL. declared This affair will certainly be solved. We shall come to an agreement with the Allies, but we will firmly defend our rights.

Till yesterday the Italians uuniea ana ravaged uaimatia. Bosnia, and Lika. They plundered our t-i-ri tnrip. -i- lWllu4 -r .1 UL II1UU. sands of our finest sons, ahd now Italy -s appearing wun cenain aspirations with regard to us.

We do not accord her the right of an ally we demand Davment for all she did to us." "BRITISH 'PLANES ATTACK SAKISHIMAS" British carrier-based 'planes on Monday again attacked the Sakishima Islands, north of Formosa, the Japanese News Agency reported yesterday. The raid, so far not announced by the Allies, was the fourth by Vice-Admiral Sir Henry Rawlings's aircraft on the Sakishimas in less than two weeks, Reuter adds. Japanese 'planes last night scored direct hits in a surprise raid on the American-fa eld Motoyama airfield on Iwojima, 750 miles south of Tokio, the Japanese Agency stated. Advanced H.Q., Burma, May 22. Fourteenth Army troops mopping up in Burma have found in abandoned dumps 250 tons of machinery.

50 tons of spare motor parts, heavy machinery, and big quantities of rice. British and Indian troops have beaten off counterattacks by the Japanese trying to escane to Siam across the Shan Hills. and Fourteenth Army troops have pushed to Fyasakan crossroads, on the highway across the Shan Hills from Touneoo to Mawchi. Reuter. 14 MORE U-BOATS SURRENDER Four more surrendered German U- boats arrived at Londonderry yesterday, bringing the total number of submarines there to 20.

Two of the U-boats, the U-294 and the U-968, were escorted by the frigate xuujs. Keats. A further four U-boats are expected at Londonderry this morning. Ten U-boats have arrived in Oslo Harbour urine the past few days to surrender, states an Associated Press message from Stockholm FRENCH CLAIMS ITALY? CLEARING FRANCE OF LAND MINES 100,000,000 to be Lifted From oar own Correspondent Paris, May 22. The end of the war will not automatically open French seaside resorts to the children of the towns because the French shore is still covered with German minefields, as are indeed some areas in the interior especially Lorraine and the forests of the Vosges.

The mines, which number about 100,000,000, render dangerous about 750,000 acres. It is reckoned that the cost of their removal without the charts in German possession would be in the neighbourhood of 20,000 lives. Even with plans the cost will be great, for only the other day it was reported that twelve disarmed Germans were killed while engaged in demining with the charts an area outside Dunkirk. Unfortunately the British sergeant in charge was also killed. It is the French intention that the greater part of this work shall be carried not only so that they shall bear the casualties, but also because this will place the maximum pressure on the Germans to find the charts which have not already been irremediably lost or destroyed.

French demining volunteers have already suffered heavy casualties, but and. above all, children are also still being killed daily by the German army through the mines it has left behind. In Finistere. where only five acres of the 20,000 mined have been cleared, 250 children have been killed by mines hidden in the rocks. In five other departments 194 children have paid with their lives.

Peasants, constitutionally unable to sit indefinitely looking at their fields running to seea. have greatly lengthened the list of deaths. The mined fields of dairy farms are one of the causes of the milk and butter shortage in Paris. is expected that the demining of French soil will be completed for several years. The majority of the mines will be.

fairly easy to find with electro-magnetic detectors as soon as a sufficient supDly of these is available but the mines made of wood, glass. ft- 3nd cardboard cannot be found U-BOAT TOPPLES OVER IN THE THAMES Moored at Westminster The ocean-going 776. first German submarine to surrender at Wexmouth toppled over on her side at her mooring the Thames last night. was en to London for exhibition, tied up at West- ftSwrnSW but with the falling tide the hawsers connecting bank broke and HSSLiettUng over at 311 acute angle fome yards before Port of lTo-don Authority men made her secure iJK crew- charmed and smiling broadly, went ashore by an improvised landing bay, watched by crowds lining Westminster Bridge. She had been taken up the river by a naval crew and accompanied by a naval launch and tugs.

776 belongs to the dff. edto attack Atlantic envoys Pa5 ixea commissioned for a year and bad made one patrol of about fifty days when she surrendered. BURMA PLAN CRITICISED New Delhi, May 22. The Congress "Hindustan Times" to-day described the British White Paper on Burma as a document "which promises nothing but withholds a great oeai, and the interim government niggardly scheme." wi' Mslem organ, stated: n. itoss.

oi tne oara welsh Division, nas divided the bathing beaches into German and British sections. The German girls can splash about happily in their own territory and the soldiers, farther along, can bathe without distraction. It is not an offence for Germans to try to fraternise provided that their attempts do not continue once they are told to stop. But prominent citizens of Hamburg who arrived at the Military Government offices to discuss problems of the nort and the citv were told by -a British colonel that they would save tnemseives a great deal of embarrassment if they did not try to shake hands with Englishmen. One of the Ger mans replied that he thought the British always snooK hands.

He was told No Englishman shakes hands with a foul LIFT AND RESTAURANT IN A CHURCH A lift for the benefit of elderly people who find it difficult to climb stairs, a restaurant, kitchens, and servery, and badminton courts are some of the novel features incorporated in the rebuilding oi at. uoiumoas jnurcn, -font street London. The church, which was destroyed by enemy action, is to be rebuilt at a cost oi about 150,000. The Rev. R.

F. V. Scott, minister of the church, has inaugurated a society to be known as the Friends of St. Columba's at New College Assembly Hall, Edinburgh, to raise funds for the rebuilding. THE WEATHER To-day's Forecast For the 24 to-day: hours beginning 6 a.m.

Geaaral laferenee Pressure will remain low to east ot the British Istcs, and weak tro-hs of low pressure are mcrrmg somn across us country Lesion. 8X. aad England, aad E. wind rarlable. light, becoming northerly to norm, easterly, moderate: zaa.nty cloudy; local rain bowers; local log ear1 'n period.

lather eooL 8.W. asti N.W. EasbuK. w. aai N.

Mlglsaea. B. ana If. Wale Wind norther to rortb-easterly, light or moderate; cloudy at first, with local rain or showers; some bright Intern In-afternoon; appreciable clear cues as rugm; ysaser NJE. Eagsaai aa4 SjL ScMlaacI Wind north easterly, moderate or fresh; malrjy cloudy, with some nui tog as nrst; origin period later; cool 8.W., W.W ICS, mmt NX.

Seatcatrf, Orkaey auw Mesttnc. sate saaa, ri.w., n.r... asw n. Irelaag: TRsd llgnt or moderate: fair, with approdab brltAit periods, rather cool. Farther Otrtlee far the Brlttsa Isles Mainly fair ana rather Rises Sets Rises Sets TO-day 5 5S 1014 6 11 OJn.

SDSajn. To-morrow 5 56 1016 7 18 p.m. 5Zsjn. For trm ten miles north of Manchester sunset is later try 43 secosds Lamp-time for Vehicles To-day 11 14 pan. YESTERDAY IN MANCHESTER Wwxnrorn Pixz Mrraoarxocrcu Qgggiisirni.

TfTSSSAY. Mar 22. Weather summary for past 24 hours: Rain at 9 15 and 13 40 hoars DA8.I. Barometer tendency: Rising. Barranetet.

9 pa ir.l.uhar- 1 003 2. The mlltl'-ar 1 the International unit ot barometric pressure. One tbonsand numbers (one bar) equals 2933 Inches et memory. On Inch of mercury equals 33-85 millibars Shads temperatnr Dry boa. a a.m., 51.8; dry bans.

9 pjiL, 52-2; ma-tlmam 57; minimum. 50; humidity (percentagv. 9 85: Btsmtdltr (percentage) 9 85 linehen) sunshl (boursi. 0 3.