The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 3

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, TUESDAY, APRIL 27, 1943 EASTER IN NORTH LANCASHIRE STATE PAY Common Wealth Plan FOR WIVES for Full Sex Equality MISCELLANY Edited by "Lucio Tips on Tea-Making According to Fielding "Love and scan dal are the best sweeteners of tea," but in real practice a good deal more than those two intangibles is needed in order to produce the ideal cup. So the Services and those who cater for them have found, with the result that N.A-A.F.L and the Empire Tea Bureau have collaborated to produce a lively and informing little booklet on the right way to produce the best tea, whether from an urn or a pot, and how to look after the utensils required for the process. And Serving Tea to the Services," as the booklet is called, would offer a reminder of what the correct procedure should be (or some private households where that -t Common Wealth concluded its in Manchester yesterday. Tae conference agreed to a number principles of policy in regard to the of women. These included recognition of women as full and sponsible citizens and the recogni-n of the full social and economic of women's work.

Where ucmen do the same work as it was declared, "they shall the same pay, and. in addition, -ucnt shall be levelled up for work ahy classed as women's work, such Jjmestic work, nursing, social ser-certain classes of factory work, rsany others. The care of the home snail be recognised as a service, to be remunerated as bv the community. This shall take the form of a tale personal allowance of full-time domestic responsi- for wives and such single women nrecluded by such responsibility i taking employment outside the it the resolution accept- these principles Mrs. BUhngton-, (Hampstead) said the reason why i were underpaid was largely the woman in the home gave ork on a serf basis, receiving but her keep.

Work in the -a as national work, and the get an allowance of nav nnv other worker. "We do not marriage would be spoiled by FULL INDEPENDENCE FOR INDIA I.L.P. Conference's Demand near Hawkshead. proceaure nas teen lorgotten or was never known. Brewing versus Stewing is aptly dealt with, and the importance of the preliminary warming of the pot or urn is rightfy stressed.

To infuse the tea, water that is "really boiling but freshly boiling should be used water from which ell the air has been boiled makes a dull brew, and the result should stand for five minutes before being poured from the pot (or seven to ten minutes in the case of an urn). The upshot should be a beverage which would justify Wellington's remark to his generals at Waterloo Tea cleared my head and left me with no misapprehensions." Opulence on Hire Suspending the issue of bank-notes of a value of more than 5 would have been highly inconvenient to a personage well known in mid-Victorian and Bohemian London. This was E. T. Smith, speculator and theatre manager, who hired a from a bookmaker at 1 a day.

He would attend sales, bid for anything he fancied, and, having written his name on the back of ths note, would offer it in payment, relying on the fact that it was very unlikely that change for it could be found. But the sight of tiio note put him in credit, and he would then reseil the article at a profit and pocket the balance Once, however, he bid for the original St. Dunstan's in Regent's Park and it was knocked down to him for 10,000. The deposit required was exactly 1,000. Here was a dilemma, but Smith got out of it by announcing that he intended to make second Cremorne ot the mansion which would attract thousands.

The auctioneer hurriedly cancelled the sale and Smith saved his note. Periodically, the bookmaker replaced the hired token by a new note, so that presently there was quite a covey ot in circulation with Smith's name on tnem, wtiich was one way of establishing a reputation for wealth. Dispraise of Naples Just now when Naples finds itself such an extremely disturbed area as a result of repeated air raids there seems to be a new force in the opinion expressed by Crabb Robinson a hundred years ago that Naples is an uncomfortable place you. never feel at home in it, all its sensations are centrifugal, not centripetal." And indeed nothing would be easier than to collect an anthology of abuse of Naples as a place to live in to set against Sec Naples and die." Faber, for instance, denounced Naples as utterly uninteresting and a detestable climate. Even as to beauty and position much overrated, the bay bein? a very fair bay but nothing incomparable." If Faber and Robinson had little in common, Charles Grcville differed from both, yet he began his account of Naples with I am disappointed with Naples.

I looked for more life and gaiety, a more delicious air, beautiful town. It strikes me as less beautiful than Genoa." BOOKS RECEIVED Wtjhave received the following books, From Edrd Arnold and NINE OHCS'IS By Mldn. 6s net. From crobridae UnlvenlLv Fret TRADE REOULATIOrlS AND COLOHIAL POLICY OF THE UNITED KINGDOM. By the Riercn 8U1J of the NaUona.

Institute of Economic and odal Research 12s. net STANDARDS OF LOCAL EXPENDITURE A Problem of tne Inequality ot Incomes By R. and U. K. Hicks.

4j. 6d. nrt THE PSYCHOLOGY OF CDLTURAI. OHANOB IN FAINT NO. Br Plcklonl.

Ph.D. 8l. 6d. net SCIENCE. REIJGION.

AND THE FUTURE A Course oi EKht Lecttirea By Charles E. Raven, D.D. 7s 6d net Frcm John Crowther. KISING CHINA. By W.

F. Burbridae la. 6d. Frpm "Hutelilnsori and Co LESSONS OF MY LiFE, By I be Rloht Kon. Lord Vnnslfart '9s 6d net.

AUCHINLECK TO ALEXANDER By Major General H. 12s 6d net THE FLET OF THE FUTURE Bv the Marchioness of Londonderry. 6d. OPPRESSED MINORITY By Frant Koetler. la VANSITTAFTITIS A Polem'c.

Bt Dotlo KofEer. le THE WISHING STAR. Bj Miry Douglas Warre. 8a 6d. net.

From KInc and Staples' YEAR-BOOK OF LABOUR STATISTICS, 1942. (International Labour Office) 8a. From John Lane: PERELANDRA. A Novel By C. 8.

Lewis. 8s. 6t. net. From Looking st Life Publications.

Preston: ODDS AND ENDS. By Norman Taylor, la. Prom John Uurray: GOD AND MY NEIGHBOUR. By Cyril Arinrton, OB. le.

From Saint Catherire Press: PROSPERITY WITH FREEDOM. By A. Grant McGregor. 2s 6d. net.

From Student Christian Movement Press: AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A GERMAN PASTOR. By Hans P. Ehrenoenr, D.PbU. 6a. net A JUST AND durable PEACE A Discussion by Leaders oi tht American Churrhes.

2s 6d. net. CATHEDRAL SERVICES Etcdjoujc at 3 30. HoIt Co nun union: at 9 ft m. and after Mat ns: Holy Dajrs and Fridays at 11 a in.

Bagtlama alter dae notice Tuesday. MatUu uld at 9 a Holy Communion j-platn). Evensong sa'd at 3 30 p.a. Service ot Intercession. 1 25 to 1 50 p.m.

1115 11 lew I brineinff this in tiinV iiuun i vvuuiu UC improved because people would marry wuie icauuy since tne woman would not np pnliralv -1- j. dependent." SECOND FRONT The following resolution, moved by Mr. J. Loverseed. P.

Merseyside and Camberley branches, was passed This conference believes that attention ShtlUln So Hrawr, rt fha fnt tkn, 1 lun uiai tu uili moment the Soviet Union is having to bear the brunt or the present war, and reminds the British Government that the British people will not be able to comprehend it if Britain anH I'nn V-u kjw.ca die UUL giving our Soviet ally effective fighting am in ciurupe in xaij The conference expressed agreement witn a resolution from the West Bristol branrh tKat Hit UUCOUUii LL colonial administration was an essential part of anv peace settlement and recommending that plans be made to see that the conventions and recommendations of the International Labour Conference of 1939 on native labour werp not only ratified by the Government but brousht into force a soon as possible, and that inter-Allied discussions on colonies in general be continued so that proposals may be prepared for submission to any future peace conference," A resolution urgine measures to eet the Beveridge Report, with the minimum of modifications, on the Statute Book as soon as possible was referred to the National Committee, and several resolutions on educational reform were referred back for consideration. no VOIPP i5 raicpH affaincf ovin.i 1. this conference." The resolution was carried. Indian fraternal delegates appeared on the platform and were loudly cheered. Beveridge Report The conference adopted a resolution presented by Mr.

James Carmichael on behalf of the council welcoming four aspects of the Beveridge Report its recognition of the principle that economic security for workers and their children should be the first obligation to the nation, its challenge to the powerful profit-making insurance companies," its proposed abolition of the means test in most social services, and its recommendation of children's allowances. Points condemned by the resolution were inadequate provision for old-age pensioners, the contributory principle "under which the workers would bear the greater part of the cost," and the proposed training camps for unemployed persons. Replying to a West Hendon amendment, which was defeated, that the Beveridge Scheme was meant as a trap for the working class, Mr. Carmichael said he did not believe Mr. Arthur Greenwood had set out to trap the working classes by asking for the Beveridge Report in the first place.

The accepted with applause a resolution of the Lancashire Divisional Council calling upon the council to expose the inadequacy of the Beveridge Report and to stress that the only effective guarantee of social security for the working classes is the overthrow of the capitalist system and the establishment of a Socialist Britain now." Other resolutions instructed the council to withdraw from co-operation with Common Wealth. a movement without root in the working class," except upon specific issues, and demanded the repeal of the Essential Work Order and other anti-working-class legislation." WINGS FOR VICTORY" Salford's Programme Salford's Wings for Victory Week, which begins on Mav 15. will be opened by Major General Ira C. Eaker. D.F.C., Commanding General of the United States Eighth Army Air Force.

He will take the salute at Peel Park at a parade of units of the R.A.F., the W.A.A.F., the A.T.C., and the Women's Junior Air Corps. On the following day, Sunday, the Salford Home Guard. Civil Defence services, and N.F.S. will parade and later attend a drumhead service, also at Peel Park. An exhibition of R.A.F.

equipment Peel Park Art Gallery and of a Miles Magister training plane, balloon barrage, and Lancaster fuselage will be opened by the Mayor, Councillor C. J. Townsend, on the Monday, followed by an N.F.S. display and women's physical culture exhibition. An unarmed combat display by R.A.F.

personnel will be a feature of Tuesday's events. An R.A.F. band concert in the park and a performance of Merrie England by Swinton Choral Society in the adjoining Technical College will be given on the Wednesday. Air Chief Commandant K. J.

Trefusis Forbes, Director of the W.A.A.F.. will be the speaker at a rally in Salford Hippodrome on the Thurs-dav which will be Women's Day. The final Saturday will be Youth Day, with a parade of youth organisation members. The week's target is 1,000,000. R.A.F.

CASUALTIES Awarded the D.F.C. as recently as January, Pilot Officer D. G. Mercer, who was born at Paisley, Renfrewshire, is now reported missing in Air Ministry-Casualty Communique No. 226, published to-day.

This officer had taken part in fortv-six sorties, stated the official citation, and had destroyed three enemy aircraft, one motor torpedo boat, and shared in the destruction of two other motor torpedo boats. The full list reports that 109 have lost their lives, ten are wounded or injured, 156 are missing, and one is a prisoner of war. Of these twenty-six are second entries giving later information of casualties announced in earlier lists. devoted to the British cause but too timorous to call the police, intimately he steals a Spitfire, meets some Messer-schmitts, and dives screaming to his doom. Restrained acting, notably by Martin Miller, maintains an air of plausibility wherever the script permits.

D. S. Xatler. Many people will go to see the film of a B.B.C. Brains Trust session with the sole object of satisfying a natural curiosity, and they will not be disappointed.

The "market" obviously existed and this straightforward photographic record caters for it by the simple process of swinging the camera from one member of the Trust to another as tbey sit on each side of Mr. McCullough. the question-master, and signal their desire to speak. But though it has so little in common with the cinema it is not a dull film; the opportunity it offers to check existing impressions of personalities from a new angle makes it always interesting. The best of the other items are a cartoon and a Robert Benchley "lecture" on keeping At.

J. E. D. SHOP WORKERS Support for Communist Affiliation The National Amalgamated Union of Shop Assistants, Warehousemen, and Clerks, at their conference in Leeds yesterday, decided by a majority of two votes that the union should support the application of the Communist party for affiliation to the Labour party. Mr.

R. Jardme (Manchester), moving the resolution, said there were those who were afraid that if the Communists were allowed to join thf Labour party they would immediately begin to absorb that party. Se eral voices They would. Mr. H.

Gunson (London) said the inclusion of Communists would strengthen the Labour party and the working-class movement as a whole. Mr. E. J. Gorringe (London), opposing, said that the Communists in Britain were under the conttol ot the Communist International and could not loyally abide by any decision the Labour party might maice without reference to the Communist Executive.

Mr. John Carruthers (Glasgow), also opposing, said that the British Communists were liable to another somersault at any time. A 'resolution condemning a T.U.C. circular which prevents known members of the Communist party from being eligible for ouicial positions in the trade union movement was carried by a large majority. A resolution was approved expressing the view that the only effective method of bringing a speedy end to the war was by the immediate opening of a second front in Western Europe.

Another resolution adopted deplored the present deadlock in India and urged the Government to reopen negotiations immediately with Congress leaders so that India might have the right of self-determination and a National Government at once. A call for some form of licensing of small traders after the war was made by Mr. J. R. Leslie.

M.P. No one could deny, he said, that before the war there were too many shops. A resolution calling for the complete acceptance by the Government of the principles of the Beveridge Report was carried unanimously; Mr. E. Franks, secretary of the union's approved societyv said the Beveridge Report had aroused more interest than anything since the New Testament.

A resolution condemning anti-Semitism, and urging the Home Secretary to take definite action in all cases of manifestation of anti-Semitism, which Fascists everywhere tried to inject into the minds of the people," was carried, and the conference, ended. NATAL INDIAN BILL The bill to restrict purchase of land by Indians in Natal and the Transvaal passed its third reading in the South African Senate yesterday. Tim Independent Labour Party, at the ludine session of its jubilee confer-at Bradford yesterday, passed a niution from the National Council i.uine that the immediate policy of I L.P. was to hasten the conclusion war and to end it on a Socialist jmms bv securing a Socialist Government in Great Britain which would win ip confidence of the Peoples of the Id. An amendment bv the Whitehaven hunch demanding the supply of more to Russia was defeated.

Mr. Fenner Brockwav moved a o.lution supporting the Indian for complete and unconditional of "British Imperial control" md lor the establishment of complete I'idioendence. He said that India had described as the acid test whether i. re.it Britain was fighting for demo-1 1 The acid truth was that this Ki.intrv was not fighting for democracy, tven in normal times democracy in India uas fragmentary. Now it had almost disappeared.

In seven out of tne eleven provinces to-day there was nn nartv and no Government and one Englishman ruled with the absolute ijouers of a dictator. Politicians and the press had attempted to give the impression, supported by the recent White Paper, that during the disturbances in India there was mass violence and murder of police miliary, me omciai statement disproved that. It showed that there were 1.U00 deaths and 3,000 injured. Of ihcpe only 43 were among the police military and the remainder were the Indian peasants and orkers. One thousand men in India have W'en flogged," he said.

Last week's mail showed that even schoolboys are i'ow being flogged for shouting slogans representing India's demands. If this nad been done in German-occupied Europe the British press and Parliament would have been outraged, but it is done by the British in India, and Manchester Stage and Screen THE HIPPODROME This week's show at the Manchester H. ppodrome, which is entitled "The is an indeterminate piece of business with no particular pattern beyond th.it provided by the orchestra in linking' up the different acts The guying of the Ge-iapo leads to a round-the-world I. ip during which an underground cafe in I' ins. a music-hall in Portugal, an A.TS.

in England, and a night club in New Yi'rk are represented, with the assistance i suitable music, including the clashing irnhnree of Offenbach's "Orpheus." The' ot the plan does not, however, nolrjct from the winning personality and lpacity for impersonation of Miss Joan Tamer or the speciality dances of the Minajanos, and the Hobbs Girls work to help matters along. The comedy Ernie Lotinga and Jack Frost is not the tmgest feature of the show, which gets the surface of things only in its ferences to feminine attire. G. C. PICTURE THEATRES Giumont.

It's That Man Again" at Gaumont this week puts on the een all the familiar personalities Tommy Handler's broadcast tin. Itma is so essentially of pure radio that giving a bodily osence to those voices with their pattern of dialogue might be uig near to spoiling the fun. Actually convention of the broadcast is remark- well sustained in the film. Just as radio Itma creates complicated and ciful situations built up from nothing, does the film, and the extravagant and, way, highly mannered dialogue of the ibhfhed characters will not disappoint listeners who have followed them for -ars on the wireless. M.

C. Ueansgate. Julien Duvivier made -'arnet de Bal" a whole by assembling -odes round a character, the owner of dance programme. In applying a "ilar technique to so rapidly perishable -lung as a tail coat he weakens continu-of thought dangerously and it aieeds the skill of a cast of a dozen or so 'p-liners to distract attention from the -sy construction of "Tales 'Of Man- '-tan." Still we are left with, in effect, -eries of well-acted playlets in which we and lose all too rapidly, the luaintance of the coat's wearers or Charles Boyer, as a popular 'or. figures in a cynical tragedy Henry ida, in comic vein, claims the coat and ns Ginger Rogers; it splits on Charles -sughton's back while he conducts an.

rchestra, helps Edward G. as down-and-out back to respectability, and lishes, to a burst of darkie singing led kv Paul Robeson, on a scarecrow's cross-pcle. E. B. Oxford and Market Street Squadron Leader is a variation on the theme jf "49th Parallel," more complex in plot out more simple in sentiment Eric Port-in an is again the nasty Nazi officeir this time an ace fighter pilot, brutal, boorish, but a coward at heart.

Finding himself in England in' K.AJ?. uniform as a result of the miscarriage of an elaborate propaganda plot, he manages to elude the long arm M.I. 5 by blackmailing aliens who are Holiday-makers rte Attempts to salvage the sunken Swedish submarine Ulven were aban doned yesterday, the German radio said last night. Flags flew over Government offices and public buildings yesterday in honour of the twentieth anniversary of the wedding of the King and Queen, wno spent tne day the country. Lord Swinton.

Resident Minister in West Africa, returned there yesterday from North Africa, where he has dis cussed with Mr. Harold Macmillan, British Minister at Allied H.Q., various important aspects of the war. KinK Haakon of Norway watched the drawn final of the Inter-Alhed Services soccer Cup between the Army and R.A.F. This was preceded by a game between the beaten semi-finalists in which the Norwegian Forces beat tne Belgian Army by 1 0. Londqn Transport busmen at Windsor staged a one-day strike yesterday because a Saturday schedule introduced for yesterday was considered unnecessary, as only pleasure-seekers would be travelling.

People going to Windsor Races walked to the course many went by rowing-boat. An amendment of rules to enable surplus funds to be invested in war stock was adopted at the conference of the National Union of Public Employees at Nottingham yesterday. Under the existing rule surpluses could not be invested in any war stock or any stock which had for its purpose the direct furtherance of war purposes. The death was announced yesterday in London of Baron Frederic d'Erlanger, banker and composer. He was 74.

D'Erlanger combined his two careers with conspicuous success. As a banker he was chairman of Erlanger's, a private banking house as a musician he composed "several operas, symphonic choral works, and ballets. A window valued at 1,000 was damaged by a thief who broke into St. Mary's Parish Church, Bury St. Edmunds (Suffolk), on Sunday night.

A page torn from the service register in the vestry had been ignited apparently to enable the' intruder to find the way to the west end of the church where a meter had been rifled. Coins are placed in the meter to floodlight the roof of the church. The two boys who after being marooned on a sandbank tnree-ouarters of a mile from the Flintshire shore of the River Dee were drowned in trying to reach safety would have been rescued by a boat had they waited there a few minutes longer, it was stated at the inquest yesterday. The boys had gone to the bank in search of cockles and were cut off by the tide. A verdict of accidental death was recorded.

U.S. ENVOY'S REQUEST Why He Did Not See Gandhi Washington, April 26. Refusal to allow Mr. William Phillips, President Roosevelt's personal representative in India, to see Gandhi was in accordance with the British policy of not allowing anyone to see him, and involved no discrimination against Mr. Phillips or the United States.

This was understood in Washington to-day. where reports say that had the interview with Gandhi been allowed it would have been exceptional and might have aroused unjustified hones of intervention by the United States. Since there is not the slightest indication that the United States intends to take any action in tha matter other than satherins information, the British thought it best to prevent misapprehension. It is understood in Washington that Mr. Phillips was entirely aware of tha British attitude before he requested the appointments, but doubtless asked for them as a demonstration of his impartiality to all groups and his desire to gain their viewpoint British United Press.

FALL FROM TRAIN Brother on Murder Charge Joseph Benjamin, 44ryear-old fruiterer, of Watford Road, Harrow, was at Clerkenwell yesterday remanded until May 10 charged with the murder of his brother Israel, who fell from a London electric train on Sunday. Israel Benjamin, who was 45 and lived at Empire Road, Perivale, Middlesex, was seen to fall from a Broad Street-Richmond train near Kentish Town. During yesterday's proceedings, which lasted only a few minutes, Mr. Emanuel for Benjamin, said that Benjamin had already made an explanation and added: "I have not the slightest doubt what the result will be." THE SHOPKEEPERS' PLAINT Multiplicity of Orders Protests against what was described as the unfairness of food regulations prosecutions were made at yesterday's session of the Co-operative party conference in Edinburgh. It needs both the cunning of a Philadelphian lawyer and the honesty of an archangel to keep clear of food prosecutions to-day." said Mr.

J. M. Peddie (Hull). "It is exceedingly difficult for anyone connected with food distribution to keep out of the courts." Retailers were overwhelmed by the multiplicity of statutory orders and regulations. The conference passed a resolution demanding that in court proceedings against a particular branch only prosecutions against that branch should be mentioned Special Coupons for Linen? Mrs Pym (Luton) moved a resolution urging the Board of Trade to issue special coupons for the purchase of household linen.

Mrs. M. E. Burns (London), opposing, said that the material available for the manufacture of towels was only 3 per cent of what was available in 1939, and the amount available for sheeting was only 5 per cent. Compare our position with that of the women in the countries where the Nazis are actually on their soil.

Think of those women who have had to see all their possessions burned before their eyes and then consider whether we are justified in demanding new curtains in our windows and new cloths on our tables Mrs. Coyle (Bermondsey) said "Our girls are doing fire-watching and making a good job of it. The Government gives them a tin hat, but it doesn't dish them out with stockings which get torn while they are doing their fire-watching." Another woman delegate told the conference that she had no coupons left because she had had to give up hers to provide bedding for four war-workers whom she had taken into her home. The Chairman (Mr. A.

Barnes, MP.) pointed out that the executive of th? party was at present in negotiation with the Board of Trade on the matter. The resolution was carried. A YEAR'S PRESCRIPTIONS Details concerning the prescriptions dispensed for insured persons under the National Health Insurance scheme during 1942 are disclosed in the twentieth annual report of the Staffing, Equipment, and Pricing Sub-committee of the Lancashire' Insurance Committee. The report shows that the total cost of the prescriptions dispensed (184,123) was the highest recorded, although the total number of prescriptions was only 3,967.952. compared with 4,098,239 in 1940.

This is explained by an appreciable increase in the actual cost of dispensing, which rose from 71,410 in 1941 to 86,735, bringing the average cost per insured person to the record figure of 4s. compared with 4s. Oid. in 1940 and 4s. 2id.

in 1941. During the year under review 12,733 prescriptions had ta be returned to chemists. In more than a quarter of these cases (3 334) the prescriptions required the maker's name in 2,312 cases details as to quantity, strength, measurement, and weight were needed in four cases the writing was illegible, and in one the signature of the doctor was "missing or illegible." The tot 'cost of insulin supplied to 22,258 insured persons during the year was 6,723. compared with 5,672 to 21,579 persons in 1942, while the cost of vaccines and sera prescribed to 1,438 persons was 712, compared with 546 for 1,183 persons in 1942. Among the vaccines and sera prescribed appear the following items Anti-catarrh.

284 calf lymph. 86 cold (common). 59 diphtheria antitoxin. 12 normal horse serum, pouen, ana snase venom solution. 1.

RECENT WILLS Donliiy. Hush. oT 42, Derrrnieie Avenue. Belfast, vho died on. December 1.

left personal estate In Omt Britain and Northern Ireland -rained at 37,244. bis been (minted to his xridov mod John Montcnsn. of 10, Clupsl Street, Frestoa. Be left all of his- property aeon trust far -wife far life and then one-half to the Roman Catholic Diocese of TTiMfta1 far the education of nrlests and one-half to the Boman CatboUe Archdiocese cf Cardiff fox bmidirj cnarcnea. aok.

Joeeah Robert, of 22. Chanel Street. Coaae. cotton manufacturer, who died on February 26 last left vim net personalty fiabbaw. John, of fi7.

Danesbirrr UtrtMS. Tarwm Moor. Bolton, retired fcoder and outfitter, vho died on pec per ox un, acea oy years, jeis vita net personalty 4,149. COMMUNISTS IN TRADE UNIONS Ban on Office-Holding Mr. Len Smith, in his presidential address to the National Union of Boot and Shoe Operatives in London, yesterday said that the superseding of handicraft bv machine-made goods and the change from a creative process to a repetition process may go on until a man's actions and the working of his mind become no better than those of an automaton.

We must devise some method which will foster the retention of craftsmanship." Speaking of the post-war relation of capital and labour, he said We must not accent even industrial peace at any price. The soulless erind of the machine aEe must be modified. The workers of the future must be given time for relaxation and recuperation." There was no necessity for the poor to be forced to purchase cheap and nasty goods, thereby creating a market for the shoddy of all kinds. The less well-off must be brought into contact with the best, by the raising of their economic status. He suggested that employers should be enforced by law on the discharge of anv worker to pay a standard rate of wage until such time as alternative employment was found.

We must be audacious and demand the abolition of a system that condemns men and women to lives of penury," he said. A protest against production of shoddy footwear was made at the conference, and a resolution was passed declaring that adulteration of footwear, particularly for children, should rank as an offence equally with food adulteration. The quality and healthful effect of utility footwear were praised by other speakers, and it was decided to seek obligatory standards after the war. A proposal that the Government method of compiling cost-of-living figures should be revised was made by Mr. S.

Betts (Northampton). The cost of utensils, linen, he said, was left out. Mr. W. Cooke (Northampton) said that 65 per cent as the increase of food costs over 1914 seemed a misstatement.

Some household necessities were outside the scope of the calculation. Mr. George Chester, secretary, said that the T.U.C. and Labour party had the matter actively in mind, and on his advice the resolution was withdrawn Communists in Office The conference defeated by a large majority a resolution proposing discontinuance of the obligation on members to sign a form disavowing membership of the Comnjunist party before being nominated for union office and delegations. The resolution also urged removal of the ban on Communists from holding office in the union.

Mr. R. Morton (Kilmarnock), moving the resolution, said that their members who were Communists were good members By passing this resolution they would be coming into line with other unions. Mr. A.

Dobbs, national organiser and prospective Labour candidate for Smeth-wick, said that the form which it was proposed to abolish was known as the black document." They would like to dispense with it but since it was instituted they had been significantly free from internal troubles. There was no such thing as a Communist party in England, he said. There was a British section of the Communist International. Communists would not sign a pledge without permission from the International. "I could imagine the International giving permission for anything," he declared.

"Communists have been instructed to get into as many trade union positions as they can." Communists wanted to prove their genuineness they should publish their balance-sheet "SOFT" DRINKS Reserved for Sale with Gin At a canteen in a Government department where 200 people lunched yesterdav teetotallers were refused soft drinks, although small supplies of orange squash, lemon squash, and lime juice were available. "These are for sale with gin only," said the barman. The Ministry of Fflod.t which has repeatedly declared that conditions of sale may not be imposed, has promised to investigate the matter. An order controlling the distribution of soft drinks came into' operation some time ago. G.O.C JAVA A PRISONER Major General Degge Sitweli, the 46-year-old G.O.C.

of the British' forces in Java, Dutch East Indies, has been officially; reported to he a prisoner in Japanese hands. CROSSWORD No. 99 Mill! lifi'M I i IB! 111 TiT tl Itli 11 I ifHsiiii Hi LSI MM IF8 I- I ifli iiwriMPia mi Mm Mi' ii i ipi inHni fiHir i IfFi I IPTTT inMm mi until mi mn I iT in1 mi lii mi mi im i mei i ACROSS 1. Treasury owner serious friend 5. Holds a far better thing (6).

10. It has four equal sides (7). 11. "We have done -with Hope and Honour, We to Love and Truth" (Kipling) (3. 4).

12. Cross of some square yards (4). 13. Yeats wrote "The Cutting of an (5). 14.

The Wise Men (4). 17. Keen camper? 6). 18. I'm turned to fury by the illusion (6).

20. Grand part of the year (6). 21. He's skilled in laws 6). 24.

Europe's high spots (4). 25. Wide second-class highway? (5). 26. Orient for 5's vehicle (4).

29. Might be nicer as poison (7). 30. Wine (7). 31.

Yorkshire version, of Yes, teacher" (6). Ili! TZ1 32j Grounded (8). DOWN 1. In library or art gallery 2, 1, 4). 2.

Words bf warning (4, 3). 3. Small type of stone! 4). 4. 5 is a long time on the face of it 6).

Stuck in my throat" (4). 7. Implement consumed, time (3, 4). 8. An outcome of the" sitting? (15).

9. Bird happy (3-4). IS. Unforeseen difficulties (5). 1ft.

One of the elements (5). 19. largely a wealthy bird (7). 20. The snake continent (7).

22. Chanted (7). 23. Hawk (6. 27.

-the Hound of Heaven (4). 28. Another element (4). The imjltou am b. published to-morrow 'HI "i inn in I jui aiM SOLUTION TO CROSSWORD No.

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