The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 6

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, MONDAY, MARCH 11, 1946 6 THE BOLTON DISASTER STOP-PRESS NEWS Ten young men were arrested i Dublin during the week-end. xhel will probably appear before Special Criminal Court to-day char with subversive activities. TRIESTE OUT TO IMPRESS Boundary Commission Starts Its Work From our Special Correspondent LANDING OF DUTCH TROOPS IN JAVA Action May Lead to Political Crisis From our Special Correspondent city to impress the Commission. Hence the greater part of the town, including the whole commercial centre and the better class residential districts are, with few exceptions, entirely undecor-ated. Certainly these tactics represent ine British troops) by Dutch forces was reached yesterday when four battalion's of Netherlands Indies infantry, trained in Malaya, disembarked at Batavia.

"As recently stated in India and in London, the Allied intention is to withdraw British and Indian troops gradually as the situation warrants, handing over to the Dutch and completing the withdrawal within five months. It is apparent that the Allies held their hand thus far hoping that some settlement would be reached by now and that the Dutch would return with Attending to the injured on the Bolton football ground after two barriers had collapsed under the weight of the crowd. "WORSE THAN BEFORE MUNICH" Cardinal Griffin and Peril in World Trieste, March 10. The Four-Power Boundary Com mission spent most of yesterday in protracted discussion on procedure and the methods of investigation. A communique issued this morning stated simply that the Commission had met and had conferred on its tasks.

Correspondents were informed that the Commission would not issue communiques on the subject matter' of its investigations or provide any information to the press about its itinerary or procedure. Neither the Commission nor individual members will give interviews nor are press pnotographers authorised. It is interesting to note in view of this statement that correspondents of the Russian Tass Agencv joined the Russian delegation at Belgrade and have remained with it since its arrival in Trieste. It is understood that the Commission intends t6 work throughout as a commission and that a representative of each country will take part in all investigations or interviews. FLAGS AND NO FLAGS Since Friday the outskirts of this city where the Slovene population lives have blossomed with Yugoslav flags and mural inscriptions which inform the reader that Venezia Giulia wishes to become the seventh republic in the Yugoslav Federation.

There is also a fair crop of Italian flags bearing red stars in the centre, indicating Italian Communist sympathisers with the regime. The Italian Committee of National Liberation in Trieste, to which the Communists do not adhere, has instructed its supporters not to show flags but to trust in the obvious Italianness of the RUSSIANS COMPLAIN ABOUT U.S. NOTE TO BULGARIA a aignined and quite as enective a form of propaganda as the Yugoslav method, which along the main roads in the country districts runs to the blazoning of stencilled slogans on every single house and to the painting of inscriptions on the road every fifty yards. The newspapers of both sides publish carefully prepared messages of welcome to the Commission in four languages. Clearly" everyone is on his best behaviour, so that, barring a few broken heads resulting from clashes of rival demonstrations, the Commission's work is unlikely to be troubled by disturbances.

YUGOSLAV COMPLAINT Prague, March 10. General Veiebit, Acting Yugoslav Foreign Minister, who is paying a short official visit to Prague, complained in an interview here on Saturday that the Allied Army in Zone A of Venezia Giulia is on the side of the Italians." He asserted that inscriptions in the Slovene language in Trieste had to be taken down on. the pretext that they make the town ugly." He said Slovene peasants had been put in gaol for putting up slogans like "We welcome the Yugoslav Army." He also said that a considerable part of the Italian population would prefer to be under Yugoslav rule, and added thatunless the town and harbour were both incorporated in Yugoslavia Trieste would be cut off economically from the hinterland and from Central Europe and so would be doomed because it could not do any business. The Times' 'Manchester Guardian' Service The Soviet statement now protests that the United States Note made no mention that it was agreed in Moscow that Opposition representatives must enter the Bulgarian Government on mutually acceptable conditions that the United States Note "infringed the Moscow decisions by putting forward new conditions regarding the participa tion or opposition Ministers in the Government and that the United States Note was a unilateral action taken without consultation of the other interested powers. The Russians also complain that Mr.

Barnes is systematically inciting the Opposition" to act against the Moscow decisions. Reuter. SPANISH REPUBLICANS AT CHORLEY The" case of the 35 Spanish Republicans detained at Chorley (Lancashire) has been taken up by the Manchester Council of Labour, which has forwarded a resolution to the National Council of Labour demanding that urgent request be made to the Government for an immediate decision and clarification of the men position. these men as genuine democrats, the Manchester Council asks that they be treated as free men. About half of them wish to remain in Britain, and it is urged that they be given useful work and treated as refugees.

Mr. H. Newbould. secretary of Man-Chester Trades' Council, said that these men have fought Fascism for years and are unable to understand why the British Government treats them in much the same way as Italian collaborators. Batavia, March 10.

The arrival this week-end of several thousand Dutch troops at Batavia, Semarang, and Sourabaya coincides with heightened political activity, including a reported protest by Dr. Sjahrir, Indonesian Premier, against the arrival of the troops and the occupation of Bali, the imminent announcement of the names of a new "Cabinet," and the daily awaited Indonesian reply to the Dutch constitutional proposals. The indications are that the next few days will prove crucial and will decide whether official negotiations between the Dutch and the Indonesians can be conducted in an amenable spirit or whether the present stalemate will deteriorate into an armed clash. It is a month since the Dutch declaration of policy was presented by Dr. van Mook to Dr.

Sjahrir, and still the Indonesian attitude remains undefined. The British Envoy, Sir Archibald Clark Kerr, has used his best endeavours to get the parties together and has assisted at informal discussions between them. Even so, the Republican Government, possibly fearing repudiation by the extremists, hesitates to commit itself to a conference-table at which differences and doubts could be ironed out. Meanwhile the first staep nf i replacement of Indian divisions (includ- INDIANS' QUARREL WITH S. AFRICA Sanctions Proposed From our Correspondent New Delhi, March 10.

The recent article from the "Manchester Guardian's" South African correspondent criticising the restrictive legislation contemplated by the South African Government against Indian residents of the Dominion, which has been given prominence in some Nationalist papers, has done something to impress India that British opinion is alive to the dangers from the racial point of view of the policy of General Smuts's Government. The controversy comes at a singularly inappropriate moment when the British Cabinet mission is about to visit India with an offer which leaves the question of membership of the Commonwealth to her unfettered decision. Indian Nationalists have not overlooked the sympathetic interest displayed by Australia and Canada with regard to this country's food problem, but on the issue of the treatment of Indians in other parts of the Commonwealth there is a sensitiveness which cuts across political and communal differences. Two steps are almost certain to be iken by any central Government which the Cabinet mission may help to establish in April: first, the consideration of what economic sanctions by India can prove effective against South Africa, and secondly, the raising of the issue of the treatment of racial minorities Indians and indigenous races by South Africa at the, earliest possible moment before the United Nations Organisation. Such investigation by an international body, the Nationalist leaders hold, would be proper in view of South Africa's claim for the absorption of South-west Africa.

The Viceroy has agreed to receive a deputation of South African Indians, headed by the Aga Khan, this week in order to review the situation. FRENCH TROOPS TO LEAVE ANNAM Terms of the Agreement From our own Correspondent Paris, March 10. French troops are going slowly from Haiphong, in Tongking, owing to the fact that the Chinese authorities have not got the quays at their disposal, so that thev have to ukp two small jetties. The total number of French killed when the Chinese, manning a coastal battery, opened fire on the fleet on Wednesday was 29, while 93 were wounded. The first contacts between the newly arrived French and the Government of Viet Nam appear to be cordial.

French cpinion, which did not at first seem to appreciate the great importance to France morally and politically of the agreement recognising the Republic of Viet Nam. is now waking up to it. It is certainly a triumph for M. Moutet, the Socialist Minister of Colonies. The agreement, it is now stated, provides, amongst other conditions, that in no case will Japanese forces be used for the maintenance of order, and also for the progressive withdrawal of French troops over a period of five years.

This does iiot, of course, necessarily imply the withdrawal of French troops from the non-Annamese provinces of Indo-China that is, Cambodia and Laos. 4,000 VACCINATED ON LINER Service men and women in the liner Orontes. which has a case of suspected smallpox on board, will be allowed to go home when they' are landed at Southampton probablv to-day instead of coins into quarantine. Vaccination of all on board by sixteen doctors is proceedinc while the liner is anchored in mid-stream. The passengers are 3.689 troofls.

ten men. 56 W.A.A.F.S. an E.N.S.A. party, a few ex-prisoners, and a number of civilians, all from the Far East. When they reach their homes they will have to keep in touch with their local medical officers of health.

Molotov has received -message from Mr. Qavam es Saltanth the Persian Premier, promising my efforts to strengthen fnend.v mutual relations between our couij. tries." Moscow radio reported to-day. THE BUTLER ACT Teachers' Responsibility In his address to the Lancashire County Association of Teachers at the annual meeting in Manchester Uii Saturday Mr. Hugh C.

Boll (Manchester), the newly elected pies.den:. said that during the war the standards of the secondary schools had on the whole been maintained, but otly expense of the children left ni thj elementary schools. The lowering of the standards in the elementary school had been beyond question. Lack oi staffing had led to larger classed lessened scope for individual teaching' and the complete sacrifice of subjoins and activities in one school after another. And in staffing there had been such inconsistencies as sending a teacher with honours in economics to take girls' physical training.

No new-Education Act could compensate the children for the consequent losses But the Education Act of 1944, intelligently fulfilled, would be the charter not only of the child and of the common man but of democracy. Theie had, however, appeared considerable cynicism regarding the effective use of the Act. Too many people were quoting the experiences of the Fisher Act as the probable fate of the Butler Act. Teachers must combat and defeat this cynicism in whatever quarter thev found it. The Minister of Education had refused to commit herself to am-date for the raising the school age to sixteen.

He believed there was no adequate reason why this should not be done in three years' time if the will to do so was as strong as it was concerning the adaptation factories to war purposes and the training of the technicians for those factories. The Lord Mayor (Councillor Hugn Lee) and Alderman Wright Robinson (chairman of the Manchester Education Committee) welcomed the gathering to the city. FINNISH PRESIDENT ELECTED Helsinki, March 9. Mr. Juho Paasikivi.

who signed Finland's peace treaty with the Russians, was elected President of Finland by the Finnish Parliament to-day by 159 out of a possible 200 votes. He is 75 years of age. Mr. Karl Staalberg, a former President, received only 14 votes. Reuter.

hv Vi. t-n m. Fosti stomos 0X1 ir.in,Z DEATHS (Continued) March 10. 1946. ot 51, Di'sei PrlVf.

Oldsbury. after a long Illness. borne. MEGOERDITOH HARITOUN (Mjc l0VKl husband of Francis M.i-. PANTTKIAN and father of Deran Serwc it Arm5 jChurch Upper Brook Street Manrnrsu: on Thursday, March 14.

at 9 45 a prior committal at the Mancvster Crenuwrum 10 30 ajn. Inquiries to Messrs. Kendal. Mi'-t and Co. PICKMAH.

On March 9, 1946. ELIZABETH, 74 years, of 2. Orange Hill Road. Heatm Pj- thj beloved wile of tho late William Interment at St Margaret's Church. Wednesday.

March 13. at 11 a.m. it Coope. Tel. PRE.

2713. PRESTON. On March 8. at 3, Orange Hood. Iae-.

port. Stockport, SARAH In her 82n0 jear. dearly loved wife of the late James wilfr-i PRESTON. Funeral at toe do it Crematorium tn day (Monday) at 12 30 pn, No flos. v-i request.

Inquiries Barretts, stockoort. Tel. 45'j. and 3736. PUTTOCK.

On Saturday March 9. at the Infirmary. Manchester, after a long and Pai: illness. MARY WILSON, dearly loved wile oi C. POTTOCK.

Funeral at Bury Parish C-iurch ta Wednesday. March 13. at 2 15 m. RAMSBOTTOM. On March 3 1946.

LOUISA ANN, wldo-v of Lincoln Campbell of 19. Rumford Street. Manchester 13 RICHLEY. On March 7. suddenly, at St.

Mar, Manchester, JOAN, aged 31 years, the treasure llfe of Noel RICHLEY and daughter ot Dr. Mrs. C. R. Brown, of Slade Hall.

Manchester 1i Service at Manchester Crematorium on TuesoV March 12. at 2 30 pjn. RUFFELL. On March 9. at 10.

Wllcott Road. THOMAS WILLIAM, husband oi the late RUFFELL. Inquiries tel. Gatley 2682 SHEPHEARD. On March 4.

In Greece, as th rts. of an accident. Captain JOHN (R.A.M.C.). beloved husband Elisabeth and dearly loved son of the late W. F.

8hepbeard. of Chester, and Mrs. Willis Paterson o. Bowdon, Cheshire. SPARROW.

On March 8. at the Manchester Ro- 1 Inii'msry. after an operation, LANCELOT WILLIAM, of the Waverley Hotel. ton of the late Dr Robert Lancelot SPARBO'J or Holllnwood, Oldham. Service at si.

Jiir: Church. Southport, on Wednesday. March 13. 2 30 followed try Interment at Birkdc Cemetery at 3 15 p.m. Inquiries and Boiers Boothroyds.

Ltd. TeL Southport 4145. 8TR0S8, on March 8, 1946. suddenly, at 2 Brunswick Road. Wlthlngton WALTER beo-'i husband of Lilly STKOSS and father ot ar.

a Emmy. Eva. and Bridget. Service at the Crematorium to-morrow (Tuesdavi 9 30 ajn. Further Inquiries to Messrs Ja-nts Broome.

Tels. ARDwlck 2902 and Bramhal! 30 TAYLOR. On March 4. at Torbay Hospital. accident.

ROBERT, beloved husband oS At- TAYLOR. Hillside. Bridge Road Torquay alt Bury). Cremated at Plymouth Crematorium o-March 8 Please accept this (the only! ir.uniat.cn TITTERINGTOH. On March 9.

1946. at Waahwaj Road Sale. ELSPETH NEILSON beloved wife of the late William rr- TTZTERTNGTON. In her 91st year (late ot Cu.cI-.'.t Lane. Newton Heath) Interment at JJ Cemetery on Wednesday.

March 13 at preceded by service at Holy Trinity Fallsworth, at 11 30 a.m Inquiries to Jo -Cneetham. Tel. FAI 1941. WRIGHT. On March 10.

1946. at Hasw-St--'-Chettord Road, Knutsford ant. oi Booth Corr. vi j-Knutsford. and late of Price Street Con Ancoats.

Manchester. HERBERT. dear. husband of Harriet WRIGHT, aged Funeral arrangements liter. All mcu S.

Taylor aui Eon. 12 Tatton Street. TeL Knutsford 195 WRIGHT. On March 9. ai The Old v-t Greenfield.

MARIA, dearly loved wife o. -Herbert WRIGHT, in her 84th sear. Intf Christ Church. Friezland on Tuesday, M'-f- 'I at 11 ajn. No flowers or mournlrie.

-'Xi Inquiries to Norman Broadbent. Ltd u. TeL Saddleworth 277 The Rg. 8. B.

KENIOH. M.A.. and thank their many friends and STiSlS, -their kindness, floral tributes, and dolence received during their sad Archdeacon and Rural Dean lor tht.r rnlnlstratlons. St James's Rectory. Coilyhurst.

WILLIAMSON. The Sisters of the late CHARLES WILLIAMSON desire to thank aU t-31- and friends, also the SMfi.Si brethren of Wilton Lodee Hoi?" if messages of sympathv an beautifol floral received during their sad bereavement cawMtrTRoad IN MEMOR1AM aMMPORD. Many nappy memories ai5 BAMFORD. who died. March 11.

19. MARGARET, February 16. 1945; 47. Orange Part Road. BlaCUej FIRTH.

In ever-lorrng memorv ot Iaams ARTHUR BROOKS FIR. the Battle destroyer Harvester, who lost his i in tae of the Atlantic on 11. 1943. dreri- only sorfol Mr. and Mr W.

A Firth and of Mary and Lena. 37. Kensington Street Hyde. Cheshire e. SALISBURY.

In steadfast in CLIFFORD (Pilot Oncer. R.A 9 on- Dying accident March 10 1943. dear1' sooof Tom and Maud SALISBURY 49. Alexandra Road South the MANCHESTER. GUARDIAN BVEWNO NEWS.

BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS Is. 6d. per line. Minimum two Iines.1 the consent of responsible Indonesian leaders and would co-onerate witn Indonesian forces to restore law and order. This hone was not fulfilled, Therefore the Allies decided that it was impossible to defer action any longer.

The Indonesians must now realise that Dutch suzerainty, which is recognised by the United Nations, cannot be thrown off immediately. The most vital problem before the Allies to-day, however, is how to dis charge the task laid upon them by tne High Command namely, to evacuate 70,000 Japanese prisoners of war from the interior of Java and to secure the release of 35,000 Dutch and Eurasian internees at present Indonesian camps. Both these objectives have been DiocKed so far bv the disturbed condi. tions in the interior and the inability or refusal of the Indonesians to allow the disarmed Japanese and the defenceless internees to proceed towards the Allied-held zones. This matter is now engaging tne urgent attention of the Allied command.

The Times' 'Manchester Guardian' Service EVACUATION FROM THE LEBANON Complete in a Year From our Special Correspondent Paris. March 10. The French and British military experts who have been discussing in Paris the evacuation of Syria and the Lebanon have decided that the evacuation of Syria is to be completed by both armies by April 30; that the British will leave the Lebanon by June 30, and the French will leave by April 1, 1947. The announcement on Syria was made early last week, and1 that on the Lebanon on Saturday simultaneously in London and Paris. The Quai d'Orsay explains that the British have little but troops to evacuate from the Lebanon and these they can move southward into Palestine.

The French must evacuate by sea, for which shipping must be found. Also during their 25 years' presence in the Lebanon they have installed permanent workshops and facilities, as much as possible of which they wish to evacuate. There are 9,500 British and 8,000 French troops (including about 4.000 Troupes Speciales or native levies) to evacuate. The French will seek to meet Lebanese wishes for a speedy evacuation bv arranging their withdrawal in three phases. A thousand men will be evacuated by March 31.

By August 3i troops and material in the interior will be concentrated on the coast, and Beirut itself will be evacuated excerit for skeleton services, the command and the tmiK ot tne troops moving to Tripoli. In the final phase, which is to end not later (but. if possible, earlier) than April 1 next year, evacuation of French troops and material and demobilisation of the Troupes Speciales will be completed. Ifce Times' 'Manchester Guardian' Service WINNING THE PEACE International Women's Day Appeal International Women's Day was celebrated in Manchester yesterday at an enthusiastic demonstration at the Houldsworth Hall, at which the Lady Mayoress (Mrs. Hugh Lee) presided and welcomed to the platform representatives from 10 diffarent countries.

Among them was Mme. Lucienne Chaussinand the secretary of the Union of Frenchwomen in Paris, who lost her husband in the war and herself toiled for nine months as a slave worker in the salt mines near Magdeburg. In an intense but restrained and moving address. Mme. Chaussinand described the suffering of the French people during the occupation.

No fewer than a million French children, she said, had died during the occupation of under-nourishment since October there had been no distribution of potatoes, and they had only just enough bread to eat and apart from all the human suffering, two million buildings had been destroyed. The French did not wish to return evil for evil, but they could not forget aU the crimes that had been committed against them and they therefore insisted that the Germans should contribute towards the rehabilitation of their country. Mrs. D. N.

Pritt. the principal speaker, said that all over the world to-day there were still millions of homeless, hungry, grief-stricken people. The women of Britain had had many compliments paid to them because of their war efforts, but they must now secure the right to take a full Dart in winning the peace. They were all tired, but they must rise above their tiredness because the whole of the future and particularly of their children depended upon what they brought to it. Women's special task was to see that U.N.O.

became the powerful instrument it was designed to be. In our own country there were two million more women than men, and if they could not make their influence felt there was something radically wrong. If they found themselves again embroiled in war they would only have themselves to blame. Among others who addressed the meeting was Professor Adda Corti, of the Union of Italian Women, and a musical programme was provided by miss Myrue nurry, Mme. Eisler.

and the Y.W.C.A. choir. gerently assume that the Western Allies wish to limit her to the 1939 boundaries. But the State Department and the American United Nations delegation, having had injections of courage from Mr. Bevin and now from Mr.

Churchill, are wondering how to translate their bold protests to Russia into a practical and creative policy. Mr Churchill has at least made them uncomfortably aware of the growing popular suspicion in the United States that, in the phrases one hears in offices and homes, this is where we came in" and "It's 'later in tne nim'tmvthirfaes than you Cardinal Griffin, the Archbishop of Westminster, addressing a large congregation in Westminster Cathedral yesterday, said he was not unduly apprehensive if he stated that world affairs were in a more perilous position tiian before Munich. It is perhaps not without significance," he said, that the Holy See and this country are being subjected to attacks and false propaganda from the press of a country which did magnificently in the war and from which we had so much in the cause of peace." The Church and the British nation stood for the freedom of the individual man. Both were determined to uphold the dignity of man both desired justice, truth, and charity to enlighten world politics. "But we are alarmed) when one peace-loving country after another is being subjected to attacks from outside.

"Further, we are disturbed "in our own consciences when we receive reliable reports from many countries which fought with us in the war which show that these countries are still in fetters and under the domination of a foreign Power. We ask why is it impossible for these unfortunate countries to receive the freedom and independence for which they fought and for which their gallant heroes laid down their lives. OUSTING FRANCO Russians Talk of Appeal to U.N.O. The presidium of the AlMJnion Central Council of Soviet Trades Unions has passed a resolution asking the Soviet Government "to use its influence in U.N.O. for an appeal to all democratic countries to end the conciliatory attitude to Fascism in Spain, immediately to break off diplomatic, economic, and all other relations with the Franco Government, and to take practical steps for the liquidation of Fascist reaction in Spain." The resolution describes Spam as a refuge for war criminals," and adds Only the liquidation of Franco's bloody regime and Spam's return to democracy can really remove the danger to general peace presented by Fascism in Spain." The newspaper quoted by Reuter, describes the British, American, and French declaration on Spain as a step forward but still "entirely inadequate." The paper called for concrete measures "without further delay" against the present Spanish regime.

It said It is opportune to recall that at the Potsdam Conference the Soviet Government proposed to recommend to the United Nations to break off all relations with the Franco Government It proposed also to help the Spanish democratic forces and give the Spanish people the possibility of 'creating a regime corresponding to its own will. It is hardly possible to doubt that the acceptance of the Soviet proposals would have contributed in many respects to the liquidation of Franco's tottering regime. iiowever, inese proposals nave not Deen accepted. It is clear to everyone that the British. American, and French declaration will not persuade Franco to part with his cosy place in maaria.

nas shown that the language persuasion does not reach Fascist dictators. Con sequently there must be real measures oirectea at overtnrowing trranco. But here from the depth of the years arises the olrl snectre of non-inter- ference in Spanish affairs. The principle of non-interference most of all suited Franco himself in the past and also in the present. The Spanish people and great masses of people in all countries are justly awaiting more genuine measures on the part of the democratic States.

These measures must DC xatten wunoui lunner delays. M.P.s' DOUBTS ABOUT GREECE Drift to the Right More than seventy MP.s have signed a statement on the Greek situation issued by the Union of Democratic Control expressing their doubts about the possibility of free elections at so early a date as March 31 as there is reason to fear that efforts to create an honest election register have been unsuccessful The Sophoulis Governrr the statement proceeds, "which, a few months ago, was a genuine administration of the Centre, has drifted rapidly towards the Right. Both from the British and from the Greek point of view anti-Democratic trend is full of danger. The Metaxas policy is still favoured by the Fascist Royalist who hope for an eventual clash between Britain and Russia a clash which would be disastrous to Greeks, Russians, and British." AU the MP.s -signing the statement are Labour. Among them are Mrs.

Braddock, Mrs. Barbara Castle (Parliamentary Private Secretary, Board of Trade). Mr. Tom Driberg, Dr. Haden Guest.

Dr. Somerville Hastings. Mr. M. Orbach.

Mr. D. N. Pritt, Mr. J.

Flatts- Mills, Mr. Evelyn Walkden. Mr. W. T.

Ellis, Mr. K. Zilliacus. Lord Faringdon has also signed. TWO MORE SHIP FIRES N.F.S.

units quickly extinguished a fire, described as "purely accidental," in the Empire Trent at Birkenhead yesterday. Within eight minutes of receiving the call they had the outbreak in a bunker out, but stood by for nearly an hour as" a precaution. A fire in the aircraft-carrier Victorious at Devonport on Friday night was said to be purely mechanical and a minor affair." RUSSIAN CEREALS FOR FRANCE M. Thorez, Communist Vice-President in the French Government, announced at a public rally in Paris yesterday that the Soviet Government had agreed to suDnlv France with about 980.000 tons "We ask whether it is in the cause of peace that constant attacks should be made on existing Governments and why there exists an organised campaign to sow discord and hatred among peace-loving people. I am sure we all want to see the countries of Eastern Europe given their freedom and in dependence.

This means that they should be enabled to hold free and un fettered elections, that the secret police should be removed, and that the iron curtains separating Eastern and western Europe should be eliminated. Referring to a meeting he had with General Anders a short time ago, Cardinal! Griffin said: "He and his Polish Army fought alongside our men, fought valiantly and with great courage. I am sure the people of this nation will not allow them to go unhonoured. From most reliable sources we learn of a bitter persecution against Catholic bishops, priests, and laity in many parts of Europe. We also know of thousands who are fleeing from the hands of the persecutors.

i Know mat we can rely on all men of goodwill to do all in their power to put a stop to such norrioie persecution." aii countries must unite to secure world peace and security. Every man and woman of goodwill could help in this great work. But they must be up and doing, and each one in his own way must De prepared to taKe his part. PITS' MAN-POWER Sir Charles Reid Asks for "The Team Spirit" Sir Charles Reid, designate member of the newly formed National Coal Board, at a meeting of miners' delegates in Durham on Saturday, said he believed there were the machinery and the man-power in the pits to give Britain the coal she needed for internal purposes and to make some contribu tion to the export trade, provided that there were collaboration and comradeship between the management and men in each pit. and that every man put all ne Knew into nis worK.

cut out restrie tions, and bad sense of responsibility. There- was a time, before machinery came, when a man's absence at the coal face did not matter so much, for only his output was lost, but in mechanical mining all that had changed. Unless they got the team spit it and the men were determined to work full time we should never eet the coal reauired." It had been asked in the House of Commons what owner or manager would send his, son into the pits. I can only reply that the only boy I have is in the pit. What is wrong with the pits It is a great life.

There is comradeship underground that you do not eet any where else. It is a man's iob. Ther is hard work, I admit, but what is wrong witn nard worn THE COUNTRY'S NEEDS Mr. Arthur Horner, production officer of the National Union of Mine-workers, at Chesterfield yesterday safd 100,000 more workers were needed in the mines. The present output of tons a year from fewer than 700,000 men and boys would not allow the expansion of industry required to find useful employment for men now workless and others who were being demobilised.

Two hundred million tons a year was the most that could be expected from 700,000 'workers, even with improved conditions and the expedited delivery of machinery, and that was the minimum required for the country's needs. Exports therefore could only be thought of when production became considerably more than 200,000.000 tons. AMERICAN STRIKE SITUATION A Slight Improvement From our own Correspondent New York, March 10. Tension on the industrial front has been relieved somewhat by last week's" agreement calling off the nation-wide telephone strike and by the appointment of a fact-finding panel to study the demands of the railway1 workers, which has automatically postponed a railway strike for 36 days. The continuing major strikes, however, and the threats of more, are still holding up full production.

There appears no imminent hope for the settlement of the 110-day-old strike of 180,000 General Motors workers, which has already cost the workers, the company, and the indirect producers well over $1,000,000,000. The 175,000 General Electric and Westinghouse workers are still idle after 54 days. Some 250,000 workers are holding out for higher wages in 700 steel-fabricating plants. Four hundred thousand bituminous coal miners have threatened to walk out on April 1 if a new contract is not signed by then. ATTACK ON LICENSEE AND HIS WIFE The Manchester City police are investigating an attack which was made by.

two men on Saturday morning upon William Myerscough, licensee of the Marlborough Hotel, Upper Moss Lane, and his wife. Hearing a noise at the side door of the hotel Mrs. Myerscough opened the door, and two men pushed their way in and demanded She refused to supply them and put up her hand to -push them out. One of them grabbed her hand and bit her finger severely. Her husband, who went to her assistance, was struck on the head with a spanner or iron bar.

The men then rushed out and drove away in a car. The death occurred at Bridlington yesterday, at the age of 92. of Mr. I William Foster, founder and proprietor of the -BrWBnkai Chronicle. Moscow radio on Saturday broadcast a statement by the Soviet Foreign Commissariat accusing the United States of going against the Moscow Conference decisions on Bulgaria in the Note recently sent to the Bulgarian Government.

The events leading up to this protest are these During the Foreign Ministers' Conference Moscow in December the Russians undertook to advise the Bulgarian Government to include in the Cabinet two members of the Opposition who truly represented parties not taking part in the Government and who would work loyally with the Government. When this had been done Britain and the United States agreed to recognise the Bulgarian Government. Negotiations" for widening the Govern ment iaiiea. nowever. because of a dispute about the conditions for entermE the Cabinet.

The Bulgarian Prime Minister said that it was not a 'Question of reconstructing the Cabinet but solely of including two representatives of the democratic groups outside the Govern ment, and Moscow, he said, had confirmed this interpretation. But last week Mr. Maynard Barnes, the United States political representa tive in Sofia, handed a Note to the Bulgarian Government explaining Washington's interpretation. This was that the three Foreien Ministers discussed the Questions in terms of opposition representatives with Parlia mentary support and did not advocate the mechanical inclusion of opposition representatives. The Note described the Bulgarian Government's interpreta tion or.

tne Moscow decisions as incorrect. MR. CHURCHILL TALKS TO SERVICE CHIEFS A Washington Meeting Washington, March 10. Mr. Churchill told American Navy, Army, and Air Force leaders with whom he had been associated during the war that the effective unity" of British and American military staff work is "a precious possession which we have in common." He said This unity, whenever circumstances may require it I cannot think thev will do so in our lifetime, will be available to strengthen any joint efforts our Governments may order at some future period.

I am certain our unity saved scores of thousands of lives, perhaps far more, and abridged the course of the struggle as nothing else could have done." Mr. Churchill praised General Eisenhower's joint European staff in particular as extreme perfection." General Eisenhower, introducing Mr. Churchill, said that in the course of their war-time association "there was never a single instance when the full weight of the British Empire and I mean 'scraping the bottom of the barrel' was not available to an Allied operation once it nad been agreed upon." neuter. TO-DAY'S WEATHER plainly Fair: Becoming Warmer Forecast for the 24 hours beginning 6- ajru tp-day General Inference a rid of hign pressure extending south-east from Scandinavia will maintain fair weather in most districts, but troughs of Idw pressure will live local rain or showers in Ireland and Western Scotland. It -will be rather cold, with keen frost night and morning In England, but otherwise it will be rather mild.

London. SJE. and E. England, and E. an W.

Midlands Light variable winds; mainly fair or fine: rather cold night and morning-, with teen frost: becoming mild In afternoon. N.W. and S.W. England and N. and S.

Wales: Moderate southeasterly or southerly winds; mainly fsir; rather cold moraine and night; mild in afternoon. N.E. Endand, Midlands, and S.E. Scotland: Light or moderate to southerly winds: mainly fair or fine: rather cold nicht and with keen frost; becoming mild In the afternoon. S.W..

mod N.W. Scatland and Isle at Kan: rrcsh itronj oouttcrly winds; sukSnlr lair, bat icl rain or showers; mild. N.E. and Mid. Beetlaad and Orkney and Shetland Moderate or fresh southerly winds: mainly fair; mud.

Ireland Fresh or strong southerly or south-westerly wind; long fair periods; some showers; rather cold: becoming rather mild. Farther Outlook Bain In Ireland, sorts ding eastwards. San Maori Rises Sets Rises Sett To-dij 6 35 6 04 ...10 39 a.m. 3 11 ajn To-morrow 6 33 6 06 ...11 36 am 416aJn. For ererr ten miles north of MinrhrrOr sunset Is earlier by 9 seconds.

Pull Moon. March 17. Lamp-time for Vehicles 6 34 pa 6 03 am MANCHESTER WEATHER Warrwoara Pits MxTKrjeoLocicix onaTiToar. SsxtnouiY. Hiinr 9.

Weather summary for past 24 hours ending 9 Bine afcy all day. wit- frost and. foe rn morning. Barometer tendency Rising. Barometer.

9 millibars. 1 .015.1 30.O4Slli.l. ffhruln tcmperatnrea Dry bulb, 36.6; dry duid, a ra.u; iMTinHim 46; miuimon), zv; humidity pereentage). 9 a-rc. 61: (percentage), 9 87.

Halnfill (inches) trace: (hoars). 7-5. MUCK 10. Weather nrounary for past 7A hours ending 9 Blue sky all day. with fog in morlcg and frost In morning and evening.

Barometer tendency Rising. Barometer. 9 p.m mijlibars. 1.018 5 (30.143in-. Shade tempera'ures On bulb.

9 a 36.5; dry bulb. 9 p.m.. 35.1. maximum, 46: rnlTifrwqmJ 27: humidity (percentage). 9 66; humidity (per-centaee).

9 p.m.. 79. Rainfall (inches). 0.004: sunshin (hours). 7.8.

The. Diametric prrjare. sjica lgrrrectca tq racaa Ail SUCh rr-mcr rtntYitntifaMA 'Engagements by too sigrUturS, oi both I wiles'. BIRTHS BRIERLEV. On March 8 at Loma Lodge Nursing Mr- J- SR1ERLEY (formerly Muriel Mitchell), a con HAWORTH.

On March 9. ot Ashton-on-Merse? to KATHLEEN and HAROLD HAWORTH. a son. (Both well.) Evergreen. 114, Moss lane.

Ashton-on-Mersey. RICHLEY. On March 7. at St Mary's. Manchester.

to JOAN (nee Brown" end NOEL BICHLEi, Blade Hall. Manchester 13. twin daughters. (See deaths) VALOIS. On March 6, at Blacltheath, to DOREEN and MAURICE VALOIS.

oi PiltenalU Acton Bridie. Cheshire, a son ENGAGEMENTS CAPSTICK ROCERSON. The engagement Is announced between HUGH VLADIMIR, son of Mr. and Mrs. II.

p. CAPSTICK. of Manchester, and MARGERY, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. J.

ROGERSON. of Manchester. ELS PON BRA1THWAITE, The engagement It announced between JAMES only son of the Jve Di. and Mrs. a.

D. ELS DON. of Bramholl, and B3TTY, younger daughter of the late Major BRAITH-WAITE and of Mrs. A. Braithwaite.

of Eccles (late of Preston). LAMB BALL. The engagement is announced between JOHN FREDERICK COORTENAY LAMB, only son of Mr. and Mrs F. C.

Lamb of Bowdon. and VALERIE MARGARET CRAVEN BALL, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. F. Ball of Wilmslow.

SAUNDERS SMITH. The engagement la announced between ROBERT, younger son of Mr. and Mrs. T. SAUNDERS, St.

Florence. Tenby, and ALICE MARY, only daughter ot Mr. and Mrs. Q. T.

SMITH. Tower Hill House, Ralnow, Macclesfield. MARRIAGES AN AVI BEHAR. On March 10. at Barranouilla.

Colombia. ALBERT, eldest son of Mrs. ANAVI and the late Mr. I. Anavl.

of West Dldsbury. Manchester, to LOLA, daughter of Mrs. BEHAR and the late Mr. Behar. of Cuba.

HALLAM BIRCH. On March 2. 1946, at Windsor. Major A HALLAM, R.A.O.C.. to HOSE HOLCOMBE BIRCH.

REUHAW COOPER. On March 9. 1946. at St. James's, Birch-ln-Rusholrae, by the lier.

J. E. Tates and Canon Horner. SYDNEY JAMES, youngest son of Mrs end the late Mr. B.

G. RENSHAW. of Busbolme to IRENE (Blllle), daughter ot Mrs. and the lata Mr. COOPER, of Loncsight.

ROIEHTHAL WILIOM. On Much 9. 1946. at St Uarys Cnarcri. Plrrillco.

Ueat. JflCHAKt, DAVID HOLMES ROSENTHAL son of the late Rer. G. D. of Birmingham, and Mrs.

Rosenthal, of 36. Thornton Road. Cambridge, to MARJORIE MARY, elder daughter oi Mr. and Mrs. A.

H. WILSON, of Marlanglas. Anglesey. DEATHS BAKER. On March 7.

1946. at 5. Moseley Road. Fallowneld, HARRY (P.M city Lodge No 3999). the dearly loved husband of Eleanor stay BAKER Service at tha Manchester Crematorium on Tuesday March 12.

at 11 30 ajn. All inquiries to Messrs irnrfai Mllnfl and Co. BARRACLOUCH. On March 9. at bis residence.

Croft Bans, Castle ton Rochdale. Alderman JOHN ASH WORTH BARSACLOUGH in his 80th- vear. husband of the late Isabelle Barraclough, Committal at Rochdale Crematorium at 11 30 a m. on Tuesaay, March 12. All Inquiries to Messrs.

T. Robinson. BailUe Street. Rochdale Tela. 2968 and 2363.

CLAYTON, On March 6, St Stavelelgu, Thomneld Avenue. Asbton-under-Lyn. and late of Old Traffofd. CLARA ANN CLAYTON (Auntie), in her 76th year. Interment at Stretford Cemetery on Tuesday.

March 12, at 12 30 p-m. Inquiries to J. K. Kenwortny. TeL ASH.

1902. OYSOH. On March 10. 1946. at 2.

Acresfleld House 109. Park: Road. Tlmperley. Cheshire. MARY HELEN, the beloved wife of Harry DYSON, In her 45th year.

Service at toe Manchester Crematorium pn Thursdar. March 14. at 1 30 pjn. No flowers, by request. Inquiries to Worthington's.

Altrlncham. Tel. 1248. GREENWOOD. On Maru 9.

ETHEL MARIE Gate fLjnje Lea. Cbeadle Huhne). Funeral at Stoctoort Crematorium cm Tuesday at 11 a-m No flowers HOqvO. On March 9. 1945 at 44.

Wilmslow Road. FsUowfleld, ANNIE MARIA. youngest dinghteT of the late James HOLROTD. ot Leeds! and sister ox the late Lacy Plammer inmiirt Messrs. KendaL Mime and Co HOW ABB.

Kin March 7. at Dwallla House. St Asann Joseph HOWARD, late or 188. wmSham Road. Fallowfletd.

beloved husband of the late Dinah Howard. Interment at Gontbera Cemetery this day (Monday) at 2 pja Road Ravtemtall ELEANOR, tin. dearhr hrlnvMi wife of 8tenhen HOWARTH Interment on Tuesday. Hards 12. 1946, at 2 run at St.

Hlcbolas's Church. Nfwcbardi Ho flowers reaaett MACDDNALD. On March 10 1946. In a mrrsma home at Buxton, GEORGS MILLER MACDONALD. of Beaton Moor, in his 81st year, eldest son of the late George and Hannah Maedonald.

Service on Tuesday at Willow Grove Cemetery. Reddish, at eleven-thirty o'clock. No Sowers. Inquiries to Mr G. Ban.

Tel 2131 MONROE. On March -9. Strathdene, Irlam Road. FUxton. ANNE DOUGLAS, daughter of the late Daniel MONROE, of Edinburgh No letters, please TnnirtrlBi to Smlthlll and Sons.

Tel TJBM. 2316 Pnntad asd Published by JOHN SOOTT. for AMERICANS AND MR. CHURCHILL Continued from page 4 Tories who strengthened the Nazis as part of their anti-Soviet crusade" a judgment with which Mr. Henry Wallace announced he was "in full accord." There is general agreement in Washington, however, that Mr.

Churchill is correct in his three observations that Russia wants not war but the fruits of war, that she has been gathering them independently of Allied, agreements, and that nobody outside Russia knows the intended limits of -this expansion. Ihere-: is regret earjrressed iitat Bossut might belli iSS.fidsc, Mb.