The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 6

of 1 THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, MONDAY, MARCH 11, 1946 THE BOLTON DISASTER Attending to the injured on the Bolton football ground after two barriers had collapsed under the weight of the crowd. "WORSE THAN BEFORE MUNICH" Cardinal Griffin and Peril 'in World Affairs Cardinal Griffin, the Archbishop of "We ask whether it is in the cause Westminster, addressing a large con- of peace that constant attacks should gregation in Westminster Cathedral be made on existing Governments and yesterday, said he was not unduly why there exists an organised camif he stated that world paign to sow discord and hatred among apprehensive peace-loving people. I am sure we all affairs were in a more perilous want to see the countries of Eastern position than before Munich. Europe given their freedom and inIt is perhaps not without signifi- dependence. This means that they cance," he said, that the Holy See and enabled to hold free and unthis country are being subjected to fettered elections, that the secret police attacks and false propaganda from the should be removed, and that the iron press of a country which did magnifi- curtains separating Eastern and cently in the war and from which we Western Europe should be eliminated." had hoped so much in the cause of Referring to a meeting he had with peace." The Church and the British General Anders a short time ago, nation stood for the freedom of the Cardinal Griffin said: He and his individual man.

Both were determined Polish Army fought alongside our men, to uphold the dignity of man; both fought valiantly and with great courage. desired justice, truth, and charity to I am sure the people of this nation will enlighten world, politics. But we are not allow them to go unhonoured. alarmed one peace 66 From most reliable sources we learn country after another is being subjected of a bitter persecution against Catholic to attacks from outside. bishops, priests, and laity in many parts Further, we are disturbed in our of Europe.

We also know of thousands own consciences when we receive who are fleeing from the hands of the reliable reports from many countries persecutors. I know that we which fought with us in the war which can rely on all men of goodwill to do show that these countries are still in all in their power to put a stop to such fetters and under the domination of a horrible foreign Power. We ask why is it All countries must unite to secure impossible for these unfortunate coun- world peace and security. Every man tries to receive the freedom and woman of goodwill could help in this independence, for their which gallant they heroes fought laid great doing, and work. each But one they in his must own be way up must and down their lives.

be prepared to take his part. OUSTING FRANCO Russians Talk of Appeal to U.N.O. The presidium of the All-Union Central Council of Soviet Trades Unions has passed a resolution asking the Soviet Government "to use its influence in U.N.O. for an appeal to all democratic countries to end the conciliatory attitude to Fascism in Spain, immediately to break off diplomatic, economic, and all other relations with the Franco ment, and to take practical steps for the liquidation of Fascist reaction in Spain." The resolution describes Spain as a refuge for war and adds Only the liquidation of Franco's bloody regime and Spain's return to democracy can really remove the danger to general peace presented by Fascism in Spain." The newspaper quoted by Reuter, describes the British, American, and French declaration or. Spain as a step forward still entirely inadequate." The paper called for concrete measures without further delay" against the present Spanish regime.

It said: It is opportune to recall that at the Potsdam Conference the Soviet Government proposed to recommend to the United Nations to break off all relations with the Franco Government It proposea also to help the Spanish democratic forces and give the Spanish people the possibility of creating a regime corresponding to its own will. It is hardly possible to doubt that the acceptance of the Soviet proposals would have contributed in many respects to the liquidation of Franco's tottering regime. However, these proposals have not been accepted. It is clear to everyone that the British, American, and French declaration will not persuade Franco to part with his cosy place in Madrid. Experience has shown that the language of persuasion does not reach Fascist dictators.

Consequently there must be real measures directed at overthrowing Franco. But here from the depth of the years arises the old spectre of non-interference in Spanish affairs. The principle of non-interference most of all suited Franco himself in the past and also in the present. The Spanish people and great masses of people in all countries are justly awaiting more genuine measures on the part of the democratic States. These measures must be taken without further delays.

M.P.s' DOUBTS ABOUT GREECE Drift to the Right More than seventy M.P.s have signed a statement on the Greek situation issued by the Union of Democratic Control expressing their doubts about the possibility of free elections at SO early date as March 31 as there is reason to fear that efforts to create an honest election register have been unsuccessful. Sophoulis Govern ent," the statement proceeds. a few months ago, was a genuine administration of the Centre. has drifted rapidly towards the Right. Both from British and -from the Greek point of view this anti-Democratic trend is full of danger.

The Metaxas policy is still favoured by the Fascist Royalist forces, who hope for an eventual clash between Britain and Russia--a clash which would be disastrous to Greeks, Russians, and British." All the M.P.s-signing the statement are Labour. Among them are Mrs. Braddock, Mrs. Barbara Castle (Parliamentary Private Secretary, Board of Trade). Mr.

Tom Driberg, Dr. Haden Guest. Dr. Somerville Hastings. Mr.

M. Orbach, Mr. D. N. Pritt, Mr.

J. PlattsMills, Mr. Evelyn Walkden, Mr. W. T.

Ellis, K. Zilliacus. Lord Faringdon has also signed. TWO MORE SHIP FIRES N.F.S. units quickly extinguished a fire, described as "purely accidental," in the Empire Trent at Birkenhead yesterday.

Within eight minutes of receiving the call they had the outbreak in a bunker out, but stood by for nearly an hour as a precaution. A fire in the aircraft-carrier Victorious at Devonport on Friday night was said to be purely mechanical and a minor affair." RUSSIAN CEREALS FOR in M. the Thorez, French Communist Government, Vice FRANCE President announced at a public rally in Paris yesterday that the Soviet Government had agreed to supply France with about 980,000 tons of cereals, according" to Paris Radio, quoted by Reuten 4 LANDING OF DUTCH TROOPS IN JAVA Action May Lead to Political Crisis From our Special Correspondent BATAVIA, MARCH 10. The arrival this week-end of several thousand Dutch troops at Batavia, Semarang, and Surabaya coincides with heightened political activity, including a reported protest by Dr. Sjahrir, Indonesian Premier, against the arrival of the troops and the occupation of Bali, the imminent announcement of the names of a new Cabinet," and the daily a awaited Indonesian reply to the Dutch constitutional proposals.

The indications are that the next few days will prove crucial and will decide whether official negotiations between the Dutch and the Indonesians can be conducted in an amenable spirit or whether the present stalemate will deteriorate into an armed clash. It is a month since Dutch declaration of poling, was presented by Dr. van Mook still the Indonesian attitude remains undefined. The British Envoy, Sir Archibald Clark Kerr, has used his best endeavours to get the parties together and has assisted at informal discussions between them. Even so, the Republican Government, possibly fearing repudiation by the extremists, hesitates to commit itself to a conference-table at which differences and doubts could be ironed Meanwhile the first outtage of the replacement of Indian divisions INDIANS' QUARREL WITH S.

AFRICA Sanctions Proposed From our Correspondent NEW DELHI, MARCH 10. The recent article from the "Manchester Guardian's" South African correspondent criticising the restrictive legislation contemplated by the South African Government against Indian residents of the Dominion, which has been given prominence in some Nationalist papers, has done something to impress India that opinion is alive to the dangers from the racial point of view of the policy of General Smuts's Government. The controversy comes at a singularly inappropriate moment when the British Cabinet mission is about to visit India with an offer which leaves the question of membership of the Commonwealth to her unfettered decision. overlooked Indian Nationalists have the sympathetic interest not with displayed by Australia and Canada regard to this country's food problem, but on the issue of the treatment of Indians in other parts of the which Commonwealth there is a sensitiveness cuts across political and communal differences. Two steps are almost certain to be taken by any central Government which the Cabinet mission may help to establish in April: first.

the consideration of what economic sanctions by India can prove effective against South Africa. and secondly, the raising of the issue of the treatment of racial minorities--Indians and indigenous races--by South Africa at earliest possible moment before the United Nations Organisation. Such investigation by an international body. the Nationalist leaders hold. would proper in view of South Africa's claim Africa.

for The the Viceroy absorption has of agreed we to receive a deputation of South African Indians, headed by the Aga Khan, this week in order to review the situation. FRENCH TROOPS TO LEAVE ANNAM Terms of the Agreement From Our own Correspondent PARIS, MARCH 10. French troops are going slowly from Haiphong, in Tongking, owing to the fact that the Chinese authorities have not got the quays at their disposal, so that they have to use two jetties. total number of French killed when the Chinese, manning a coastal battery, opened fire on the fleet on Wednesday was 29, while 93 were wounded. The first contacts between the newly arrived French and the Government of Viet Nam appear to be cordial.

French cpinion, which did not at first seem to appreciate the great importance to France morally and politically of the agreement recognising the Republic of Viet Nam, is now waking up to it. It is certainly a triumph for M. Moutet, the Socialist Minister of Colonies. The agreement, it is now stated. provides, amongst other conditions, that in no case will Japanese forces be used for maintenance of order, and also for the progressive withdrawal of French troops over a period of five years, This does hot, of course, necessarily imply the withdrawal of French troops from the non-Annamese provinces of Indo-China--that is, Cambodia and Laos.

4,000 VACCINATED ON LINER Service men and women in the liner Orontes, which has a case of suspected smallpox on board, will be allowed to go Southampton- home, when they are to-day-instead landed at of going into quarantine, Vaccination of all on board sixteen doctors is proceeding while the liner is anchored in mid-stream. The passengers are 3.689 troops, ten R.A.F. men, 56 W.A.A.F.s. an E.N.S.A. party, a few ex-prisoners, and a number of civilians.

all from the Far East. When they reach their homes they will have to keep in touch with their local medical officers of health. AMERICANS AND MR. CHURCHILL Tories who strengthened the Nazis as part of their anti-Soviet with which Mr. Henry Wallace announced he was "in full There is general agreement in Washington, however, that Mr.

Churchill is correct in his three observations Russia wants not war but the fruits of war, that she has been gathering them independently of Allied agreements, and that nobody outside Russia knows the intended limits of this expansion. There: is some, written regret expressed that Russia might bell- TRIESTE OUT TO IMPRESS Boundary Commission Starts Its Work From our Special TRIESTE, MARCH 10. The Four-Power' Boundary Commission spent most of yesterday in protracted discussion on procedure and the methods of investigation. A issued this morning stated simply that the Commission had met and had conferred on its tasks. Correspondents were informed that the Commission would not issue communiques on the subject matter' of its investigations or provide any information to the press about its itinerary or procedure.

Neither the Commission nor individual members will give interviews nor are press photographers authorised. I It is interesting to note in view of this statement that correspondents of the Russian Tass Agency joined the Russian delegation at Belgrade and have remained with it since its arrival in Trieste. It is understood that the Commission intends to work throughout as a commission and that a representative of each country will take part in all investigations or interviews, FLAGS AND NO FLAGS Since Friday the outskirts of this city where the Slovene population lives have blossomed with Yugoslav flags and mural inscriptions which inform the reader that Venezia Giulia wishes to become the seventh republic in the Yugoslav Federation. There is also a fair crop of Italian flags bearing red stars in the centre, indicating Italian Communist sympathisers with the regime. The Italian Committee of National Liberation in Trieste, to which the Communists do not adhere, has instructed its supporters not to show flags but to trust in the obvious Italianness of the Correspondent city to impress the Commission.

Hence the greater part of the town, including the whole commercial centre and the class residential districts are, with few exceptions, entirely undecorated. Certainly these tactics represent a dignified and quite as effective a form of propaganda as the Yugoslav method, which along the main roads in the country districts runs to the blazoning of stencilled slogans on every single house and to the painting of inscriptions on the road every fifty yards. The newspapers of both sides publish carefully prepared messages of welcome to the Commission in four languages. Clearly everyone is on behaviour, SO that, barring a few broken heads resulting from clashes of rival demonstrations, the Commission's work is unlikely to be troubled by disturbances. YUGOSLAV COMPLAINT PRAGUE, MARCH 10.

General Velebit, Acting Yugoslav Foreign Minister. who is paying a short official visit to Prague, complained in an interview here on Saturday that the Allied Army in Zone A of Venezia Giulia is on the side of the Italians." He asserted that inscriptions the Slovene language in Trieste had to be taken down on. the pretext that they 64 make the town ugly." He said Slovene peasants had been put in gaol for putting up slogans like We the Yugoslav He also said that a considerable part of the Italian population would prefer to be under Yugoslav rule, and added that unless the town and harbour were both incorporated in Yugoslavia Trieste would be cut off economically from the hinterland and from Central Europe and So would be doomed because it could do 'The Times' 'Manchester Guardian' Service RUSSIANS COMPLAIN ABOUT U.S. NOTE TO BULGARIA Moscow radio on Saturday a statement by the Soviet Foreign Commissariat accusing United States of going against Moscow the Conference decisions on Bulgaria in the Note recently sent to the Bulgarian Government. The events leading up to this protest are these During the Foreign in Ministers' December the Conference Russians In undertook to advise the Bulgarian Government to include in the Cabinet two members of the Opposition who truly represented parties not taking part in the Government and who would work loyally with the Government.

When this had been done Britain and the United States agreed to recognise the Bulgarian Government. Negotiations for widening the Government failed. however, because of a dispute about the conditions for entering the Cabinet. The Bulgarian Prime Minister said that it was not a question of reconstructing the Cabinet but solely of including two representatives of the democratic groups outside the Government, and Moscow. he said.

had confirmed this interpretation. the United States political representaBut last week Mr. Maynard Barnes. tive in Sofia, handed a Note to the Bulgarian Government explaining Washington's interpretation. This was that the three Foreign Ministers discussed the questions in terms of opposition representatives with Parliamentary support and did not advocate the mechanical inclusion of opposition representatives.

The Note described the Bulgarian Government's interpretation of the Moscow decisions as incorrect. MR. CHURCHILL TALKS TO SERVICE CHIEFS A Washington Meeting WASHINGTON, MARCH 10. Mr. Churchill told American Navy, Army, and Air Force leaders with whom he had been associated during the war that the effective unity" of British and American military staff work is a precious possession which we have in common." He said: "This unity, whenever circumstances may require it--I cannot think they will do so in our lifetime, will be available to strengthen any joint efforts our Governments may order at some future period, I am certain our unity saved scores of thousands of lives, perhaps far more, and abridged the course of struggle as nothing else could have Mr.

Churchill praised General Eisenhower's joint European staff in particular as extreme perfection." General Eisenhower, introducing Mr. Churchill, said that in the course of their war-time association "there was never a single instance when full weight of the British Empire then I mean scraping the bottom of the barrel'was not available to an Allied operation once it had been agreed upon." Reuter. TODAY'S WEATHER Mainly Fair: Becoming Warmer Forecast for the 24 hours beginning 6. a.m. to-day General Inference A ridge of hich pressure extendInk south-east I from Scandinavia will malateln fair weather in most districts, but troughs of low pressure will rive local rain or showers in Ireland and Western Scotland.

It will be rather cold, with keen frost night and morning in England. but otherwise it will be rather mild. London, S.E, and E. England, and E. and W.

MidLight variable winds; mainly fair or Ane: cold night and with keen frost: becoming mild in afternoon. N.W. and S.W. and N. and 6.

Wales Moderate south -easterly or southerly winds: mainly fair; rather cold morning and night; mild in afternoon. N.E. England, N. Midlands, and S.E. Scotland Licht or moderate south-easterly to southerly mainly fair or One; rather cold night and morning.

with keen frost; becoming mild in the afternoon. S.w. and N.W. Scetland and Isle Man Fresh or strong southerly winds; mainly fair, but local rain or showers; mild. N.Z.

and Med. Scotland and Orkney and Shetland Moderate or fresh southerly winds: mainly fair; mid. Ireland: Fresh or strong southerly or south-westerly wind; Jons fair perlods; some showers; rather cold: becoming rather mild, Further Outlook Rate In Ireland. spreading castwards. Sna Moon Rises Sets Rises Sets 635 6 04 ...10 39 a.m.

3 11 a.m To 6 33 6 06 ...11 36 a.m. 4 16 a.m. For ETCET ten miles north of Manchester sunsct by 9 seconds, Pull Moon, March 17. Lamp-time for Vehictes 6 34 p.m.-6 03 a.m. MANCHESTER WEATHER PIKE METEOROLOGICAL SATURDAY, 9.

Weather summary for past 24 hours ending 9 p.m.: Blue sky all day, with frost and. tor in moraine. Barometer tendency Rising. Barometer, 9 p.m., millibars. 1,015.1 (30.042ln Shade temperatures Dry 9.

36.0; bulb, 9 p.m., 33.0; maximum. 46; minimum, humidity 9 61: humidity (percentare), 9 87. Rainfall (inches) trace: umshine Choura). 7.5. 10.

Weather for 24 hour ending 9 p.m.: Blue sky all day, with In moring and frost In morning and evening. Barometer tendency Rising. Barometer. 9 p.m. milibars.

1.018 5 (30.143in.). Shade tempers ares Drs bulb, 9 36.5; dry bulb. 9 p.m., 35.1. maximum, 46: minimam. 27: humidity percentage).

9 66: humidity (per9 p.m., 79. Rainfall (inches), 0.004: sunshine (hours), 7.8. The. civen is, to latitude and STOP-PRESS NEWS Ten young men were arrested in Dublin during the week-end. will probably appear before They the Special Criminal Court to-day charged with subversive activities.

ing British troops) by Dutch forces was talions reached of Netherlands -yesterday when Indies four infantry, battrained in Malaya, disembarked at Batavia. As recently stated in India and in London, the Allied intention is to withdraw British and Indian troops gradually as the situation warrants, handing over to the Dutch and completing the withdrawal within five months. It is apparent that the Allies held their hand thus far hoping that some settlement would be reached by now and that the Dutch would return with the consent of responsible Indonesian leaders and would co-operate with Indonesian forces to restore law and order. This hope was not fulfilled, Therefore the Allies decided that it was impossible to defer action any longer. The Indonesians must now realise that Dutch suzerainty, which is recognised by the United Nations, cannot be thrown off immediately.

The most vital problem before the Allies to-day, however, is how to discharge the task laid upon them by the High Command--namely, to evacuate 70,000 Japanese prisoners of war from the interior of Java and to secure the release of 35,000 Dutch and Eurasian internees at present in Indonesian camps. Both these objectives have been blocked so far by the disturbed conditions in the interior and the inability or refusal of the Indonesians to allow the disarmed Japanese and the defenceless internees to proceed towards the Alliedheld zones. matter is now engaging the urgent attention of the Allied Command. 'The Times' 'Manchester Guardian'Service EVACUATION FROM THE LEBANON Complete in a Year From our Special Correspondent PARIS. MARCH 10.

The French and British military experts who have been discussing in Paris the evacuation of Syria and the Lebanon have decided that the evacuation of Syria is to be completed by both armies by April 30; that the British will leave the Lebanon by June 30, and the French will leave by April 1, 1947. The announcement on Syria was made early last week, and' that on the Lebanon on Saturday simultaneously in London and Paris. The Quai d'Orsay explains that the British have little but troops to evacuate from the Lebanon and these they can move southward into Palestine. The French must evacuate by sea, for which their shipping must be found. Also during 25 years' presence in the Lebanon they shops have installed permanent workand facilities, as much as possible of which they wish to evacuate, There are 9,500 British and 8,000 French troops (including about 4,000 Troupes or native levies) to evacuate.

The French will seek to meet Lebanese wishes for speedy evacuation by arranging their withdrawal in three phases. A thousand men will be evacuated by March 31. By August 31 troops and material in the interior will be concentrated on the coast. and Beirut itself will be evacuated except for skeleton services. the command and the bulk of troops moving to Tripoli.

In the final phase. which is to end not later (but, if possible, earlier) than April 1 next year, evacuation of French troops and material and demobilisation of the Troupes will be completed. "The Times' 'Manchester Guardian' Service WINNING THE PEACE International Women's Day Appeal International Women's Day, was celebrated in Manchester yesterday at an enthusiastic demonstration at the Houldsworth Hall, at which the Lady Mayoress (Mrs. Hugh Lee) presided and welcomed to the platform representatives from 10 different countries. Among them was Mme.

Lucienne Chaussinand the secretarv of the Union of Frenchwomen in Paris, who lost her husband in the war and herself toiled for nine months as a slave worker in the salt mines near Magdeburg. In an intense but restrained and moving address. Mme. Chaussinand described the suffering of the French people during the occupation. No fewer than a million French children.

she said. died during the occupation of under-nourishment; since October there had no distribution of potatoes, and they had only just enough bread to eat; and apart from all the numan suffering, two million buildings had been destroyed. The French did not wish to return evil for evil, but they could not forget all the crimes that had been committed against them and they therefore insisted that the Germans should contribute towards the rehabilitation of their country. Mrs. D.

N. Pritt, the principal speaker, said that all over the world to-day there were still millions homeless, hungry, grief-stricken people. of Britain had had compliments paid to them because of their war efforts, but they must now secure the right to taken a full part in winning the peace. They were all tired, but they must rise above their tiredness because the whole of the future and particularly of their children- depended upon what they brought to it. Women's special task was to see that U.N.O.

became the powerful instrument was designed to be. In our own country there were two million more women than men, and they could not make their infuence felt there was something radically wrong. embroiled If they found themselves again in war they would only have themselves to blame. Among others who addressed the meeting was Professor Adda Corti, of the Union of Italian Women, and a musical programme was provided by Miss Myrtle Hurry, Mme. Eisler, and the Y.W.C.A.

choir. Continued from page 4 gerently, assume that the Western Allies wish to limit her to the 1939 boundaries. But the State Department and the American United Nations delegation, having had injections of courage from Mr. Bevin and nOW from Mr. Churchill, are wondering how to translate their bold protests to Russia into a practical and creative policy.

Mr Churchill has at least made them uncomfortably aware of the growing popular suspicion in the United States that, in the phrases one hears in offices and homes, this is where we came in" and "It's 'later in the -nineteen thirties- than you Molotov has received message from Mr. Qavam es Saltanch the Persian Premier, promising At my efforts to strengthen mutual relations between our countries," Moscow radio reported to-day. THE BUTLER ACT Teachers' Responsibility The Soviet statement now protests that the United States Note made no mention that it was agreed in Moscow that Opposition representatives must enter the Bulgarian Government mutually acceptable conditions; that the United States Note infringed the Moscow decisions by putting forward new conditions regarding the participation of Opposition Ministers in the Government and that the United States Note was a unilateral action taken without consultation of the other interested powers. The Russians also complain that Mr. Barnes is systematically inciting the Opposition to act against the Moscow SPANISH REPUBLICANS' AT CHORLEY The case of the 35 Spanish Republicans detained at Chorley (Lancashire) has been taken up by the Manchester Council of Labour, which has forwarded a resolution to the National Council of Labour demanding that urgent request be made to the Government for an immediate decision and clarification of the men's position.

Regarding these men as genuine democrats, the Manchester Council asks that they be treated as free men. About half of them wish to remain in Britain, and it is urged that they be given useful work and treated as refugees. Mr. H. Newbould.

secretary of Manchester Trades' Council, said that these men have fought Fascism for years and are unable to understand why the British Government treats them in much the same way as Italian collaborators. BIRTHS, MARRIAGES, 15, 6d. per line. All such announcements must be authenticated Engagements by the signatures of both parties. BIRTHS Home, to and March Mrs.

8 at Lorna Lodge Nursing Muriel Capt. J. L. BRIERLEY (tormerly Mitchell). EOD On March 9, at Ashton-on-Merse? Nursing Home, to KATHLEEN and HAROLD HAWORTH, a son.

(Both well.) Evergreen, 114, Moss Lane. Ashton-on-Mersey. On March 7, at 5t Mary's, Manchester. to JOAN Brown and NOEL RICHLEY, of Siade Hall, Manchester 13. twin daughters.

(See deaths) On March 6, at Blackheath, to DOREEN and MAURICE VALOIS, of Pikenall, Acton Bridge. Cheshire, son ENGAGEMENTS CAPSTICK- -The engagement 1s nounced H. between P. HUGH CAPSTICK, VLADIMIR. son of and Mr.

of Manchester, MARGERY, daughter of Mr. and ROGERSON, of Manchester. ELSDON The engagement 17- and Mrs. G. D.

ELSDON, of BETTY. nounced between only son of the Jere younger daughter of the late Major BRAITHWAITE and of Mrs. A. of Eccles (late of Preston). BALL.

-The engagement is announced between JOHN FREDERICK COURTENAY LAMB, only son of Mr. and Mrs F. C. Lamb of Bowdon, and VALERIE MARGARET CRAVEN BALL, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

P. Bail of Wilmsion. SAUNDERS- The enragement is announced between ROBERT. younger son of Mr. and Mrs.

SAUNDERS, St. Florence. Tenby. and ALICE MARY, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs.

G. T. SMITH, TOwer HIli House, Ralnow, Macclesdeld. MARRIAGES Op March 10. at Barranquilla, Colombia.

ALBERT. eldest son of Mrs. ANAVI and to Mr. I. Anavi.

of of West Didsbury, Manchester, LOLA, daughter Mrs. BEHAR and the late Mr. Bebar, of Cuba. On March 2. 1946.

Windsor. Major A HALLAM, ROSE HOLCOMBE BIRCH. RENSHAW- On March 9. 1946, at St. James's, Birch-In-Rusholme, by the Rev.

E. Yates and CADOD Horner, SYDNEY JAMES. youngest son of Mrs and the late Mr. G. RENSHAW.

of Rusholme to IRENE (Bille), daughter of Mrs. and the late Mr. COOPER, of Longsight, ROSENTHAL-WILSON. On March 9. 1946.

at 8t Mary's Church, Piratico. MICHAPL DAVID HOLMES ROSENTHAL of the Jate Ret. G. D. Roseathal.

of Birmingham, and Mr. MARJORIE MARY, elder deuebter of Mr. and Mrs. of 36. Thornton Road, Cambridge, to A.

H. WILSON, of Mariancies. Anglesey, DEATHS On March 7. 1946. at 5.

Moseley Road. Fallow HARRY (P.M City Lodge No 3999). the dearly loved husband of Eleanor May BAKER Service at the Manchester Crematorium on Tuesday March 12, at 11 30 All inquiries to Kendal, Milne and Co. On March 9. at his residence, Croft Bank, Castleton Rochdale.

Alderman JOHN ASHWORTH BARRACLOUGE In his 80th year. busband of the late Isabelle Barraclough, Committa! at Rochdale Crematoriam at 11 30 on Tuesday, March 12. All inquiries to Mesers. T. Robinson, Bailie Street.

Rochdale Tels, 2968 and 2363. On March 6, of Stateleigh, Thorneld Avenue, ANN (Auntie), and late of Old Trafford. year. CLARA CLAYTON in her 76th Interment at Strettord Cemetery on Tuesday. March at 12 30 p.m Inquirtes to J.

E. Kenworthy. Tel ABE. 1902. March 10, 1946, at 2.

Acrestleld House. 109, Park Road. Timperley. Cheshire. MARY HELEN, the beloved wife of Harry DYSON, in her 45th year.

Service at the Manchester Crematorium On Thursday, March 14, at 1 30 p.m. No flowers, by request. Inqutries to Worthineton's. Altrincham. Tel.

1248. On Marca 9. ETHEL MARIE (late of Lyme Crematorium on Cheadle Hume). Funeral at Stockport Tocoday at 11 No Bowers HOLROYD. March-9, 1946 444.

Road. danchter of Fallow the James ANNIE MARIA youngest and sister of the lite late Lucy Leeds. Messrs. Kendal, Milne and Co Plummer Inquiries to JOSEPH On March 7. st House.

St. HOWARD, of 188. Howard. beloved husband of the late. Dinab Interment at Boathero Cemetery this day (Monday) at 2 P.m Da March 107.

Newchurch Road ELEANOR, the dearly beloved wife March of 12, Stephen 1946, at 2 BOWARTE p.m 8t. Interment Nicholas's on Tuesday. at Newchurch No dowers by request home at Barton, in GEORGE 10 MILLER 1946. MACDONALD. of Heaton Moor, his 81ct Fear, son the late George and Hannah Macdonald.

Service on Tuesday at Willow Grove Cemetery, Reddish. cleren-thirty o'clock. No dowers. Inquiries to Mr G. Ball.

Tel 2131 MONROE- On March -9. Strathdene, Irlam Road. Fixton. ANNE DOUGLAS. daughter of the late Daniel MONROE, of No letters, please Inquiries to Smithills and Sons.

Tel URM. 2316 and Published by- JOHN for In his address to the County Association of Teachers at the meeting in Manchester vIl Saturday" Mr. Hugh C. Boll DIanchester), the newly elected pres.dent. said that during the war the standards of the secondary schools had 011 the whole been maintained, but only the expense of the children left the elementary schools.

The lowering of the standards in the elementary schools had been beyond question, Lack of staffing had led to larger classes, lessened scope for individual teaching, and the complete sacrifice of subjects and activities in one school if after another. And in staffing there had been such inconsistencies as sending a teacher with honours in economics to take girls' physical training. No new Education Act could compensate the children for the consequent losses. But the Education Act of 1944, if intelligently fulfilled. would be tite charter not only of the child and of the common man but of democracy.

There had, however, appeared considerable cynicism regarding the effective 1150 of the Act. Too many people were quoiing the experiences of the Fisher Act as the probable fate of the Butler Act. Teachers must combat and defeat this cynicism in whatever quarter they found it. The Minister of Education had refused to commit herself to ant date for the raising of the school age to sixteen. He believed there was no adequate reason why this should not be done in three years' time it the will to do so was as strong as it was concerning the adaptation of factories to war purposes and the training of the technicians for those factories.

The Lord Mayor (Councillor Huga Lee) and Alderman Wright Robinson (chairman of the Manchester Education Committee) welcomed the gathering to the city. PITS' MAN-POWER Sir Charles Reid Asks for 66 The Team Spirit" Sir Charles Reid, designate member of the newly formed National Coal Board. at a meeting miners' delegates in Durham on got Saturday, said he believed there were the machinery and the man-power in the pits to give Britain the coal she needed for internal purposes and to make some contribution to the export trade, provided that there were collaboration and comradeship between the management and men in each pit, and that every man put all he knew into his work. cut out restrictions, and bad A sense of responsibility, There was a time, before machinery came, when a man's absence at the coal face did not matter so much, for only his output was lost, but in mechanical mining all that had changed. Unless they got the team spirit and the men were determined to work full time we should never get the coal required." It had been asked in the House of Commons what owner or manager would send his son into the pits.

I can only reply that the only I have is in the pit. What is wrong with the pits It is a great life. There is comradeship underground that you do not get anywhere else. It is a man's job. There is hard work, I admit, but what is wrong with hard work? THE COUNTRY'S NEEDS Mr.

Arthur, Horner, production officer National Union of Mineworkers, at Chesterfield yesterday said 100,000 more workers were needed in the mines. The present output of 175,000,000 tons a year from fewer than 700,000 men and boys would not allow the expansion of industry required to find employment for men now workless and others who were being demobilised. Two hundred million tons a year was the most that could be expected from 700,000 workers, even with improved conditions and the expedited delivery of machinery, and that was the minimum required for the country's needs. Exports therefore could thought of when production became considerably more than 200,000,000 tons. AMERICAN STRIKE SITUATION A Slight Improvement From our own Correspondent NEW YORK, MARCH 10.

Tension on the industrial front has been relieved somewhat by last week's' agreement calling off the nation-wide telephone strike and by the appointment of a fact-finding study the demands of the railway' workers, which has automatically postponed a railway strike 36 days. continuing major strikes, however, and the threats of more, are still holding up full production. There appears no imminent hope for the settlement of the 110-day-old strike of 180,000 General Motors workers, which has already the cost the workers, the company, and indirect producers well over $1,000,000,000. The 175,000 General Electric and Westinghouse workers are still idle after 54 days. Some 250,000 workers are holding out for plants.

higher wages Four in hundred 700 steel thousand bituminous coal miners have threatened to walk out on April 1 if a new contract is not signed by then. ATTACK ON LICENSEE AND HIS WIFE The Manchester City police- are investigating an attack which was made by. two men on Saturday morning upon William Myerscough, licensee of the Marlborough Hotel, Upper Moss Lane, and his wife. Hearing a noise at the side door of the hotel Mrs. Myerscough opened the door.

and two men pushed their way in and demanded drink. She refused to supply them and put up her hand to push them out. One of them grabbed her hand and bit her finger severely. Her husband, who went to her assistance, was struck on the head with a spanner or iron bar. The men then rushed out and drove away in a car.

The death occurred at Bridlington yesterday. at the age of 92, of Mr. William Foster, founder and proprietor of the Bridlington Chronicle FINNISH PRESIDENT ELECTED HELSINKI, MARCH 9. Mr. Juho Paasikivi, who signed Finland's peace treaty with the Russians, was elected President of Finland by the Finnish Parliament by 159 out a possible 200 votes.

to He is 75 years of age. Mr. Karl Staalberg, a former President. received only 14 votes.Reuter. AND DEATHS two by the name ano address of the sender.

and in the Postage stamps or postal orders may be sent is DEATHS (Continued) On March 10, 1946. at 51, Di's on Didsbury, after 3 long liness, borne. MEGUERDITOH HARITOUN (Mock 77 years, dearly loved husband of Frances PANTIKIAN and father of Deran Server Armenian Church Upper Brook Street Mancheste: on Thursday, March 14, at 9 45 m. prior committal at the Mancar ster Crematariam 10. 30 a.m.

Inquiries to Messrs. Kendal, Mitre and Co. On March 9, 1946, ELIZABETH. years, of 2. Orange Hill Road.

Heaton Par the beloved wife of the late Willam Interment at St Margaret's Church, Prest 65 Wednesday, March 13, at 11 a.m. 10 8. Coope, Tel. PRE. 2713.

March 8, at 3, Grange Rood. Dater. port, Stockport, SARAH in her 82n0 year. dearly loved wife of the late James Wired PRESTON. Funeral st Stockport Crematorium day (Monday) at 12 30 No dowers.

request. 3736. Inquiries Barretts, Stockport. Tel 455. On Saturday March 9.

the Rosa. Indrmary. Manchester, after a long and iliness, MARY WILSON, dearly loved wife of POTIOCK. Funeral at Bury Parish Church ca Wednesday, March 13, at 2 15 pm. On March 3 1946, sudden.

LOUISA ANN, widow of Lincoln Campbell RAMBOTTOM, of 19, Rumford Street. Manchester 13 On March 7., suddenly, at St. Mars Manchester, JOAN, aged years, the treasured Rife of Noel RICHLEY and daughter of Dr. Mrs. C.

R. Brown, of Blade Hall. Manchester 13 Service at Manchester Crematorium 00 Tuesda March 12. at 2 30 p.m. -On March 9, at 10.

Wucott Road, THOMAS WILLIAM, busband of the late RUFFELL. Inquiries tel, Gatley 2682 SHEPHEARD. On March 4, in Greece, R5 the of an accident. Captain JOHN VAUGHA SHEPHEARD (R.A.M.C.), beloved husband Elizabeth and dearly loved son of the late W. F.

Shepbeard. of Chester, and Mrs. Wills Paterson Bowdon, Cheshire. SPARROW. On March 8, at the Manchester Rot Ind mars.

after an operation. LANCELOT WILLIAM. of the Waverley Hotel, Southport, 1 con of the late Dr Robert Lancelot SPARROA of Hollinwood, Oldham. Service at St. Jame: 5 Church, Southport, on Wednesday, March 13, 4: p.m., followed by interment at Cemetery at 15 p.m.

Inquiries and floners Boothrords. Ltd. Tel. Southport 4145. On March 8, 1946.

suddenly, at 2 ed Brunswick Road. Withinkton WALTER be husband of Lilly STROSS and father of an Emmy, Eve. and Bridget. Service at the chester Crematorium to-morrow 4 9 30 a.m. Further Inquiries to Messis James Broome.

Tels. ARDrick 2902 and Bramball 36, On March 4. at Torbay Hospital, after socident. ROBERT, beloved husband of Arr TAYLOR. Hillside, Bridge Road Torquay (ale Cremated at Piymouth Crematorium March 8 Please accept this (the only) inumat.on On March 9.

1945. NEILSON at TI. Washway Road Sale, ELSPETH of the late William TITTERINGTON, In her 91st year (late of Cutche: Lane. Newton Heath) Interment at F6 Cemetery on Wednesday. March 13 at trebe preceded by service at Holy Trinity Chur Jo 3 Fallsworth, at 11 30 Inquiries to Cheetham.

Tel. PAI 1941. On March 10, 1946. at Chelford Road, Knutsford an.c of Booth Corn Mi Ancoats, Knutstord, and Manchester. late of Price HERBERT.

Street Corn husband of Harriet WRIGHT. aged 75 Funeral Taylor and arrancements Son. 12 later. Tation All Street, IncL I 1 S. Tel.

Knutsford 195 March 9. The Old FAt It Greendeld. On MARIA. dearly loved wife nt Christ Herbert Church, Friezland her on Tuesday, Marco WRIGHT. in 84th sear.

Inter at 11 a.m. No Rowers or mourning. b. 1. Inquiries to Norman Broadbent.

Ltd, Tel. Saddle worth 277 The RaY. S. B. M.A., and Daughters 5 thank their many friends and and letters o- their Goral tributes, also tr dolence received during their Dean sad for their cels'.

Joss, Archdeacon and Rural ministrations. St June's Rectory, of the late JOSEPE Collyburst. WILLIAMSON Sisters desire to thank all CHARLES also the Master and and brethren friends, of Wilton Lodge No 1077 for beautifal floral tributes of sympathy an received during their Road sad bereavement 12. Chatsworth IN MEMORIAM memories of 1943: JOHN P. Many happy BAMFORD.

who died March 11. 47. MARGARET, Grange Park February Road. 15. Blackies memory R.N.VR.

Leading of HM ARTHUR BROOKS FIRTH. his lite the Battle destroyer Harvester, who 1943. dearly loved of the Atlantic on W. A Firth and brother only son of Mr. and of Mary and Lena.

37. Kensington Street Hyde. Cheshire ol steadfast remembrance In CLIFFORD (Pilot March Oncer. 10 R.A 1943. PV dearly loved OD." Dying accident 100 of Tom and Maud SALISBURY 49.

Alexandra Road South the MANCHESTER GUARDIAN EVENING 19464 NEWS r-.