The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 4

4 THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN TUESDAY JANUARY 4 1955 Books of the Day THE GREAT REBELLION By Maurice Ashley PUBLIC CONSTRUCTION CORPORATION PROPOSED FOR BUILDING Alternative to Nationalisation of Industry WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE jjf PLASTIC BELT 1 nn vnrvune LCAintK umviinij WLt! 1955-BOOKS from the his own servant. The Great Rebellion. The King's Peace, 1637-1641. By C. V.

Wedgwood. Collins Pp. 510. 25s. The creation of a public construction industry suffers from a lack of pre- planning and a reluctance to promote research.

He believes that the construc- devoted, if least valued, But. as Miss Wedgwood Charles never said, and never realised, that his "were also the logical out Vjfi4gS It it revolutionary explodes SSSgggsWk. established ideas about belt drives corporation to carry out all new building work and major alterations costing more Connoisseurs of seventeenth-century nerhaoT' "'SSFwcSfc 5. Ratios above 20 1 speeds up to history have long been awaiting Miss sull'erings fy nrn n.nnnnU I an rv, 1 mre ic come of the political error" as v.ell as icsuit.ivt: jj are aaoptea dy short centre drives with the pulleys improving the efficiency of the building almost touchine: startinir sIid nil: industry, which are outlined in a new employers and employees. Price rings, he I says, control the manufacture of most building materials, "and the normal pro- cedure for any building project is highlv i 33S virtually no stretch shock loads Wedgwood's book on the Civil War.

It was at first believed that her intention was to write a volume comparable with her admirable and, indeed, indispensable study of the Thirty Years War, but what she has now given us is a book a little incomplete and unsatisfactory in of his sin." So far as delineation character is concerned Miss Wedgwood prepares the ground for the tragedy of Charles I. She exposes the weaknesses and the strength of the King in a way which Fabian pamphlet, Policy for the Building Industry," by Kenneth Albert. uct tne jacxs now oy wrnmg jor xms FREE ILLUSTRATED BROCHURE which includes full details on "How to deslen a Miracto Drive." win tiardly commend itself to her itself, and dealing not so much with the Royalist readers and by a close examina tion of the policies pursued by King an engineer and surveyor. Mr Albert seeks to provide a national policy for the industry which is an alternative both to nationalisation and to leaving well alone. First he sets out the main factors which he believes to be responsible for the present inefficiency of the industry.

mi STm'J IRA STEPHENS LIMITED causes 01 the Civil War as with its prologomena. The book opens, as is the fashion these days (or should one say it is a reversion to the first chapter of Macaulay's History of England? with Charles and his counsellors in Scotland and Ireland indicates the mistakes that brought about the Civil War. She is less sympathetic to Laud than to Strafford, but she gives a clear and i i These include the too frequent changes of Government policy for capital invest a broad survey of the social and pollu useful portrayal or the strategy and cal structure of England in the summer tactics cf John Pym and of the motives of 1637. We are then given an excellent and ambitions of the principal figures and absorbing account of the back- in Scotland and Ireland. Indeed, she is WHITELANDS ASHTON-U-LYNEj Wen RiAnj Afenu Elliot Hillii Soni Llmlttd.

Please send, without obligation, the Stephens Miracto Belt Drive brochure. No. 108 FIRM'S NAME ADDRESS ATTENTION OF POSITION van expensive ana adds large overneaas to anv scheme." As a first step in reorganising the building industry. Mr Albert rejects a number of suggestions, such as a building labour board, complete nationalisation, directly employed labour, a register of contractors, and the nationalisation of all building firms. He argues that a public construction corporation carrying out most building and civil engineering capital works alone satisfies the particular needs of an industry, in which 963.600 operatives are emploved by 122,800 general builders.

Responsibility of One Ministry He proposes that the Ministry of Works, alone among Government Departments, should be responsible for all building works. The traditional relationship between building owners and their professional advisers should remain unchanged, but the professional institutions should be open to anyone having the required technical standard. The proposed public construction corporation should operate through construction units, having independent status and freely co-operating among themselves. A separate plant division should be formed to control all building and public works plant and mechanical aids, and a central purchasing division should be formed to make bulk purchases directly from manufacturers. A building research organisation should control and stimulate research, standardisation, and the preparation of codes of practice.

Repair and maintenance work, and smaller new works, should be carried out by private enterprise or by building workers directly employed by the building owner. Finally, the workers themselves should have a fairer deal. They should be Daid for travelling time from the depot to the site, and for the time when work is held up bv the weather if they are available and ready for work. He also urges some relaxation of union restrictions on craft working. Collet's Bookshops an-nounce a new list of books from the Soviet Union to be published during 1955.

Authors will include: Tolstoy Gorky Pushkin Via nova, I Filatov ment in buiicting works, and tne tact that Government building work is the responsibility of several departments, each with its own contract conditions, design, and specification standards and administrative systems. One of the principal causes of inefficiency, he maintains, is the poor morale within the industry itself, the result of the failure to improve working conditions, and the absence of close co-operation and consultation between workers and management. Building work is frequently casual, the workers sufEer lack of pay in bad weather, and enjoy none of the advantages of factory workers. Perhaps for this reason the number of apprentices entering the industry is far below what is needed. Lack of Understanding Morale in the industry is further deore-ciated, according to Mr Albert, by the entire lack of mutual confidence and respect between the two distinct groups in the industry, the building owner and his technical advisers on the one hand, and the contractor and his operatives on the other.

The former regards the contractor as an inferior, who is technically backward, and the contractor looks upon the architect as an autocrat with little knowledge of practical constructional problems. In general Mr Albert believes that the ground and causes of the Bishops' extremely good on the complicated Wars with Scotland and an analysis of political history of Scotland, for which Strafford's policy for aiding the King in she has discovered some new material their later stages. Miss Wedgwood is in the General Register House at especially strong on Strafford she Edinburgh. On the other hand, she wrote her first book about him and has might perhaps have allowed herself fortified her knowledge by a recent more space to explain the structure study of the Strafford papers belonging and interests of the. leaders of the City to Lord Fitzwilliam which, have since of London.

For London then dominated become available. She makes clear that England even more than it does to-day Strafford welcomed his trial because and the policies of the City magnates he believed (rightly) t.hat he could beat and the organisation of the City mob Pym at his own game, and when Pvm were critical factors at every stage of turned to the harsher instrument of the the Civil War and during its Act of Attainder welcomed martyrdom beginnings. because he thought that by his death Her entertaining book, written with he might save the Throne. In fact once charm and grace, sets the picture. It the Commons had tasted blood the is to be hoped that she will enjoy the Revolution was accelerated King opportunity to complete the bold Charles's own death upon the scaffold project that she has begun with so followed naturally from the death of much distinction.

JINNAH By Stephens Jinnah Creator of Pakistan By Hector Miss Jinnah, the possessor of the private Bolitho. Murray. Pp. 244. 18s.

political papers, and the only person The man who brought Pakistan into qualified to tell much about her being, an independent country of brother's early, obscurer years. As a more than 80 million people, certainly the 13 Ti It may well be, however, as he sua- needed a biographer. It is six years gests (p m) that Jinnah WM temper since Quaid-i-Azam Jinnah died and mentally undisposed to write or speak although some in Britain may remem- self-revealingly, and that a biographer ber him as just one of India's many enjoying generous "access to sources" contending politicians, he ranks, 011 would be faced with numerous gaps. what he achieved in 1946-8, among the Making allowances for these perhaps international figures of this century a double limitaH Designs to meet the demands of modern display are expertly executed by skilled and experienced craftsmen. Let us prepare a scheme and estimate for your requirements.

A point worth noting the Arthur Wardle Croup incorporates Building, Decorating and Electrical Engineering Departments which are able to carry out these works in conjunction with shopfitting. Obituary MR R. O. HERPORD There will be books on Soviet science and medicine, Russian Classics, Philosophy and Political Science, Education, Ballet, Painting, and many other aspects of life in the U.S.S.R, munition making fuses, shells, turn-buckles, etc. involving all the problems incidental to new nroducis.

new nrssse; new labour demands, and a great expan sion ot numoers or worKers. Maae a director in 1917. bv 1919 he was in charge of the whole production side of the business. About that lime was formed the little group of three men later increased DEANSCATE 524S 13 LINES) THE ARTHUR WARDLE GROUP, 30-32 ALBERTON STREET, MANCHESTER 3 to four that together managed the company for the next thirty years. In 1930 the business of Hans Renold i entered into a merger with the Coventry Chain Company and Brampton Brothers.

the group thus formed comprising some 6.000 emplovees as against the 3.000 oC Hans Renold, Ltd. But still the same closely knit little group was in charge, with copinq with a nenora as airector responsible for all the three manufacturing establishments. In peak demand for steam! nenora oecame managing director of Mr Robert Osier Herford, formerly managing director of the Renold and Coventry Chain Co. (now Renold Chains, Manchester, died suddenly in Buenos Aires on Sunday during a visit to the company's overseas agents. He was 66.

Mr Herford joined the business of Hans Renold, in 1909. In 1919 he became works director and in 1931, after the merger with the Coventry Chain general works manager of the Renold and Coventry Chain Co. He was appointed managing director in 1944, and retired from executive service in 1953, but retained his seat on the board. Sir Charles Renold writes Robert Osier Herford had played a leading part in the development of the Manchester engineering business now known as Renold Chains Limited. At the aae of 21, equipped with an engineering diploma from the City and Guilds Technical College.

London, he joined the firm of Hans Renold Ltd. in 1909 as a graduate apprentice. He was in fact a nephew the founder, Hans Renold, but his rapid progress, and the ever-growing responsibilities that were laid on him, were earned by his own qualities. Before the contemplated three years' training had run its course he had been placed in charge of the cost office, then in process of reorganisation. From there he soon passed to the drawing office.

By 1914 he was responsible for all the technical aspects of a rapidly growing enterprise. With the war its own business of cycle and driving chains gave way to tne merged companies until his retirement 1953. Ho was still rlii-pi-inr at fhn iimo nation-builder someone whom his- Jinnah for us with surprising, some-tonans may have to mention with times brilliant clarity aloof, as in life, Bismarck or Cavour. but by no means inhuman a hard, im-The State which he created has pressive actuality immaculately clad, experienced crises but it exists, in fastidious, lonely having immense self-defiance of supposedly prohibitive facts confidence, application, and integrity, of geography and economics and of First the early phase of self-made suc-initial disbelief in its feasibility by cess as an advocate in Bombay the Hindus and most British. Few take marriage, tragically unsuccessful poli-it seriously," Mr Nehru felt able to say, tics for years as a supporter of Hindu-well on into the 1940s, except for a Moslem unity then disillusion, as a small handful of persons." How wrong result of the Congress leaders' conduct events proved him A main reason for at the All Parties' Conference in 1928 this was Jinnah's character but not withdrawal to England return, and the the sole reason.

That Pakistan has sustained campaign for Moslem separ-survived. in spite of loss of her creator ateness which culminated in the tremen-soon after her birth and of his chief dous events of 1947 during which he helper. Mr Liaquat Ali Khan, in 1951, overworked himself into his fatal Kl-and in spite of a continuing cold war ness. It is an enthralling story, and Mr with India and scepticism of ignorance Bolitho tells it with practised skill. about her prospects elsewhere, shows Great care has evidently been taken to that she was not the dream-child of seek accurate data from everyone who a contemptuously termed handful." had Jinnah's acquaintanceship.

Jinnah was the greater realist. Perhaps the outstanding impression is Mr Bolitho's biography, therefore, from of the tragic folly of those Congress its subject, is necessarily important, leaders who, by failure to respond to It can scarcely be accounted final, the Moslems' honest misgivings about however. Like much else connected with their future, caused a person of such Pakistan, it was done amidst strange pre-eminent talents as Jinnah to quit difficulties. The preface does not mention their company and seek his own ot his death. Please send for our new illustrated catalogue BOOKS FROM THE U.S.S.R.

free of charge from COLLET'S BOOKSHOPS 44 and 45 Museum Street, London W.C. i. The Qualities that made Herford a rtrcal Now that steam storage has been installed in this plant, peak demands can be provided for in advance. industrial administrator were mam and well balanced. Outstanding among them were a keenly logical mind and a genius for organisation a habit of looking all round a situation and of wide consultation before reaching a decision, combined with an inflexible performance once decision was reached and a strong sense of justice, tempered bv generosity in dealins with STEAM ACCUMULATOR Get to know more about the economies made possible fuel savings, reduced maintenance, increased production, steady pressures, less smoke emission.

Write for further information to staff. All these were backed by technical attainments of no mean order. He was in fact one of the essential architects of the present Renold Chains. Limited, with its world-wide ramifications. His great experience and sage counsel will be sadly missed by his colleagues on the board.

these there is a gentlemanly omission courses. But for that profound failure onbi But students of Pakistani affairs in tactics and psychology, partition of During the becond World War Herford was lent to the Ministry of Supply for two and a half years to take charge of inspection administration, for which services he will be aware that, contrary to expecta the subcontinent might never have been STEAM STORAGE LTD: LEEDS I. Telephone; 20 BAS1NCHALL STREET 2Z663 received the O.B.E. in 1945; called for. CHURCH BUILDERS Mr John Harvey gives students of MR T.

C. KEMP Mr Thomas Charles Kemp, dramatic critic of the "Birmingham Post" for twenty years, who died yesterday had been a schoolmaster, a librarian, and a lecturer on books and the theatre before settling to his chief work, which made him one of the leading dramatic critics of the country. He was fortunate in having not only the tions, he got no help whatever from THEATRES OF WAR In Five Ventures (H.M.S.O., pp. 257, 10s 6d), the late Christopher Buckley describes- some of the less-remembered episodes of the war the three-act drama of the Middle East summer of 1941 (Iraq. Syria, and Persia), Madagascar, and the Dodecanese.

All were difficult PEOPLE history and architecture a most valuable tool in his English Medieval Architects a Biographical Dictionary Down to 1550 (Batsford, pp. xxiv. 412, With the help, generously acknowledged, of expert collaborators, he contrives to assemble in Birmingham Repertory Theatre to write about but the Memorial Theatre, Stratford operations at the outset because of our a remarkably concise and well-docu- upon-Avon (of which he wrote a history chronic shortages of troops and war mented form all the known facts about with J. C. Trewin), as well as the important material.

As Commander-in-Chief companies which visited Birmingham on tour. He was a scholarly critic, but also a lively one, and not long before his last illness he was able to report to his readers on the Broadway stage and the realities The cheerful glow of the more than 1,300 medieval master-craftsmen masons, carpenters, engineers." And what a lot "is known about them It is fascinating to watch William Ramsey, one of the first exponents of Perpendicular, at work in St Paul's, and at Lichfield and Windsor, possibly responsible for building at Norwich and influencing the great works at Gloucester or a lesser on tiouywoon, wnose films he had a so Middle East Lord Wavell was in the position of the father of a family whose budget cannot be stretched to cover all the needs of his numerous offspring." That the first four ventures were successful was a considerable tribute to the British Army's genius for improvisation in the Iraq affair, for instance, R.A. fitters written about so judiciously. The literary columns of the "Birmingham Post" also owed much to T. C.

Kemp, especially for his considered reviews of theatrical books. ON THEIR WAY Iff RELY ON man, Richard of Winchcomb, combining MRS DELIUS BLACK reconditioned two ancient howitzers, with his activities in Oxford operations relics of the 1916-18 Mesopotamia cam- on a whole group of North Oxfordshire The death has occurred in Devonshire paign, sufficiently to discharge a few village churches. The indications of of Mrs Clare' Delius Black, the sister of 4.5in. shells which convinced the enemy social status, the wage rates, the evidence of travel are revealing. Some a reaenck the composer, and the writer a biography of him.

They came of a family of four sons and ten daughters of whom Clare was the seventh their father, Julius Delius. was a weaitny wool merchant, of Bradford. It was a musical home anri fljirp became an accomplished singer. She was of the later and more distinguished figures were evidently men of great versatility and energy. They were not only architects and masons but contractors and surveyors.

They invested in house property and quarries, and might even, like William Ramsey, rise to a coat of arms. It is a great merit of the book that it is more than a compilation. Even if Mr Harvey's conjectures do not always gain credence and if (as must needs happen in a work so detailed) inaccuracies come to light, it will be stimulating because the author looks at that heavy artillery had been flown in to Habbaniya. The campaigns in Syria and Madagascar involved fighting our former allies the French it may surprise some to-day to learn how bravely and efficiently they fought, particularly in Syria. No sooner had our forces advanced into Syria than the Germans cleverly withdrew their technicians," tourists," and advisers," whose numbers we had in any case overestimated, so that the French sincerely believed that there had been no danger of German infiltration and that they were therefore defending their territory against British aggression.

The book naiucu uy me greai iviarcnesi ana raised large sums for charity by her singing. She was held in great affection by Frederick Delius with whom for a time she lived in fans, bne was a woman of great, hpant open with the same Roman patrician profile as her brother, and great vitality and charm. In her youth she was a fearless rider to hounds and hunted with the Meynell and Pvtchlev hunts. She sunkp fnur lanpnarps his material with an architect's eve and is a useful reminder of. how important is ready to discern and connect traces of these half-forgotten operations were at individual style.

C. R. C. the time, and of the skill and bravery well and sang in seven and read Latin and Greek with her father-in-law, a distinguished classical scholar. Her Memoirs of my Brother," in which her daughter Mrs Margaret Vessey collaborated, was COKE fire GAZETTEER that were at least as evident in them as in the headlirfe battles of Europe.

J. G. published in 1935. She married the eldest son of Dr Charles Ingham Black, chaplain to Princess Alice, tne second daughter of Queen Victoria. MRS R.

I. STEYN Take the learning and scholarship that went to Chambers's Encyclopaedia, add a quite extraordinary faculty for compression and singling out the essentials, mix in touches of humour and even poetry, bring it so up to dale that the latest partition of Trieste is included, and that in the geographical field and MODERN CHESS In 100 Master Games of Modern Chess (Bell, pp. xiii. 171, 20s) Dr Tar-takower and Mr J. du Mont make a welcome addition to the chess-player's The death is reported by Reuters The modern coke fire is just the thing for the living room.

A built-in gas burner lights it without trouble. Some models are designed to keep in all night, some send out warm air as well as radiant heat. All are economical, burning little more than I cwt. of coke a week. for supreme dependability Vertical transportation presents problems which can be overcome only by experts.

We have over eighty years experience in the design and installation of lifts and hoists a fund of experience and know how' which is waiting-to serve you. FOR HOTELS OFFICES FACTORIES, INSTITUTIONS ETC from Bloemfontein of Mrs Rachel Isabella Steyn, widow of President Martinus Steyn, the Jast president of the Orange Free State. She was 89, and had the limits of one volume is Chambers's library. The operative word in the title is modern," for nearly all the WorM Gazetteer and Geographical Dic- oeen ut lor a long time. games are taken from recent tourna ments and the strategy and the annota Mrs Steyn, who was of pure Scottish descent, was married in 18B7 her husband became President in 1896 and died Cosy and constant warmth in your living uuuiiry w.

ana i-namoers, pp. vni. 792. 30s). the latest reference book from Edinburgh.

The articles have a common-sensical balance (Glasgow is noted for Hampden Park as well as for shipyards, cathedral, and university). There is (Bahrein must be remembered as the original home of the ttiib. inx years ago. at the age of 83. she flew to Holland to represent South Africa at Queen ilhelmina's eolden tions are based for the most part on current theory.

This does not mean that the games are examples of safe stonewalling and rather dull. On the contrary there is a certain liveliness throughout and many sparkling stretches of imaginative play once the jubilee. During the roval tour of South room is provided by the glowing comfort of the Africa in 1947 bv the late King George VI. i-noenicians as wen as lor ororiucin sne was too ill to attend a nublic function, so the Royal Family visited her privately. She- is survived bv her son.

Senator Colin Steyn. a former Minister nf Labour and "book" has been left behind. The une is guifled to pronunciation so annotations, too, are lively and instruc- beat, the B.B.C. to a correct live and will be most useful to novices ozczecm. A novel feature is that aeogra- and to those who are no loneer such.

Ph.lcaJ terms are explained fohn. Minister of Justice, and by four daughters All the great masters of to-dav are beaches, depression. But what BOOKS RECEIVED We have received the following books From Edaiir Leicester. METHODISM AND represented, but a remarkable and "eiignts is tne unexpected who would encouraging sign of the times is that "ot to. zVrlch after reading some of the most exciting and brilliant 01 tfl? 7ins' ffuif-trees, and corn nbv nrmo frvim ttio vnnni, nf crowding to the gates of the lake-shore TH fa ilKUlilLE OF THE WORKING CTLASSES.

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ana Marjone Meele. ill. still if the compilers had inserted small the chess books produced by this firm. open coke fire. It can be fitted with a back boiler to supply domestic hot water and to heat a radiator and towel rail.

Equally efficient is the continuous-burning coke stove fitted with doors, for use as an open fire or as a closed slow-burning stove. For other rooms, Mr. Therm offers hearth or wall-panel gas fires and portable fires. These give generous heat3 when and where required, immediately at the turn of a tap. For hall, landing or corridors, a flueless gas heater gives pleasing background warmth.

Your gas showroom will advise you on the best appliances for your home. cosy warmth by 1954 maps, as does M. Larousse. W. W.

From British Museum (Natural HEstoryl. FOSSIL From GeoITrcy Ciimherlcjie. THE AMERICAN the letterpress and the diagrams are a delight to the eye, and the proofreading has obviously been very carefully done. E. J.

P. 21 TAX PAID PEOPLE IN THE TWENTIETH CENTURY. Oscar Handlin. 30s (Harvard University TOTALITARIANISM. Ed.

Carl J. Friedrich (Harvard University Mr C. Day Lewis is the latest editor of The Golden Treasury (Collins Classics, on. 576. 6s1.

To Pal From Eitrlck Press PLENTY SALAAMS. Cathleen OdUULJ Lytic. QU. PLUS a further i per annum for fixed term making James Hole (1820-95) is known for anthology of lyrics he has his part in the Co-operative movement aout a third as many again, v.Q ranging from. Blake to Sidney Keves.

jFrom National Lfbrary of Wales. THE UNPUB' i i. ii ur dvain LLUiu, (jccit Price. From the President, Historical Society of Trinidad and i uuuku. ljju ianoDcan commissi on.

Port-ol-Spitn Trin dad. THE HH. TTIRTT Wcct rvinrce movement, and various nineteenth- He glves measure to the Victorians century reform causes. Mr J. F.

C. ang tnem some of the less familiar Harrison describes his career in James Poets t0 the later Yeats, and to the 3 MINSTER. Part I7B9-1R23. and i-d hu c.il 31 TAX PAID Williams. J2s 6d: DOCUMENTS ON BRITISH WEST w'lM "-ompuca ana ea.

by Hole and Social Reform in Vir.tnrinn win, ui our own Leeds (Thoresby Society, 16 Queen contemporaries. From Phoiofrraphv. GREAT PHOTOGRAPHERS. vol i. ouncnuzKy; voi.

u. rmz Heme, va each. From Piimnn. THE AUSTRALIANS AND oquare, jeeus, pp. is oaj, an excel- wmtaKer's Almanac.

1955 (pp 1,190 lent monograph on a minor reformer, 15s), contains new articles on the work-concerned not only with education but ines of local sovemmpnt anri nn tha BRANCH OF THE PITMAN FAMILY. Ed. David rack num. From PEttrln. OFFICIAL RECORD OF THE ROYAL SEND FOR BROCHURE HOW" soon can I get my money if I require ALLIANCE PERPETUAL BUILDING SOCIETY 31 Baker Street, London W.l vian ivj lu.ui,.

in. ys do. with housing and copartnership, and functions of Ministries and other public carrying forward into the age of Radical bodies. The photographs are an improve- From John Shcrratt Son. THE CHEMISTS' YEAR Background Gas Heater lyz-sa.

hps. From Stevens Sons. EXECUTIVE DISCRETION xveiuiiu a uiiliuik ui me vjweiiism in meni. on last years but still seem which he had been bred. He is also inessential to the value of the work remembered for his early advocacy of which is that of a quarry of varied and JUUIUAL LUMKUL U.

J. HltlUon. tZl 6d. From Thorebv Society. Leeds.

SOCIAL REFORM IN VICTORIAN LEEDS. The Work of James Hole, 1B20- issued by the Gas Council THE GAS INDUSTRY MAKES THE BEST USE OF THE NATION'S COAL railway nationalisation. accurate lniormation, not of an album iftso; j. r. t-.

itarnsoru 71 oa.