The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 5

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, THURSDAY, JANUARY 3, 1946 MISS ELEANOR RATHBONE AMMUNITION TRUCKS BLOW UP: TRAIN-LOAD IN DANGER 410s. MINIMUM REJECTED SHOOTING OF PRISONERS M.P.'s Sudden Death Farm Workers' Wage Eleven Soldiers Feared Dead RESCUE ATTEMPTS IN BURNING WRECKAGE ABANDONED Nuremberg Trial CHARGES AGAINST KALTENBRUNNER From our Special Correspondent Nuremberg, January 2. At the resumed hearing of the JEWS PLANNING TO GET OUT OF EUROPE? U.N.R.R.A. Chief's Belief ORGANISED MOVEMENT OF REFUGEES Their Aim to Reach Palestine FROM OUR CORRESPONDENT LATELY IN AUSTRIA it is hoped that the situation is in was concern over the traffic in illegal Lieutenant General Frederick Morgan, chief of U.N.R.R.A, operations in Europe, spoke in Frankfort yesterday of his belief that European Jews have "a positive plan for a exodus." This is the first official reference to a situation that for some time has been causing disquiet to the Allied authorities dealing with displaced persons and refugees in Germany and Austria. Evidence of organisation on a fairly I.irge scale became noticeable in Austria in October when Jews from Central Europe began filtering across the Austrian border and making their way into the British zone.

When questioned by British officials some of these Jews said that they were "on their way to Palestine," and they asked to be sent to British camps. In some cases they referred by name to the commanders of particular camps to which they asked to be sent. Some of these Jewish wanderers were also well supplied with money and two of them were found to have between them the equivalent of about 9.000 in various currencies. The general plan appeared to be that after reaching Austria these Jewish wanderers, would wait for some opportunity of going on into Italy where they would again wait for the chance of finding a ship to go to Palestine. Two aspects of this problem worried me omisn auinormes.

mere GENERAL MORGAN'S STATEMENT His Doubts About Polish Pogroms WORK FOR FAMILY ALLOWANCES We regret to announce the death of Miss Eleanor Rathbone, wnichJ occurred suddenly at her home in Hampstead Lane, Highgate, London, last night. She collapsed- while at supper and died before her. doctor arrived. Miss Rathbone, who was 73, had sat as Independent member for the Combined English Universities since 1929. Our Parliamentary Correspondent writes Eleanor Rathbone's was the strongest mind that any woman has brought to politics as a member of the House of Commons.

Take three of the most prominent women who have entered the House. Lady Astor's mind could move with a breath-taking swiftness that might illumine a subject or just as likely darken it. Lady Megan Lloyd George has a feminine alertness of mind superimposed on the paternal quick silver sha makes a mere male feel stupid. Miss Ellen Wilkinson is all courage and confidence. Eleanor Rath-bone's was a downright mind.

If feminists would not object, one would term it a masculine mind. Those who sat in the last House of Commons and heard her dress down Mr. Aneurin Bevan after ohe of his more virulent attacks on Mr. Churchill would nurw It was a piece of vehement denunciation packed into a couphv of minutes and such as no woman iias ever acmeveu tne ol commons. This downriehtness came from tho Clear nraCtical Vision nf khet wrnmnn snrl her complete intellectual integrity.

She had, too, what many men in politics have not got, a sense of the possible. Once, when the campaign for the internees was being waged with unusual vigour in tne early days of the war, she. who had done so much for the interneps warned tne Deoole behind the eamnaien that they were pressing too hard, that they would produce a reaction, and might alienate the Home Secretary (Sir jonn Anuersonj or get a- much less helpful one in his place. ne has a sure niche British social history for her part in promoting family allowances, and it is good now to think of the celebrations that were held only a few days aEO to mark her triumnh. A few days later, and then.

alas, it would nave oeen too late. Her other crusade lor me jews in raiesiine ana urone re flected the same strength of purpose that she had put behind family allowances. Right up to the Christmas recess she was urgently pressing the cause of the Jews in Europe both on the House and on the Government. SIXTH BY-ELECTION Miss Rathbone's death brings the number of by-elections now pending to six. She polled 6,992 votes at the general election, and Mr.

Kenneth Lindsay the other member elected, polled The majorities were 2,317 and 1,151. The four other candidates lost their deposits. Obituary notice on page 3 PERSIAN CRISIS Russia Wants "Friendly" Government From our Diplomatic Correspondent London, Wednesday Night. Sir Reader Bullard, the British Ambassador in Teheran, has informed the Persian Prime Minister, Mr. Hakimi, of what took place in Moscow when the subject of Persia was discussed.

After hearing this report Mr. Hakimi summoned a Cabinet meeting. Its outcome is not yet known in London. It is clear, however, that events are moving rapidly to a final crisis, animated by international as well as national conflicts. International disagreement over a solution for Persia became more sharply defined in the course of the Moscow Conference.

Within Persia itself the disintegration of Hakuni's Government has become more pronounced since the British and American Foreign Secretaries left the Russian capital. Only yesterday General Firuz. Minister of Roads and Communications, resigned in quick succession to the two Ministers who threw in their hands a day or so ago. These resignations may not be wholly independent of outside pressure. Whether this heralds the end of the present Government, and with it a complete change in the Persian attitude, may be known in a matter of hours.

There still remains a chance, a frail one, that a reorganised Hakimi Government, or even a new Government, might ask for a three-Power inquiry into the Persian situation on the lines that Mr. Bevin proposed. The possibilities of such a request being made, or of its having any practical value, will probably depend less on the state of affairs in Persia than on the urgency with which the Russians want to force the issue. Russia evidently would like not only to see Persia represented at the General Assembly of the United Nations by a friendly Government what that means recent history has shown in Eastern Europe) but to proceed with her policy of control in Persia. The odds, therefore, seem to be that real Persian independence is to-night more directly threatened than at any tune in recent days or months.

POLICE CHECK IN JERUSALEM Over 5,000 Questioned From our Special Correspondent 1 Jerusalem, January 2. A force of Palestine mobile police carried out a large-scale check of passers-by this morning in the busiest part of Jerusalem. Over 5.000 people were removed under heavy escort to a military detention barracks outside Jerusalem, where CT.D. officers checked "the identity' of detainees. All offices, shops, 'and restaurants were cleared in an area of two square miles.

The operation lasted over three hours, ending by the sounding of bugles. --The curfew in Jerusalem, imnosed on December 27 when bombs exploded -GUX heacV 011311613.1185 oeen relaxed ny two noun in -morning and evening- It win begin at 6 DJn. and end at 6 am. Hie Times' Vaocbcstcr GnaraWSqfee EARLY APPEAL TO MINISTRY From our Labour Correspondent London, Wednesday. The Central Wages Board for Agriculture, after a meeting lasting all day, announced this evening that the workers' claim for an increase in the national minimum wage had been rejected.

The workers had asked that the present minimum of 3 10s. a week should be raised to 4 10s. The decision 'came as a disappointment to the workers repre sentatives, even tnough tneir claims a number of minor matters were allowed. They may not have hoped that their full claim would De met. dui mey did exnect a considerable increase.

Speaking on tneir rtehau alter tne meetine. Mr. A. general secre tary of ths Agricultural Workers Union, saia they had stated mat they were totally dissatisfied with the national minimum position, and gave notice that they would ask the Ministry of Labour to set up an inquiry ine same way as it did for the dockers. They simply could not agree, he said, to men beine tied to the land at 3 10s.

a week, and they were also going to ask the Ministry of Labour to remove the Control of Engagement Order to allow men to leave the land, it was an im possible position, and they would ask tor a meetine with the Ministry of Labour as soon as possible. They interpreted a statement by tne Minister oi Agriculture in the House of Commons last month as implying that the industry would be so ordered as to allow of wages comparable with those in other industries. WOMEN'S WAGES AND OVERTIME HIGHER The farmers opposing the men's claim had said that they could not afford to pay such an increase at present prices. and the reason given by the independent members of the board for their decision, Mr. Dann said, was that they were not prepared to saddle the Government with responsibility for another 50,000,000, which was what they estimated satisfaction of the men's demands would cost.

With regard to-other points in the men's claim, the board recommended that the weekly wage for female workers of 18 and over should be increased by that the hours in respect of which the weekly minimum wage is payable for both male and female workers should be reduced to 48 all the year round, that overtime rates be increased to time and a Quarter on weekdays and time and a half at week-ends, and that the number of public holidays be increased from four to six. The women's increase brings their wage from 48s. to 50s. The overtime Changes mean an increase from Is. 7d.

an hour to Is. lOd. on weekdays and from Is. lid. to 2s.

2d. at week-ends. The present hours are 48 in winter and 52 in summer. The recommendations will now eo to the county agricultural committees for tneir ooservations, and tne nnai decisions will be taken by the Central Board on ieoruary 14. CIVIL SERVANTS' RISE IN PAY Consolidated Bonus The Treasury announced last night the conclusion of agreements under which the war bonus payable to non-industrial civil servants is consolidated with basic pay.

The agreements provide for increases uo to 120 a year. Before November 1 last, war bonus was payable to all adult salaried star! with basic salaries not exceeding 1,500 a year at the rates of 60 a year for men and 48 for women. Subject to special arrangements to avoid anomalies at those points in the basic salary scales where the rates of addition change, the consolidated additions for adults will be as follows MEN. Addition. Bulc stlirr below 400 78 Buic Mlirj 400-849 90 Bulc salirr aSO- 1.099 105 Basic tlnr 1.100-1.500 120 WOMEN.

Bulc nUrr bclov 320 63 Bulc salary 320-679 72 Basic aalan 84 Basic salary 96 The additions fall on a sliding scale above 1,500 (men) and 1,325 (women) and cease altogether at 1,700 (men) and 1,550 approximately (women). Mr. A. J. T.

Day. chairman of the staff side of the Civil Service National Whitley Council, said last night that consolidation was proposed by the official side and not by the staff side. "In accepting it, the staff side feels that not only was it making a good bargain for the Civil Service, but that the community was malting a good bargain for itself in the sense that this agreement gives powerful support to the Government's declared policy of achieving that stability not rigidity in wage-levels on which a stable orke-Ievel for the whole nation depends." 55,000 "DANGEROUS" NAZIS Interned in British Zone Some 53,000 Germans are, it is officially announced, now held in eight civilian internment camps in the British zone as a result of the British counterintelligence authorities' campaign against Nazi organisations and persons dangerous to the occupation. A further 2,000 are awaiting transfer to -such camps from areas outside the zone. These figures do not include removals of Nazis from public or business positions, which are the responsibility of the publie safety bmnch.

Arrests of person? thought to be a daneer to the security of the Allied occupation forces are likely to be earned out ior several months, but the weekly arrest figures are decreasing and by the spring it is anticipated that they will be reduced to a few arrests per week. 500 HOLIDAY DEATHS IN THE U.S. Many on the Roads 7 From our own New Yobs. January 2. -During the holiday season the customary number of deaths and injuries occurred- in the United -States: Already almost 500 accidental deaths nave Deen reponea annng trie past ten days, a large part of them resulting from motor-car safe to assume that inebriation' -was the important factor in most of While ammunition was being loaded on to wagons at a War Department railway siding at Savernake, near Marlborough, Wiltshire, yesterday afternoon, some of the trucks blew up.

It was not possible early this morninfe to say exactly what were the 'casualties, but one soldier is known to have been killed, ten others are unaccounted for and are feared to have been killed, and several others were injured, one seriously. Soldiers and firemen worked for some time in the -burning wreckage, risking further explosions in an attempt to find and rescue missing comrades. But all personnel were withdrawn late last night and the wreckage was still burning early this morning. Ammunition was still exploding after midnight, when there was a series of red and blue Hashes in the sky. It was feared that an ammunition train of 30 to 40 trucks only twenty yards away might become involved, and the area was cordoned off.

Road and rail traffic near the sidings was either suspended or diverted, and people were evacuated from houses in the neighbourhood, i OFFICIAL STATEMENT The following statement was issued by Southern Command Headquarters giving the position at 6 An accident took place at Savernake ammunition railhead at approximately three o'clock to-day. A number of railway trucks at the- scene of the accident are still burning with occasional small explosions and are within twenty yards of an. ammunition train containing thirty to forty trucks which cannot be moved. All personnel are now withdrawn from the scene of the accident and the road Marlborough to 'Burbage is closed to traffic. Local police and ammunition sub-depot troops are controlling road approaches.

A warning was sent to the railway to stop traffic on the line from Marlborough to Savernake station. NJ.S. is standing by. A regimental first-aid post has been opened. Troops available at one hour's notice to render assistance.

Casualties: One dead, one seriously wounded, three wounded, ten other ranks i unaccounted for. iLater information from the War Office indicated that at ten o'clock fires were still burning. "There is no wind and AMERICAN STRIKES Threat by 200,000 More Workers New York, January 2. Government, management, and labour officials are making renewed efforts to solve the industrial strikes which threaten to make idle 2,000,000 workers by mid-January. The strikes would affect electrical, telephone, telegraph, steel, meat-packing, and automobile industries.

The situation took a turn for the wprse to-day when -a call to strike for higher wages on January 16 went out to 200,000 members of the United Packing-House Workers of America. Electrical union spokesmen in New York said to-night that their strike is inevitable." Telephone workers have announced they are prepared to join in a sympathy strike. International cables are at present not affected. Operators on all the cable and radio companies working from New York may, a union official said, be affected ultimately." At Detroit representatives of General Motors and the United' Automobile Workers were to-day arranging to resume negotiations the forty-third day oi tne striKe over the union's demand for a 30 per cent increase of wages. The Ford Motor Company of Canada resumed full production to-day, says ivioiureai radio, alter a striKe involving 10,000 workers had lasted 99 days.

Reuter. CZECH EXPULSION OF GERMANS Delayed Till Spring Prague, January 2. The expulsion of Germans from Czechoslovakia, it was understood here to-day, will be delayed until the spring because the Allied authorities in Germany are unable to deal with large masses of deportees during the winter. The Czechoslovaks intended that 250,000 Germans should be expelled in December and 125,000 in January, and that the whole deportation scheme should end in August. The delay, which has 1 mainly been caused by the weather and food conditions in Germany, has disorganised Czech plans for resettling the border areas.

It is likely that the whole expulsion plan may now be reorganised because of the need of retaining skilled German workers for the export industries. Reuter. PREFABRICATED Emergency Programme Details of the Ministry of Education's school-building policy were announced last night by Mr. D. JR.

Hardman. Parliamentary Secretary to the Ministry, at the North of England Education Conference at Blackpool. He said that bulk orders were being placed for the manufacture of specially designed temporary classrooms and practical rooms needed for the raising of the sthool-leaving age and for providing meals at all -schools. However much in principle some may dislike temporary and prefabricated buildings we must press' all" local education authorities to adopt them." he said. -I Mr.

Hardman added that the temporary "scheme would not rule out the repair reinstatement of bomb-damaged schools In 1 -areas where building labour, may be available, we should like plans for more projects ready to pot in hand -at short notice, provided that this does not interfere with the- completion of the shprt-term a reporter was told. It cannot be fully tackled' until morning, because the ground is covered with debris, some of which is burning, and personnel nave been withdrawn from the spot. The scene of the incident is on War-Department property and isolated from the public." VILLAGERS EVACUATED A reporter telephoning from Marlborough early this morning said about 200 soldiers were unloading the explosives when some cartridges became ignited. The fire spread to some mines which went off with a detonation that shook the area for miles around and was heard twenty miles away. People in the neighbouring village of Cadley had been evacuated until the danger was over.

Ammunition was still exploding and a huge fire was burning. "I have been right through the war and it was the most terrible explosion I' have ever seen or heard," said a Pioneer Corps corporal from Birmingham. "I was hurled 30 feet from, where I was working and a pal of mine, also from Birmingham, was killed." At the first explosion men in a Pioneer Corps lorry who had arrived at tne siding to unload were caught by a terrific blast. One of the trucks, according to a witness, went up into the air, scattering woodwork and iron and portions of mixed ammunition, some of which was heavy explosive, into gardens and fields. The first truck to explode was about three-quarters of the way along the train.

Shortly before four o'clock the biggest explosion of all occurred, and a fireman said that the flame and smoke reached a great height. "After this the trucks were burning so rapidly and fiercely and being blown sxy-nign mat we realised tnat it was no good remaining any longer, so we withdrew and our vehidles assisted Armv and other transport to take residents over a wide area to villages considered to be out oi danger. Councillor H. M. Friend, of Mart.

borough, told a reporter last night: There was a first explosion which blew out many windows in the town and burst open a lot of doors. About an hour later there was another and a quarter of an hour after that there was a third." Six soldiers were taken to tli? Savernake Hospital, Marlborough, and five of them were transferred soon afterwards to Stratton St. Margaret's Military Hos- pitai. one detained at savernake Hosnital With multinle injuries Is Tfclia Chick (22), of Trowbridge, who was Mauonta at Tne rt.A.u pnrnTi in Kali bury Road, Marlborough. SKATING BEGINS Only Small Lakes Safe Yet The prospect of skating during the present cold spell and the shortage of skates has created a demand for second hand pairs, and these, with boots, are fetching prices ranging from 3 to 5 a pair in districts where there are facilities for good skating.

Skating has already begun on the smaller sheets of water in the Lake District, where' there has been a severe frost for several days, the sport being continued after dark in the light of car headlights. Among the larger lakes Rydal Water and Blterwater are skimmed over with ice, but more frost is needed to make them safe. As there were 11 degrees in the early hours of yesterday both are expected to be ready ior stealing at weeu-enct if the weather holds. There were skaters on the lake at Lindow Common, Wilmslow. yesterday, and Ilkley Tarn is frozen over.

The lake in Buxton Gardens is not yet considered safe for skatina. Two children. David Williams (3), of 140. Harcourt Street, Reddish, and Irene Ball (6), of 36. Weston Street.

Reddish, fell through the ice yesterday when playing at a pond near their home Both were drowned. Their bodies were recovered by dragging. GORING'S STEPSON Escape from Prison iri Czechoslovakia Goring's "stepson" is at large in the frontier region of Polish Teschen, Prague radio said last night It added He bears no special marks of identity. Will anyone recognising him please inform the Ministry of the Interior at once Prague radio broadcast on Monday an announcement that "an important prisoner" had broken gaol in Prague, Reuter adds, and it is thought that the broadcast must relate to the "stepson." Goring's first wife, Carin von Kantzow, had a son of eight when she met Goring soon after the end of the 1914-18 war. A Reuter dispatch from Stockholm on November 22 said that Tomas Kantzow had applied to the United States Legation in Stockholm -for permission to go to Nuremberg to give evidence for Goring.

Nothing appears to have been made public about his movements and it is not certain that he is the man referred to. CLASSROOMS Higher School-Age Speaking on the supply of additional teachers. Mr. Hardman said everything was being done to speed up the training, but-it would be hateful if in the process of tiirning out teachers under a one-year course we were concerned with turning out inferior stuff. Earlier in his speech Mr.

Hardman said they were fighting an educational war against and the second rate, against ill-planned towns and a rapacious desecration of our. countryside. Giving examples he referred to the encroachment upon the quiet ecstasy of Ennerdale, "while of longstanding discredit, the Manchester Corporation plants its rows of alien firs alone Hie banks of Thirlmere." Vandalism, our worst vice as a nation, was a sure sign of. vulgarity, in our age. he declared.

About 650 people, representing education authorities, teachers organisations, and. the and other lult educational bodies, as well private individuals interested in education and renresenta tives of the Blackpool Parents' Association, are -attending -the Nuremberg trials to-day, which followed a twelve-day recess over Christmas and the New Year, the tribunal heard for the first time evidence against an individual defen dant, in this case Kaltenbrunner, a former head of the Reich main security office and the security services and police. The evidence against Kaltenbrunner was admitted this afternoon by the tribunal in spite of an application by his counsel for a postponement pending his return to court. The United States counsel submitted that the case against him was inseparable from that presented mis morning oy uoionei Kooert storey against the Gestapo and the S.D., of which he was also chief. The list of crimes committed by these allegedly criminal organisations with the knowledge and approval, and often on the direct orders, of the defendant indeed reads in Colonel Storey's own words like a page from the Devil's notebook." Lieutenant Whitney Harris, the United States counsel presenting the case against Kaltenbrunner, adduced the sworn testimony of his former deputy, Walter Schellenberg, chief of the foreign intelligence section of the S.D..

to show that he was directly responsible for "all important matters dealt with by all bureaux," of which he was titular chief and of whom even his superior officer Himmler stood in fear towards the closing stages of the war. When the Court rose this evening the prosecution had fixed the responsibility for nine major crimes on Kaltenbrunner. Further evidence, however, remains to be adduced against him, including the appearance against him in person of S.S. Major General Otto Ohlendorf. former representative of the S.D.

and Security Police at Himmler's headquarters. It was Kaltenbrunner's signature which ordered the execution of all political and racial undesirables special'y screened out from prisoner-of-war camps. Under him operated the five infamous Einsatzgruppen A.B.D.G. responsible for the mass murder of Allied civilians in eastern territories. AUTOMATIC SHOOTING He ordered the recaptured prisoners of war to be sent to Mauthausen extermination camp, where their unrecorded execution is confirmed by the affidavit two French officers interned there.

The sho.oting took place by means of a measuring apparatus. The prisoners were backed towards a metrical measure with an automatic contraption releasing a bullet in their necks as soon as the moving plank determining their height touched the tops of their heads. Kaltenbrunner, it was alleged, committed political and racial undesirables to concentration and extermination camps for slave labour or mass murder. The testimony of a former guard Mauthausen camp also. shows that he was in the habit of visiting these camps to inspect conditions there, and on one occasion even witnessed in person the gassing of prisoners in the cellars at Mauthausen.

Adolf Zutter, a former adjutant at Mauthausen, deposed in a sworn testimony that the majority of the special-category executions carried out at this camp were personally-authorised by Kaltenbrunner. He instanced the executions there of twelve or fifteen American officers an Allied military mission who were captured after dropping by parachute behind the German lines near the Hungarian-Slovak border. These prisoners were taken direct to Mauthausen, where eight days later the camp commandant told Zutter, Kaltenbrunner has now given permission tor the execution." Other heinous offences charged against Kaltenbrunner were the shooting of Allied Commandos and paratroops and the orders deliberately issued to German police officials not to interfere with the lynching of Allied airmen who had been shot down over Germany. Kaltenbrunner's complicity in this latter offence is based on affidavits of Schellenberg and Deputy Gauleiter oi Bavaria Bertus Gerdes. The former states he heard Kaltenbrunner say.

"All officers of the S.D. and Security Police are to be informed that pogroms of the populace against English and American terror flyers are not to ba interfered with. On the contrary, this hostile mood is to be encouraged." Gerdes claims to have seen a secret order signed by Kaltenbrunner to the effect that "all Germans shall go unpunished who In future participate in persecution and annihilation of enemy aircrews who parachute down." COVERING UP TO RED CROSS Kaltenbrunner's part in the infamous shooting of approximately 50 British and Allied airmen escaped from Stalag Luft 3 at Sagan near Breslau is also revealed by who according to his testimony overheard his chief discussing how best to cover up to the International Red Cross the shootings in each individual case." It was decided to justify each individually bjf such transparent excuses as results of bomb damage, shot' while offering resistance." To' prevent the advancing Allied armies from uncovering evidence of the atrocious conditions prevailing in the prisons and in concentration camps under his control, Kaltenbrunner issued signed orders for the clearance of these institutions if necessary by the liquid-, ation of their inmates." Before the inception of the case against Kalenbrun-ner. the tribunal had heard further evidence on the indictment of the Gestapo and S-D. as crimina! organisations within the meaning of the Charter.

In his final submission on this count Colonel Storey presented a long list of crimes substantially the same as those charged against the defendant Kaltenbrunner. head of both these organisations. He further showed the link existing between' them-and the German High Command by offering in evidence two documents signed by Field Marshal Keitel directing- the military' to cooperate with the Gestapo in their so-called "night and fog" operations for the deportation, secret trial, and punishment of Civilians from oreunied -territories. TbeXmabanaieatoGrainn8crTlce BRITAIN-BRAZIL IN 28 HOURS Rio de jAirerao, Jasuaky 2. After twenty-eight flying 'hours' the Lancastrian air liner Starlight, piloted by AirJtiVice-Marshal ljrialdjJBennett, which left the airfield Middlesex; on Tuesday, landed fcere-this-, evening.

The 'plane Waajnakipg a snrvev flieht to. South' EAnSriea55S- The 'plane's fligM enabled Loiiaon; "newspapers to been sale in the Brazilian capital only publication. Reuter. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 rWT1T Tf l-'O lejfTT 1 rn it cnnnMril.t uvv uiuu. ui in dealing with Jewish refugees who, since nicy teacaea Austria oi ineir own tree will.

technically were not displaced persons." A further problem caused by the urriVMJ nT Tr-inco An tham Palestine" is the psychological effect on nlmncf all nt1tHWi Palestine already waiting in camps in uj uc xuuaa ior mem. It fkctimntorl Vafr lsi nn per cent of Jews in the American zone "A uraiuauj mil ineir nopes on going to Palestine and this overwhelming desire monk tdqloinA among Jews in the other occupation FEAR OF GOING BACK TO POLAND General Morgan is reported to have saia tnat although Jews now arriving from Poland all told stories of threats pogroms, and atrocities." his represents. -tives Had not been able to find a concrete example of a pogrom inside Poland." What is also of importance, however, is the widespread fear of returning to Poland that undoubtedly does exist among Polish Jews in Germany. In the autumn, when the question of Polish repatriation from Germany was being discussed, only about 5 per cent of Polish Jews expressed a desire to return, and many of these had some compelling personal reason like the desire to search for missing relatives. The fear of returning to Poland is real, even if the facts do not justify it.

If this fear can be removed it will be an important step forward in dealing with a tragic and difficult problem. liberated Jews in Bavaria" which formerly wrote to him on soraiv: nf paper and was now writing on the finest engraved 'Stationery. ine lorming of a "federation of former inmates of concentration camps in Germany, he believed, would bring German Jews into the movement. As these Jews were not displaced persons, he added, thev did not rrnrw undpr thp jurisdiction of U.N.R.R.A. The four major Powers, said General Morgan, had failed to take any constructive action to solve either the Jewish problem or that of the displaced persons in Europe.

It looks to me as it they are passing the buck." he added. If ths United Nations fail to under take and solve the problem in some satisfactory manner we will have the seeds of a third world war in our care and under the protection of the British, United States, and French armies." the general said. A hard core of 300,000 to 500,000 displaced persons who cannot be repatriated would remain in Europe after the end of this year. The problem of displaced persons throughout Europe was facing a crisis which depended en the action of the United Nations in deciding U.N.R.RA.'s future. It was imperative, he said, that a long-range policy be outlined for dealing with the One solution.

General Morgan suggested, was to send displaced persons to countries like Australia or the United States, which could absorb them. The shortage of population in the South Pacific was a vacuum which was one of the causes of war." he said. Reuter and British United Press. PALESTINE QUOTA EXHAUSTED Jerusalem. January 2.

Mr. J. V. Shaw, Palestine Government Chief Secretary, said to-day that virtually all the 75,000 immigration certificates provided for by the White Paper had been exhausted, and "unless and until the British Government took a decision that Jewish immigration should continue during the period of the Anglo-American inquiry the Palestine Government had no authority to issue further immigration visas. Reuter.

this comment on Genera! Morgan's statement It not only savours ct Nazism at its worst but goes back to the Elders of Zion forgery of a century ago. To.speak of Jews Irving disregard of the 50,000 to 75,000 Jews in land which had become the cemetery of ineur munwrea pevpic Rabbi Wise said that General Morgan's statement did both General Morgan and UJJJtB-A. the greatest discredit. British United Press. U.S.

ARMY TO CLOSE VVARTOrt SCHOOL Reopening in Germany Warton, the American technical school, near Lytham St. Annes. will close this month, following the end of its cur rent 'term, and tne stan wui move to rip rm an v. to be followed in March by the United States Army university centre at Biarritz, Brigadier General Tut W. Thompson.

Theatre Chief of the Information and Education -Division. announced yesteroay. As a part of the retrenchment pro-Wartnn -will cut its military staff from 1.600 to 200 and Biarritz will eliminate" more than 1.000 from its present staff of 1,400. American and foreign civilians- will'- fill -the Antaratimial staffs-' WartonTwhich has graduated approximately o50O. soldier vocational students.

IS expecica -xo xcoiJdi toe omJftinff "students as compared -to "its for the regular ejgm-wees jtiu- Frankfurt, January 2. General Morgan stated to-day that he believed European Jews had a positive plan for a second exodus," this time from Europe to Palestine. He did not" believe that the mass movement of Jews had the connivance of the Polish Government or of any other Eastern Power, but thought an unknown Jewish organisation was behind it. General Morgan said that he had seen an exodus of Jews from Poland on Russian trains on a regular route from I.otU to Berlin. All of them were well dressed, well fed, healthy, and had pockets bulging with money." All of them told the same monotonous story of threats, pogroms, and atrocities in Poland as a reason for their leaving.

"NO CONCRETE EXAMPLE But U.NJR.R.A. representatives had been unable to And a concrete example ol a pogrom inside Poland. "We can always get statements from Jews that there was a. pogrom in the next town to them," the General said, and he was growing more convinced that the reported pogroms and atrocities of Jews Poland are based less less on 'act. The stories, he thought, were the u'sult of an organised plan to force the United Nations- into taking action "to the Jews a permanent home.

The organisation' to form Jews into a world force a weak force numeri-i ally, but one which will have a generating power for getting what the Jews ant. seemed to be forming in Poland md Bavaria. "Some motivating force or nromises are influencing Jews to give 1:0 comfortable living in Poland which nroveo ny uieir onysicai conoiuuu. iress, and money when thev arrive in Berlin A new factor in the United States -me the arrival of a whole carload of children from Rumania and added to General Morgan's belief that a world organisation of Jews was being formevL He did not know who was financing the movement or Jewish mricets with Russian- urinted occupation marks. He cited example of a "committee of STRONG JEWISH DENIALS OF A PLAN Mr.

A. L. Easterman, London political of the World Jewish Congress, night criticised General Morgan's --atements. He said: General Morgan's allegation of a secret force inside Europe aiming at a "-ass exodus to Palestine is not only untrue, but is clearly designed prejudge the findings of the Anglo- c-rican committee of inquiry on Hjs allegation that the Jews seem to have c-'sanised a plan enabling them to become world fom rhtih will have a generating for getting what they iraat is sher -aiism. even in its very weeding, wnicn well come from any speech by Hitler and his gang of Fascist anti-Semites.

is an undoubted fact that the vast majority of the Jews in Germany see in a'-e'stine their only possibility of a future in freedom and security. desire leave the places which; have 'for them memories of horror should be treated -tn sympathy and respect' -ot less unfounded are General Morgan's E'-teation that the reported pogroms and atrocities on Jews in Poland are based less. less on fact To as General -Morgan does, that reports of attacks.upon itu-s in Poland are propaganda is Mel not onlv upon the few Jews who. have survived the Nazi gas' chambers and 6jror "mos, but also the 6.000.000 Jewish dead noss murder, is one of elements in the indictment of the war criminals now on trial at savours" OFNAZisiis' Nsw. YoSJAKMRV 2.

Mr. Stephen Wise: Rabbi: of NevrjXpA and President of thf iOnitecStatepsect "on of the World Jewish: Congress," made.