The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 8

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, FRIDAY, AUGUST 10. 1928. 8 STOH-ERESS NEWS. OUR LONDON CORRESPONDENCE LONDON, Thursday Night. BY PRIVATE WIRE.

of ordinary cases it was Stated could not find accommodation. (18) The Manchester health authorities in an interview show the value of the rejection of the treaty. If that happens not only will the -whole project come to grief, but most serious injury 'u have been done. to the cause of COURT PERSONAL PRINCE AND AN AUSTRALIAN VISIT. Mr.

R. Linton, founder of the "Big not spoken," he ib reported to have remarked, "is that I did not see why "I should. There has been no for it." Was there ever a better reason for refraining from speech, or a better basis for a reputation for wisdom Sir James was indeed a gentleman of the old school, a lord of the manor, never without a top-hat, FUNERAL OF M. flADITCH A message from Zagreb slates (accord-ing to Reuter) that luembers -ol the Government and also the deputies who are taking pan in the bitting-vf the Jugo-Slav Parliament will be ulluweU to attend the funeral of M. Stephen liaditeh on Sun-tliv.

The cost of the fuueial will be borne by the party and the city of Zagreb. Prolessor Joyxak, after tlie on SI. Stephen lUUitch, staled that death was caused by heart failure following upon diabetes. He bald that the wounds received uu Juue 20 were entirely healed, and were, therefore, not the immediate cause of death- There is to be a travelling kinema, in Leicestershire which will show methods of eliminating pests and so on. Another line of development is a display of kinema posters," one of which has been attracting attention outside Victoria Station.

One of the Board's big hoardings is used as the screen for daylight kinema shows of pictuies on milk and its adventures from the cow to the householder, life with the trawling fleet, and so on. Experiments are also being made in showing films of Empire interest to children, for which the excellent theatre at the Imperial Institute is used. RUMANIA AND THE PEACE PACT. The Rumanian Cabinet yesterday decided to approve the KeJJogg proposals, and instructed the Rumanian Minister at Washington accordingly, says Hauler's Bucharest correspondent. mntT to" nnfflr treatment for tuberculosis.

(11) CtAmmiH oil Aro 1 rtriB arrninof London constables were made at the first dfiy's hearing yesterday of a charge of having conspired to bring a false charge against a girl. (3) FOREIGN. The failure of the conference at TaAAo tri aAffla tVia Tnaft.TTarli'otO frontier problem is viewed with some concern in Jbagdad, and precautions have been taken against a possible re crudescence of incursions by the tribes under Sultan lbn Saud. Our New York correspondent further discusses America's attitude towards the Kellogg Pact, and points to the danger of Europe's too optimistic assumptions. The oolicy of isolation, he says, has not been abandoned, and the pact has little real support in the country.

Our Labour corresnondent. rennrtB that the differences in the Labour and socialist International on the uuestion of the evacuation of the Rhinelandhave been settled. (12) Our Paris correspondent quotes from a striking article bv M. 'Rin tl Bruyere on the Anglo-French Naval Agreement. (12) Transvaal vftt.frrla-, A.

clared that they accepted the declaration of the Imperial Conference of 1926 and were agreed that it signified the attainment of sovereign independence for South Africa. nat The Kellogg Pact in Danger. The letter from the editor of the Christian Century" published yes terday in our columns demands careful and immediate attention. Dr. Morrison thinks that the Kellogg Pact is in serious danger in consequence of the passage affirming a "British Monroe Doctrine" that Sir Austen Chamberlain inserted in his dispatches on the subject.

That passage was contained in the Note of May 19 in which the British Government responded to the Kellogg proposal: "There are certain "regions the welfare and integrity of "which constitute a special and vital interest for the Empire's peace and "safety, and the Government accept "the new treaty on the distinct under-" standing that it does not prejudice "their freedom of action in this respect." The Note proceeded thus "The Government of the United States "have comparablo interests any dis-" regard of which by a foreign Power they have declared that they would "regard as an unfriendly act. His Majesty's Government believe, therefore, that in defining their position they are expressing the intension and meaning of the United "States Government." When Mr. Kellogg replied on June 23 he discussed other topics and difficulties that had been raised, but he said nothing jibout the Monroe Doctrine. When the Foreign Secretary accepted the Pact he restated the British reservation. From these negotiations an idea has grown up in England that the United States Government in proposing the Kellogg Pact has reserved the Monroe Doctrine.

It is easy to see from Sir Austen Chamberlain's speech on July 30 in the House of Commons how thiB impression has arisen. In that speech it is not definitely stated that the United States had made a reservation, but it is argued that the reservation is implicit: "Does anybody suppoBe that the American Govern-''ment, in proposing this treaty, "means to abolish or change a single "policy in regard to their Monroe "Doctrine' Clearly not. In every "treaty of arbitration which the U.S. "Government has signed they have reserved all questions relating to the Monroe Doctrine." The Foreign I Secretary was probably thinking also of article 21 of the Covenant of the League, which runs as follows "Nothing in this Covenant shall be "deemed to affect the validity of "international engagements, such as treaties of arbitration or regional understandings like the Monroe Doc-" trine, for securing the maintenance "of peace." The Foreign Secretary, that is, sought to commend the claim he was making for Great Britain to American sympathy by putting it in the same category as the Monroe Doctrine and implying that in this case as in others the United Slates meant to ask for special recognition of that doctrine. Consequently in all discussions of that claim in England it has been assumed that the United States had made this reservation, explicitly or implicitly.

Dr. Morrison now tells us that this belief is an error, and a dan- wnat is the danger? If Dr. Morrison is right our Government have sought to qualify the Pact by a reservation which is defended on the ground that the United States have made a similar claim when in fact no such claim has been made. We have assumed that the United States was offering to the world something less than she actually offered. Now the one thing to ask the Senate to ratify a treaty which is, as Dr.

Morrisnn describes it, a "simple, unalloyed and another to put before it a treaty which one of the signatories hs accepted with a reservation to which no precise or limit be given. One of tfro things, we sire warned, may The Senate may insist on making that reseivation ab-jur the Monroe Doctrine which Mr. Kellogg did not mean to make, and the treaty may be reshaped in the Senate for this purpose. In that case there will have 1 to be a further series of negotiations with all the risks they involve. The other danger is still graver.

The large and indefinite claim made by our Government may so inflame the suspicions of the Senate as to lead to Pe8 and the hopes of co-operation between Europe and the United States. For the British people and for British credit in the world the disaster would be specially serious. For the Pact which we ardently desire would have been wrecked by our own action, and we should stand before the world as the authors of this calamitous failure. The British reservation has been Rinsed here both in Parliament and tne press on the ground of its dangerous latitude. As it stands it leaves the British Government a free hand in protecting the integrity and welfare of certain unspecified regions so far as those regions are concerned the treaty does not run.

If the Government wants all that it seems to claim in this indefinite stipulation, its signature to the treaty loses most of its value and force. No doubt the reservation has been drafted in this vague language because the Foreign Secretary is anxious to accept no obligations which he is not absolutely certain that he will be able to observe, but the consequence is that he puts us before the world as making demands so exorbitant as to nullify the treaty. What if every Great Power chose to make the same reservation? For our part we cannot see the necessity for any such stipulation. If India is attacked the will be attacked either by a Power that haB not signed the treaty, in which case the treaty does not apply, or by a Power that has signed the treaty, in which case the action of that Power itself dissolves all the obligations created by. the treaty.

In Mr. Kellogg's explanatory letter of June 23 this is expressly stated. "As I have already pointed out," said Mr. Kellogg, "there can be "no question, as a matter of law, that "violation of a multilateral anti-war "treaty by one party thereto would automatically release the other "parties from their obligations to the "treaty-breaking State." The same is true of Egypt. The Kellogg Treaty would not weaken our right to take part in the defence of Egypt if Egypt were threatened.

In all these cases our right is not, of course, an absolute right; it is a right qualified by the terms of article 12 of the Covenant. But the Kellogg Treaty would not make it more difficult for us to defend either India or Egypt against an aggressor. As for the questions still at issue between us and Egypt, it is unlikely that they will be settled without the help of the League, and the sooner we invoke that help the better. The real objection to the British reservation is that it is a step back. The business of the next few years is to create a world in which the League will give the nations the security that they have sought by armaments and war.

M. Herriot put this truth admirably at Cologne the other day, and he added, in a wise and significant sentence: "Such a task "cannot be carried' out without the co-operation of the French and "German peoples." That task cannot be carried out either without the co-operation of Europe and the United States. Any Government which puts any. obstacle in the way of such co-operation will not be forgiven by the British people. Stephen Raditch.

In the sophisticated democracies of Western Europe the single-hearted devotion of an entire people to one leader is almost unintelligible. Not so in the more primitive Balkans, where popular hero-worship still dominates public life. Stephen Raditch was such a leader. When he was wounded by a Serb deputy in the Skupshtina on June 20 everv- Croatian town and village resounded with angry protest. Now that he has died of his wounds, all Croatia has gone into mourning not mourning of a conventional or official kind, but mourning expressive of spontaneous national sorrow.

He was, with limitations, a great man. Heroic, re bellious, a master of invective, and yet full of real goodness, he, who was himself of peasant stock, understood the Croatian peasants, by whom he was worshipped- His limitations were a certain narrowness of outlook and a somewhat excessive simplicity of mind. He held the Croats together, and, although he was an impetuous agitator, he often held them back from reckless actions. His death, in itself a disaster, deepens the greater disaster of the rupture between Croats and Serbs. The Serb Skupshtina assembles in Belgrade.

For the first time since 1918 the Croat Sabor assembles in Zagreb. Jugo-Slavia now has two Parliaments a manifestation of the hatred that divides a nation no longer held together by anything save the Crown. The Croats demand Home Rule. With Raditch dead, they will demand it more than ever. He has successors but no successor, and it is not sure whether they will preserve their own unity.

In Belgrade there is much talk of coercing Zagreb. Jugo-Slavia has now begun the darkest days of her whole short history. No one can tell whether she ill emerge as a healed or a broken nation A Modest Member. Old age is sometimes connected with garrulity, and long service is not always associated with bashfulness. Sir James Agg-Gardner, who died yesterday, the oldest member in the House of Commons, was remarkable both for taciturnity and for modesty.

i The House can have had few better listeners. During his last twensy-five 'years in the Commons he made only one soeech, and defended his silence with a common sense as rare as it is admirable. The reason why I have Mr. Baldwin' Solution. Mr.

Baldwin has slipped out of the dilemma of appointing a Deputy Prime Minister during his absence by appointing Lord Hailsham, but the device only exposes the dilemma, and added to Mr. Baldwin's jovial but frank remark at the Eisteddfod makes it clear that a perfectly intelligible rivalry which may develop in the future exists between the Chancellor of the Exchequer and the Home Secretary. The nomination of Lord Hailsham, who until a little while ago was the Attorney General, Sir Douglas Hogg, can cause no jealousies. He is not a politician but a lawyer, and, more over, he is a member ol tne xlouse oi Lords. His precedence in the Cabinet, therefore, is of no importance to him.

He is already occupyinsc the highest office open to him. The Oldett Member. Sir James Agg-Gardner's service in the House of Commons covered forty- three years. He was the oldest member, but as hiB service was not continuous he was not the Father of the House. Mr.

T. P. O'Connor, who first entered Parliament two years after the member for Cheltenham, is the Father, and he is now the only octogenarian. ine ot tne interior." as Sir James Agg-Gardner was always called, was a eentle and courteous old man, affectionately regarded by every one, as cnairman oi tne rkitcnen Committee he had a sort of Ministerial position in that he was the only private member who answered members' questions usually semi-humorous inquiries about food. The replies were alwayB patient and exact.

He probably Knew as mucn about wines as anyone in London, and his champagne lore was especially detailed and approved by the experts. He had his own convictions about the value of private members' speeches, and. what ia more, he acted urt to them. When a few months ago he moved the second reading of the Hire system ism ms speecn was quits an event, and it was incorrectly safa that he had broken a silence that had lasted twenty-five years. He had.

in fact, spoken in support of a women franchise bill in 1012, his only speech: before that having been made in 1875. Ab the only member in this Parliament who sat in the House with Disraeli he was first elected in 1874 his stories of the classic times of Parliamentary warfare were much valued. He used to relate that Disraeli, on being told that a foreign politician whom he disliked had been assassinated, thoughtfully commented, "I hope it is true-it would make assassination look ridiculous." The "Minister of the Interior" was a Parliamentary character," with his old-fashioned politeness, his invariable silk hat and the solemn precision with which he would assure the House (for instance) that only the best British cream was supplied to the At the A correspondent writes-: Sir James Agg-Gardner's death was a great shock to his fellow-members of the Carlton Club. He seemed in his usual good health, and had been talking to Lord Kintore up to eleven o'clock. He was probably the oldest member using the club, and recently he had been living there.

The curious thing about him was that the older he grew the more popular he became. His great social success, indeed, came fairly late in life, and steadily increased. When he appeared at the club everyone seemed anxious to talk to him and consult with him, mainly on points of politics and good living, although in his earlier days no one expected him to turn out a wise judge of cooking and vintage's. He bad an enormous correspondence, which he handled with his wonderful courtesy and exactness. He did not play cards.

Conservatives are now wondering if they can provide another man who can keep Cheltenham for the party. The popular view in the club was that he was the one man who could "hold Cheltenham." Sir Cordon Guggisberg. West Africa has been wondering what was to happen to Sir Gordon Guggisberg, whose work at the Gold Coast on the material side in founding the deep-water harbour Takoradi and on the moral and intellectual side in establishing Achimota, which it is hoped will develop into a university for West Africa, evoked admiration from the Africans and the British alike. His appointment to British Guiana is one which should give his constructive mind and his infectious enthusiasm full play. It is a country of wonderful resources, but for generations it has lain almost stagnant.

Lately a new Constitution has been conferred upon it, and now comes the work of putting the finances upon a' stable footing so as to lead the way to development, a further essential of which is to attract to 'the country a suitable population, which must almost of necessity be non-European. The colony, like some other colonies, also lacks proper maps and Burveys, and as the new Governor is an old Roval Engineer and Surveyor General "be will probably set about remedying this omission without delav. The "acooint-ment is full of interesting possibilities. Mr. Kipling' Film.

Many attempts have been made to persuade Mr. Kipling to write film scenarios, but he has always fought shy. The Empire Marketing Board has succeeded where enterprising directors have failed. Of course the emotion of which the Board is the practical embodiment is particularly Kiplingesque. Mr.

Kipling has consented to supervise a picture which the Board is preparing as part of its propaganda. It will deal in a dramatic nay with Empire relations a vague phrase, but Mr. Kipling may be trusted to see that the result is something vivid and arresting. This film will be shown in the kinema theatres as part of the ordinary programmes, for the Board is trying to produce films" sufficiently attractive to claim 'a place in the limelight, as it were. The film is heginning to be used as a.

means of instructing our farmers in improved methods of food production, and some of these technical agricultural films have been shown experimentally to farmers in Scotland. Brother" emigration movement, stated yesterday at 'the annual meeting of the movement (telegraphs Reuter's Melbourne correspondent) that while he was in England he was authorised by the Prince of Wales to aav that his Koyal ttignnesB was looking forward to meeting "Big and Little Brothers" in Australia in tno near future. PRINCESS MARy VISITS LEEDS. Whm Princes Marv visited Leeds yester day to open the new branch of the Babies' Welcome Association at Armley, she was greeted by a guard of honour of over one hundred babies lined up on each side of the route in gaily decorated perambulatorB. After leaving her motor-car on the main road, Princesi Mary's route to the new building lay across a small suburban moor, and she walked through an avenue of babies and cheering mothers to perform tha opening ceremony.

Princess Mary, who is president of the Vn-rVuVii Federation of Maternity and Child Welfare Centres, showed a keen in- trt. in th work that is being done, ana luring her Inspection of the premises ex pressed her delight at tne provision maae for child welfare in the districts. A ROYAL FAMILY'S TRIP IN A SUBMARINE. Yesterday afternoon the King and Queen of Spain and the Infante Jaime -went on board a submarine at Santander the vessel in question claims a world's record for a seventy-eight hours' submersion, and after some evolutions the submarine with the royal party on board. Their Majesties expressed great delight with the performance of the machine (telegraphs Reuter'i correspondent.

PENRITH'S TRIBUTE TO LORD AND LADY LONSDALE. Yesterday the Earl and Countess of Lonsdale drove from Lowther Castle to the Town Hall at Penrith to rsceiva from the townspeople a solid gold loving-cup subscribed for as a token of esteem and affection on the occasion of their recent golden wedding. Mr. J. G.

Sim, chairman ot the presentation committee, said that Penrith felt pride and -affection of an intimate kind towards their distinguished neighbours, who had always taken a keen Interest in the town and district. Mr. R. Hunter, chairman of the Urban Council, made the presentation. Both Lord and Lady Lonsdale expressed their gratitude.

A cheque for the balance of the testimonial fund was handed to Lord Lonsdale, who endorsed it and returned it for the Penrith Poor People's Fund. MR. MILTON ROSMER'S SUDDEN. ILLNESS. The audience at the Ambassador Theatre, London, last night saw the opening of "Many Waters" twice, part nf the first scene being repeated owing to the sudden illness of Mr.

Milfcon Rosmer, one ot the principal actors. When the curtain rose the second time Mr. Harold Mead took Mr. Rosmer's part. A reporter was informed that Mr.

Rosmer's illness is not serious. THE EARL OP ABINGDON'S It is announced that the marriage arranged betweon the Earl of Abingdon and Mrs. Bettine Grant, youngest daughter of Major General the Hon. Edward and Mis. Stuart-Wortley, of HIghcliffe Castle, will take place shortly.

The marriage, it is expected, will take place quietly in London. Lord Abingdon, who is forty, succeeded his grandfather early thla year. Formerly captain in the Grenadier Guards, he served in the war and was wounded. For a time he served with the Royal Kaval Air Service. He had a remarkable escape about two years ago when an air liner in which lie was travelling crashed.

TWO NEW RECORDERS. It is officially announced that the King has been pleased to approve a recommendation of the Home Secretary that' Mr. Herbert du Parcq, K.C., be appointed Recorder of Portsmouth to Buecoed Mr. John Henry Harris, who has been appointed a Metropolitan police magistrate, and that Mr. Charles Bertrand Marriott, K.C., be appointed Recorder of Northampton to succeed Mr.

Bernard Campion, K.C., who has also been -appointed a Metropolitan police magistrate. K.C. WHO FORGOT HIS CAR. The Hon. Hugh John Godley, K.C., of Porchester Terrace, Bayswater, was fined twenty shillings at the Marylebone Police Court yesterday for allowing his motor-car to cause unnecessary obstruction in Queen's Road, Bavswater, for forty minutes.

Mr. Godloy wrote to the magistrate stating that he walked home and forgot all about the car. SIR HERBERT WALKER. Sir Herbert Walker, general manager of the Couth era Railway, is in a London nursing-home suffering from an internal complaint. Sir Herbert has been ordered a month's rest, and last night-it wag stated that his condition gives no cause for serious anxiety.

It is expected that he will be able to return home on Saturday. Sir Austen Chamberlain, the Foreign Secretary, continues to make satisfactory progress. It is hoped that Prince Arthur of Connaught will open this year's Imperial Fruit Show, which will be held at Belle Vue. Manchester, on October 19 under the auspices of the Markets Committee of the Manchester City Council. Sir Samuel -Hoare, Secretary for Aw, accompanied by" the Bishop of Chester, flew from London to Brussels yesterday ta a triple-screw Handley Page.

Jupiter air liner of Imperial Airu ZOO-mile flight occupied just over two hours. Mr. Edward Sandford Martin has Tetired from the editorial staff of the' New York Life." the leading' A t-i Vni.n.Ait weekly. A regular feature of that journal is a page of leadinc'artiiM with serious subjects in a critical and often spanning style. These articles have mainly been the work' of.

Mr. "Waft Aivin last forty-flve years. He Is alio widely know as the writer of the "Easy chair" notes in "Harper's and as the author of several volumes of charming easava. ilr. Martin rum k.

the offiee of "Life" by Mr. Etaler Davia, a former Rhodes gehalar. im i years on the staff of the Hew -York Times and hat written a history "of that paper- and seldom holding an opinion which would have shocked Hannah More. He naturally took the view that the world was deteriorating, and in a volume of ''Recollections" deplored the departure of the "grand style" from Parliamentary contests. But though he first became a member fifty-four years ago he did noc make that an excuse for reminding the House of what he had heard Disraeli say in the good old days, or tell them the truth about that famouB but unrecorded remark of Mr.

Gladstone in 1864. In his later years he confined his Jfariianientary activities mainly to the work of the Kitchen Committee. As "Minister of the Interior he could not prevent the decay of manners or the modernity of opinions, but he could at least see that the meals of his colleagues remained true to the best old English traditions. An Abandoned Plank. It is a good omen for the steady growth of a more rational political outlook in South Africa that the Transvaal Nationalist Congress at their meeting yesterday should have scrapped the notorious Republican clause of their party's constitution.

They did so at the request of General Hertzog, who is, of course, not only Prime Minister but leader of the Nationalist party. The amendment which they accepted was framed by him. It recognises that the aims of the party for an independent South Africa are sufficiently realised in the declaration of the Imperial Conference of 1926. There were vigorous critics of the change, one of whom spoke of the "Republican" clause as "the corner-" stone on which the whole superstructure of their party was reared," but they were overruled. The way, therefore, ij made yet easier for the cooperation of Dutch and English in the Union.

It is an end to which General Hertzog himself is now whole-heartedly pledged. In the debate last spring on the ratification of the report of the Imperial Conference he gave an unqualified assurance that "the Empire "now having ceaBed to denote domination, Dutch-speaking people were prepared to oin hands with "English-speaking, trusting fully in "the assurance given in the reoort." It was clear in the face of this that the Nationalist party would either have to shed its extremists or to convert them. With a general election in sight it has oeen able to close its ranks, and General Hertzog can now go to the country with one less embarrassment on his hands. In view of the" rift in the Labour party which may deprive him of its support he will welcome escape from even academic concern with a doctrine that gravely estranged a large part of the electorate. And, on a wider view, all who wish the Union well must rejoice that an issue so disruptive of normal political progress has been Dog-Racing in Shanghai it is generally believed that the Chinese, or rather the poorer classes in urban China, are inveterate Ramblers.

That weakness would certainly seem to carry with it an ability to recognise a new gambling game when thev see it. for it has not taken some of the Chinese authorities long to see through the new sport of greyhound-racing. In the International Settlement at Shanghai there are alreadj' two greyhound-racing tracks and two more are contemplated, but the native authorities in that citv. backed by Chambers of Commerce and ratepayers' associations, have now demanded that these "animated roulette boards shall be put down at once on the ground that they are demoralising Chinese citizens. It took many people in this country rather longer to discover where the true attraction of greyhound-racing lay; in this matter the immemorial East seems to have been more alert than the wideawake West.

In the official demand for the closing of the Shanghai tracks a heavy enough charge sheet is presented against greyhound-racing it is charged not only with impoverishing Chinese citizens for the benefit of foreign syndicates but also with being responsible for epidemics, abductions, suicides, and bankruptcies." It is long list of misdemeanours, but even if it only means that the more enlightened Chinese do not want dog-racing tracks in Shanghai the demand is not one that can be very easily brushed aside. If many Chinese are by Instinct gamblers, all the more reason why foreigners should not cater for their darling vice. But if the Chinese in Shanghai do succeed in closing the greyhound tracks (or only in preventing the opening of new ones) it is interesting to remember that they will have done more than it is at present possible for any local authority in this enlightened country to do. BRITAIN AND CHINA. Importance of Nanking Agreement.

Reuter's Agency understands that satisfaction is expressed in authoritative British quarters at the conclusion ol an agreement between Sir Sydney Barton, the British Consul General at Shanghai, and the Chinese Nationalist authorities for the liquidation of the Nanking incident of March, 1327. It is felt that this agreement will remove a serious barrier in the way of the resumption of normal diplomatic relations between Great Britain and China. The actual signature of the agreement was expected to take place yesterday. Children's Country Holiday. Thii has been the memorable day in the year for the Country Holiday Fund the friends it has been able to press into its emergency service.

A fortnight ago it sent thirteen thousand youngsters from the more crowded London districts to delightful country villages. To-day those thousands of happy, sunburned boys and girls came home, and the thirteen thousand of the second batch were sent off for their health- giving holiday. There were Meat scenes at Liverpool Street Station, where the hulk of the work was done, but other stations were also buBy from morning till late after noon, some oi tne departing cmiaren had never been in the country. One email girl had never seen even a train betore ana was au agog witn excitement, while some of the older children were the more excited because this was their second visit. It was pleasant to meet the parties of briorht-eved vounssters who tumbled out of the trains laughing and chattering, as happy to come home with then-stories and their trophies as they had been to go.

Many of them brought sheaves of flowers from cottage gardens, but the heroes of the day were the boys with the rabbits. One of the porters at King's Cross is a rabbit-fancier, and he took special note of these pets, tearing larger holes in a cardboard box to give the baby rabbit air, or fastening down the slats on a wooaen box lest mother rabbit and baby escape on their way to Bethnal fJreen. The Fair Oak Players. The ocen-uir the Fair Oak, in Hampshire, is the most enchanting setting for a play. Great clumps of rhododendrons are the wings, the scenery is the wood, the exits are the leafy paths, the limelight fche evening sun filtering magically through the TeaveB and branches and shining impartially on "star" and super." There are no footlights or be Sherwood Forest or Arden.

And as uuu as tne gipsy caravan with its IlOnieB. ltft ftnihtinir nVi 1 swarthy Egyptians comes swinging round t.liB -j uno it, ia oner-WOOd, it is Arden, it is anywhere in a romantic iorest. wri s1Hire has had a chance that few playwrights get, and he ha used it exquisitely. He has peopled his lovely forest with sportsmen and beaters, with a policeman who is a poet and turns out to Ee a viscount, a vagrant who turns out to be an old Etonian and a millionaire, a profiteer, an Under Secretary of State who marries a gipsy "vamp," a gamekeeper who turns out 'to be a scoundrel and an earl's cousin, a gipsy king and queen, and a most perfect butler in a bowler hat. The plot twists and turns until everyone is happily settled and every problem happily solved; the hero comes into his own and 'the villain is exposed.

The "copper" gipsy is full or wit and nonsense and poetry. It is well acted on the whole the profiteer, the gipsy king, and the vasrant old Etonian (probably the only example of a genuine Eton rambler) outstanding. Unfortunately the feminine parts, with the exception i "rofiteer's wife, were weak. The authors fourteen-year-old son spoke th-niost effective line of the piece. Mr.

Johnstone-Douglas "produced" admirably, and moso ingenious use was made of gramophones and loudspeakers. It was altogether a delightful entertainment, and had the distinction, rare in amateur theatricals, of amusing the audience as much as the actors. Russian Discoveries in Liquid Fuel. At the World Power Conference on Fuel, in London, in September, the centre of interest, I learn, is expected to be the results of the Russian experiments iu the reduction of paraffin mazout to paraffin for the production of a liquid fuel of the highest efficiency. Professor Ranusin.of the Moscow State Thermo-technical Research fnstitute, ip to reveal the results of these experiments in hi; paper on The utilisation fuela in U.S.S.R7" and Characteristics and c-Ussificatiens of fuels in U.S.S.R." Russia's natural resources include an immense quantity of high-grade anthracite, and for the last twelve months he and his colleagues have been exoeii- menfincr in fliA raA O.

bu.haw.VAVU VI la.t (AJ'JIJ. mazout from anthracite to paraffin with a vast supply of liquid fuel. Their dia- uuvenw, ana me exiem; ox zneix discoveries, are eagerly awaited. NEW ARCHBISHOP. LIVERPOOL.

OF Dr. Downey. The Pope has been pleased (telegraphs Reuter's Rome correspondent) to appoint the Rev. Richard Downey, D.D.-, Ph.D., viea rector of the Seminary at Liverpool, to the Archbishopric of Liverpool. Our Dublin correspondent telegraphs that Dr.

Downey is a very distinguished Churchman. He was born at Kilkenny in 1331 and educated at London University and the Gregorian University, Rome. He was ordained priest at Upholland, near Wig an, in 1907. Since 192P he has been vice-rector and Professor of Dogmatic Theology and Dean of the departments of Theology' and Philosophy at St. Joseph's College, Upholland.

For the fifteen years prior to that he was engaged in lecturing on philosophy and Catholic dogma. Dr. Downey is a member of the' British Psychological Society and" Aristotelian Society and a fellow of the Philosophical Society of England. He was one of the founders ana first editor of the "Catholic Gazette," and amongst hi publications is a reply to Mr. H.

G. Wells entitled 44 Some Errors of H- G. Wells. Dr. Downey has written extensively on theological subjects- VACUUM CLEANERS, FURNITURE, CARPETS, BAXENDALE Miller St.

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TO-DAY'S PAPER. SPECIAL ARTICLES River Watcher 18 Rod and Line (by Arthur IS Saliburg Summer Festival 7 Civil Liberties in U.S.A 6 Death's Head Moth 7 Sir James Agg-Gardner 9 The Patriot's Memory. Book Reviews 5 Wireless Programmes io CORRESPONDENCE Preserving Rural James Owen) England (Sir The Menace oi the TramB The Animal Problem Unheroio Cricket COMMERCIAL INDEX on page 17. HOME. It was omcialK- annmin day that Mr.

Baldwin mv.u utuiawuu, lug ijora inancellor, to be Acting Premier during his holiday on the Continent. (9) Mr. Lloyd George visited the Welsh National Eisteddfod vesterday and was given a remarkably enthusiastic welcome. An American'choir won the second male voice choral competition. (13) Sir Herbert Samuel gave the closing address, on Patriotism and Peace." Pact has to 8 oetore the United States at the Liberal Susimer School at Senate.

We have good reason to know Oxford yesterday, and Dr. Moritzlthat this is no mere formality, it is Bonn, the German Liberal and economist, spoke on democracy. the future of (10) The special conference of the National Union of Railwaymert vester day accepted the railway wages settle nient. There were only three votes against it. Some remarkable figures about the incfeasing consumption of tobacco and the way in which the cigarette has outstripped the pipe are given in a report of the Imperial Economic Committee published to-day.

The report notes the advance of Empire tobacco in popular favour. (10) The Foresters' conference at Dover yesterday decided, in view of the severe inroads on hospital accommo dation owing to me increasing number of road accidents, to collaborate with the British Hospitals Association in any concerted actipru Thousands.