The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 20

THE MANCHESTER -JGUARDIAN, THURSDAY; MAY" 12, 192) TEACHING: THE' WEATHER: SPRING RAL ARTY 1 AND vi" Tohhe Edlto tM'SIawhister Guardian. wrote; soggerting tbat the injght unlt on policy "certainly tending' in the direction' of at least, of 'the effects of the ligaor-trade, I wa well! awjre that, the scheme hid critics, your columns since hvejDome witnessto tbisl I had not intended to' enter into' cdntroTersy. on the PARENTS WHO 'NAG. Jiiflicting Inferionty on Children. ILL-HEALTH CAUSES.

Drunkenness Caused "by Baby's: Sucking a Coniforter. Some parents conceive it to.be their A NEW PIRANDELLO. (From-' our Rome Correspondent) Borne has not for some time been honoured with', the first representation" of an- hew and this may account to -some for', the' vast enthusiasm with which public and critics have loceived Pirandello's latest drama, "L'amica delle mogli" Wives' Lady There is another contingent reason for the success. The public, and perhaps even the critics, or rather especially the critics, who are expected to' sum' up the work at a glance, are accustomed to- being confronted'- in Pirandello's plays with a series of stiff psychological enigmas. Last night, how UL1L.IUI tt.

Eiitrahts)S The "'Joint Committee cecbridary ofTeaoheXsand iaVTechnican Institutions it -has had" undel icbnsideratioh3-; the ueiimna lor vices, especially. ployment" to Ttrend-o -the TJoUcyi'bfjjthe boarrKof rEducatio3with, reference to; staff- Jijrought to jf aiany'local education tion. in staffTorinstajdce, onei, authority was asked, to reduce its'e'xpenditure'iojijthiaj'if item dismissal 6f 'seventy Sol far-" as "the; ceme'd, uch.rjpdaetion3an n)ybe brought -I-about by nieairs of ama igama ion mehts, eniployiuentof unqualified or. increases in site 'of olassesatiyof miisl: flrially'-react the Veduca-J. tional "a -whole; upon -the-educa'tion-given in the' sehoola.fori, which, the' individual -aifthdrities-concernedp are- responsible.

Ihe pblioy- 'unfortunate it is. in itself," becomes much V6rse wherl- reviewett'in'' conjunction "with extract from- areply Lord- Percy in the 'House-of- Commons 3 to unemployed- teachers -r yX Of who ttaitrigl-, college and "uni v'ersity trai ing 'V ep art-v--1 ments in" July, "1924, e.SSO.h'adrobtaihed1 posts-by December, -Xa'd snptr-. attempted to obtaitf posts, and T195 chatti failed to -obtain posts- ilie figures for December, relating those) "who left" college In" 6,752, could given of tha-num---, ber-of teachers obtaining same year' as they teachers who college' in 6,259 had obtained pbSts" by December, I 1925, 155-had t6 obtain posts, "and -431'hdd failed to-obtains The December, 1926, relating to students who lleft in July, 1926., are" information lea'ds'-'to that the of mpre;" acutely felt in primary than secondary. schools. accentuated many teachers enter -secondary sehopls1 take-up" appoinlmentEf nt primary It isJt6bo, that the demands-for-staff mairily-fallen-on those authorities that have l-adopted a progressive and enlighteued' policy.

S': Tho Joint Sis reviewing-' -these factor's, decided that, it ing duty if "it did not Uake entrants possible dangers of -unemploynienUwith! which they may- be- faced-'on- completing'- tl.ai'. mi -l' -If rz -tH1 -L Woikmen engaged in repainngj truck at Carr SiduEs. Station," on'Titesday, found anadder turled'- i beneath' the-buffers. It was killed. WSST-MAObll'S 'iw 'aoTTLta and VITON1CA as'a Trade-Mark in 1908.

'and ii increaains! popttlar icod beteraiie -J LIVER PILLS (P, and heayf'load ol cara nod worry, WtatmuoUa. Announcement! 'in-bhia -column are-oha'rced1 "atctne rata "at 6d. per AU- auch announcement! rnuat authenticated "bj--tha -namo, and addreu ot the, aaneler.ri'Poitaja stamps or post-vi olden aj ba-aent -in panncnt RANK MORGAN, Oh' May JAMES VOASB, RANK, ot Barn hidr Sou tk Nutfleld. Surrey, to Mrs. P.

E. MOBGAN, ol Hill Street. Knight'lbrldsa W. May llisaTatlfiVj Oabriel, -Mlddleton by lUpr; P. AM 1.

-MOBPETH, ol 3horIton-- MAEJOBIB Matctt Qn-ARJfBY, Mlddleton, Junction. HO0I-0HAOWICKOn Wednnday Cadnaiday. May It, at vdJ -NirMn nuimejiDj JOHN- B009E, UTtLWlja-ALUMANi May- lOat Barbaia'' Pariah London), jronnger- ton'ol and the Mrs: IXE3 only dauthUr ol end 'Mr. i. J.

TIT.T.M ATfi-Of BtoekporU' Jt.v.Wfe'" SftlatRLCV. On IzeauWy.rMaytlo'ffudoVnry:lnMac. chcttari; J03EBH, the -telod BR1BKLEY, -ol 14, Raj mood -Bury (lain -aith Mesarc. Collier Bro- mud and Newton, Square; quiriei and Sona; Moorgate; niry. CiBk'il'-pn' Tneiday -Ma'ylio, hit tOT--JPrrfric.

-HABDW1CKE 69ib year. 12 Crematorium pTtday. Park lane. '-'-ifcr preceded hy' campan in which, by meetings, by the and of literature upon parochial, church. the full -f o'ree 'of every, possible objection 'was brought home, to us'l', Tomahyofus it must 'seem that so far the 'controversy had been5 one-sided in.

the4 opposite" direction, and." in oi mo uuuo, siae ana- tne other 'tfie'yote'of'theyCon-ference was decisive of the -Manchester point of the' poor "deluded members of k-the' Conference is but scarcely What" the Conference needed what it got a 'reasoned, non-controversial statement of the. book 'and its implication's. Hakrt G. Moss. St.

Mark's Vicarage, Bolton-le-. Moors, May 10. Gramophone fie cords for tbe Blind Miss Gladys- M. chairman League of Women Altruieham writes-; from '-'Woodleigh, Altrinc ham: Many people, if they the need, would willingly give their old, or "even some new, gramophone records, for the of the blind: -Most homes 'hare a' gramo phone, and, consequently," superfluous" records. I wonde- if it has occurred to your readers what real' pleasure they could give to the blind whose, sense of hearing is so appreciative by sending them their extra records.

I ask especially for the. blind in Heishaw's Institution, Old Irafford. Ihe Scouts have generously given a fine gramophone Anyone wishing to give a record can send it straight- to- Henshaw's Institution for.tue and it will be gratefully acknowledged; or, as gramophone records are easily broken in" transit, they can also be sent to the League of Women Helpers, Xoc Mark 4," Upper Park Victoria-Park, Manchester, or to the League of Women Helpers, Toe Mark- x4, 1, Eccles Old Koad, Salford, or addressed c'o Messrs. Wroe, Stamford New Boad, Altrinc-ham." All records, will be acknowledged and carefully conveyed to Henshaw'a Institution. Parcels should be marked "Gramophone records for the blind." BAKEHOUSE WELFARE, the New Order.

By Sir Thomas Legge, late Senior Medical Inspector of Factories. Some excitement must have been created in the 40,000 bakehouses by the Welfare Order applying to them which came into force on May -1. Nearly two years ago the Manchester Guardian" insisted both in the interests of' the bakers' themselves and of the public, that steps should be taken to prevent, as far as possible, such a malady as bakers' dermatitis to give it the name which much more correctly describes it than bakers' itch." The requirements of the Order are quite simple waBhing and cloakroom accommodation, a first aid box, drinSing water, and the posting up of a cautionary notice' as to the prevention and cure of dermatitis 'among workers handling flour and sugar." This notice ought to' be useful: it tak-H that dough sticking to the skin and not pioperiy removed by washing is the principal cause. This view is supported by Dr. A.

C. Parsons in his -inquiry for the Ministry of Health. Thus 60 out of 92 sufferers had been employed in bakehouses where hand dough mixing was the practice, and 20 out of 26 employed in machine shops had worked about the dough miser or in moulding bread. I have always felt that work where the shirt sleeves are habitually- rolled up the "hands of the workman really extend to the elbows, and no washbowl should be considered satisfactory if he cannot put both in it at the same time. This important fact il recognised' for the first time in this Order as the dimensions pf the ''lavatory basin or trough iB fixed at not less than 20 incheB long and seven inches deep." The quality of mercy, though, to be expected from this utensil is likely to be considerably strained, as one wash-basin only is to be provided for ten persons.

To have to queue up for a necessary wash is never popular. Age is an important- factor in bakers' dermatitis. In Parson's 92 cases it worked put at an average of 41 years. Indeed it was because of this that the Home Secretary modified the Order under the Workmen's Act which said that com pensation would not be paitl if the patient was only foe the particular process. On January 2, 1925, he added the words, "unless the judge, committee, or arbitrator is satisfied that ihe "disease has been contracted through long continued exposure." Now that a start has been made there ought to-be room for a somewhat similar placard in several other industries prone to cause dematitrs e.g., dye works, bleaching and chemical works.

Official statistics as -to compensation show 270 cases in 1919 and 691 in 1925. CATHEDRAL SERVICES. lUtios at 11; Erensont at 30. Holy Communion. Wceldmyj -dallj at 7 SO a m.

Fridays (cboral), at 11 sjn. Baptism! daily alter due notice. t- Thunday (Mrrfcti rendered by boys' voicea only). -Bvenaong! Macpberon to A holy (Each). i P01 15011 onl 01 the lrordi in the anthem-boor- mil be eonf.

FATAL FALL FROM LADDER INTO CELLAR. a veraiet ot accidental death was returned at the" inquest- at Connahs Quay las on Jane Hooson (33), 'the wife of Arthur Hooson, licensee of the Swan; Inn. Connahs Quay, who had the misfortune to fall off a ladder on' Monday. Mrs. Hoosan's maid said that the premises mistress werit up the ladderto examine the furniture in.

a part or. tne building which was going repairs. When stepping from the ladder to the boards above-she fell a' di; tance of nineteen- feet into the cellar. AT HOME. rJChe L.N.E.B.

announce that -Mr. Teob, stationmaster at Kippax for 48 retiring at the end of the month. Thenar office announce the "appointment of Major C. S.O tp-be Director, of. Staff Duties at the War Office, in succession ter Major General A.

r- -i' of three months' hard: lahoirr was passed on Frank Tomkins 21), a. window cleaner. Seagei who was chaijted at yesterday with stealine a woman's diamond Xing jworth K- from premS -where he 'was I'i-y ok account of great interest Jie showed in nop-piejcerssior'more. than': forty the Ber.cFather Btehard Wilson; of tr- Augus-tme OiurchjfStepjieyi-died age of. 'r.

v'- Mr. secret try of the Walls end Ovopennive- Soeietv: died suddenlT at the itrBmisps nr at Just previously -beliatf- sat' aj nstritet; fhe'WallSfend police Oourt.1 ox- vvalisend. Grappenhal, who' wasj fined VBJ and 1 costs j'Noah the is, taking; his -first, atebsTnhrnarl BTo InnVizJlif. Jtjthe, and immediately Jie rQaji. iurcnea, sidewaysdown three Wverbalanced-by the inajesiyand greater of he is, pre-cipitated the remaining, five into tlieV fltreefcj; "Obstacle ias been mentbnouVly -NoahaetB off with flapping nose, from side as be appreciates ther subtle breezes rhat inches-above the pavement and makes -for the '-riper cents that; hang-- about the" walls.

These attract him; they puzzle' him, too, and he sits to out. At" once' the "loathly-, green lead is gently He sits back as rIead. is pulled-' again. 'skates, resisting along- the wren hjs one ear of his -There" are beseeching cRe? I Noah come along, come -on you little brute, cpme'ou gbotPdog is. ahd -Noah opens his to look atotiridi-for- better sparrow has the impudence' 'to bob''past nim rand-settle upon -the with Noah rubhes forward with'an" MnpfeBsiva miiffled jerked and sprawls" headlong -in the is here 'very, deep, lat -inches.

and is comforte'd and set' upon' AH is forgotten, and Noah goes Bis way. is not smooth, for' one has one's; dignity to keep If one has occasion to pause and sniff, -and the lead: should -'drag ever so slightly, there, is nothing for it but to sit down at tNoah- roughly, twice a -minute. It is dull sit, 'and. -apt to forget why. he is sitting'; so sometimes -he gets up after a minute and bustles on like who has, remembered that; all, time presses, 'and sometimes if the IJistress raises his hindquarters to "a Standing position he accents the conibromise arid moves on.

Then 'there are thoHei dips in the.Vpath where one is. faced with-the Second Obstacle, kerbstones. As i 'Noah of these' stony cliffs. iii turn he quickens' his 'pace and takes off "valiantly" from the lower level some, distance reaching the summit with a wriggle. In spite -of these trifling difficulties the walk goes well.

Noah speeds; to' and," fro to' "greet his fellows; who are also taking -their people for a stroll. It -is an overwhelming' moment when an. Alsatian bounds upon him, waving an immense tuil and pricking vast "that touch-the skies. Noah flattens upon the and then rolls appeasingly over to his back. But now splendid it is to -meet globular woolly friend capering on fat and still unsteady paws, a tiny infant Chow in command of an old jBoth he and Noah bolt to the end of--their leads and dance upon their hind legs, buffeting the air with their fovepaws.

As they removed both of them strain backwards and make frantic signals to the departing friend. -What a splendid thing is life! How good it is tq walk abroad! The dust rises, full--, of grand smells; the sparrows-; scatter as" Noah passes, small humans rush to greet him. He weaves the and snuffles -and snaps at her' coat. Flies Hp dm 'past! his nose and are put to flight by a snap of the jaw. Here and there.

dustbins- diffuse- their fascinating invitation to-loiter and explore. Noah is--the "oentre of- everything, and his tail' moves, in constant passionate appreciation of all the joys of' the world iii' Suddenly Beelzebub straddles across fl U'JIV. TTto rmcra rrvjb.r lail' tl-nf miu js his. pride- is on end, blownfout with fury; 'he raises a' heraldic claw, moan inc-to -himself, and -dares with dread- ful copper eyes upon Noah. Monstrous injustice that the beast should -leap out from -the -hedge of his garden and darken the whole turning the pleasant Kensington street into the Yalley of the rShadow of the Persian Cat! For a second Noah shrinks into himself, and.

then, with whatlshould-'be ti terrifying growl and is in a faint yelp of conflicting rage and fear, he rushes to the attack of this Third and most horrible But before he reaches the foe it lets out' a passionate his3i flattening its brow and laving down its iears so evilly that Noah is alto1 gether clutched by fearTand swept backwards in terror to the Mistress's He is caught up into and: as he is carried away he speeds back, such a volley of triumphant -challenging insolence to Beelzebub is inay make, that indignant beast understand that he has been thrashed in field' and fair 'fight by one Daridie Dinmoht pup. -From now on' there is no holding the 'B. outer of Cats. He chases an astonished kitten up a tree rand even'-makes vague passes at something large and furry coiled up thougV. when the thing uncloses" one green- eye 'and blinks at Noah he gallops nast'-with; a cursory day will 'deal with triumphant, having -walked gVeat- distances and accomplished many tilings, Noah reaches RACHEL HYAX.

STAMBUL EXCAVATIONS: 1 COXSTAXTISOPLK, WEDNESDAY. surprising conclusion has been reached by -the BriahSexcavators' in: the Byzantine rr-; i- 1 -WTVIl clearing the foundations of an obelisk J' p. .1 ill 'i -li tney na-vu xuuuu uiu.m asjo. fountain. 1 The water fell from four top" of the" pedestal into av'-inbsaic: i basin.

ry The -water' was condu'eteWv'---3 frm the ground which oiiow Teveed-THe leading to the 'ft; SCHOOL. yiiuuuuu wquou.qi tun Xii- party, whose area' in- and Cheshire; is to 'hold va1holidayi sctiobl during vtsuntide'-at t- -FernlealAltrih- rSJTwhenMiie siihject- 5wai- be JJrtf kjjipae. ireaay. arrangea.aie Council Forecasts1 for -Toayl Th. Meteorological Office iftix3rtti6 following forecasts for- tbe- twoBtytfom boors ending' 'midnight "-j Gnenl An mnUcjeloitft oorttiuc tlw Brithh" Isl.

'cdotuis -slowly uattwsrds, and secoDduy is memos oatfa wtwtk over Southern, Karny. Weather, will" mainly tiir south, nther wvttedw'3a txtxem northern districts. London. Variable wind mainly lifihtjbr modeiat, mainly fair IT YisibilUt good. apart rfroxn local 1 morning: zsiit or ioj; warmer, bnt stoudcU lroaL locally night.

S.E.. and N-W. 1 Enilaod. liaV-Wea and Norih -Midlands, South and North 'Wale. Variable wind, mainly light or moderate: mainly iair; food, apart irom local' mornliu mist or fog; but ground Irost locallj-at i nifht.

S.K. Enxixnd. Wind north-wrst, liabV or moderate. fair ah firct. later crhajn local abowers; irulbilur good; somt- cloudy, i a i asd vimsuiKi, uut s'ouun ixvv locally at Dlg-ot.

S.W.'-SeoUandT Wind" Tariable to" north-weit, licht ot moderatt; visibility good: aomewhat warmer, bat (round frott locally at ni.bt. Irish Sea. -Variable Debt to Dderate: floe to apart Irom local coaital mist or los tea alight or moderate. OotlooW Fait in aouthern wettirn diitrtcts, probably far soma dayt, ceo minx warmer: rather in the YESTERDAY IN A Nt HESTER MThit-rorth -Park Meteorological Obatrvatory. Wednesday, May 11, Fine, cooler.

Barotneter, Tendency i Falliafr Barometer, 9 p.m. (Millibar,) IVubr Yeiterda- 1,031 Temperature a. Dry bulb 9 a.m. ...49 Maximum Dry bulb 9 p.m.- 47 45 Mmimum To-day. Yeat.

55 53 45 Humidity (percentage) 9 a.m. 54 9 p.m. 65 Ealnfall (in millimetres) Sunihice (hanrs) 10-6 Teste rday. 70 50 Seta. 4 23 4 37 a.m.

Sun rues. Sets. 856 8 57 i Moon ritea. 4 06 p.m.. 5 12p.ro..

5 15 lo-morrow 5 13 For everv ten rallns north nt tAMF-TlMK FOB VEHICLES 9 56 p.m. MOTOR LAMPS FOB NBMBBE PLATES 9,28 pirn. Mt niro motoriita to licht all Ulominated bnt the lamp which ehinea on the number uub uo hi. ai, tun earner nour axaied. CLERGYMAN'S 197,000 ESTATE.

Large Bequests for Church Purposes. The Key. "William Martin Spencer, of East Grinstead, Sussex, Vicar of St. Michael, Swanmore, Isle of 'Wight, 1884-9, and for 27 years vicar of -St: John the Baptist, Holland 'Boad; London. who died on March 6 "last, aged" 82 left estate of the value of 197,299.

After private ieves ino residue ot tne property as to Fonr-tenths -tp- St. Chad'a Collcie. part ol the UniTcrslty ol Durham. SSrfJK3 V5 tbf Colleio, IJchlSeld. -3 el Mimonary Collci.

ol St. Peter and St. Paul. Xtarchcrter. vSE? the Sacred Mluibn, Kelhnm.

Newark-on-Trent, and One-tenth to tbe Colleae the Keiurrectioa, Mir-nein. i Bolton Spinner's Estate. Mr. Felix Cot-trill, of High View- House, Belmont Boad, Bolton, cotton spinner, who died, on last, in his'69th year, has left estate of the value 'of 66,400. He" leaves 150 to Marshall Bentle'y, chauffeur, and-50 to Sidney Cooper, gardener; if by -service.

There are residual -bequests of 1,000 to George's Hospital, London, and' 500 to the Bolton Infirmary. Manchester Man's Bequests! Mr. William Heap," of the Nook, 68, Glen Kldon" Boad, St. Annes-on-Sea head'of Messrs: J. H.

Wrathali, London Boad) Manchester, mesit salesmen," formerly Unionist candidate for the Gorton Division, left 7,036.. his wife's death he gives Church'wrden of Baroahai, -350 to the Churchwarden! ol St. Akbey to the CharcWrdent St. Lalrt't, Ohorltcn. on Medlock.

0: Maochnter Oorpotatlon. 1,000 in nrirato 'of the'reridne to tbe Manchetter Cathedral Workinr Women Homo, Molior, near Marple. One-third to Ancoats Hospital, and One-third 'to tho 'ot 'St. Luke's. OhorltonoD-Medlocfc.

Other Wills. Jifr. Oscar 'of 38, Eton Avenue," HampsteaJ, London, JT.W. 198,444 Mr. of -4, Boad, Scarborough, managing director of Messrs.

Kitchin tanners and curriers, -Meanwood- Boad; Leeds 67,509 John -of- Childwell Farm. and of Street, potato mer- oamm 14,228 Mrs. Sarah Beaiilandi Qf Firth 10,916 "Mr. Anthony Drake (48) "of -22, Parkfield Bradford Moor, Bradford, wool-salesman 9,428 -Mr. William Hainswo'rth 68), of -7, Stanley Bury, boot dealer 4 522 WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR.

Celebrations in France. following is-the' general "programme of the festivities in France "on the occasion of -the "ninth centenary of the birth-of William the Conqueror." The festivities will take place at-Falaise on the 3rd and th On 'the Sunday morning' there' will be a'rec'eptioh of the local authorities and 'of the invited a solemn -muiicaj Mass conducted by Bishop of and 'a' banquet at the In there will be.a-reconstitution'of of Falaise inthe. eleventh century, "carried out' ui xTzeniont, the. distmguished''Nc'an 'hYBtorian; 'The general scheme TyihV be the' welcome" extended to his suite' returning, BaUIe 'for. rest' 'ar -In- the Castle of Falai th.

Conqueror will' preside kt- a Courtbf Love, at which there -wil a artistic life of and.in which repre sentattvea of rnnZ. rf night the town wfll be iUuminaied. -s- un- uie louowmgiday -be a vuuicxeius Dy frofessor Frentout on William's characteristics aa a muii8ryr and and, uierowiii atsooe vi3Us.to-tiietown and its In the Castle- armmaitit.tCm. i artists of the Prahcxise ruie.r.aevfitoland;!'.-; the poetical. Viscount: BornKr.

ruRht. the -townwill be en' On the the igneste rtrul go on to Bpuen where festivities are planned for the Tuesday and the Wednesday. -j-- House Vof, fTraltornstiBaj. House ot: v'SHeport (Lord iTOLNE ORPHEUSi i- fiuccessive' yuswriy were- placwf finiat yex xne Chancerrof the lO-W: Action rfor-r trial TmU-. Manchester 'b 7 matter, but Mr.

Weiston's' version- of. the Mayor of Carlisle's remarks is different from the account which I read in a-Carlisle paper tbat I feel I ought to, draw, attention to it. -In that account there was no refer ence 'to 'congestion in public-houses, but to congestion-in the'eentre of 'the ably. in the streets, due to the increased 'bus -The Jlsyoi drew to, the fact that half of the people of drunkenness were' not residents' in' Carlisle, and said that from close observation and an; intimate of the. city, he could safely lay tbat Carlisle compared most favourably with like cities in the: conduct and sobriety.

'of its people." If tbat account be I cannot agree that the Mayor's statement-can be looked on as a "grave indictment" of the Carlisle scheme: quite the contrary, it seems to' me. The.petition. signed by clergymen and other ministers quoted by-Mr. Courtney must carry some weight; though, corresponding expressions of opinion, praying for the continuance of the system were signed by clergymen and ministers in. 1920, and again in 1926; and the.

Bishop of Carlisle, an address which he, gave in Newcastle last year, spoke most' strongly in favour of the scheme. In regard to -the resolutions' passed by the B.W.T.'A. and' similar societies, one would like to know, Tather than the membership of the the numbers of members actually present at the meetings at which the resolu tions1 were and one 'cannot shut one's eyes to the fact that these associations, disapprove fundamentally and a priori of anything short of prohibition, or local -leto, whatever the merits of other 'things may be in other persons' views. 'Mr. Graham gives no, reason (or Mr.

Courtney quotes none) for his opinion and Mr. Holt's attitude is that of the. extremist the accursed thing must not be touched: he will not discuss merits or demerits. My contention is that, no pro- jgress is possible if our policy is to be that of the extremists, but that the policy of State purchase does permit of progress, and progress if it does not attain, the goal which the extremists themselves desire. Yours, J.

Public Analyst's Laboratory, 10, Bean Street, Newcastle-on-Tyne, May 10. THE BENSON COLLECTION. To the Editor of 'the Manchester Guardian. Sir, The qualities that characterise a work of art such' as any one of the old Italian masters, now on view at the Manchester Art Gallery are usually too subtle and elusive for the ordinary visitor like Art-gallery catalogues are seldom helpful; they are more often devoted to the painter or. the period than to the picture.

we as a community must be very grateful to Mr. and Mrs. Benson and the Art Gallery Committee for the present privilege, as an outsider in art matters (and therefore one of those who count) I have to confess that to me the exhibition as a whole is sombre and depressing, sadly lacking in beauty and colour. That is a personal opinion, likely due to my lack of knowledge of jiffcaji' constitutes art. Here and "there 'ionfe feare 'commands atten-tiop.

There jire, for instance, that wonderful drawing qf and the frontal hair in the Benvenutb 'picture No. 9 (a portrait, the way, which Thomas Hardy would describe as- a. spiritualised image of out King's daughter); the eloth-of-gold drapery of tho Madonna in the Crivelli 58): the happy position of the Child's" right hand in the Messina (No. 37), and the" cracked' and dislodged pavement in No. 69.

Against these one can set the extraordinary mis spelling of the Lorenzo Costa 19) and negroid Christ in No. 59, To me these are little touches, more or less' happy, which will take me frequently to the exhibition. Probably, however, they are not the particular'- features of stvlp nr technique that give those pictures their value or their appeal as treasures of art. There arc doubtless other points about them, or perceptive, which I have failed to absorb. Take "Hylas and the Nymphs (No.

65). What are the particular qualities or details which make that a' work of artt Mere age, I take it, is insufficient. 10 me tne picture, subject and delinea tion, is wholly mbnstrqus and horrible, and yet' there must be something more' in it which my perception has failed to pick up, oecause your commentator, B. D'. calls it Of course realine that 1 am 'hopelessly at fault in these things and that I ought to know better.

But I do not know better, and I apprehend that many omer visitors to the Art Gallery during the ensuing three months will -experience the same Can Mr. award help us to a better un- derstandingt We are' anxious to appre ciate the' good -things provided' for us. but lack of understanding frequently masks the obvious. Is it possible for a small descriptive card to "be pinned alongside each exhibit tor a note printed the' catalogue) describing in" a -few words the main idea of the picture, and calling 'attention to 'its particular qualities The matter seems to be already at hand in Mr. Benson's "catalogue raisonne." Something of 'this nature, 1 imagine, immensely' improve our capacity to absorb and understand, so that we should presently he to assess proper art values ourselves, and corns to lovea picture for the pleasure its contemplation gives.

ns" and not because of the re. -nutation' of man' painted it. Tours, 4c, WniiAsi Pobthouse. No. 7, Chandos Boad, Beaton Chapel, U.

TOE LATE MR. LANGFORD. To th. Editor, of Via Stttnchtttn 'Guardian. At the annual of the Blackpool Society great regret was expressed the death of Mr.

Samuel Langford, the nhai rm an remarking that 'he was not only the" justest of critics, but was also the- kindest. -While never deviating from, a' high- standard, he would go out" of his-way "to -find- merits in sny performance which'' was, orjyiously, sincere. Tieflei of has- always" been felt in Yours, t- "-'jt-s tr- 1 r.l-''3 iThe Becoadar School, Baikes Parade, iL' jhTHEj fPRATc-B(WKr- fo tA Bditor ft MaxeAeiUr' Guardian fSirVIn1' 'his letter the --iioceskn Conference- and; the deposited-'' book; Mr: Bridge; wrU Uie" clieltbaVCher'cpii-. that snggtstion bein tua Tiot na an of against. wonierenc iberi duty to impress upbn their' child-what an incompetent- little creature he "is, and what immensely wise and capable people they said, Dr.

-A. Potts, psychological expert to the Birmingham- 'addressing the' Parents' National -Educational Conference at Oirencester on mental distress in children to-day. In this way, he continued, the cliild is often given a sense of inferiority which has a baneful influence all through his life. A creat deal of "mental distress, leading to ill-health is caused by parents and other adults wno implant this sense of inferiority in a child during his early years. should be encouraged to do things for themselves in their own, way, however crude their attempts may seem to their elders.

Children of the "Peter Pan" or "Mary Rose" type, who do not wish to grow up, are often sjifiering from a feeling of inferiority. Life seems" very difficult to them. When a child feels that he is below the ordinary level he- will shrink from facing life at all. He will not. know the cause, but it will be there.

Constant nagging and snubbing have a more injurious effect upon the child. -The mismanagement of genius in early life is the. undoubted explanation of why so many geniuses are unhappy and erratic in later life. Unwanted Ch'dd's Blight. It is accepted by many authorities that our disposition, temperament, and attitude to life are largely determined by the age of seven j-ears.

I believe, that the most important day in those seven years is the-first day. The parents' attitude to a child before it is bom has also an enormous influence on its life. The unwanted child has a blight on it from the 'first day it is born. The only child, too, is inevilably subject to mental strain or distress before he can take a proper place in He will be com pelled while a child' to take on the difficult task of adjusting his life to that of older fieople instead of living his own child life, is' bad for him and his Parents claim that they restrict their family in the interest of the one 'child, but tie' greatest benefit a child, can have in early life la from contaet-with other children, prefoiably his Own brothers and sisters, who can do something for him that no one else can. The best kind of paternal or-maternal love, develops only, in parents who have a family which is not too smau.

a child the oontmual sensual pleisure of suckim? a comforter often provides, I Jlrnily believe, the first down- warn sien in tne career of a drunkard. Promote Self-Expression. One of the most important factors in the lives of many delinquents is that they have never had a mother's love. A' child should have an -ODoortunity of expressing all the ability he may He must never thwarted in his -wish to practise music or learn painlins because his father does not believe in such nonsense. In choosing a proiession tne aim ehould bo not merely to follow a career because it was mapped out by the mrent.

but to do that. mill lead to ihe fullest "development of the self and thus the discharge of one's duty to jueuof ssx snouia oe explained to a child answering his questions as soon as thev are asked. Onoctmn be encouraged. Tho onlv precaution should oh io Bive simple, direct answer, and uuuiini; more. Big and Little Fish, "We believe that the educational net must be cist into all waters," said Miss Kitching, director of the Parents' Union School.

Schools entering the fierce struggle for existence must get credit with big fish, and -so the -mesh is made wide enough to catch only tho 'biggest fish, allowing more iiiuio niiiu uaiies to unly when we see that not even the least of the little wires escape wni education take her rightful place. CHURCH OF ENGLAND IN INDIA. Bill for Self-Government. inc text was issued last' night of the Indian Church Bill, introduced in the House of lords on Tuesday by XoTd Birkenhead anu 01 the Draft Indian Church Measure Church Assembly). legislation proposes to sever the legal connection between the Church of England and the Church-of Eng land in India, and to provide for the con tinuance of the Ja'tter body as a body legally separate and independent of the Church of England and entitled -to' govern its own affairs.

-The composition of the Church of England in-India to-day differs very widely from its composition during the first 150 years of its existence. A century ago" English people or their descendants formed the overwhelming majority ihe Church of England' in India, and that majority contained a very large number of men and women whose residence -in the -East, was' only temporary. At that date -the total" members -of' the church cannot have exceeded' 73,000, of which not more than 10,000 were Indian At the -census of 1921 -the total 'members of he church were 533, ISO. this total 106,758 were British, 37.241 Anglo-Indians, -and 357,160 Indian The last number is -very rapidly increasing "The time has of in India urges, to remove all legal obstacles -to the spiritual development'- of the self-government- of this" great Indian As part of the it is sought to repeal the provision of -the by which the Metropolitan in India was subject- to. 'he general superintendence and revision of the.

Archbishop of Canterbury. The 'present Archbishop of Canterbury 'has 'expressed his -concurrence abroad: Ancient Order Froth -Blowers, has extended ita activities, to Berlin, of -the. English colony having- on Tuesday assembled "-vat," elected officers, and held their first practice of the anthem. IS" meeting 'in has-'decided to adjourn until its next session the question to the'Unianlof Universities Gottihsen, "Heidelberg; Leipog, Vienna, and Budapest Mayor Walker, Xew-York, has uuneimt prt, nmnniun tn -nlitsin 1.000.000 for. the- establishment ainatkmal cancer.

HewJYorfc- -It ywas, inauguration 'dinner that one out of every -'en personam at the 0 is afflicted with cancer, and 'there are 100,000 aeatlis -annually" -from the: disease irV-' at'DarebnW atatM-'ta have iviij limes an nour mc of' the: toT have' "killed and wuuuea mia. a leieszapu-pwK' 1 ever, Pirandello gave them a drama, which, for all the subtlety of its characterisation, contains no riddles and suggests no metaphysical implications. The "Wives' Lady is a straightforward drama, -and by" 'general agreement the finest of the species that has come to birth in Italy for some The Admirable'. Marta. -The central character of this play is a lovely and elegant girl of 2, Mart, whose early youth has passed in a whirl of incipient love affaiis.

Beyond the incipient stage these have never Why! Perhaps, all her admirers found her a little too perfect of body and mind to he envisaged as a companion on equal terms. Perhaps she was too disdainful of the artifices by which 'affairs" are carried beyond the first into the more exciting stages. Anyway, one after the other hei might-have-been lovers or husbands pass on to less exacting and more normal attractions. Marta's emotional consolation is found in cultivating the friendship of their wives, to each of whom she becomes the -perfect counsellor, and helper in time of trouble. She sits by 'their bedside when they are ill, helps them to find houses and furnish them, and never gives them cause for a moment's jealousy.

Probably all the ex-admirers of Marta realise, as time goes on. that Mart is worth a great deal more than4 then-respective wives. Only one of them, however, Francesco Venzi, is rendered positively unhappy by the sense that he has thrown awuy a pearl of great price. Even he, however, is master of disappointment until, at the opening of this play, the latest newly married couple, Fausto and Elena Viani, return from their honeymoon with the knowledge that Elena is the victim of a heart disease which in au likelihood numbers her days. In Francesco's turbid and tortured soul this at once conjures up the vision of Fausto released fromhis wife whose shorteominos he will hv xnow have realised and duly contrasted with the superior merits of Maita and happiiy married to his and Francesco's first love.

A morbid restlessness drives him, to hover perpetually around the sick Elena, insinuating to her that her husband has never ceased to love Marta, that- this supposition alone explains Marta's astonishing interest in the affairs of their household, and that, both of them are awaiting impatiently the moment of her death as a release. The same suggestions Francesco makes to' Fausto himself, and by reason of that element of truth au element which the good-hearted Fausto endeavours to conceal from himself. wmcn is in tnem these insinuations infinitely wound and distress the sick woman's husband. What will Happen The last act is in the bedroom of Elena, a scene of 3ubduediights and sounds. Even to the deathbed of Elena' the turbid Fran cesco is driven.

by his jealous These' are now jn'faot, largely as the result of his own justified, for the dying Elena has resigned herself to the Inevitability of Fausto's- union with Marta and has delicate wise given It ner assent and Deneuiction. Kound tne bed. side are assembled Fausto; Francesco, and, of course, Marta. Elena is' dying. Fausto turns bitterly on Francesco, accusing him of being the' cause of the relapse which has brought his wife so near death.

There is an angry, tense scene. Then Elena dies. Francesco's presence is almost forgotten. The husband and Marta lay outdoor Elena's body. Fausto is prostrate with grief and remorse.

Mirta drags him away -from -the body to an adjoining room, where he inks on the sofa. A moment after Francesco slides alongside him, points a revolver, and shoots him dead. The shot is heard. The household rushes in. He's shot himself, poor fellow," declares Francesco to them, and they believe him.

Only Marta at glance' knows what has Happened, and the curtain, goes down on the lily 'of purity left alone with her wild, jealous" lover. And the solST-enigma of- the play is will happen to -them I EPILElTIC MOTHER. ThoughtMarriage Would Improve Her Why did you allow her to get married asked the Hull. Coroner yesterday a woman who informed nun that her daughter had suffered from epilepsy since she was sixteen. "The doctor -said she would improve," replied the woman.

The Coroner Marriage for epilepsy is a new treatment to. The inquest in progress" concerned ths death of the nine-month-old -baby of Mrs. Margaret Cowlam, the -wife of a- fish worker, The -child was found lying on' a sofa with its' nightdress burned, "and its mother was upstairs, apparently suffering-, from the effects of a Called to -give evidence, Mrs Cowlam' had slight "seizure in court, recovering, said she knew nothing of how the-' child was xr Coroner returned an open remarking that epileptic people were capable ui automatic movements unaex. epilepsy. LIBRARIANS' SUMMER SCHOOL.

The ninth 'Summer School for those" -'eh- gaged in. library, service, orraniaedhy the National Library: of Wales and. the! Library-: Association, will be held at Aberystwyth from the 9th to the Prac tically every phase will" be with" A can -be director of the National-Jithrary-of wui reply wr any inquiries irom intending students. ":7 BRITISH MALAYA'S IMPORTS OF CTTpN Importa.orcottoh piego; in saronga, ouuj iiir U1UU.LU3 vi January ana Febraary; last rVere -valued', at ai compared with S2 'in the cOTOspond-ii-period of of County tect ito for tSeverection of. al 1 new ichool for- the" teaching domestic pool THOMAS LEE, ol.ThomaLS tlCiXEw.

Manchejtet.c (and, Jcrmarly ol CoUuigbariiidii' WeoLEOD. On Mny" Bl" Literal JJRtV''' Hector oL.at.-AiSSk'nhM'- Canrch tomorrow" (Friday), 'i'M fnHor' i -f the Sontaern-Qirmeat1 JotL' i lufiea O. BroomfcSfe'nSiw -r pJK2 i Chcrch. thia 'if-' BtreUbid 'Cemetery. Wnxh, Utanr-BerrV.

5- tk dey-fThnnaaylat three.o'ijoik"?': STOTTJ-On sth-rnat itiig'i'M-'i-'' ''V" "B-S at bm rV -J thart-'in tW'-' 'i-PV ayrTt.v- 'y; poiuunpu u. xhjui out mac una h1.