The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 5

THE MANOHESTEH GUARDIAN, TUESDAY, FKBRU AR 14, 1865. 2EST NEWS, -CHESTER. TUESDAYMORNING. Feb. 14.

The following telegrams have been received by, jlr. Router: AUSTRIA. Vienna, Monday. meeting of the menibera greed with the Keiohsratb, that the "Mmm to the the principal POPV aat there was a throne. He regretted Government and divergence of opinion and GaUicia.

the House "Vefer Jd Soatia will, however, The Diete of Hungary ana meet simultaneously convoked immediately which is positively to after the close of ma(Je by tne Qovern-Energetic efforts wiefltion of the Duchies to a ment to bring 1 Government will submit S' wilsforthe budgets of 1865 and Aran of a new customs tariff will be sub-Sd to "he in the course of next milh It bas been decided to form an interna. 2 1 comimssion of inquiry, composed of several between commercial relations by a mutual leduction ot tariffs. PRUSSIA. Berlin, Monday. The Government Commissioner stated to-day before the Committee on the budget, that the Gom-ment had taken from the public treasury 5 000000 thalers for the payment of the war ex-nenses and 5,000,000 thalers for carrying out the Btax regulation, the latter amount being con-Sdered as an advance made to the Government.

Herr Von Hoverbeck moved that the Committee should declare that the Ministry were not justified in appropriating 10,000,000 thalers mtiie Pc treasury in addition to the budget for 1864, without authority from the Chamber, and that they should be held personally responsible for this act. lhe Committee postponed its resolution on this motion until after its discussion on the general budget. FRANCE, Pabis, Monday. The interest on. Treasury Bonds has been fixed at li per cent for three to five months' bonds, 4 per clnt for six to eleven months', and ih per cent for bonds of one year.

The Papal Nuncio, Monsignor Chigi, had an audience of the Minister for Foreign Affairs this morning. The Bourse was heavy. The Three per Cents closed at 07f. 15c. Marseilles, Sunday.

According to letters received here from Rome, rumours were current in that city that the Papal Court, although dissatisfied with the letter of the. Emperor Maximilian, would not withdraw the Papal Nuncio from Mexico, but at the same time had determined not to conclude a concordat with that country. The hurricane which has prevailed at Marseilles has moderated, but the cold is still intense. OUt tO tha klllffdom n. m-mial TAwtnvK having one representative, and one poUtical party; and thus they would be approximating to that poUtical miilenium which some enthusiasts said was before them.

(Laughter and applause.) He had a remark to make to another pai ty in the borough. There was a large portion of the population who were not invested with the poUtical franchise. He hoped that those persons would recollect that, although there was no official tie between him and them, yet he should at aU times be anxious to promote their interests, to extend the benefits of enlarged commercial freedom, knowing that it would react upon their industrious pursuits. In every mode in which he could assist the general prosperity of the borough, his services, without regard to poUtical opinions or party distinctions, should at aU times be available. (Applause.) Some ardent reformers were occasionally very severe with the Liberal Government, because they did not progress quickly enough.

There was a duty resting upon the people as well as upon the Ministry on that point. The Liberals must, as a party, be more united throughout the country, and send to the House of Commons a larger majority in support of Liberal measures than, he was sonry to say, were to be found there. Then they might, with consistency, caU upon By ftera1 Ministry to advance with the views that they were anxious to see promoted, and thus by so doing he should not despair of seeing any desirable practicable improvemant in the extension of the franchise, and of the liberties and rights of the citizens. It would ill become him to detain that meeting by any further observations. He could only acknowledge, as he had done before, the kindness which had been shown him, the frank reception which had been given to him, and the confidence that had been reposed in him.

He hoped that the happy inauguration of their mutual duties that day was but a symbol of that confidence apd trust between them which he hoped was to be continued so long as the connection should exist. (Applause.) He thanked the electors for the honour they had con- uuu, uu express ea tne aesire tnac, supported by them, he should be of some benefit to the borough. He hoped that his nomination had accomplished the union of the Liberal party. If that great" object should have been obtained in Salford by his humble instrumentality, it alone would be a gain of which he should indeed be proud. It would have been to him a somewhat painful position to be placed in direct opposition to his friend, Mr.

O. Hey wood, who gave him bis cordial support when a candidate for the county; and he trusted, although there might be some minor differences of opinion in their poUtical views, that on some further opportunity he should again have Mr. Hey wood's influence, and obtain his kind support as in days past. (Applause.) On the motion of Mr. J.

Higoin, seconded by Mr. Cheetham, a vote of thanks was passed to the Mayor for presiding, and the proceedings terminated. SUICIDE OF GEORGE VICTOR TOWN LEY. (By Electric Telegraph.) George Victor Townley, the murderer of Miss Godwin, destroyed himself on Sunday by jumping over the staircase raiUngs in Pentonville prison, on his return from chapel. THE JEWELLERY ROBBERY AT MR.

HOWARD'S. Yesterday, at the City Police Court, John Moores, Dominic JDaly, John Kay, John Hartley, Lucy Moores, and Elizabeth Moores, were brought up the men charged with breaking into the shop of Mr. J. Howard, Market-street, between the 4th and 6th instant, and stealing a quantity of jewellery, value about 3,000 and the women with being accessories after the fact. A third woman, named Esther Ann Barker, taken by the police, was not brought up, she having been confined and removed to the workhouse.

The charge was formally stated against the prisoners by Mr. Superintendent Gee, and an application was made on behalf of the prisoners for a remand to Thursday. As the prosecution also required time to complete their case, the application was granted. The Austrian Government has just prohibited the clergy of Gallicia from receiving subscriptions for the benefit of the refugee Polish priests. A Vienna letter mentions that the directors of all the journals in that city, without distinction of party, have addressed a petition to the Austrian Government, complaining of the present legislation on the press, and praying for a modification of it.

A certain number of the French prelates," says the Patrie," intend being present at the Easter festival in Some, where the Pope will hold a secret consistory, in which he is to express his sentiments on the Convention of the 15th On Saturday a blue-book was published containing the correspondence relative to the annexation of British Kaffraria to the Cape colony. From Mr. Card-well's despatch, dated the 9th of January, we learn that it is his intention to introduce into ParUament a bill for enabling Her Majesty, by order in Council, to annex the colony of British Kaffraria to the Cape colony. Bubglabs and Iron Safes. The following suggestion is made in a letter to the Times: Sir, Allow me, in the interest of the 'defence' party, to suggest that safes should be made to revolve on a strong pivot and frame, securely fastened to the floor on which they stand, instead of being fixtures.

A revolving safe could not be successfully acted upon by a crowbar, as the necessary force or weight could not be brought to bear. If made in a circular form, instead of square, the safe would revolve more easily, be far more convenient and sightly in a small room or office, and could not be kept steady by confederates while the chisel or crowbar was being applied by the leader of the I remain, sir, your obedient servant, C. E. Sabine. Oswestry, February 10." Public Income and Expenditure.

Yesterday morning there was issued an account of the pubUc income and with balances in the Exchequer, The income for the year ending on the 30th of September last from Customs, Excise, stamps, taxes, Sec. was 70,373,945. 0s.3d.; expenditure, 67,786,373. 18s. leaving a balance of 2,587,571.

Is. lid. on the side of income. At the date mentioned the balances of the public money in the Exchequer were as foUows: At the Bank of England, 3,994,224. lis.

at the Bank of Ireland, 937,205. 15s. total, 4,931,430. 6s. 7d.

The total revenue for the year ending December 31 last was 70,125,374. 15s. expenditure, 67,883,404. 18s. 4d.

The balances in the Exchequer at the date mentioned were: Bank of England, 5,388,193. 3s. Bank of Ireland, 1,192,729. 10s. 8d.

Chuhch Rates. On Saturday the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council gave judgment in the case of Fry and Greata v. Treasure, which has previously been reported. The suit was to enforce payment from Levi Treasure. The contention was whether both churchwardens should sign a proxy to appoint a proctor.

Mr. Pritehard was appointed proctor; Mr. Crosse, as proctor for Treasure, protested against the suit; and the T)ian of Arches had dismissed the nroceediners. on the ground that both churchwardens should proceed to enforce a Church rate. Lord Cranworth deUvered the opinion of their Lordships, dismissing the appeal of Greata with costs.

It bad been argued that one churchwardenonght corruptly refuse to proceed, and additional difficulties in the collection of Church rates would be the consequence. Such was not the motive in this case. One churchwarden might think a rate invaUd, and decline to proceed in order to save a parish from Utigation. The appeal was dismissed with costs, and judgment given in favour of Treasure. Price op Gold in Amkbica.

The Montreal Gazette publishes a table, stating the price of gold for every day in the last thred years, as shown by the cash sales at the New York Stock Exchange. According to this table, the price in the early part of the year 1862 was as low as 101, but on the 15th of October it had risen to 137, and the year closed with the price at 133. Early in 1863, in February, just before the passing of the Gold-tax Bill, the highest price of the year was obtainod, 172; in August the lowest price, 122, was reached; the year closed with the price at 152. In 1864, the lowest price was at the beginmng of the year, when it was as low as 151; the highest was in July. It is marked 284 on the 11th of July, and on the 1st 285, which, however, may posssibly be a misprint for 258, as this last was the price on the 30th of June, and there was a considerable fall on the 2d of July, on the repeal of the Gold BiU.

1864 closed with the price a fraction above 226. Times. Austrian Subsidies to the Press. In the course of a recent debate the Reichsrath, Dr. Gakra complained cf the immense sums of money spent by the Austrian Government in supporting newspapers at home and abroad.

The Memorial Diplomatique L' Europe, and a "well-known weekly journal in London," were mentioned as the chief recipients of Austrian favours among the foreign journals. We are afraid the "weU-known weekly journal in London" does not do much for its money; but it appears that the smallest services are remunerated, and that "one journal is paid for keeping silence with regard to Austria." The semi-official organs published at Vienna, such as the Botschafter and the Consti -tutional Austrian Gazette, '-'receive large subventions and, always according to Dr. Giskra, do nothing in return but abuse the House of Deputies." There are three classes of newspapers, then, in the pay of the Austrian Government: newspapers without influence, such as the well-known weekly journal in London," which do not mind praising Austria; newspapers possessing a certain amount of influence which, without going so far as the well-known weekly journal," wfll consent not to speak of Austria at all; and newspapers of considerable influence in Vienna, which for the greater glory of the Austrian Government, abuse the Austrian House of Representatives. This seems a strange thing for the Constitutional Austrian Gazette to do, but we have the authority of Dr. Giskra for saying that that curiou3ly-named journal is in the habit of calumniating" the assembly to the existence of which Austria owes her character as a constitutional state.

Thus it maintains, among other things, that the Reichsrath is in league with the "European revolutionary party." The journals which for the sake of so much a year from the Austrian Government have been representing the Reichsrath as a sort of Jacobin club have made a serious mistake. In their inability to understand Parliamentary institutions they have failed to understand that it is the Reichsrath which votes the Government supplies. The Austrian Parliament had been asked to vote 500,000 florins for secret service money, of which it knew that a portion was to be spent in hiring Uterary assassins to make attacks upon parliamentary government. This was, fact, asking the victim to pay for the knife with which he was to be stabbed. One member proposed to refuse the money altocetber; Dr.

Giskra was for granting the fifth part of ttlTsum demanded; and ultimately, by some umntel-Ueibhmpromise, as much as 200 florins i was voted. Th however, was 300,000 florins less than the Govem-it wouired; ad we hope the "well-known weekly SurnaThSao" as well the constitutional journals jVTt-. raiMish articles isamst constitutionalism. WLTlI A. On Sunday night, Detectives Whitly nail Winn, of Sheffield, Police Constable Pople, Inspector lijucher the county constabulary), and another officer, went to a lonely place near Stannington, in search of I''d ward Hull one of the men suspected' of having committed the mur derous outrage upon Mr.

Burnby, in Broomhall Park, Sheffield, on Christmas-eve. They called up UaU'a uncle and inquired for the nephew. The uncle replied that he was at the house on Friday night, but had gone away The uncle's house forms one of a block of three houses, with some workshops attached. During tho conversation with the uncle two relatives from an adjoining house entered, apparently to inquire what the intrusion was about. They were asked as to Hall's whereabouts, and gave evasive answers.

The officers left the Stanningtoa policeman in the house to take care that neither of the two visitors nor any of the inmates should leave the house. They then determined to thoroughly search the premises. It was arranged that Whitely and Inspector Boucher should make the search, and that Winn and Pople should keep guard outside. Part of the premises consists of two workshops over each other, the upper one reaohed by a ladder from the lower one, a well as by adoor from an adjoining bedroom. UaU noiselessly descended this ladder while the officers inside were being impeded as much as possible in their search by tha uncle, and bounded past Pople.

Winn, who stood near door a Uttle further from the house, seeing the fellow approach, dashed at him, staff in hand. The encounter was dreadful, and both the officer and the thief were dashed to the ground. Both sprang to their feet, and Winn clutched the feUow by the neck as he was bounding away. Then foUowed a severe struggle. UaU was without coat or necktie, and his braces were tied tightly round his waist above which he had no clothes to seize hold of, except a shirt, which- was rent to pieces instantly it was grasped.

Winn sei.ed the fellow by the neck, but he twisted from his like an eel, and down a steep rough road with ruts nearly a foot deep, and as hard with the frost as stone, they roUed over and over. Now on their feet, now on the ground, they fought desperately. The struggle had lasted but a few momenta when Pople rushed to the assistance of Winn. Kail at onoa attacked him, utterly disabling him for a few moments. Winn took advantage of the encounter with Pople to improve his hold, and the struggle bet weon the detective and the thief was renewed with unabated energy.

Hall's efforts were directed to enable him to clear a low wall, bounding the road on which the struggle took place. Winn struggled with all his might to prevent him, and in their encounter they repeatedly fell against the wall. As they struggled and fell Winn more than once lost his hold of the ruffian, but had hold again before the feUow could regain his feet. At length, finding no other handhold, Winn seized UaU firmly with both hands by the hair of bis head, and again dashed him to the ground. At this moment Pople rushed again upon him, and he at length called out that he would yield.

Winn, however, stuck to him, and would listen to no terms but those of handcuffing. UaU made a last desperate attempt, but found it impossible to shake off either of his captors, and therefore quietly allowed himself to be handcuffed. Having been handcuffed. Hall walked with his captors to the house, which Wbiteley and Inspector Boucher were still searching, quite unaware of the dreadful encounter which had been going on outside for something like ten minutes. Hall was bleeding profusely, and suffering from concussion of the brain.

When taken to the station, he said he was going to die, and prayed that the Lord would receive him. Subsequently he became insensible, as was indicated by the fact that while the wounds on his scalp were being stitched up ha showed not the least sign of feeling. Yesterday he had regained consciousness, but was so ill that it was not considered safe to remove him from the Town HaU to the Infirmary. Winn, by whose exertions he was mainly captured, is covered with bruises, and laid up with a sprained knee and other severe injuries. THE CORPORATION OF LONDON AND THE UTILISATION OF SEWAGE.

The Coal, Corn, and Finance Committee of the Corporation of London have just presented a report on this subject to the Court of Common Council, containing the following conclusions: "Your committee find that Baron Liebig's analysis of the various fertilising matters found in sewage and in Peruvian guano have led him to the conclusion that in 823 tons of the London sewage, taking its total annual amount at 266,000,000 tons, there is as much ammonia as in one ton of Peruvian guano, and, estimating the value of the ammonia, phosphoric acid, and potash found in a ton of guano to be worth 7. 14s. he is of opinion that the fertilising matter contained in one ton of sewage is worth l-84d. and the annual amount of the metropolitan sewage is worth 2,040,715. He, however, further states as follows: 'If the ammonia be reckoned at the price that the farmer pays at present for it in Peruvian guano, the ton of sewer water would be worth something more than the double of that This would give 4,081,430 as the annual value of the metropolitan sewage; a sum somewhat larger than that arrived at by your Committee, basing this estimate on the analysis of the Messrs.

Hoffmann and Witt, and the present retail price of Peruvian guano, which price must necessarily rule that of every other manure. Your Committee further find that Baron Liebig points attention to the power of soils to abstract from sewage tbe fertilising matters therein contained, but that of all soils pure sand possesses this power in the smaUest degree. And, with reference to the dilution of the sewage, he states as follows: 'A series of experiments with artificial sewer water proved that a dilution with water, as great as that of the sewage of the metropolis, in nowise diminishes the absorbing effect of the soiL I found, moreover, last summer, by experiments regarding the growth of plants, that a soil completely saturated with manuring matter, did not, as might be supposed, further the development of the plants' growth; for to many, on the contrary, it was Your committee further find that Baron Liebig conclusively proves the fitness of sewage as a manure for arablo land and general farming purposes; and emphatically points attention to the error of continually applying one description of manure to land. He states as foUows: 'No one will ever think of supplying the fuU effect of farmyard dung by the employment of phosphates or guano; nor is it to be done either by the use of sewage. The chief value of sewage lies in this That by its application the effects of phosphates, guano, and stable dung are made sure and lasting and the crops raised to that maximum which the soil can produce, because by means of sewer water those elements are given which are wanting in those other manures, or are present in them in but smaU Baron Liebig, however, shows by a comparison between the constituents of sewage and those required for the proper nourishment of grass, that although it will undoubtedly benefit that crop, yet that it is less suitable for it than any other to which it could be applied, and wiU vield a much less profitable return and that whereas the fertilising matter contained in a ton of the London sewage, if appUed to arable would be worth l84d taking guano sold at 7.

14s. per ton aS the standard of value, it would only be worth 2-8 farthing used for grass, that being a3 Baron Liebigh states, three eighths of that which 1 computed its aboslute value to be. The reason of this difference is, that sewage water contains an excess of ammonia and phosphoric acid, which is without effect on the growth of grass, and for this reason is not paid for. Ana further on, speaking of the appUcation of sewage to tha same crop, he states as follows:" In aU which by nature are adapted for the employment of sewage, its use in unquestionably an advantage. But if a large capital be required, in order first to adapt the ground for this purpose, the speculator would hardly profit anything, even though he obtained the sewage for a farthing a But with reference to its fitness for general farming purposes he states as follows: "The full value of sewage, and of itp separate constituents, can only be got out of it when it is employed on arable land.

While, in tbe case of a meadow, the whole of that which has been taken from it in the harvest sold must bereplaced in order to make the yield constant, it is sufficient, in the system of farm-yard manuring, to give the farm-yard manure those ingredients in addition which were taken from the ground in the preceding harvest, in tbe seeds and meat sold. The component parts of the straw remain on the farm, and therefore nothing to replace them. By means of Peruvian guano and phosphates the farmer replaces only a portion of these constituents. By means of sewage, on the contrary, be is fully enabled, with the proper addition of phosphates, to restore aU of them to his field, and to increase those particular ones which the field most wants, for giving higher and more constant crops. Sewage, as a never-fading source of ammonia, will prove to him of the greatest value when the supply of Peruvian guano is at an Turning from the examination of the admirable report of Baron Liebig to the scheme of the Messrs.

Hope and Napier, your Committee find that they not only propose to apply the sewage in enormous and wasteful quantities to grass exclusively, for which in their opinion, it is alone suitable, but that, as their plan is one of gravitation from first to last, the manure being applied by flooding the land from open gutters, it would be impossible, by their plan, to use it- on arable hud and for general farming purposes, as for such it must of necessity be appUed by the hose and jet, which system those gentlemen entirely repudiate, and hold up to ridicule. Your Committee having maturely considered the report of Baron Liebig, the greatest known authority upon agricultural chemistry, are of opinion that the scheme of Messrs. Hope and Napier, if it could be earned out, would be a glaring violation of the laws of agricultural science, from which the least possible increase to our home supplies of food would be obtained, as well as the smallest return to the ratepayers of the metropolis for their property." The J. E. H-, which sailed from Melbourne for London on the 16th of July; and the London, which left Gottenburg for London on the 2d of January, have not since been beard of.

The boiler of a locomotive engine burst at Leominster Railway Station, on Sunday morning. A good deal of damage was done to the station, but fortunately no lives were sacrificed. Thp Secretaryship of the Society fob thb Peopagatiow of thb Gospkl. We hear there is likely to be a contested election for this important office, vacant by the preferment and resignation of the Rev. Canon Hawkins, B.D.

The Standing Committee, alter- considering the claims of aU tbe candidates, decided upon recommendingthe appointment of the Rev. W. T. Bullock. M.A.

(Magdalen Hafi, Oxon), who has for fourbien years filled the office of assistant secretary. At the last meeting, when the Archbishops of Canterbury, York, and Dublin, with 21 other vice presidents, were present, the nomination of Mr. BuUock was agreed to by an overwhataruag maiority. It has, however, been announced that tha friends of another candidate-the Bar, C. O.

Goldia-nteod to propose him qx lx-tiffo DESPERATE JSKCOUKTEK CtAROTTEK. PARLIAMENTARY PROCEEDINGS. (by teleobaph.) HOUSE OF LORLS, Yestbrda. Their Lordships met at fie o'clock. On the motion of Lord HOUGHTON, a return was ordered of the number of unions or parishes that have availed themselves of the Act of July, 1864, enabling them to receive from the Metropolitan Board of Works the sums of money expended in the reUef of the casual poor, and of the unions where the guardians have provided new wards or other plaoes of reception for this class of poor.

Their Lordships then adjourned, at twenty-five minutes past five. HOUSE OF COMMONS, Yesterday. The Speaker took the chair at four o'clock. NEW WRIT. On the motion of Mr.

Pope Hennessy, a new writ was ordered for the county of Tipperary, in the room of The O'Donoghue, who has accepted a stewardship of the Cbiltern Hundreds. FIRE INSURANCE DUTY. Mr. H. B.

SHERIDAN gave notice of a resolution to the effect that a portion of any surplus ought to be devoted to the extinction of the fire insurance duty. THE IRISH MAIL SERVICE. In reply to Mr. Scully, Mr. F.

PEEL said that the Irish mail service had been very irregularly performed, and the Post-office had expressed considerable dissatisfaction to the contractors, but had not the power of enforcing the penalties under the contract until adequate accommodation was provided by the Government at Holyhead. Works were in progress, which, he believed, would be sufficient to enible the Government to enforce the penalties. FELONS' PROPERTY. In replv to Mr. C.

Forster, The ATTORN GENERAL said that it was intended to bring in a biU to alter the law of forfeiture oifcconvietion for felony. METROPOLITAN DRAINAGE. In reply to Lord Enfield, Mr. TITE said that the main drainage of the metro-poUs would be in operation on the 29th of March, except the sewer dependent on the Thames embankment. IRISH GRAND JURIES.

In reply to Mr. Hassard, Sir ROBERT PEEL stated that, having with the Attorney General for Ireland considered the laws relating to grand juries for Ireland, as they had promised to do last session, without having had from any quarter a single representation on the subject, they did not think it desirable to attempt a work of magnitude as a bill to alter those laws. The report of the Commission on Banks of Issue was brought up and agreed to, as was also the report on the Bank of Ireland (ConsoUdated Fund). QUALIFICATION FOR OFFICE. Mr.

HADFIELD moved the second reading of the QuaUfication of Offices Bill. Mr. NEWDEGATE would not oppose tho second reading, on condition that the bill was referred to a Select Committee. The bill was then read a second time, and ordered to be referred to a Select Committee. PRISONS.

Sir G. GREY moved for leave to bring in a biU to consolidate and amend the law relating to prisons. Last year he had brought in a bill based on the report of the Select Committee of the House of Lords. The object of the bill was to ensure greater uniformity in the management and discipline of prisons, especially with respect to the en forcement of the punishment of hard labour, with respect to wmcn great laxity prevailed, xnis diii was substantially the same as that which was withdrawn last year, after it had been re-committed. It was 42 years since tnere naa Deen a consouaation act, ana one was very much required now.

Hard labour, and the manner in which sentences were to be carried out, would be fixed in the act, and the visiting justices would not have power to alter tne regulations in tnis respect, or any otner contrary to the spirit of the act. With respect to tne dietary, ne naa not touna it possible to lay down any uniform scale. After tha second reading he should propose to rerer tne details of the bul to a Select Committee. After a brief discussion, leave was given to bring in the bill, which was read a first time. NEW BILLS.

Sir ROBERT PEEL brought in a bill to extend the powers of the Magistrates in Dublin to grant licences to deal in game. Sir HUGH CAIRNS brought in a bill to amend the Endowment and Augmentation of ft mall Benefices (Ireland) Act, 1860. Sir ROBERT PEEL brought in a bill to protect designs, at the Dublin Exhibition. Mr. AYRTON brought in a bill to faciUtate the raising of money by debentures on landed security.

Mr. NEWDEGATE brought in a bill for the commutation of Church rates. These bills were all read a first time; and the House adjourned at a quarter past six. A ship, described as "the Confederate iron-clad Stonewall," put into Corunna a few days ago. Truro Election.

At the nomination for Truro, yesterday, the show of hands was in favour of the Hon. Captain Vivian, Liberal. A poU was demanded on behalf of Mr. WilUams, Liberal Conservative. The Patrie of Lausanne, revives the story that M.

Guizot, who has become unpopular among his pro-testant co-reUgionists, is likely to become a convert to Romanism, and it adds the extraordinary canard, that the Pope is prepared to make him a cardinal. A singular accident has just occurred during a battue in the environs of Cracow. A young deer endeavoured to escape by leaping over the head of a gamekeeper, when its foot became entangled in the man's dress. Both he and the animal came to the ground together, and the deer in its struggles to get free broke the collar-bone and dislocated the arm of the keeper. It finally got away.

The Minister of Police at Vienna lately declared in the committee on petitions that the PoUsh prisoners would be set at liberty; they were, he said, to receive passports to proceed into Switzerland. But, on the other hand, the Federal Council, getting alarmed at the influx of refugees, is said to have advised the Cabinets of Paris and Turin of that fact, which seemed to them of a nature to create embarrassment Another Ice Accident. On Saturday, Mr. Benjamin Brough and Mr. WiUiam Brough, of the firm of Brougb, Brothers, and Co.

manufacturers, Longton (Potteries), went for a few hours' skating on a pool adjoining Park Hall, Longton. They were accompanied by Mr. John Walker. After skating for some time, the ice gave way beneath Mr. WiUiam Brougb, who fell into the water.

The most courageous efforts for his rescue were made by his brother and Mr. Walker, but without avail. He was drowned. Foundering of a Ship at Ska. Supposed Loss of Aix on Boasd.

By the arrival of the barque Kong Mori at Liverpool, yesterday, we learn from Captain Hood, the commander of the vessel, that, on the 21st of January, in lat. 36 18 N. 47 10 W. Ion. saw a large ship founder.

The Kong Mori could render no assistance, as it was blowing a fearful gale at the time from the W.S.W. and the strange vessel was at the time about three miles astern. The crew of the vessel which foundered have, no doubt, been all lost, as there was no other ship in sight at the time. The loat ship was a full square-rigged vessel, with a white band round the hull. Coffee Drinking in Syria.

After dinner the sheikh sat down in a corner of the room by the fire, and prepared coffee for his guests, roasting, pounding, and boiling it with his own hands. Dr. Wetistem gave us to understand that if we wished it to be thought that we approved of the coffee, we must sip it very slowly, just the contrary of what we might be expected to do in Europe. As there were only two cup3, the consequence of our following Dr. Wetzstein's advice was that he himself had to wait tiU I had done with mine; when the sheikh, taking it from me, drained it himself this being the height of politeness rinsed it with a little coffee, and then fiUing it again, presented it to Dr.

Wetzstein. The latter told U3 that when there is a great number of persons and only one coffee cup (as is mostly the case), the ceremony of coffee drinking often lasts several hours. Jacob's Flight, by Mrs. Beke. Chili.

In a paper addressed to the Academy of Sciences, M. Gay gives an interesting account of the present condition of Chili, compared to what it was in 1829, when stiU labouring under the excitement of its struggle for independence. At that time there wa3 hardly any instruction at all in the country, and still lees trade or manufacture. AU this is changed. The State now counts 938 primary schools, costing each, and the number of these schools is shortly to be raised to 1,670.

They are not, however, so weU attended as might be wished, owing to the great distances which would have to be performed by the pupils from the various solitary cottages sprinkled here and there over the country, and far apart from each other. Still the number of pupils amounts at present to 47,000. From the last census (1854) it appears that about one person in five can read, and one in ten write; but the next census wiU probably show a better result. As regards secondary instruction, the principal college, founded in 1813, has been entirely re-built on a large scale, and possesses an excellent library, cabinets, and laboratories provided with every requirement. Independently of this, there are also special schools for law, medicine, the fine arts, the miUtary and naval professions, manufactures, and commerce.

At Santiago there is a vast garden of acclimatisation, where the finest European breeds are propagated, and also, lastly, a magnificent observatory not inferior to any in Europe, and conducted by M. Moeste, who here pursues his important labour of deterrnining the position of the southern stars. Santiago, likewise, possesses a museum of natural history, chiefly remarkable for its almost complete collection of all the plants and animals of the State. Each of the above-mentioned establishments has a special Horary ot its own, independently of the greanational one. The number of volumes published at the expense of the Government of ChiU amounts at present to upwards of 250,000.

The old university has been re-organised on a new plan, and is now an important element of general improvement. It is only latterly that a map of Chili has been mide, in some cases by astronomical observations, but chiefly by means of common surveys. These, efforts to promote the intellectual improvement of the country have produced their effect on its society. Elegant monuments adorn the towns, manufactures are in full progress, the rich mines of silver and copper are being actively worked, splendid roads have been opened, and even railways constructed to Copiago, iuimbo, and Valparaiso. HEALTH OF CARDINAL WISEMAN.

Shortly after a meeting of the Cardinal's medical attendants, yesterday morning at nine o'clock, the following answer was returned to inquiries made at his residence: "The Cardinal is still lower and much weaker." A writer in the Morning Star says: "1 am told on very good authority that, though suffering under a com-pUcation of diseases, almost dead so far as his lower extremities are considered, the Cardinal's intellect is brilliant, bis mind active as ever, and that even nowa lying supine and moribund, he is engaged in dictating opinions and counsels on religious questions." BANKING IN 1804. (From the Money Market Bevietc.) Great banking profits were made last half year, and the cause was unquestionably the high value of money; but, side by side with the gams, there were also great losses. The demand for money was not aU sound and legitimate. There were borrowers who could not pay, and perhaps borrowers who never intended to pay; and much of the money borrowed has not been returned, and never wiU be. The banks well acoustomed to their business, and so far expert from experience as to distinguish borrowers who would from those who would not pay, have aU made unusual profits such profits, perhaps, as they never made in any half year before; but the new bankers the comparatively inexperienced, of whom during the past year or two there has been an extensive creation have suffered severely.

The tables hereafter given show that, while the old joint-stock banks such as the London and Westminster, the oint-stock, the Union, theLondonand County, and others have flourished wonderfully during this pe riod of probation and dear money; the new banks such as the Alliance and the MetropoUtan and Provincial have been great losers. How far the recent speculations in securities and proouce have been fostered by the numerous new banks and discount companies must remain a question, but it is clear that much of the undue speculation the excess was due to the new banks, or they would not be losers bv the reaction; and we may congratulate the losers not only upon their matured experience to save them from loss for the time to come, but also that their rough teaching may likewise save us, so far as they are concerned, from much foolish speculation hereafter. The Alliance Bank will scarcely discount bad bills again to the amount of 120,000 in one half year, and the London and Westminster will scarcely make a profit of nearly 50 per cent without any loss; and, putting the two together, it seems doubtful whether, on the average, banks may not do quite as well with discounts at lower rates than those which ruled from June to December last year. The rate of discount is now lower than it was at any period of the past year, and bids fair to continue lower. Whether the average of bank profits will be smaUer with the reduced price of discounts remains to be seen.

The following analysis of the accounts of some of the principal joint-stock banks will be found instructive. That which is profit to one is not profit to another; and in attempting to place them side by side we must caution investors against impUcit reliance upon official figures. The net profit of the London and Westminster, for instance, is given after gratuities to aU officers of the bank, and a sum set aside for buildings, together with income tax, all expenses of every kind, and a provision for bad and doubtful debts. Other banks render their net profits on a different principle, and a useful contrast is thus very difficult but we will make the attempt. slat December, Ut64.

Profit per cent Capital Net per an. on capital paid up. profits. paid up. Per cent.

London and Westminster ...1,000,000 ...238,406 London Joint-stock 1,068,810 ...147,149 UDion 1,200,000 ...180,193 ...8030 London and County 740,000 ...128,432 City 500,000 28,716 ...10 65 Bank of London 397,550 55,086 ...27 71 Imperial 413,425 20,725 9 32 Consolidated 600,000 62,351 ...20 78 Alliance 842,460 68,318 1G'22 loss Metropolitanand Provincial 309,380 80,000 loss 7,101,125 Profits Deduct losses 857.060 98,318 Average profits 758,742 Stripped of aU official dressing, therefore, the outUne of these ten banking companies' finance during the past half year is an average profit at the rate of not quite2H per cent per annum on the capital paid up. The 47 68 per cent earned by the London and Westminster, which so far exceeds aU others, and the 34-17 earned by the London and County, which ranks next in the scale, are exclusive of gratuities paid to officers. In fact, therefore, the contrast is more in favour of the London and Westminster and London and County than these figures indicate. Contrasting the actual rates of profit earned with the dividends paid, the following is the result: Dec.81,1864 Profits per Dividends paid, centoncspltalpaidup. Bateprot.pr.ann.

London and Westminster 4768 per cent 32 per cent jjonaon joint chock zt-do Union 80-30 London and Count 34-17 City 10-65 Bank of London 2771 Imperial 9-35 Consolidated 20-78 Alliance loss 16-22 Metropo. and Financial, loss 19 40 50 20 36 12 20 10 IV nil. nil. The rate of profit earned is therefore not always the index to the dividend. With the London and Westminster the question reaUy seems to have been how to keep the dividend down.

The London and Westminster earned last half year more than per cent of net profit upon the capital paid up, and paid, only 32 per cent in dividend and bonus; while the London Joint-stock apparently earned and paid 50. The explanation of these apparent inconsistencies wiU he found chiefly in the facts that the London and Westminster, after payment of the 32 per cent, had a surplus of 70,379, which was applied to alterations of premises, to the purchase of Jones Loyd and bank, and to additional "rest;" while the dividend of the London Joint-stock Bank was paid only on the original capital of 600,000, instead of the 1,068,310 actually paid up on the 31st December, and which will rank for dividend henceforward. Contrasting the UabiUties of these banks to their depositors and customers with their means to meet them, the following appear to be the facts: Liabilities, viz Deposits and acoepumoee. London and Westminster 19,455,820 London Joint-stock 20,252,996 Union 18,807,393 London and County 12,211,354 City 4,916,209 Bank of London 4,314,968 Imperial Bank 1,199,607 Consolidated 4,070,073 Alliance 6,048,076 Metropolitan and Provincial 517,443 Assets, viz. lu baud.

20,196,452 21,868,163 20,602,254 13,330,292 6,674,113 5,080,380 1,737,690 4,802,781 7,104,190 826,096 tvaiiiMe. 4,000,000 3,391,690 2,800,000 1,135,000 500,009 502,450 1,806,575 900,000 3,157,540 1,625,320 USUI 91,793,939 101,272,296 19,818,575 101,272,296 121,090,871 The public have placed property in the Custody pf these ten great banks to the amount of nearly 92 millions of money, and the banks hold against this 92 mil-hon8 101 millions of property in possession, with the power to call, in case of need, nearly another 20 millions from their shareholders. Practically, therefore, these ten banks hold in possession 22s. in the pound for all they owe to the public, and this, in case of necessity, may be made 26s. 4d.

in the pound. We have what we believe to be trustworthy information that the Porte has abandoned its scheme for the reduction of the Turkish army. It is understood that the critical state of affairs in Bosnia, Montenegro, and Servia has brought about this resolution. Fall Mall Gazette. Her Majesty, accompanied by the younger members of the royal family, and attended by the Court, will probably leave Osborne on or about the 17th or 18th inBt.

and return to Windsor Castle, where the requisite preparations have been made. "With reference to the bankruptcy of Peter Morrison, so weU known in connection with the Bank of Deposit, notice is given that a second and final dividend on all debts due from the bankrupt solely" is to be made after the 1st of March. Spobting Cask. A case of considerable interest to the sporting community came on for trial on Friday, in the Court of Common Pleas, DubUn. It was an action brought by the Marquis of Drogheda against the stakeholder of the Spring Hill Steeple Chases of 1864, to recover the sum of 35, claimed by him under the articles, as the winner of the race.

A question was raised as to whether the stewards of the race, to whom the matter had been referred, were entitled to allocate to the fund, instead of handing over to the winner, the 5 each which was paid by the owners of seven horses which ran. Several witnesses were examined a3 to the meaning of the rules in the "Racing Calendar," and the construction of the particular rules under which the race in question was run. A verdict was given on Saturday for the plaintiff. M. Delesduze, a commissary of the Republic of 1848 who was transported to Cayenne by the High Court of Versailles, has just brought an action against the Revue de Paris to compel the insertion of his answer to an article of that periodical afiirming that the poUtical transports at Cayenne and Guyana were mostly a set of scamps deserving of no sympathy.

The court on Friday dismissed the case, on the ground that M. Delescluze was not specifically named; that, there being exceptions to the general censure, he was not necessarily within the purview of it; and that the plaintiffs letter contained violent expressions, which justified the Revue de Paris in refusing tp insert it. Loitoon and South-Wbstbbn Railway. The report of the Directors of this Company states that the balance of the revenue accounts for the half year ending the 31st of December last, including 8,641 from the preceding half year, and after deducting aU preferential charges, amounted to but against this amount there was the huge sum of 40,793, principally on account of the late lamentable accident at Egham. Of this the Directors had debited the half year's accounts with 25,000.

leaving available for dividend 210,938, out of which it was proposed to pay a dividend at the rate of 5 per cent per annum, amounting on 7,56229 of paid-up capital to 207,961, leaving a balance of 2,976. The gross revenue showed an increase of 46,825 as compared with the corresponding half of 1863. This amount had been carried on an increased mileage of 15f miles, the Midhurst line, 9J miles, having been opened on the 1st September last, and the Thames Valley Railway, 6 miles, on the 1st of November. The total traffic receipts for the half year ending the 31st of December amounted, on 470J miles, to 749,905, the working expenses to 335,064, the taxation to 33,507, mid thA not rAvanua to 381.334: asainst 703.080 total receipts for the corresponding half of 1863, on 454i miles, 322,179 working expenses, 31,971 taxation, and net revenue, showing an increase of 45,825 in thA total recants. 12385 in the workinc expenses.

I in me taxation, ana trfvn. in toe net revenue. A--LJP 0RD ELECTIONS UNOPPOSED RETURN OF MR. J. CHEETHAM Mr.

J. Cheetham was yesterday returned as member of ParUament for Salford, in the place of Mr. W. N. Massey, resigned.

The election took place in the large room at the Town Hall, which was about half filled. The Mayob (Wright Turner, as returning officer, presided. The proceedings were commenced by the Town Clerk reading the writ The Mayos said that though he Should be departing from the strict line of duty were he to aUjde to the political sentiments held by the late member, or by Mr. Cheetham, he might, as a member of the Corporation, be permitted to testify to the eminent and useful services Mr. Massey had rendered that body, more particularly in the session of 1862, when the Corporation sought and obtained their Consolidation Act.

Mr. Massey was ready and willing, and even desirous, to render the Corporation that assistance which his position in the House, and his great parliamentary knowledge, enabled him bo well to give. (Hear, hear.) Mr. Henry Rawson said that the duty which devolved upon him was an easy one, as his friend Mr. Cheetham was no stranger to the borough of Salford.

During the last ten days he had fully expressed his political opinions; for 20 years his conduct a3 a public man had been before the electors; and his votes in Parliament, and the course he had taken on nearly all public questions were well known to them. The Liberals of Salford were very fortunate in uniting in the support of Mr. Cheetham, and Mr. Cheetham was also fortunate in being the means of that union. The Liberals had not been -so fortunate in past contests.

An instance occurred in 1857, when Mr. Massey was brought forward in opposition to a well-known and tried Reformer, a gentleman whose private worth had earned the' respect of all, and who, for bis liberality and public services, deserved the gratitude ot every citizen in that and the neighbouring borough. (Applause.) Another instance was in 1859, when Mr. Massey was again brought forward, and the soat was contested by him and Mr. H.

Ashworth, a gentleman whose great commercial services to that community and general public conduct gave him a high position in the country. He (Mr. Rawson) would be tho last man in the world to say that under certain circumstances it might not be the duty of gentlemen to separate from the great body of the party to which they belonged, if they had strong conscientious objections to the course that party was taking, and to propose any other gentleman they might deem proper. It was a great satisfaction to him that on that occasion Mr. Cheetham would have the support of those gentlemen who assisted the return ot Mr.

Massey. (Applause.) It would be superlluous to speak of Mr. Cheetham's political opinions. Though in the question of parliamentary reform he did not go far as he (Mr. Kawson) did, and as others of his supporters, he was willing to go to the utmost extent that could be anticipated from Parliament, as it wa3 now constituted.

Consequently, as a practical reformer, he wculd meet the views of every reasonable man. As a commercial man he would stand among the foremost of the House of Commons. On the question of the Government of India, in which this district was deeply interested he had already taken a prominent and active part. He had great pleasure in proposing Mr. Cheetham as a fit and proper person to represent the borough of Salford in Parliament.

(Applause). Mr. B. Abmitaok seconded the nomination, ie said the electors were aware that owing to tho withdrawal of Mr. T.

B. Potter, the present candidate was before them, and it was owing to an instance of similar courtesy on the part of Mr. Alderman Tysoe, that he (Mr. Armitage) found himself entrusted with the pleasing duty of seconding Mr. Cheetham's nomination, lie rejoiced that there was no diversity of opinion among the Liberals as to Mr.

Cheetham's fitness to represent them. He believed that Mr. Cheetham was not trusted by his supporters so much on account of his pledges, as because of his previous services; those services warranted the electors in supposing that in future they would find him a consistent and conscientious man. The Mayor having ascertained that there was no other candidate, said that any person present was at liberty to put questions to Mr. Cheetham.

In reply to Mr. Hollins, Mr. said that he admitted the advantages of direct taxation, but he was not prepared to say that in the present circumstances of the country taxation could be raised by that means. Though he voted against the Factory Act when it was introduced into ParUament, it had been productive of such good effects that he should not oppose its extension to other trades. Though he was not at preEent prepared to vote for the abolition of capital punishment, he would support Mr.

Hibbert's bill for having those punishments carried out in private. When he was in Parliament he opposed the Maynooth grant to Catholics and the Begium Donum to Dissenters, and gave the strongest vote against those measures that he could. His opinions upon them remained unchanged. Though the existing system of national education did not diffuse education to the extent he desired, it was doing good in its way; and until pubhc opinion had arrived at that position when they could make what wa3 more properly a national system, he should continue to support the existing one. With regard to the repeal of the law of primogeniture, it was a subject of such grave importance that he could give no pledge about it, except that with no strong feeling in favour of the continuance of the present law, he should be prepared to consider any measure that might be brought before the House.

As to the game laws, he was not prepared to make it a felony to take game, and call the poacher a thief. Birds flew from one estate to another, and he did not see that that which was on his property to-day and on his friend, Mr. Hollins's, to-morrow, could be regarded as clearly belonging to either. (Laughter.) The Chief Constable (Mr. J.

Taylor) asked whether there was any objection to Mr. Cheetham's nomination, and there being none, the Mayob declared Mr. Cheetham duly elected. (Applause.) Mr. Cheetham, on rising, was received with acclamation.

He said that he stood before the electors of Salford no longer in the position of a candidate for their suffrages. By the nearly unanimous vote which had been passed he appeared as their representative in the Commons House of (Hear, hear.) He deeply felt the change which had just come over his position, for although he had attained the honour which any noble mind might aspire to, he also felt that he had incurred a deep responsibility. (Hear, hear.) He need not on that occasion address to that assembly any remarks upon his political views; they were already known. He trusted that in his intercourse with the electors of the borough during the past week or ten days he had fully expounded the principle which would guide his public career. (Hear.) He trusted also that he had withheld nothing from the most inquisitive questioner which mightsatisfy his hngeringdoubt as to any opinion that he (Mr.Cheetham)held.

Hehadno only to say that on every occasion on whichhe had met the electors he was struck by the coraial kindness, and the with which they treated mm. He naa no complaints whatever to make of any gentleman who, in the exercise of public duty, had put the moat minute inquiries; nor did he for a moment complain of his friend, Mr. Hollins, for having subjected him to a closer examination than he had hitherto undergone. He (Mr. Cheetham) had sought not to conceal anything, because his idea of a representative was that he should be frank in all his statements, and that the intercourse between him and his constituents should commence with no doubts upon the minds of any relative to the views and principles which would guide that representative in ParUament.

(Hear, hear.) He (Mr. Cheetham) was prepared, in the discharge of the duties which they had entrusted to him, to bring to their service that experience which his commercial pursuits had given to him. He was going to Parliament with that advantage which one of his friends had alluded to, that he was not altogether a novice in poUtical Ufe, nor had he any practical details to learn when he reached the House. He hhould find himself there prepared for the rules and regulations of that assembly, and fullyjwgnisant of the mode of dealing with the measures that might be brought before hi3 consideration. In the discharge of his public duty, first and foremost in his objects would be the promotion of the interests and prosperity of his contituents.

-(Hear, hear.) His friend Mr. Rawson, had alluded to a topic which did not escape his (Mr. Cheetham) observation during nis canvass among tne electors, nameiy, mat in ume yuaii there had been divisions in the Liberal ranks in Salford. He would urge upon the constituency to follow the example of two gentlemen who were placed before them in the early part of those proceedings as candidates for their suffrages. The electors would recollect that Mr.

Potter, who was selected by the Committee in the first instance, with a magnanimity and nobleness, had waived all private considerations and the claims which his position among them might justly have conferred upon him, in order that the Liberal party might not be disunited, but act together. Likewise, he gathered from Mr. Hey wood's letter to his Committee that one of the motives which induced his withdrawal of his name was that he perceived be had faded to unite the Liberal interests in the borough. Both those gentlemen bad set an example to the constituency which he trusted would be foUowecL-fApplause.) In the borough of Salford, the far preponderating political power was with She liberal party, ifmiited-(hear, hear)-and inasmuch as his friendiaround him had waived their own political considerations who went further than he did, and yet supported him-so he hoped that as many electors as werVthe friends of Mr. Massey, that his (Mr.

Cheetham) views went further than those of his predecessor, would imitate their example, and, waiving their poUtical considerations, endeavour to unite the whole of the Liberal party in one hne of harmonious Then, behada wordor twotosay to theConserativedectors. Those gentlemen had been supporters of Mr. Massey. If they would refer to a very uaerui pubUcation hedid not know that it was altogether a very interesting one, a small book called Dod's Parliamentary Companion," in which" the history, the parentage, and the poUtical princinles of every member of the House of Commons were stated, they would find that Mr. Massey was recorded, in his poUtical views, as in favour of parliamentary reform, extension of the franchise, and votebybaUot.

Those principles, he thought, were very muchUke those he (Mr. Cheetham) had endeavoured to enunciate. There might be a difference in degrees upon those points between Mr. Massey and himself; but if the Conservative electors deemed that they were consistent, and that they should act according to the honest convictions of their consciences in giving Mr. Massey, as the exponent of those principles, their support, he (Mr.

Cheetham) would respectfully draw- their consideration to the question, whether they could not concede their support to (Laughter.) As their representative, he should then be able to hold ITALY. Turin, Monday. A royal decree has been issued authorising the circulation of the encyclical, its accompanying syllabus, and Cardinal Antonelli's circular, reserving, however, the rights of the state and crown, and without admitting the propositions contained in those documents which may be contrary to the institutions and legislation of the country. SPAIN. Madrid, Monday.

Yesterday, Senor Barzanallana announced to the committee on the bill for the anticipation of the taxes, that he was willing to make the following modifications in the proposed scheme Those persons paying taxes to the amount of more than CO reals, and all oilicials whose annual salaries exceed 8,000 reals, will be compelled to pay the taxes in advance. Those doing so voluntarily will be allowed interest at the rate of 8 per cent." BANKS OF ISSUE. Annexed is a statement of the reasons on which the Banks of Issue Bill of the Chancellor of the Exchequer has been founded: "The object of the foregoing bill is to remove an anomaly in the law, which has the effect of imposing upon joint-stock banks of issue in England an unnecessary restriction, which is productive of much public inconvenience. Until the year 1826 the Bank of England was the only joint-Btock bank in England, and doubts seem to have been entertained whether any other corporation or co-partnership of more than six persons could lawfully carry on business as bankers in England. But such doubts were removed in 1833 by the 3d section of the act of the 3d and 4th of "William IV.

cap. 98, which declared the law to be that any partnership consisting of more than six persons might carry on tho business of banking in London, or within 65 miles thereof, provided such partnership did not take up money on notes payable on demand, or at less time than six months. In consequence of this act numerous joint-stock banks were established in London and in other parts of England, and the London and County Bank is a well-known instance of a banking copartnership carrying on business in London and having branches throughout England. But the old-established joint-stock banks, which were formed under the act of the 7th of Ueorgo IV. cap.

40, and retain the power of issuing bank notes, are still prevented, by the restrictions imposed by that statute, from 'having any house of business or establishment as bankers in This restriction was evidently imposed for the purpose of protecting the exclusive privilege of issuing bank notes which the Bank of England then possessed. The act, in granting power to joint-stock banks to issue notes, prohibited the issuing of them at any place within 65 miles from London; and it was no doubt with, a view Of pre- uwnercnce witn tne issues of the Bank of Ens- land that the act also prohibited all such joint-stock banks from having a place of business in London. Upon the passing of Sir Robert Peel's Act, in the year 1344, limiting the issues of the Bank of England, and all the then existing joint-stock banks to a fixed amount, and forbidding the establishment of any new joint-stock bank of issue, the reason for the above restriction ceased, for tho Bank of England had no longer any interest in checking Uie issues of joint-stock banks, whih the law had Umiteci to the amount of their then circulation, nor any power of increasing its own issues, which the law had also regu-tated. And, accordingly, the Act (8th and 9th) Victoria, cap. 67, which was passed at the same period for Ireland, did away with the corresponding restriction which had existed there, and enabled joint-stock banks to carry on business in Dublin, and within 60 miles therefrom, as freely as such joint-stock banks could carrr on such business beyond 50 miles from Dublin.

The consequence, therefore, is that while the National Provincial Bank of England and other joint-stock banks of issue in England are still forbidden to carry on business as bankers in London, the National Bank of Ireland, which is also a bank of issue, is free from any such restriction, and it has not only an establishment in Dublin, and in the Irish provinces, but also two establishments as bankers even in London. The National Bank or Scotland has also recently opened a bank in London, and the same course will no doubt be followed by other joint-stock banks of issue in Ireland and Scotland. It is considered that this anomalous and unfair state of the law demands an immediate remedy. It is obvious that it is the result, not of any deliberate intention of the Legislature, but of the law not having been adapted to the gradual alterations which have taken place in the regulations, affecting joint-stock banks. It is not proposed in any way to alter the existing law as regards the issue of bank and it will be observed that the mresslyprovide3tiiatnothing therein contained shall enable joint-stock banks to issue or re-issue such notes in ionqon.

All that is desired is the removal of the restrio-bon imposed by the Act 7 of George IV. preventing joint-stocx banks of issue from acting as bankers in London. Whatever cause may have existed for this restriction at the tune it was imposed, there appears to be now no good reason to justify its continuance. It is obviously for the pubhc convenience that banks having branches in various parts of the country should be allowed to have a head establishment as bankers in London; and a restriction which interferes with the natural course of banking operations by prohibiting this can only be justified by some strong reasons of public policy. It is believed that no such reasons can be suggested, and that the restriction tatds to nothing but inconvenience to the banks and their customers, by compelling them to conduct thair banking operations in London through an agent instead of an establishment of their own." Ibs Balbuiggan Murder.

This trial was resumed at Dublin yesterday morning, a. number of persons were examined, amongst whom was the doctor who examined the bodies of the deceased women. The hearing of the case i3 likely to occupy some days, as the evidence for tho Crown is not completed. Dr. Lushington is seriously ill, and the sitting of 'ie Judicial Committee of the Privy Council, fixed for J8terday, was postponed in consequence.

the last sitting of L'Academie des Sciences 3utut) the prize founded by Astronomer Lalande for ssaost signal advance made in knowledge of the solar awarded to Richard Carrington, of Bftdhill, sevS gentleman has a private observatory, and for the dtF8 (1654-1861) had assiduously kept watch for had piuPn wui mapping out of spots on the sun. He surfaceT.0 rec0 no tower than 954 groups on the verified at ummacy the accuracy of which had bean riSby.