The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 16

THE MANCHESTER GTTAKDJAX, THURSDAY, MASSGH CORRESPONDENCE. ABROAD. CATTLE DISEASE. t-THE MARCH OF SCIENCE. trious community (beoe your, people lioiuc tftnild be agreeably surprised.

Youi ZZ, Volcanic Street, Mount Eden, Auckland, N.Z., January 21. SwiTZEBLAND. TBE LEAGUE GEBMANY uected through nt i i valvr with au ordinaiy telephone line, which transmits the- currents to the broadcasting station and these, after ream-phfieatiqn, then made to act on the modulator valve oE the transmitter. In order that a very important speech or lecture may be broadcast simul taneously all over England, the various broadcasting stations are connected directly by telephone lines with the headquarters of the British Broadcast- During the twelve months last -Canada exported Bd PJ Ig-ducts to the value of nearly I the previous vear the total value of mooa ax-nnfic van ooo. -i.

BY WIRELESS TELEPHONY. PRESENT AND FUTURE. By Dr. J. A.

Fleming, F.R.S. (Professor of Electrical Engineering in the versify. of London.) When I arrived they aeked if I vould like to have the radio. It might have been a cake of soap for "1WW 1 1 j-rj To tfre Editor of the Manchester Guardian. Sir, The League of Nations Committee of Intellectual Co-operation has Mr.

Joseph Grew has hetii nominated. Vroeim rvmlidtre as Under SecxeSMSL RENT RESTRICTIONS ACT. To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian. Sir, Mr." E. Alf.

'Hepworth in your issue of to-day contends that, under the existing RESTOCKED FARM INFECTED: (From our Correspondent.) Naxzwich. -VVedxesdat. Foot-and-mouth disease was confirmed to-dav 40 cattle with which a farm at Buerton, South Cheshire, had beeu restocked. This recurrence of the disease aggravates the restocking position for Cheshire farmer's. All restocked cattle oa the Buertou farm will be slaughtered at the Ministry's oosi.

There has been extensive restocking ni iiouth Cheshire. Mr. Wilffam PhimDff. issued an appeal for funds for the relief of the intellectual classes in various all the fus they made about it. Although it makes me appear something of a primitive, I must admit that wireless telephony was a complete novelty to me, and I was thrilled when they told me how many Euro ing onipany at Hill.

London, W.C. 0. and thus countries in Europe, and I see from the restrictions, house rent represents on of the cheapest items the cost of living. The profound truth of this assertion has been The broadcasting of speech and with each other. Thus -n hen on Satur who has been appointed United States Ann bassador at Brussels.

On the occasion of the S5th anniversary of the death of the Polish patriot, Simon Koilarski, who was executed in Kussig, a memorial tablet was unveiled on Sunday in the Evangelical Church at Vilna to which Konarski belonged. Durinsr the month of November last the press that very serious criticism nas been aroused by the fact that there "is still no German member on the Com music in Great Britain by electric waves sent out from certain distribut day, i-ebruary Si last, broadcast music from Pittsburg, U.S.A. (KDKA wireless station) wa heard in Great so completely cloaked by tenants" defence agitators on the one hand, and-by idealist pean towns I could listen to some mittee and that Germany is not in ing stations has deeloped in the last! Britain, a relav station with hisrh penal crrliL-s on the other, that house-buiidiiig foi times, as in the case of England, which goes in for such absurdly close year into a new form of public utility had been previously erected bv the FOWLS, DOGS, AND CATS SLAUGHTERED. tenants and the reletting of vacant houses B.B.C at Biggin Hill. Kent, and the outnut of coal in Western Australia wa vnon -inns, value 29.8SS.

compared with, have become unattractive nrntnisitifins electric Atlantic waves coming across, the of Ki meties wave leneth Haw' little ground exists for the idea that 33,518 tons valued at 8.860. during October, and 33,189 tons, worth 28.362, in November, 1922. rents are extortionate can best be shown by cluded among the countries rejported upon or those to which it is proposed to give relief. I need not trouble your readers with a discussion of the causes which have led to this state of affairs. But as a member of the Committee of Intellectual Co-operation I feel bound to repeat what I have said more than once both on the Committee and at meetings ogurea; nos mat louow are tvpical and POSSIBLE INFECTIVE AGENTS.

A serious outbreak of foot-and-mouth disease was discovered on the premises of a farmer and milk seller in the centre of the Admiral Sir Dudley dc Chair, the newly relate to a property built about 14 jears ago were captured bj it. The electric currents were then amplified by a six-stage valve amplifier and transmitted by wire to London, and at -2, LO station transferred to tho London transmitter and broadcast on a wave lensrth 365 nrmnintprl fiovprnrav of New South Wales, in this area: wave-lengths, simultaneously. The temptation of hearing a religious address delivered in London by an eminent divine as a sort of running commentary on a dialect story dependent upon lodgers' mothers-in-law was irresistible. I fell. For fifteen francs a month the headphone became mine.

Thenceforth my knowledge of modern languages would be st.irpn that, if Entrlisli leoole could Only service which, like the supply of gas, electric lighting current, and daily newspapers, brings into our homes a convenience which may soon become indispensable. It has been the means of creating a novel trade in the supply of receiving apparatus, or parts for building them, and has found employment for thousands of persons. In one sense it is a by-product of the European war, since it was the absolute necessity realise the wonderful beauty of Xew Souih Kent in 1914: 6s. 9d. per week, including town of Ah'reton, Derbyshire.

Thirteen cows, two calves, ten pigs, twenty fowls. as well as two dogs and several cats, which -i ou. ivi Kent in 192: 10s. 10d. per week, includ- metres.

They were also transmitted to of the Assembly that 1 consider the complete failure of the Committee to other broadcast stations and radiated on iug JSi oyu. ior rates. may nave been carriers ot tne disease, were slausiuerud. Wales, they would be coming out on evr steamer. Ho suggested the use of tho kinenia in England to giye people idea of the immense possibilities awaiting them.

According to a Tokio despatch tha Japanese Premier recently summoned th chiefs of the -Drincroal Budd'hist te moles. their particular wave lengths. Unfor j.ne ianaiom thus, receive 7s. per week enter into relations with the intellectual classes in Germany, to whatever cause it may be due, not only seriously injures tunately on this occasion verv had and each house on an average accommodates atmospheric disturbances marred the for developing wireless telegraphy and THE WEATHER. four persons, -the payment to the landlord thus being 3d.

per head per day. For the result; but singing and band perform the Committee's usefulness and prejudices its reputation for good faith but telephony as a means of military, anees were heard lmnerteutiy. I he ex price of a cup of tea in a medium cafe each naval, and aerial intercommunication Shinto shrines, and Christian churches to consult them regarding attempts to raisdi t-he moral of the people, whieb. has bearv plunged into a serious depression followinr on the earthquake last year. It is etatea which forced the pace in wireless in plumbed by lectures in a variety of tongues and when that had been accomplished I could always recover my self-respect by criticising the massed bands of Europe.

Things did not turn out quite as I had expected. The first time I put jon the headphone I heard nothing at all for a long time except the peculiar periment was, however, repeated with greater success on March 1, and is to be repeated weekly, and there is not uiQiviauai receives Irom the landlord 24 hours' usage of a two-bedroomed house, with vention and made many of our ablest scientists contribute to its improve that tho inclusion of the Christian Church the slightest doubt that the trans makes a great part of its work positively harmful. The C.I.C. was intended to perform a great work of healing in Europe by appealing to those feelings of solidarity whjch should unite intellectual workers all over the world." It started with a in the conference has no parallel in Japanese ment. nistory.

The whole of this interesting applied mission, over 3,500 miles with 100-nietre wave will be accomplished, under better atmospheric conditions, with noise common to all telephones that science rests on the perfected invention of the instrument called a thermionic valve. This is simply an incandescent llir ESTMACOTTS SODA WATER. aren making a worse. All at once success. Tl IN BOTTXES AND SYPHONS.

the comparative silence was broken This leads us to consider the present electric lamp having a filament of TACKDAW USERS NO MORE ABUSERS by the most dreadful vcreain that condition and future prospects of wire drawn tungsten wire, or else of Trail in the hiih road along. Motors n-hummlrur. FORECASTS FOR TO-DAY. The Meteorolcgical Office issue the following forecasts for the twenty-four hours ending at midniRht to-night: LatiQcrn. Wind becoming N.

or Jf.E moderate, locally; maiaiy lali, but raiu or ihowera early; v-slbility moderate to good; jother cold. SK. and E. England and E. Midlands.

Wind be- euming f. or N.E., nioderat locally; mainly fair, but Tain or" showers early; Tisibmiy moderate to good; rather cold. B.W England, W. Midlands, end South Wales. Wind northerly, light, or moderate; tih- bihty good; rather cold.

and E. England, Xorth Wales, and Midland; Wind northerly, hacking to-woros west, light or moderate; mainly fair; visibility good; cold. late Wind northerly, backing toward west, libfc or moderate; mainly lair; -visibility good; cold. Irirh Sa Wind northerly, bacldng W. Inter, moderate, fair; -risibility good-; tea moderate.

AERIAL WEATHER FORECAST. pariour, living-room, scullery, bathroom, w.c., lavatory bowl, hot and cold water circuits, In WU the payment slightly exceeded 2d. per day and 6ix-sevenths of a penny per head per day is the gross measure of the landlord's power to inflict extortion on his so-called unfortunate tenant. Letter postage, the price of one's daily paper, municipal rates, and expenditure generally are controlled by the purchasing power of money, and any further legislative attempt to single out property as an exception, will react to the ultimate- disadvantage of tenants as a class. In pre-war days rented houses were obtainable practically wherever em Summer Is coming.

Speeding along tree and atsofka. Oiliest oil care and trouble ersdicator girts conflcjeasa less broadcasting. The Future of Broadcasting. tungsten impregnated with metallic thorium. In the United States there is most distinguished chairman and personnel and with magnificent prospects.

But as things have turned out, its action has tended to embitterment rather than to healing. However excellent the intentions which animate individual members of the Committee, the actual result of their labours is to build up throughout the rest of Europe, ti jour car. a. h. uawson wateaeia street, Manchester, city 5H.

a large use of a platinum iridium strip The listeners, of whom there are or wire caatea with oxides of barium VITONICA (Regd. brand) palatable non alcoholic, tonic with individual flavour thai now nearly 700,000 in Great Britain tatisttet. Grocers, and strontium as a filament. This filament is enclosed in a glass or silica may be broadly divided into two mortal ears have ever heard. Think of the last time you trod on the cat going ''downstairs in the dark.

It was like that, only more so. This was no human cat, but a denizen of the ether, bilge beyond belief. Do you remem-! ber reading about the cat Thor tried to lift tHat was really the Midguard Serpent who girdles the whole earth between Read and tail It was that sort of cat Iheard. As to the contributory foot or even the dark my mind boggles. Perhaps the WREATHS That Pleasa.

Williamson's. Smiibfield Xarktt (Oak 3. end). M7o bulb very completely exhausted of its classes. There are, first, those who are radio -amateurs and take great air.

When the. filament is made in TIGESTIVE Pills from "Westmacott's will wnne tne uerman universities are down and out, a closely knit intellectual association from which German science, literature, and thought are rigidly excluded. And this is emphatically not candescent by an electric current sent J-' put you right and keep you right. 17, Market Bt, ployment offered. Tenants are now largely interest in making or working wireless through it, it emits millions of little restricted to employment within a limited apparatus, ihen there is a large class Manchester, London, PaTis, Brussels, atoms or electricity called electrons.

or people wno know nothine about wire me oDjecT; wun wnicn tne tj.i.u. was tne mament is placed a Announcements in this column, are charged -at' tte iste ot Is. 6d. per line. All such annnuncempntq must lift authenticated hv thai less apparatus, and take no interest in its construction, but who onlv want to cylinder of metal, generally of nickel, j-rincipie oi Gravity slipped on the formed.

If it is still impossible for French to hear well-known speakers and the uoiogne, Amsterdam. Wind rorth-'westi or north on British ude e.nd in France, but Kmth-werteily in Belgium and Holland; 5 to 15 roilei per hour at the. surface, 15 to 25 miles ner hour at 2, OOO feet: overcast at first in most places, with occasional rain on the r-OHtinent. becoming cloudy or lair later on British side; viability improving to 3 to 6 miles on British side, but below 1 mile trfiret in most name and address 'of the tender. pSttdJie (tempt' nay.

i uo nov pretena do not nretend but often of molybdenum. This cylinder is carried on a wire support men, Belgians, and Germans to work know. music as an entertainment. This last together even in the dispassionate class of listener buys ready-made, easv- or clamp, and an electrical connection with it is made by a platinum wire to-work, receiving appliances, but is places, and remaining poor in Holland. realm ot tne intellect, that means that 'intellectual co-operation" is not at present possible.

The "feelings of qufbe helpless to set it right when it Sun rises. Sots. 6 56 p.m. goes wrong. 'Ine proper tuning and adjustment of loud-speaking telephones Sets.

Moon rises. 5 55 7 18 a.m... 5 57 7 40 To-day 6 45 To-morrow 6 43 radius of their homes, there are no privately owned, houses available on rental for all comers, and the municipal houses are only for those with specific qualifications. It is a matter of opinion, but I hold that the need of the times is a complete break away from the garden village type- of housing schemes with their provision of nothing much short of semi-detached houses and gardens for all, coupled with imaginative main-road planning, the latter well and wisely planned, no doubt, but executed years in advance of living needs and by the use of labour and capital which could be better employed. I see no sanity in' semidetached houses, built in common absorbent bricks, with undeveloped garden space defined by wire and concrete posts, and occupants at high weekly rentals which leave no margin for adequate furnishing, and neither ease of mind nor fash for the laying out and upkeep of their gaunt solidarity among intellectual workers do not exist.

That beincr so. tliintr or postal orders may be sent, in payment. BIRTHS. LOUGH. On tlte 3rd-inst ot 19a, Prince' Avenue, Higher Irlam.

to Mr. and Mr. E. C. CtOtffiH liee Jennie McLean), a dwgtiter.

KELS.VLL. On Wednesday, March 1934, at Cromer Lodge, Stanton Avenue, West to Mr. and Mrs. KOHL EELS ALL, a son. EIRE On the 4th to Mr.

and Mrs. JOHN KIRK, IS, Claremont Bd Beaton Chapel, a son. SEWTON. On the 4th March, at tbe Chendle HiiVrne Kursing Home, -to Mr. and Mrs.

W. S. NEWTON (see Ella Smith); a boo. 06 p.m. For crerv ton miles north of mnwt i.

requires some little skill, and in its absence the results are often verv nnor. the Council of the League might well earlier by 10 seconds. A voice said: "II est exactement dix-huit henres, cinquante deux minutes. 'emission radiotelephoniqme est terminee. Bonsoir, mesdaraes, bonsoir, messieurs." Paris had spoken, had, indeed, finished speaking.

A terrific roar of rage echoed (or, as this 18 an article about wireless, perhaps I should say my feelings. was so startled that I nearly took off the headphone. The cat had'been bad enough, but this was worse, far worse. It could have been uttered by nothing less than the mightiest prowler in the The future of broadcasting will much depend on how far such unskilled users consiaer xne aesiraDiiity of suspending the operations of the C.I.C. until times change.

As things now are CT.fi. sealed through the glass. If the cylinder is positively electrified by a battery the electrons are drawn to it and create a current of negative electricity moving in the bulb towards the plate. In this form it is called a two-electrode valve, and was invented by the writer of this article in 1904, as confirmed by great legal judgments. It is called a valve because it only allows negative electricity to move in one direction through it.

Hence it can be used to rectify a to-and-fro movement of eleetrieitv into a LAMP-TIME FOB VEHICLES TO-DAY 6 55 p.m. MOTOR LAMPS FOE NUMBER PLATES 6 25 p.m. can be assisted to get the best results tends to prevent European co-opera- The law floe nnft TMnin mniritta lti.li. 11 out ot their receivers. There seems room, therefore, for a new trade or ro- lieir lamps hell an hour before other vehicles are illuminated, but the lamp which shines on the number plate must be.

lit ot the earlier hour stated. iession ot people who go round to tune nun, iiul uj promote xours, Gilbert Murbay. League of Nations Union, 15. Grosvenor Crescent. S.W.

l. MARRIAGE. SHEPHERD MITCHELL. On the 4th at 3t. Andrew's Church, Eccles, fcy the- Rev.

H. Moore, wireless receivers and set them right ror a small lee, msfc as one calls in a gardens. Interior space and comfort, the man to tune the piano THE MARCH MOON. (From a Correspondent.) Amongst the various lunar events of the first essentials, are sacrificed for externals and-1 am confident that private enterprise current all in one direction. It was If high tension valve batteries lose used for many years to detect th fepVilf, voltaffe.

or valves are bacflv usnd. nr could return to the work and give better value if there was less of the spirit that jungles of the upper air. A sort of lion, I fancy, very basso profundo. Stung, perhaps, by a meteor. Then out of the lacerated silence that followed a voice spoke.

To the accompaniment of a piano that seemed to have, got rid of its stuffing a harpsi-. chord perhaps it said (this is the part you won't believe), it said: "Yes, we t.nave no bananas to-dav." London. teiepnones out ot order, the voice or penalises those who gave the people THE BYRON CENTENARY year there are few more interesting to the naked eye than the first appearance of the" thin crescent after the new moon in March. electric oscillations in wireless receiving circuits, but is now chiefly used to rectify powerful alternating electric currents and change them into direct music reproduction is marred. Then, phenomenal value in the past.

Yours, again, tnere are certain troubles in tf.A.t ARTHUR, only son of Mr. and 31rs. Arthur E. SHEPHERD, of Buenos Ayres and Manchester, to ETHEL, younger daughter ot Mrs. L.

MITCHELL, ot Ecclcs. (Argentine papers please copy.) Golden Wedding. OGDE.V ASHTt.V-Or March 5, 1874, at tbe New Church, Heywood, hy the Bev. KicharcV Storry, JOHN only son of Mr. and Mrs.

SatnuVl OODEN, of Bamford Road, Heywood, to MARY ANXE, youngest daughter of the late Mr. George and Mrs. ASHTOK; of Rochdale Bond, Heyvrood. Present address, 55, Cambridge Boat), South-port. Batho, Taylor, -and Ogden, Church Street Manchester.

il. W. 1MWSOS. 55, King Street, Manchester, March 5. At this time of the year the moon receded herent in transmission.

When speech currents are transmitted through ordi night by night almost vertically from the western horizon. The crescent, therefore, A PRACTICAL SUGGESTION. nary teiepnone wires and afterwards rthe' metropolis of an Empire upon seeins to swing in the twilight skv. and amplified and broadcast, small dis turbances due to induction from neigh wnicn tne sun never sets, was speaking the world (inciudirie me) could APPEAL FOR THE RUSSIAN CLERGY. this evening sharp eyes directed towards the currents.

Valve Generators. An American inventor introduced in 1907 a third element into the writer's valve in the form of a zigzag of wire placed between the filament and, the plate, making thds a so-called three-electrode valve. This now takes the point ot sunset may pick out the roettv bouring wires, which do not much Histen. I thought I was at last going form of the returning moon ere she seta', hinder ordinary wire or Post Office To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian. Sir, On the 19th April a hundred years ago Lord Byron died at Mis-Bolonghi in the service of the Greek nation.

It has been suggested that no fitter testimony to his memory could be I De privileged to near the famous at 45 p.m. To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian telephony, are srreatly magnified. lo-morrow eveninxr the hour will be 8 song about which I had read so much o'clock and the interval after tne eun should Sir, A year has elapsed sine this appeal The Furthermore, there are the ever present atmospheric disturbances due to dispose of any difficulty of detection which Song was over. Another voice spoke was issued. It was welcomed, by many as form of a spiral of wire or cylinder of possioiy may be experienced to-night.

affording an opportunity of rendering found than a special effort of practical assistance to the refugees in Greece vagrant electric waves created by distant lightning discharges or other DEATHS. BOTTOMS. On tho 3rd in his 63th year, at Biirsc-ougli House, Walnut CHABLES HERBERT BOTTOMS (late Oldbam). DAWSON. On March 3, at 160, Heap Terrace, Heywood, JONATHAN DAWSON, lato com and provision dealer, aged 93.

nEAJTE. On the 4th at Moss Bank Home, Drdylsoen, CHABLES DEAXE (formerly of Long. sight), in hia 82nd year. Interment at SontlleW Cemetery on Friday, 2 30 p.m. who are in urgent need of succour.

Of the million who were driven from their metal gauze surrounding the filament but not touching it or the cylinder. Technically this spiral is called the "grid" of the valve and the outer A COUNTRY. DIARY. Cumberland, March 5. Wanness and aloofness are characteristics homes eighteen months ago there are Hullo, Great Britain," it said (not word about me sitting on the top of a mountain in Switzerland).

Stations will please switch on to their own microphones. Good-bye." Ah, these good-byes, how sad they are The next speaker. I judged, was an TTncle. "Hullo, Tooting Bee. Is that Jenny (A tired voice intervened.

There are several Borts of Hale stones as bier as p.o-ctr. assistance where it was greatly needed, and the response was so generous that the committee were enabled to send out a larere supply of food parcels and also cash remittances for distribution throughout Russia to persecuted and imprisoned clergy and their dependents. Bishop Bury, the Anglican Bishop of North and Central that the heron exhibits to all observers. not less than 500,000 who are still homeless, without adequate food and clothing and an easy prey to hunizer. To them must also be added determination.

cylinder the "anode." The addition of the grid enabled the valve to generate or create oscillatory electric currents as well as detect them. Very large generating valves ars Wa are greatly interested in a mill lade in which, thanks to the care of the bailiff in exposure, and disease. The Refugee Settlement Commission of the League -3e ta! i i i extra-terrestrial causes. Although these can to a large extent be cut out in properly equipped wireless telegraph reception stations, the ordinary amateur domestic wireless set is not able to eliminate them. One of the most desirable of inventions is some means which will enable the ordinaiy listener-in with B.B.C.

receiver to cut out the annoying sounds in his loud-speaking telephone due to atmospherics or line induction disturbances. Lastly, as to the future of broadcasting. There be no doubt that if properly used it is an engine of oi canons is at wors on its scnemes eeping an even flow of water over the redds excavated atthe back-tnd, there is now quite nice stock of young brown trout. Herons never fished the reach of river that sweeps Europe, who 'recently visited Moscow, has testified to 'the good work carried out by this fund. In a letter to a member of the committee he says that the bishops and clergy are full of gratitude for what you are doing.

Archbishop has done wonders with the money sent to them." now made with glass or silica bulbs a foot in diameter, capdb'e of generating powerful oscillatory electric currents. These power valves are now employed in all broadcasting stations to generate the electric waves called carrier waves, which are sent out in all directions. Again, the three- round to the lade and then runs parallel DENT. On March 4, at 101, Upper Cliorltoo Eoid, MAHY H. H.

(Siter), aged 76, eldest dtujrbter; ot the late Jack Benson and Mary Alio 01 Manchester and Hwldersfleld. arrangements later. -J FABBAB. On March 5. at Street, Pendl, ton, JOSEPH WIIJKINSON FARRAjt XUfet-Uct Brousftton View), in.

his 75tb Sbflwral'-ak Ellaixl Cemetery. -( FAT. On tha 6th fortified by the'rite ol-HoIy Church, at 55, Church aarparSer. BRIDGET, widow of the late Patrick County Cavan, Ireland. B.tP.- Fnaerat.

arrange-' menta later. Inquires to'Mcierr, Tyan arid Gordon, Ltd. (City 6769). GREBStlOUGH. On the lit Wood-ford Boad, Bratuhall, of heart failure, ADELIKK LAURA, third daughter of the late Victoria Park, Manchester.

Interment at Woodford Church th'la day (Thursday), efc 2 30 p.m. Vo flowers, by request. the 3rd of March. ANXIE HEATO.V, the beloved jnothe'r of Elate Bailey, In her 66th year, of 4. Lanidowne Street.

'WiahliHrtiin anil with it until these tiny fish began to hatch out. They distrusted the bailiff and his' dogs and cats and his goats, and not the enormous power for popular education for their permanent settlement, but until financial aid for those schemes matures the refugees must largely be supported by private charity. For 100 five hundred refugees can be fed for one month, and it is hoped that if sufficient funds are subscribed to this appeal a special memorial feeding centre could be opened in Greece. Donations, which should be marked "Byron Memorial," should be sent to Sir Maurice Bonham-Carter, K.C.B., hon. treasurer Imperial War Relief Fund, General Buildings, Aldwych, We have ample proof that religious persecution, though in new forms, continues unabated, and it is with the object of and the cultivation of public taste in art and music.

It is devoutly to be hoped that it will not degenerate as least the friends who visit him at his home at the riverside'. But now first one and then another of the herons comes Bailing, around spying out the feast that is in store Columbia, smiling morn, and hearty." Tt reminded mc of the 'small voice in Alice through the Looking-glass saying "soinethinK about horse and "Well, Jenny, thank you very much fur the nice calendar. 'I'll put it on my desk with er all the others. Thank jou very much. Jenny.

Hullo, How's that children's partv getting on Enjoying yourselves That's right. Good-bve. Hullo, Golde.s Green. Is that Samuel Smith Well. Sammy, thank vou very much for your nice lettev.

The mince-pie was awfully good. Only very Blightly squashed. Thank you very much. Sammy." A gnat hid been trying Lo attract my attention. A.staceata gnat, resentful of neglect a' gnat that grew ever electrode valve can act as a relay and it can be used to cause the fluctuations of a feeble electric current to create similar fluctuations in a stronger current.

It is this amplifying action of the three-lecti'ode valve which has enabled the cinema or nlm pictures have done into a mere agency for the amusement extending our work that a further appeal for funds is now beiry made. Details of the work undertaken can be obtained in. con for them should they find the watchers off of the young and thoughtless. Bv its fidence from the addx-oss below. their guard.

ThCy simply cannot be kept aid a single speaker, without effort. Remittances should be made out to the a'S). A strand -of -wire across the lade who is great in any department of U3 tp make extraordinarily sensitive receiving instruments for electric waves. In six out of the eight main here and there will probably help, but'that Bishop of Birmingham, the president and treasurer of the appeal, and sent to Major thought or work, can address and influence tens of thousands of per broadcasting stations now at work in London, W.C. 2.

Donations may also be sent, if desired, to the Manchester branch of the Fund, of which the hon. treasurer is Councillor C. W. Godbert, Near East Refugees Fund. Chatham sons.

Its use has already been invoked in education tor giving protection cannot be really adequate. The birds givfe" us as much anxiety aa foxes do the poultry-keeper in a remote dale, But the duck and hens can be locked up. The tro.u axe to be had almost for the asking. It is a perplexing problem. G.

W. M. 166, indon Road. Friends pleaie accept tbi tho only intimation. Service at' Mancheslee Crematorium at 11 o.m.

on Friday. HOLT. On the 3rd at BroofcJyn, Cattleion. near Manchester, THOMAS HOLT, J.P.,.jjr hi 83rd year. Fleaae accept this (tie only) Bt st- Martin'a, Castleton, th'm day (Thursday), twelve o'clock.

HOIXE 0a'3rd at EgTemont. Worrfey Boad. AMell, ANXIE widow of the Jute Sexbgrt-ITOVijL Interment this day at 2 p.nTat Lhara Parish Church. EEGOEN'. Oa the 5th at 8, Aletone Betd.

Heaton Chapel, MART ELIZABETH, the bclor wjfe of A. KEGGEN, 263, Stockport levensbnbne. Interment at Kraoirt.n.9. langnage, literature, or science lectures to schools. It is well more vociferous and.

as I felt. infuriated. Others joined him. The Tudor Pole, hon. secretary, at 61, St.

James's Street, S.W. 1. -Yours, G. NaPIEB WHlITINGHASf, Bebxabd Pabes, Harold Gibsok, J. Phoctoe Httjifhbis, H.

J. FrxES Clinton, David Russell, W. Tcbor Pole, Members of the Committee. air seemed thick with gnats. A man svho told rne he was an explained that it wasn't gnats but APPROVED SOCIETIES AND VOLUNTARY HOSPITALS.

Sir Thomas Xeill. chairman, of the Mills, Lower Orrnond Street. They should also be marked "Byron Memorial." Yours, Crewe. Edmund Gosse. Thomas Hardy.

E. V. Lucas. Masefielp. Gilbert Mukray.

Owen Seaman. J. C. Squire. J.

St. Loe snips ships in the Channel and ships in the Mediterranean. When I said that I never knew shins were so Great Uritain there are valve generators of a standard pattern which create high-frequency electric oscillations of about one million or three-quarters of a million vibrations per second. At every station there is a radiating aerial consisting of a number of wires spaced apart by spreaders, and the generator valves make oscillatory currents run to and fro along these wires. These rapid electric oscillations create an effect which is propagated outwards into space with a speed of 186,000 miles per second and is called an electric wave.

The shortest distance from crest to crest of the electric waves is called the wave-length, and in-broadcast telephony it lies between 300 and 500 metres or from 1,000 to 1,600 feet. National Amalgamated Approved Society, sociable, he pointed out that we were known to be the earnest desire of the B.B.C. officials to employ it in this way by broadcasting addresses by the most eminent scientific and literary men. Everything, however, in the long run depends upon the public taste, and what the public wishes to have will in the long run be given. We are within measurable distance of the time when a speaker from a room in London or New York will be able vocally to address millions of hearers scattered over Europe and North America.

As against mere cold, anonymous printed articles in a newspaper, however large its circulation, una auureasea a 10 uoia. uoiwyn me course of which he says I have been greatly interested in your jn a particularly good position fot' hearing both lots. Tt certainly seemed bo, as I heard nothing -else that night jexeept, when the maritime conversa-' ions- faded for a minute, a nasal goodbyetillthenexthearing in Ger iordship'a reference to hospital finance on the occasion of the annual meetixsg of the Manchester Children's Hospital, as pub Appeal for the. Deaf and Dumb. rfussn, Duchess of Somerset, 35, Grosvenor Square, London, YT.

1 the Dowager Duchess of Abercorn, 115. Park Street, London, W. 1 Alberta, Marchioness of Blandford, 108, Park Street, London, W. and Mis. Kendal, 12, Portland Place, London, W.

1, write: To the warm-hearted and benevolent members man from Berlin, followed almost on Saturday, two o'sJock. Inguiri to Messrs. J. C. Broome, 42, Downing St.

'Phone 2902 Cent. ITHAJt-On Marcb 4, at FaUodon, Old Cobyn, HART, widow of tip late James LETHAll. of OWharo, in her 70th year. UTCHFrELon Tuesday, March 4, at- 32 Georcn Street, Cheetbain Hill, IXIZABETH hkrW' beloved wife of Charles i-lTCH FIELD, in her 61rt year. Interment en Saturday, 8, at 2 SO.

St. 'Panra Church, Kenal- MCCOBMACK. Oa the 4th suddenly, at Uadew Cottage, Moor Lane, WiImfloR-, WliJkMj loved husband of Blanche SRCOQHACK, lu hii-45tli year. UALLBJSON. On the 4th at Deros Flirf Swituerland, EILEEN MABY; onlv of the late John and Ethel cheater, in tier Wtli year.

Interment at' Deioa Plata, Switzerland, on the 7th iht. 4th SAMUEL PAWfiQM 258. Wellington Iload South, Ktocfcportv iji 'ftii 8Qtb year, lattmient at the BoroEjrh -Cemetery a Endaytbt 7tb ot twelve -ttHiSiV-' Friends please accept this (the only intlattUon! Inquires to FroggatU', Stockport. lished in the Manchester Guardian," and particularly to your lordship's remarks on the zclationshin of national bealth. insur Each broadcasting station has its own we have, then, the charm of the living human voice and the influence of the wave-lenirth and its own call ance; to the voluntary hospital system.

personality which comes through it. jib is qune irne xnas tne last valuation oi 'approved societies disclosed a surolus of NEW. ZEALAND PREFERENCE. To the Editor of the Manchester Guardian. i-h; As tbeic me thousands of people in Xew Zealand who gloiy in England's adherence to Free Trade, I ish briefly to state that the great bulk of the people out here don't know what the preference proposals would mean, but all thoughtful people here absolutely condemn them.

Let us see to it that this marvel of applied science is not abused, but jinstantly by a similar farewell from the receiving station, Good-byes. felt, as thoughtfully took off the silent headphone, had been any staple diet that evening. I meditated on whether they should be considered as personal aspersions. Finally I decided that I was. as usual, "ha -egotistical.

One man should-not to himself what is meant for IP veral nations. A. G. J. Thus Manchester has a wave-length of 375 metres and is 2 ZY, London is 365 metres and 2 LO.

The Mechanism of The steady stream of waves sent out, called carrier waves, has its amplitude of the public who realise even for a moment the agony of the deaf and dumb, who Hvo; in perpetual silence, we appeal most urgently for immediate help for tho Royal Association which alone befriends theiu all their lives. Donations, largo or email, will be gratefully received by us. and will be presented to the Prinee employed for the education and eleva tion of all mankind. 17,000,000, but of this amount 8,000,000 was set aside by the Government valuers as a reserve. The remaining 9,000,000 was declared disposable, and in accordance with the provisions of the National Insurance Acts was distributed by the various societies among their members in the form of certain benefits defined- in the Acts.

TATIjOJL On March 2, at 400a, KoAdv DISTRESS IX GERMANY. To begin with. England now takes all our meat, butter, wool, and other exports free Blackley, AMilE, the beloved wife 'ISilMi i George TAYLOR, of Btackley. Servrm tui ot tax. hat more can we ask? Wp ilnn't A correspondent has sent us a letter These benefit a include dental, optical, and convalescent home treatment, the provision of and surgical appliances, and contributions to voluntary hospitals in respect of the treatment of insured persons.

At a take our imports from England free of tax; received from a (jrerman lady who iird for forty years in England. The fol or intensity varied by an instrument called the microphone, which is placed in the studio in which the musicians or speaker are placed. The microphone consists of a metal disc, or even a paper or woven silk disc, which is set in vibration by the air waves produced by the vocal organs of the speaker or the musicians. This disc has to respond to of Wales on April 22 when his Royal Highness lays the foundation-stone of their new buildings at Shepherd's Bush. VeBanal XotitioBftX aad tne Insurance Acta.

Dr. EH. Worth, hon. secretary of the National Medical Union of Non-Panel Medical Practitioners, Chandos Street, Cavendish Square, London, W. 1, writes: we tax ihem to the tune of 20 per cent and more.

I hae'just put a porcelain bath (English) into house, and the imoorter lowing are extracts hireling oi me national uormerence ot industrial Assurance Approved Societies, which Oeiriatorfcm this day (Thursday I. 2 80 jk.43To bjr request. AH Inquiries to A. Ljjidoa and Son, undertaken, Harpvitiey. TATLOB Oa the 4th mat, at 28.

Iyland Boad A Soufhportrf in ber 83rd year. SOPHIA, 6mhrtd.r of the late Edmund TAYLOB, of Funeral service at St. IwkeU SCTrMiUtfiV'V; on Friday, at 11 a.m.; interment -a Cemetery. -r. THOMPSON.

On the 2nd at bis Cterore, Marsland Boad. Broodandsj EDWAfiri' JAMES THOMPSON'. Internet -a? Parish Church tbia day noon. Inquiries C. and jr.

P. dough, fill Tour wo parcels with the lovely warm tells nie that the tax on it amounts to administers benefits to over six million, insured persons out of a total of fifteen millions, I drew attention to tbe fact that blankets and other things arrived last night. over 2. Xow. before we can reasonably How can I thank you If I tell you that since inia group alone had already contributed With a view to assisting the approachine; the rapid changes of air pressure in the aerial sound waves and to convert them 1915 my old blankets have grown thinner over 174.000 to voluntarv hosnitals.

This talk preference we should take in British goods free of tax, as Britain takes ours. Even then we hae no riffht to dictate INTERNATIONAL TRAFFIC IN OCCUPIED AREAS. FRANCOiBELGIAN ACTION. From our Cologne Correspondent.) By acknowledging the Berne Convention the Franco-Belgian Regie Direction have acknowledged their responsibility for international traffic. This action has been followed by their taking over also the responsibility of international transport; society alone has contributed over 74,000 and thinner, and had more patches and darnings than good places, and yet have various Hospitals tnrongnout the country; England's foreign tariff nolic'v.

TanrljiTiil teeming millions would have to oav dearlv Mrs. CEAJX espreas her sVtud- or tms sum juancnester institution nave received over 5,400. It is the earnest hope of those who are responsible for the direction and manage for food that, we ntay get a monopoly of her Royal Commission to come to a clear decision on the merits of the Medical Benefit Section of the National Health Insurance Acts, all insured persons are requested earnestly to reply to the two following questions you satisfied with the present panel medical system? If not, would you prefer to make your own arrangements for medical attendance, receiving when sick a certain amount of money towards your medical expenses, and' consulting the-doctor of your choice! Golf Chitr, the Barnes Green -Catholic ClnbiS fit. PaiifcVaCIub for th ifi.dnM.knd roi aS7 the sad loss of het uiarKet, ana uie colonies cannot provide anything like all her requirements. The ment of approved societies that all available surpluses shall be used to the utmost to support voluntary hospitale.

because bv into fluctuations of electric curjpent which are an exact copy of the soundwave form. These currents are then amplified and transmitted by wire to tbe generating valves and are caused to modulate the amplitude of the carrier waves. We may compare the broadcasting station to an organ with only one organ pipe, which sei.ds out a continuous sound the loudness vt which is caused to vary without altering the pitch. We have then super-imnosed on the carrier waves of high given mut-li pleasure to the four little babies of two poor women who had no bedclothes you would be doubly rewarded. Much is done here to relieve, but it is difficult to reach the proud poor.

One lady sent back coal sent to her by one of my friends, and she sits in a cold room. I find it best to send bread from the baker'p, and I generally succeed in this way. 3Iy pupils net result of this would be a lurther toom in our farm and' our farm- lands are doing this many wards and beds throughout Bank House, Charlestown Boad, Blacklr. Tk MEMOBTAU. IT The Hih Commission has iiif ormed me country nave oeen Kept open wnicn would otherwise have been closed down.

already suffering from inflated Values to PABKYX. In loHasxnemarv ut WiTi.it iVuvml We sincerely trust that in the next valuation the Dusseldorf Chamber ot Commerce now in progress tne society may De per that a special committee is to be estab mitted turuner to extend its contributions. CATHEDRAL SERVICES. who can, give me their old clothes, and I can help just a little this way. The old has lished at once, with Mainz as its head rfeetiimate renvmbrance ttf ByMA.

the dearly lorsd -fe rf IvuL quarters, which will deal with all claims J.P. wh JZZZ TODAY'S ARRANGEMENTS. been terrible, more severe tban for sixty years past. But there has never been more 6, 19IO. Lore's rmnembrance twxtm hmm.

ALHEET, and TOJt, The Beeches, Burnafe Lanf, IseTexatwtoBfT i House of Commons -Civil Services Vote on. help- given iotjie poor than this winter and from churches the same thing has been Account; vote for, treasury (debate on regarding accidents, losses, delays, -damages, personal and material defects, and also such defects and defaults that give, the -Regie the right to counterclaim against the originators. The Committee will consist of French and -lUiina Ji; Evensong at 3 SO. Holy Communion Week-dy. daily 7 30 chorai), at 11, a.m.

Bptisms daily, after doe notice. Thursday (services rendered by boyi voices ontv). htir: CraJcfcJbani, flat; Anthem, 579. 5 (Hitler). "He In ttn that vmtfe." Eronsting: In -Anthem, 22 (Bach), "Have mtTry npon me." uennan neparanooa Xievy said.

House of Lards'. legitimacy Bfll; Public- such aa extent that it is impossible for a man of moderate means to buy a farm without loading himself with such a mortgage that he is' but a serf. i It is as well -that the people at tome ehotild know the position out he. TOiilc we have one of the most be autiful' little countries in the world, wjiich. With wke government, could be made the "Great of the South," still, the truth is that with less than a quarter of the "population the country would carry we an earth hunger which can well be described as appalling.

Tb peopWhav not learned the fallacy of as the England hxv done, by bitter experience; and it Is fair to say that the Premier of Hew Zealand does not represent the useful Deosle VSOIS 106 EACH. rr-m Do not worry about me, dear friend. I am PINGLZy'S, Piccadilly. KapeHet TAMES C. BKOOJfR, Pimetal German lawyers, who from to time will meet at Aix-la-Ghapelle in 3, BmabBbe frequency a low-frequency variation of amplitude which is called the speech wave.

At the listeningrin receivers there is an aerial wire, either out of doors, stretched over a roof or acrpss a garden, or indoors, wound on a frame. This aerial catches the- electric waves rushing through, space and sets up feeble corresponding electric currents in the tuned receiving circuits. These are rectified either by a crystal' or a valve, and then amplified and passed through a telephone. The speech-wave fluctuations in the.receiver. current re-producs in the listener's telephone the sounds made to the microphone.

When a Speaker 6r lecturer or an opera. or play is brbadcsrt the microphone is nooee -improvement jhu (iiora JUmirag-ton); Administration of Justice Bill: Property of Ex-enemy Aliens (Lord 3fewtonJ. Premier at Free Church Council Meeting. Brighton. Pilgrims' Dinner to Sfr Auckland THE PILOTAGE COMMITTEE.

strong, have many pupils (from 3 to 8), and can manage very well, and can help those who have less work, less friends, and iess strength. Your heart- would ache at conditions Iters; old people of the better class their 'sufferings are terrible, skid since the Ruhr affair all is chaos. order to deal with cases ot the northern stations of the occupied area. AH be eitifrwiirl either to ihtt, -i 36 videaoe. was offered by tbwoaecu Manchester Society, for Belief of Distressed Tha Xd cannot be ntBM tmti' the At a meeting of-the M.P.'s for, maritime constituencies; held tot the House of Commons on "Monday, for purpose of reconstituting" ih.

Pilotage Committee Commander Kenworthy: and JHajor Burn'ie were elected -chairman and bxm. secretary -uetnuie on tne i amri ry. Mnnjh. way, tor G. Blesardt: i- v-v-'3 renalam ja Uinin 300 from Alc yoiuitry.

He haa always held office causiwi by a-spHfc i tb XJberal ami labour and if tfaev couM mfv The Persian Minister in London will be at fadme to the Persian colony only on Friday -the 21st March, to 6 Pda by- JOB-S JUJSSEt JtcMiiinsng: mu. ou nan. -i Lancshjre CorigregSioa'aJ' lidT The virft" erf the Tuxsmess1 and inrhjs- port. Tkitraaay, b''j.