The Guardian from London, Greater London, England • 8

THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN, MONDAY, FEBRUARY 20, 1933 Naturally the rules which apply to the COURT PERSONAL OUR LONDON CORRESPONDENCE The Note to Austria The French and British Governments British Note to Austria regarding the Hirtenberg arms smuggling case. (13) Mr. Boosevelt is to confer "with. Sir Ronald Lindsay, the British Ambassador, about war debts and the -world economic situation on Sir Ronald's arrival FURNITURE CARPETS LINOLEUMS BAXENDALE CO. Miller St.

BY PRIVATE WIRE, people 'who knew him in the theatrical world, in spite of the fact that he was one of those most unloved persons in the theatrical world the idealists. He will be remembered for his productions at Oxford, to which he removed from London in 1923 for a year or so in an effort to establish a repertory theatre. LONDON, Sunday Night Francis Perrot Anonymity has been the rule. of this London Correspondence since its beginning' in this form. It was broken at the death of Mr.

G. W. E. Russell, and it must be broken again to express the loss which it has sustained by the lamented sudden death on Saturday of Mr. Francis Perrot, who has contributed so much and so finely to it for nearly a quarter of a century.

Some of his contributions appeared in this column on the day he died. He was fifty-five years old, and his activity and skill were at their fullest when he was struck down. He was of the old Huguenot stock on his father's side, from Jersey, and of Yorkshire folk on his mother's, and he seemed to combine the speed and logic of the French with the realism and thoroughness and suspicion of appearances of the York-shireman. His colleagues envied the unusual combination of gifts that distinguished his journalism. He could go straight to the heart of an involved and difficult subject, and explain with a lucidity that surprised the experts and made it seem easy to others till thev tried to do it themselves, and he had, to a remarkable degree, a gitt that rarely goes with the former a sense of the atmosphere and quality of his subject.

This gave to his summarising notes on public events a peculiarly illuminating character. Well read, particularly in Elizabethan and Victorian literature, with an artist's eye lor the colour and variety of the London scene, an always critical interest in nearly everything that people cared for, and a wittv insight into personalities, Francis Perrot brought much into journalism and into this Correspondence." He will long be missed and remembered, Die-Hards and India un paper tne one bright day in Parliament this week will be Wednes day, the day for private members' motions. The rest of the week is an affair of odds and ends miscellaneous Votes in Committee of Supply on Monday, the money resolution for the bill fixing, as the law reauires. th new block grants for local authorities tor the next tour years, on TueKdav. the Indian Pay (Temporary Statements) ana lurtner supplementary Estimates on Thursday.

will see India raised on die-hard motion of Sir Henrv Croft at least, die-hard to the extent that it would force us back to the Simon ReDort and nrovincial autonomy. But the motion falls even short of the Simon Report in that it would not allow the provincial Legislatures responsibility for law and order. Responsibility at the centre is con demned root and branch. This debate will show whether the Indian die-hards have trained any ground. In the last division on India, which was on the Government's declaration of rjolicv after the second Round-table Conference, Mr.

Churchill ana his followers mustered forty. Since then the die-hards have carried on a lot of quiet propaganda among the Conservative back-benchers, and it is said that this time they will prove to be much stronger than forty. Moreover, the die-hards believe that if they can make a good show the Commons they may raise without much difficulty a majority in the Lords against the Government proposals later on. Wednesday's first round on inaia will be well worth marking. The Labour Opposition have put down an amendment to the motion demanding that all Indian political prisoners who have not been convicted of violence shall be liberated.

Broadcasting The second motion on Wednesday relates to broadcasting and is to be moved by Mr. C. E. G. Emmott.

The resolution declares against any Parliamentary control of the B.B.C additional to that already provided and welcomes the admission of contro versial matter, but adds two provisos ti) tnat an important opinion snail find effective expression and (2) that the greatest care should be exercised in the selection ot speakers and sub iects. I here is an official Labour amendment to the motion, urging, in view of the growing importance of broadcasting and of its actual and potential influence in political that a select committee should he appointed to review the work of recent years and make any recommendations. An Idealist in the Theatre The death of James Bernard Fagan, at 60 years of age, removes from the English stage a lovable figure who combined success and what is usually associated with the opposite of success in odd proportions. He was one of the first to bring Tchekhov to the notice of English audiences. He was the author of several successful plays, the best known of which were The Improper Duchess" and his adaptation of Treasure Island," which in recent years seems to have settled down among the brotherhood of Christmas successes headed by "Peter Pan" and "Where the Rainbow Ends," "Jim" Fagan was loved by most Hyde Park of fact muBt also apply to the wireless forum.

Nothing, for example, may be transmitted over it which would cause a breach of the peace if said. outside. Ana at, present it has been ruled no doubt wisely that some who may speak in the Hyde Park forum may not be heard the wireless forum propagandists for rationalism, for example, and the more extreme politicians. But, beyond these obvious rules, the rate of expan sion in the B.B.C. 's freedom to broadcast controversy must depend on developments in public standards of tolerance.

The New Pact in South Africa That most unlikely of partnerships Jtlertzog-Bmuts Government now seems certain in South Africa. So much at least Mr. Boos has achieved by shaking, with his campaign in the country, the basis of support on which the present Nationalist Government rests. It is an irony of the situation that none of the plans as yet suggested for the new Cabinet includes Mr. Roos himself.

But more important than the diverting question of personalities and posts is that of the political issues on which the two major parties will agree. General Hertzog has advanced seven points on which the Nationalist wing would insist. Over some of these there should be no difficulty. It is the aim of both parties to preserve the "independent status" of the Union "as confirmed by the Statute of Westminster," and now that the Republican campaign is officially disowned by the Hertzogites there is not likely to be divergence in the pursuit of that aim. Nor is the flag question likely to trouble the Union further.

The clause which asserts that "the unitary basis of government shall be retained" is aimed at tha federalist movement in Natal. It is a movement which the bulk of the South African party dislike as much as do the Nationalists, and one task of the new Government must be to convince Natal that with a Ministry in office formed to break down the old racial barriers she has no need to seek special protection for herself. With the comfortable phrases designed to convince the rural population that "their welfare will be maintained and the labour voter that a proper standard of living will be assured" no politician need quarrel. J.ne clause dealing with native questions is another matter. It speaks of a solution along lines which, without depriving the native of his right to development, will recognise as paramount the essentials of a white civilisation and will provide a separate representation for white and black." It is eight years since General Hertzog first propounded his native policy, and the four Bills embodying it have not yet become law.

One of the provisions of that policy is highly controversial. It would abolish the Cape franchise, which does not differentiate between the black man and the white as voters, and would thereby disfranchise 16,000 Bantu voters and bring to an end an electoral system which, so far from becoming a memory, should remain a model for the Union. If it be found on negotiation that the Hertzog native policy must be swallowed whole, it may well seem too big a price in the eyes of many of the South African party even for an otherwise welcome alliance. Relief and Poverty The Medical Officer of Health for Deptford has conducted an investigation into the connection between the Poor Law standard and health. He comes to the conclusion the amount of relief granted cannot assure the recipients "the minimum varied diet recommended by the Ministry of Health in their publications relating to nutrition and diet 'in Poor Law homes." Among many families, after the rent is paid and allowance is made for heating and clothing, there is an insufficient sum available for food of the character 'and quantity necessary to maintain 'physical health." Often, when the rent has been paid, there is no more than 5s.

a head left, which contrasts with the 10s. a head needed to keep a patient in a municipal maternity home and the vs. which a working mother estimates it costs to feed a boy of 14. The general effect of Dr. Keith's report will hardly be disputed, although there will be endless argument as to what precisely constitutes the money equivalent of a minimum standard of physical health.

Humanity would suggest a raising of relief to the "life line." (If the new London Survey be taken as a guide a man. wife, and two children vrnnlrl need about 32s. 6d. a week). But that.

unhappily, would be to upset the whole basis of unemployment benefit (paid to a million and a quarter persons'), of public assistance scales (paid to a million persons), and of transitional payments (paid to another million). The truth is that society has not attempted to frame its allowances to the unemployed and destitute on any scientific basis of need. Sometimes it provides a bare, exiguous living often, as the Deptford report shows, the assistance is not enough to prevent malnutrition among the children and, equally important, among the mothers. It is unfortunate that although these things are within the knowledge of most of us, little has been done in the way of scientific investigation on a large scale to faring out the effects on If it were, the problem of un employment relief might be approached in a different spirit from that which I is now in the ascendant at West- I rrrinsteri to have asked the Austrian Government promise that the small arms which were smuggled to Hirtenberg from Italy some weeks ago shall either be returned to the Italian firm which sent them or destroyed. If the Giornale d'ltalia" is to be believed, they have demanded an assurance under oath.

The whole Italian press protests with the "Giornale" against "this violent, "unmerited humiliation, which has no precedent in diplomatic history." It has renewed its furious attacks on France and. all things French; "it is amazed that Britain, such a tranquil and responsible element in European politics, should have adhered to such a Note." Italy sets great store by Britain's friendship; she should surely realise that nobody in Britain, any more than France, can tolerate a plain violation of the peace treaties. It may be that those treaties ought to be revised, but they must not bo changed by force or rendered of no value by evasion. The facts of Hirtenberg have been admitted in their substance by the Austrian Government. Some 200 machine-guns and from 50,000 to 150,000 rifles (the numbers vary in the different accounts) were sent by an Italian firm from Brescia or Verona to the old Austrian armaments factories at Steyr and Hirtenberg, there to be reconditioned.

They were to be divided, so the Austrian Socialists allege, between the Hungarian Government, Croatian rebels against Yugo-Slavia, and the Austrian Heimwehr (the semi-military "Fascist" organisation which is in constant touch with Rome and which is strongly represented in the Austrian Cabinet). Some of them reached their destinations some are still at Hirten berg, and it is their destruction or return that is demanded by the French and British Governments. The Austrian and Hungarian Governments are pledged "not to import or export any war material whatever." Austria, which looks to France and Britain for financial aid, can hardly ask those who support her credit to connive at her conspiracies. Fuel Research Is it impossible for Government departments to publish the record of their activities within a reasonable space of time 1 Here is the annual report of the Fuel Research Board, which is a branch of the Department of Scientific and Industrial Research. It is published to-day.

It is a -report of the Board's work in the year ended March 31, 1932. A prefatory note, summarising the contents of the report, is signed by the acting chairman of the Board and dated July, 1932. To take four months over the assembling of the report is not unreasonable, though it is hardly brisk. To take seven months over the printing of it is preposterous. It is the more annoying in this case because the report includes some valuable details, which we have riot seen published elsewhere, of experiments in the hydrogenation of tar.

This is, so far, probably the lease known of all "oil from coal" processes, and it looks like developing into the most important. The experiments were carried out on low-temperature tar that is, on tar produced as a by-product in the low-temperature carbonisation of coal in the plant originally designed for the direct hydrogenation of coal. One ton of coal, carbonised, produced twenty gallons of tar, in addition, of course, to smokeless fuel and gas; and twenty gallons of tar, hydrogenated, produced 7.4 gallons of refined spirit and 12.4 gallons of Diesel oil. "The "spirit produced is high in anti-" knock properties and should be "useful as a blending fuel." Else where it is recorded that when testa were made of a spirit, produced in this way "the performance wa3 in every way equal to that on a good No. "petrol." By to-day the Board may know a good deal more about this important process.

Shall we have to wait until February, 1934, to hear about it A Dying Animal To-day, reports the "Observer, the shareholders of International Horse Shows, will decide whether the Bhow at Olympia will be held this year. For the last few years it has incurred a financial loss, which the company is doubtful whether it can support any longer. Various reasons are advanced for the declining popularity of the show, and among them, of course, is the economic depression. But undoubtedly the fundamental reason is that the horse itself no longer counts for so much in the national life. Socially and economically the horse is to-day what one might call a Forsyte, and Forsyte's find it hard to endure in a mechanical world.

It is a pity, because the horse has a beauty rare among Forsytes to ride a horse, to watch one, whether racing or on show, is a superb and unique pleasure. But, in fact, to-day a horse is less alive than a motor-car an Englishman, unless he were farmer, or a jockey, or a rider to hounds, might live a large part of his life without seeing a horse and never know the loss. And just as the horse was never merely a beast of burden but a pride and a pleasure, so the motor-car is not merely a means of transport: in the detestable language of a machine age millions to-day discuss the diseases, the triumphs, the good runs and the bad of their motorcar with all the passion "and fervour of hunting men discussing, their mounts. Thus it is that while the Horse Show declines the Motor Show at Olympia, in the same period of depression, enjoys great popularity. The Olympia Horse Show "may be symbolical of an aspect of England that is dying but it is a pity that the horse should die too THE KING AND QUEEN The King and Queen arrived in London on from Sandringham, where the Court has been since before Christmas.

Their return was postponed from the original date, Monday, February 6, on account of the prevalence of influenza in London. Both the King and the Queen looked to be in excellent health. The King wore a white flower in the buttonhole of his heavy black overcoat, and the Queen was in a Ung coat of mauve cloth trimmed with fur, and toque of the same material and colour. Both the King and Queen have several engagements in London this week. The King will hold Investitures on Wednesday and Thursday, at which he will confer honours announced in the New Year's list.

The Queen will visit the British Industries Fair at Olympia to-morrow ana again laier in the week, and will also visit the textile section of the fair at the White City. QUEEN AND THE BIRKENHEAD UNEMPLOYED After listening with "very great to a broadcast talK by o. r- o. aiais, who recently visited Birkenhead occupational centres for the unemployed, the Queen has sent a number of books to the chair man of the Centres' Committee, Mr. a b.

Millisran. The books are of a technical nature for the use of the men and women at the centres. Woodwork, metalwork, boot-repairing. clerical training, and domestic worK aw among the subjects of instruction at the Birkenhead centres, and footuau ana physical culture classes provide the recreational side of the programme. The town is the only one in the country with an orchestra of unemployed musicians.

THE PRINCE AND COMMERCIAL EDUCATION The Prince of Wales has tonsented to be patron of the British Association for Commercial Education. The association, of which Sir Francis Goodenough is chairman, accomplished its first object by successfully organising the International Conference on Commercial Education held in London last July, the closing session of which was addressed by the Prince. It has for its future object, its chairman states, the co-ordination and stimulation of efforts on the part of employers, of educationists, and of parents to raise the standard of entrants into commerce, to promote the further education and training of those engaged in commerce, and thereby to advance the interests of British trade at home and abroad. NEW, KING'S COUNSEL The King has approved the appointment the following to the rank of King's Counsel Lewis Noad, Sir William Cope, Gilbert Hugh Beyfus, Herbert David Samuels, Innes Harold Stranger, Arthur Morley, Frederick- James Tucker, Ronald Francis Roxburgh, Wilfrid Clothier, William Thomas Creswell, Abraham Montague Lyons, and Francis Raymond Evershed. Sir William Cope, who is sixty-two, was called to the Bar at the age of twenty-four and retired after practising for about nine years in order to devote his time to commercial undertakings.

He was Conservative M.P. for Llandaff and Barry from 1918 till 1929. During the general strike of 1926 lie was Civil Commissioner for London and the Home Counties. He received his Rugbv Blue at Cambridge in 1391, and played in tho Welsh international team in 1893. Mr.

Abraham Montagu Lyons has been Conservative member of Parliament for Leicestershire East since October, 1931. A native of Nottingham, where he now lives, he began his legal career as solicitor and was called to the Bar at the Middle Temple in 1922. Mr. Arthur Morley is the Recorder of Huddeisfield. Educated at Bradford and Christ Church, Oxford, he was called to the Bar at the Middle Temple in 1913 and joined the North-eastern Circuit.

He was Recorder of Richmond, Yorkshire, in 1933, and is a. member of the General Council of the Bar. He was awarded the O.B.E. and received the thanks ut the Army Council for hospital services during the war. Mr.

InneB Harold Stranger, who is fifty-four, was called to the Bar in 1909. He stood for election at Newbury in 1922 but was unsuccessful. The following year, however, he was elected as Liberal member for that division and sat in the House of Commons for a year. He is on the Northeastern Circuit. Mr.

Gilbert Beyfus practices on the Southeastern Circuit. He appeared in the famous betting by cheque case in which the House of Lords decided that money paid by cheque in settlement of a betting debt can be reclaimed by the loser or his legal representatives. In May last year, while Mr. Beyfus was engaged in a case in the Law Courts, he heard that he had drawn one of the Orwell (the favourite) tickets in the Irish sweep. Mr.

Wilfrid Clothier is on the Northern Circuit, with chambers in Liverpool. Ha was called to the Bar at the Inner Temple in 1920. DECORATIONS FOR GAY FORD AND NICHOLETTS The King has approved the award of th Air Force Cross to Squadron Leader O. R. Gayford, D.P.C., R.A.F., and of a bar to the Air Force Cross to Flieht Lieutenant.

G. E. Nicholetts, A.F.C., R.A.F., in recognition of their services and achievement in successfully completing the non-stop flight from Cranwell to South Africa (Walfis Bay) on February 6-3. By this flight the officers established a world's long-distance record of 5,340 miles on the Great Circle course. THE ARGENTINE MISSION AT ETON AND WINDSOR The Prince of Wales and Prince Geore met the members of the Arnentine Mi.oinn when they visited Eton College vesterdav afternoon.

The party were received by the Provost, the Vice Provost, and the Head Master, by whom the party were conducted over the college buildings. On leaving Eton the members of ths Mission proceeded to Windsor Castle, accompanied by the two Princes, who conducted them on a tour of inspection over the state and private apartments of the Castle, pointing out many ancient relics and matters of historic interest- -The members "of- the Mission afterwards returned to London. SIR JOHN SIMON AND THE CLASSICS Sir John Simon, tho Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, who is president this year of the Scottish Classical Association, is to deliver his. presidential address in Edinburgh on Saturday nest, and has chosen as his subject "The decay of classical quota-tion' It is understood that part of tha address will deal witfaV the decoy of such quotation in Parliament. Sir John is to be ths guest of the association at in tha evening, to-day.

(9) B.B.C. and Public This week the House of Commons is debate the question whether additional public control is needed over broadcasting. It has been incited to this step partly by an honest feeling of public uneasiness over the powers oi the B.B.C., partly by an agitation outside the House. The B.B.C. has not only had to face the organised opposi tion of the entertainment interests (a recent attack in a trade paper talked blithely of bringing a suit for 8,000,000 damages against it as a destructive the New Year's Eve indiscretion which offended the sus ceptibilities of Poland has also been turned to account by those who would like to see broadcasting's limited right of free speech docked at all costs.

The truth is that a year or so ago broad casting obtained a new liberty of con troversy, and the critics are annoyed that it is usinrr that liberty. One section would like to Bee all dis- cussion of political matters absolutely forbidden. And there is also much diffused indignation at the B.B.C. for daring to permit talks from even mildly heterodox points of view in science, art, and literature that is to sav. indignation at any wireless discussion, which does not altogether accept and glorify the tastes in these matters of the great bulk of the English people.

In a word, the B.B.C. has contrived to trample on a number of toes. There is fortunately little chance that those who would like to see broadcasting fitted with an immovable strait-jacket will be success ful in Wednesday's debate even one of the most stalwart of Conservative newspapers has had to admit that what it calls Radiocracy (by which it means the general influence and importance of the B.B.C.) has come to stay, and advises no further direct Parliamentary control." But this attack on broadcasting powers is likely to be renewed from time to time and will be heard of again. The issues, therefore, deserve to be restated, for they will always remain much the same. It ought to be obvious, in the first place, that no final definition of what is or is not controversial" matter can possibly be given.

Every subject on earth is controversial to somebody. Even a news-bulletin can be a matter of dispute, if not in the substance of the facts given at least in their selection, while in many homes the weather forecast is almost invariably controversial. Aud the same applies to the issues of jazz versus Beethoven, D. H. Lawrence versus J.

Priestley, and a thousand others. The guiding conclusion of the Broadcasting 'ommittee which reported in 1925 on the proper scope of the broadcasting service still holds good. We are unable to lay down a precise line of policy or to assess the decree to hich argument can be safely transmitted But speaking generally, we believe that if the material be of high quality, not too lengthy or insistent, and distributed with icrupulous fairness, licensees will desire moderate amount of controversy. But the discretion of the new authority must be upheld. Whether the B.B.C.

has discharged these conditions fairly it is for the public to judge. We believe they will agree that on the whole the B.B.C. has discharged them at least as well as any other broadcasting service in the world. "The discretion of the new authority must be upheld." But to say that it must be upheld does not mean that it is in practice uncontrolled. To judge from some of the diatribes against B.B.C.

autocracy," many would imagine that Sir John Reith and his staff were fully able to send out over the wireless any matter they liked, unchecked and uncheckable in Parliament or anywhere else, except in the indignant columns of the more patriotically minded newspapers. What are the facts? The charter of incorporation of the B.B.C. definitely lays it down that the Postmaster General may from time to time by Notice in writing to the Corpora tion require the Corporation to refrain from sending any broadcast matter (either particular or general) specified in such Notice and the definition of broadcast matter hereinbefore contained shall from time to time be read construed and take effect subject to the provisions of any such Notice or Notices which may have been given by the Postmaster General. In other words, the ii.is.U. has a general discretion; the Postmaster General has a right of ultimate veto the Postmaster General is responsible to Parliament; Parliament is respon sible to the country.

What further control over the B.B.C. is, then, either necessary or desirable? On the broad issue of public policy it is plain that broadcasting deserves all the freedom that its listeners are willing to give it. Broadcasting is, or should be, a universal forum, a kind of national Hyde- Park. A free wireless service, in the first place, is the greatest ally that a democracy could have. Democracy is a method of government by argument, of allowing the people to hammer out issues of policy for themselves, as opposed to the absolutist systems in which one man does all the hammering that is wanted if necessary, with the aid of a club on his opponents skuus.

Democracy is simply government by discussion, as contrasted with autocracy, which may be described as government by concussion. To those who still think the former method most congenial, the main problem facing democracy to-day is how to improve the quality of the discussion and how to fit as many people possible to take part in it- That broadcasting has done and is doing this is perhaps ita jgreatoat achievement. on a THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN WEEKLY finds its leaders in every country of the world. It gives them the salient facts of the week's news, including a -careful selection from the special articles and foreign Berries of the "Manchester Guardian." THE MANCHESTER GUARDIAN WEEKLY: is published on Fridays, price 2d. Subscription rates: 12s.

home; 13s. abroad. AdTertlsement ratea teat on application to the Advartiument Manager. Tha Guardian WmiIt." Guardian Ball dine, attach ester. THE GUAMDIAN MANCHESTER, MONDAY, February 20, 1933 TO-DAY'S PAPER SPECIAL ARTICLES Suspect 18 Anti-slump: Year of Effort in the United States 9 The Problem of the Slums VII.

Birmingham 6 The Gold-diggers (by Boyd Cable) 7 "Skylarking" by the Stage Society 12 Isolde Menges at 12 Workmanship 6 The Daffodil Harvest 6 Book Reviews 6 "Wireless Programmes 10 CORRESPONDENCE Caged Birds (Mr. R. T. Hindley) IS The Machinery of Peace (Mr. W.

Horsfall Carter) 18 Housing Policy (Mr. Andrew MacLaren) 18 The Situation in Yueo-SIavia (Miss M. E. Durham) 18 Employment and Public Works (Mr. C.

H. Marsh) 18 SPORT on pages 2, 3, 4, and 12 COMMERCIAL INDEX on nase 17 HOME The Belfast carters and dockers decided yesterday to ask the National Executive of the Transport Workers' Union for plenary powers to strike in support of tho raihvaymen unless the companies express their willingness to negotiate for a settlement." (9) There was a further hearing in Dublin on Saturday of the case in which Colonel Michael Hogan, of the Free State Army, and an officer of the Civic Guards, are charged with breaches of the Official Secrets Act. (11) Snow fell in nearly all parts of the country during tho week-end and winds from the Arctic caused the temperature to fall rapidly. (9) The new Housing Bill was strongly criticised at a conference, called by the National Labour Housing Association, in London on Saturday. (12) Though no official part is being taken by the Liberal organisation in the Kotherham by-election, its secretary yesterday said that, while the Labour candidate's reply to the party questionnaire was satisfactory, the Conservative's reply on tariffs was not.

(IS) Two religious plays which were to have been given at two Nonconformist churches in Leeds last night were not produced because of the prohibition by the Watch Committee. (9) The Canadian Pacific liner Montrose went aground in the Mersey estuary yesterday morning, and the passengers had to be landed by tender. On the rising tide the liner was refloated, and proceeded to dock under her own steam. She is not known to have been damaged. (9) The Manchester police are searching for a man who escaped from btrangeways Jt'nson on Saturday.

jUe was sentenced a fortnight ago to fifteen months' hard labour for shopbreaking and larceny. (10) Mr. Arthur Greenwood, speaking at Southport on Saturdav. referred to Mr. Winston Churchill as a swashbuckler, a braggart, and boastful fellow who waved the sword in everybody lace, a man who learnt nothing and forgot nothing.

The British Industries Fair opens to-day. We publish an article decribing some of the features in the textiles section at the White City, (9) Lancashire reached the final of the Rugby Union county championship competition by beating East Midlands at Northampton by sixteen points to ten. (4) Manchester City, Everton, and Burnley are among the last eight clubs in the competition for the Football Association Cup. (3) James Corbett, formerly heavy-weight boxine champion of the world, died in New York on Saturday. (12) Cambridge beat Oxford at hockey on Saturday by two goals to none.

(-) Spot cotton in the Liverpool market on Saturday was unchanged, with middling at 4.95d.. but futures were point to 2 points lower. In New York spot cotton was maintained at 6.15c, while futures rose 3 to 6 points. (li) FOREIGN At a late hour last night the Japanese bad not acted upon their ultimatum demanding the evacuation of Kaiiu in the north-east ot Jehol. in spite oi tne Chinese refusal to comply with it, (a) Our Peking correspondent reports that grave fears of war are entertained in Peking.

The Chinese are determined as a nation to resist anv Japanese advance into Jehol. (13) Our Geneva corresoondent. in report ing an appeal by Colombia to the League in the dispute with Peru over Leticia, says that an arms embargo against Peru is not impossible. (13) Our Ottawa correspondent says the correspondence regarding the Winnipeg Cattle Syndicate's proposal to exchange i a -1 came lur aumruaia ana on has been tabled in Parliament. It con tains no commitment by the Minister of Agriculture to supp ort tne proposal.

(13) Our Berlin correspondent says the Prussian Ministry of Education has instituted new rules controlling the enrolment of students at the universities, whereby character, fitness, ability and beliefs are to be investigated by a special commission. (13) Our Paris correspondent writes on. the ouxcry xnrougnout France against the rjrOnosed new taxes and eeonomv euta. Brief protest strikes are threatened to-day in various services. (13) Our Vienna correspondent renorta comment on tha French, and to Does it Look Well? The annual competition of industrial designs has now been carried on by the Royal Society of Arts for nine years, greatly enlarging the field from which designers can choose and improving the quality and possibilities of our designs.

Unfortunately the Royal Society is no longer able to bear the continued strain of organising these omrjetitions and exhibitions, which have now cost it about 5,000. Efforts have been made to secure assistance from other sources, but without success, and unless the competition can be made self-supporting the Council fears that it will have to discontinue it after this year. The entrance fees are being slightly raised to reduce the cost of the competition, and other economies are being considered. It would be a national disgrace if at this time in our industrial history, when machinery and technical skill are so much distributed over the world that design has a new importance in overleaping tariffs, that we should throw away this important organisation for the encouragement and discovery or British' designers. A walk round the British Industries Fair, however it impresses with the quality of our wares, will hardly convince anyone that our design is equal to our workmanship.

The Royal Society of Arts competitions are now on practical and attractive lines, and the most enterprising manutacturers are sup porting them with scholarships and prizes amounting annually to about i 1,500. The subjects range from printed and woven fabrics for wearing apparel and textiles of all sorts, book jackets, radio cabinets, and posters to decorate tile floors, standard lamps, and silver cups. 1 he customers two questions are is it good stuff? Does it look well? Our manufacturers have answered the first not enough of them are trying to answer the second. These compe titions that' are now in dancer are a practical eftort to help to supply that answer. Curious Nelson Relics Christie's would seem unnatural if it had not a Nelson relic sale every season.

Everything connected in any way witn Nelson must have been collected at the time of his death, but not many national heroes in any land have continued to retain for a hundred years the adoration of the saleroom. The properties that will be sold on the 28th formerly belonged to Pamela Hardy, descendant ot the brother of Oaptain Hardy of the Victory. They include a telescope that was presented to Midshipman Pollard by the officers of the Victory for services rendered, 1805." The services were that this midshipman shot the Swiss sharpshooter on the French ship who killed Nelson. A sword from H.M.S. Brunswick was also presented to Pollardfive years later.

A pair of flintlock pistols belonging to Captain Hardy, an inkstand of walnut with brass bottles given by Nelson to Lady Hamilton possibly the inkstand fiom which have come so many letters sold at Christie's and Sotheby's, and a snuffbox once owned by Sir Robert Walpole and presented by an admirer to Nelson, who was the of Walpole, are also in this sale. Most curious of all curios is a rum barrel inscribed Victory No. 3," with all its implications. In the Theatres The coming week will be unusually busy in the theatres. There were no fewer than four new productions this (Sunday) evening, for the habit of using Sunday nights as a method of "trying it on the dog" is rapidly growing.

The number of plays which are put on for a run straight away in the West End is now email. There are nearly always some preparatory moves, such as a trial production on Sunday, then a week or two in the country, and finally the piece which has surmounted these tests arrives for its expensive adventure of living amid West End rentals and West End prices. Miss E. M. Delafield's play "The Wall of Glass," a study of convent life based on personal experience, is at the Embassy on Monday.

That is another way of progress to the West End, and admirers of Miss Delafield's witty books and journalism will hope that her piece of serious play-making proceeds, like other Embassy ventures, to outlive the fortnight at Swiss Cottage and have a subsequent career in the middle of London. Another important event of the week wiil be the production at the Queen's by Sir Barry Jackson of Once in a Lifetime," an American satire on Hollywood which had a tremendous success in New York. It has been argued that it could not be done properly without an American cast, but the play's success with an English company at the Birmingham Repertory Theatre has persuaded Sir Barry to bring that company to London and prove that American fun can be conveyed, by English voices. husband's name in connection with the advertisements. We Iiave now secured their withdrawal, but that cannot altogether be said to undo the harm caused.

We do not want to be high hat about the matter, but statements of this kind give an altogether wrong impression. They are like enowbaUs and go on accumulating. Before long my husband will be described as a night club addict." Mr. Hutchinson stated that all unsold copies of the book were being withdrawn primarily because of a printer's error. "It had nothing to do with Mrs Meyrick and was a mistake passed by the prooi-reader.

As it was possibly libellous through a mistake in one word it will be corrected and. the book reissued. "There is no intention. at present oi withdrawing tne dook entirely. The whole matter will, however, be 'dis cussed at a directors meeting to-morrow.

We only learned of Mr. Priestley's objection yeeieraay, rat wa nave wita-drawn the offending advertiaementei a PUBLISHER RECALLS A BOOK Mr. J. B. Priestley's Complaint Mr.

J. B. Priestley, the novelist, has taken exception to the use of his name in connection with advertisements for "Secrets of the 43," a book of reminiscences written by the late Mrs. Kate Meyrick. He also denies the statement made by Mrs.

Meyrick in the book that he was a visitor to her night club. -Following his complaint and the discovery of a printer's error in the book Mr. Walter Hutchinson, -chairman of Messrs. John Long, the publish ere, told a reporter yesterday that the book was being temporarily withdrawn for corrections. There is absolutely no foundation for the story-that my husband visited Mrs.

Meyrick club or that he ever met her," Mrs. Priestley said in an interview. "We have never visited the 43 Club together or singly. According to the statement in the book Mr. Priestley made his visits just after the war.

but at mat time ne was an undergraduate at Cambridge and wn were not nmrind. Wo rjartacufaly object to tha ose of my.