The Observer from London, Greater London, England • 2

News THE OBSERVER, SEPTEMBER 1964 13, Russia sounds TORIES ATTACK LABOUR MANIFESTO Menu without prices out U.S. grammes for communications; for power; for the social services, housing, schools and hospitals. These were the bas's for modernisation of British industry, the key to expansion. Fluctuations in trade figures had focused attention on the balance of payments and brought home the vital need to be fully competitive. To encourage greater dynamic we will create more competitive conditions under which industry atom link-up from GODFREY HODGSON: Washington, Sept.

12 BOTH Russia and Rumania have gone out of their way to hint to the United Stales Government that the would like eventually to join in Project Plowshare, the American programme of experiments aimed at finding peaceful uses for nuclear explosions. large part of the world. Confidence is the basis. "The keynote of these policies is modernity, flexibility and the use of new scientific methods. Above all the keynote is expansion and a willingness to look beyond the frontiers of these islands.

Whatever the public opinion polls may say, I do not believe that a majority of the British public are indifferent to the defences of this country." Pay and price reminder Mr William Deedes, Joint Minister without Portfolio, said at Reading that agricultural net output was nearly double pre-war levels. The farm price- system had abundantly proved its worth, but it was not immune to changing circumstances. The seller's market had become a buyer's market. 'Unrestricted imports were striking down farm-gate prices. Therefore the present Minister embarked energetically on certain changes designed to underpin the system of guaranteed prices and deficiency payments.

"Truly, I think this has more to offer than the Socialist notions of statutory commodity commissions for cereals and fatstock, with its inevitable complex of controls. I simply do not believe that bulk buying and State trading offer the right solution for this country. That is the road back." Labour divided on big issues Mr Duncan Sandys, Secretary for Commonwealth Relations and Colonies, said in Notingham What is so dangerous about Labour's attitude to foreign affairs is the insularity and narrow party-mindedness. We had a typical example of Labour's backward-looking attitude when Mr Wilson made hostile remarks about Spain, and thereby lost Britain a valuable contract. His conduct was not only irresponsible but futile.

He will not prevent Spain building her frigates. All he has done is to give the job to our foreign competitors. "If they were the Government their policies could be disastrous. The British people must see to it that the socialists are not allowed to get their hands on the helm." The curse of cynicism Mr Henry Brooke, Home Secretary, said in Newcastle upon Tyne, that historians would honour the Labour Party for its origins, but condemn it for applying out-of-date theories to the modern world and for its malignant sapping of the British character by encouraging people, instead of doing something for themselves, to complain against the Stale for not doing it for them. That has contributed to the common atmosphere cf cynicism which is the present-day curse of this country, pretending to the young that hardly anything or anybody is really "good and to be admired that principles arc tn he disregarded, and personalities scofted al." mic American-, were taken com- pleick Mirprise lirM i'cclcr-.

put oui during the United Nations Aton I or Peace conference, w-iich ended in toenea last Wedneiiav. 7he are now cautiousK preparing to find out what ihe Russians and Rumanians have in mind. i.uemciit has been made. imiTjurii initiative is not even inside the But I understand th.tt Seaborg, head of ihe Au'itne Hnergv Commis- tii he sounded out by opposite number during copfcence of the Irter- enne hncrgy Agency and tr.nc Mr Amer iv his Ru- r.c ces le-sru. and that he has hecn told hv the White House 10 Jind out what th Rusi.ins and Rumanians have irt Official here also expect further feelers to he put out by Russian scientists at the Pugwash Conference Prague the near future.

l'he Plowshare programme "And they shall heat their swords into plowshares and heir spears into reaping hooks is to study the possibility ot using ntislear explosions for two main purpo-cs for excavating, canals, har-iiouis or railvsay cuttings for example, and extracting oil, shale and other mincraK from below ground. In the past, Russian propaganda has Lthcavs dismissed the programme as a Mn.isler cov er for vveapons testing. Rumanian interest The Rumanians, who are known to have shown inierest in buying nuclear reactors cither from America or in spite of their abundance of oiher s-ources of enemy, made ihe first move at Genxa. There has been speculation here whether Rumanian initiative could have been ihe reason for the Russians to follow su't. Relations between the two countries have been cool since Rumarva has claimed greater economic independence and held talks with Washington.

The sudden Russian interest in Plowshare is thought here to be unconnected with the defection of the senior Russian scientisi. Doctor Heinz Barvi-ich. w-ho is known to have worked on peaceful uses of nuclear energv. He is now in the presumably being de-briefed hv American Intelligence. Scientists here would he surprised if he can tell the Americans much that they do not know already, as Russian nuclear weapons work is kent secret even from the most senior non-military physicists.

New kidnap row looms in S. Africa from STANLEY UYS C.xpr Town, September 2 ANOTHER k.dn appmg row is brewing in South Africa, this lime over Mrs Rosemary Wenlzel. a Johannesburg mother of two children who claims she was forcibly abducted from Swaziland It ihe South African authorities have to send her back, she will be the fourth political refugee to be returned after a kidnapping. A spokesman at the British Embassy in Pretoria confirmed today that the Swaziland Government had submitted a report on Mrs Wentzel's alleged abduction with a request that the Embassy investigate the matter. Mrs Wentel's lawyer knows the identity of one of the three alleged kidnappers.

The lawyer, Mr I.co I.ovell. who lives in Swaziland, was granted permission to sec Mrs Wentel to receive her instructions for bringing an a ti on The man, whose identity is known, is a Sotiith African with a criminal record. According to Mr I.ovell he is in the Transvaal and is said Co be the leader of the underground organisation which out other kidnappings. Mrs Wentel's story is that she fled to Swaziland following the detention of her husband the has since been released) and was kidnapped one night by three men who pushed her into a large American car. One of the men drove behind them in her own car.

Once across the South African border the men expressed their regret for the kidnapping and offered to release Mrs' Wentel. She climbed into her own car and drove off. but was stopped almost immediately at a South African police roadblock and taken inlo custody. The South African police say they put up the roadblock after a tip off. New Premier After almost a year of negotiations the twenty-first Finnish Government since 1444 takes office this weekend.

It is a coalition of Right and Centre with Dr Johannes Virolainen of the Agrarian (Farmers') Party as Prime Minister. Blindfolded Indonesian paratrooper captured between Singapore and Koala Lumpur. Malaysian security forces yesterday claimed to have rounded up half the 40 paratroopers, including two women, dropped last week. The others are still hiding in the jungle. Arab leaders drop war plans PATRICK SEALE: Alexandria, September 12 Jagan Police chief must go Georgetown.

September 12 British Guiana's Cabinet has recommended to Sir Richard Luyt, the Governor, that Mr Peter Owen, the colony's police commissioner, should be dismissed, Dr Jagan, the Prime Minister, announced today. He said Mr Owen had withheld from the elected Government security information vital to the security of the State." Steelworkers' 'no to Soviet visit The British Iron, Steel and Kindred Trades Association, the main production union in the steel industry, has refused an invitation from the Russian Metal Workers' Union to send a delegation to visit the Soviet Union. THE LABOUR manifesto is a menu without prices, Sir Alec Douglas-Home told a Tory rally in London yesterday. "There is not one word about where the money is to come from," he said. Without that the prospectus is void." At the start of his speech, part of which as relayed to more than 10,000 supporters at 12 other, rallies from Inverness to Sussex, the Prime Minister said he would not indulge in personalities, nor do I challenge the sincerity of the Socialist leader." He listed the three main differences between the two parties: "First, all our plans for the.

future stem from past success. They are! a continuation and development nf policies which have been, proved to work. Secondly, in every case We have counted the cost. And thirdly." both parties plan, but our planning is by consent and partnership, theirs is planning by compulsion. Overshadowing everything is the Socialist decision to discard Britain's control over her nuclear arm," he said amid applause.

"And do not be deluded by any suggestion that under the Socialists the nuclear arm is going to be phased out. The decision is to discard it By doinit so they wouM hand over the riht to decide our future' to another country. This is something the British people have never been prepared to do in all their long history." These were the main topics of Sir Alec's speech: Nationalisation Not one word justifying steel nationalisation in the Socialist manifesto. It is a doctrine, and that is that And do not, let anyone be deceived by the apparent reprieve for road haulage. The party say they want more information.

Well, they've, had plenty of to collect it Social services I do not believe the Socialist plans could be put into effect without harsh additional taxa tion impairing the- sources of wealth. Land prices: "We have an open mind on the subject We want to be certain when we tackle land profits that any tax does not add to the price ot land or dry up the supply. Government reorganisation we do not believe in adding more Minis tries to Whitehall there are enough already, if not too many. In the Socialist manifesto, they 11 be tar more, and we shall have to pay for them. i Restrictive practices The Socialists cling to them like limpets.

In the next Parliament the Conservative Govern ment will expect to receive the fun and active co-operation of the. trade unions and the employers in discarding them and increasing productivity. Rehash of fallacies Mr Quintin Hogg, Secretary of Slate for Education and Science, at Iiandrindod Wells, said Labour's New" Britain was old hat. It is the way back, not the way forward. Signposts tor tne sixties ts simply rehash of fallacies of the forties, inspired by dark thoughts of Ihe thirties.

We have been building the New Britain for 13 -years and building it. Well. 1 It is a tptoperty-owning democracy, i an educated democracy, a responsible andjself- disciplined founded on privately- owned industry and social service. It is founded on the application, to traditional; moral values of the skills- of modern science and technology. It is based on planning by consent, on local freedom in edu cation; on the dynamics ofieompeti- tion and equal opportunity.

It has achieved fuH employment in- a 'free society. The New Britain belongs to the people and not to the Labour Party or the gentlemen in Whitehall. The Labour manifesto is a policy of shortage, rising prices, higher taxes and inflation. It does not even men tion agriculture. They have ole'arly written the farmers off.

There is' always a bad harvest Socialist countries. Somehow they always have tb buy' tfceif'fo'od -from' the of capitalism. mere is always -a shortage '-ot goods" the shops -in nhe'-' Socialist cbii'iitnes, always, a'rlse, Those wasted j.eafsaiv-1 'llSelWn Xord PnvySeal. said fibcialists talk "about of We could stalfciabout the. Labour past-.

1 3 seramiy' have: been 13 Wasted -'A LikeAthVi Bourbons. thev have learnt adtjiihg'and' forgotten nothing. The class'twar and nationalisation still are the; Ark "of Qbvenaht for' a majority Vf therri:" 0Kahce for all young people 'Mr J. Godber, Minister of Labour, i can work. we have dealt with restrictive trade practices and resale price maintenance.

We shall strengthen the law on monopolies and mergers and stop up loopholes in the Restrictive Trade Practices Act. We shall reform Company Law to provide greater safeguards. To support industry we shall reorganise civil scientific research and development." The National Research and Development Corporation would have up to 25 million for the encouragement of development projects. They would be able to demonstrate the economic benefits of new techniques, including automation. "The key to all this lies in good management and it is for this that we are providing two new colleges to expand the work already being done in our universities.

This is the action we are taking to modernise Britain." Vital to keep bomb Mr R. A. Butler, Foreign Secretary, in Manchester, named four Conservative to show that they were the party to trust on foreign and defence policy; to show they would be forward and thrusting in their conduct of the economy and of production, and that the progress made would be at risk if there was a change; to illustrate to the young that prosperity had a purpose in improving social conditions; and to show the difference between their safeguarding of freedom and Socialist control and interference. On social security, the State's principal function should be to set standards. This gave the individual freedom of choice.

There must be genuine freedom of choice in education and housing, too. Peace is a fragile thing. We need only look at the bitter struggles going on in so many parts of the world. Who knows which of them could, in a thoughtless moment, slide into world conflagration in Cyprus, in Malaysia or in Aden dr Indo-China? This is a time for continuity of leadership. "The most important point, and it underlines all foreign affairs thinking, is our decision to retain our own nuclear weapon.

The Socialists would dispense with it" This deterrent was today Britain's only effective means of defence. To throw it away with no compensating advantage would be a unilateral gesture of futility. This intention betrayed Labour's lack of understanding of the international conduct of Diplomacy could be effective only if lipked with strength. Education for the many fedward Boyle, Minister of State for Education, said at Cambridge: "Our party has a splendid record in education. We have given it a very high priority because we know well both its economic and its social aiid human importance.

We propose to double university numbers within eight yearsj and to plan for nearly in full-tirhe higher education by 1973-4. is a undertaking but it is rignt. We have named- the date for the raising of the school-leaving age to 16. This is right on every ground. There is the need at a time of rapid technological change not only for improved technical education but also for a better level of general education in schools and colleges.

Let no one dare to say the Tories Sre only interested in the education of the' few." in rii aces Keith Joseph; 'Minister of Housing and. Local Government, said 'HoVe'thatrthe vast. bulk, of national 86 per, cent was not touched bv development. But amnle land there would beiat where people and or at places witin reacb ofyWprk. Conservative, pab'cy of; substantially increasing the supply of land got the priorities fright.

do more fo stab'iflse land prices than anything, else. No apology for affluence Mr Peter ThorneycroEt, Secretary of State.for-Defencejisaid in 'Bristol: who dismiss 1 affluence ihdelicate are pretty 'well off We. make; therefore, 'no raooloirv for 'the 'rrdsneritv 'achievement' at wmcnwe, sniuitr aim. w4v-AWeBeim'ese-are'that we aIafge parf of what we- or mmm THE ARAB KINGS and Presidents have this week confounded their critics. Instead of the bombast, cant, and deadly infighting that had been gloomily predicted, their summit conference here in Alexandria turned quite unexpectedly into one of the most important Arab gatherings since their defeat in Palestine 16 years ago, when the State of Israel was established.

This is perhaps the first time since 1948 that the Arab leaders have jointly and without recrimination taken a hard and candid look at their relations with Israel. It is certainly the first time they have received from their military advisers such an extensive' and unadorned appraisal of their awn and the enemy's strength. Nasser's lead The first Arab summit last January started this move towards realism, and it has now been carried a giant step forward. This week's meeting developed, in fact, into a remarkably hard headed and hard hitting debate on the whole Palestine problem the intractable issue that has poisoned all political relationships in the Middle East for over 20 years especially the Arabs' relations with Britain. The Arabs are today no closer to recognising the State of Israel.

For them it is a new form of colonial occupation more intolerable even than the British and French control which they have so recently and 'n parts of Arabia still only partially thrown off. But in the past few months President Nasser has taken the lead in explaining to his fellow. Arabs some of the difficulties involved in liberating Palestine and in "driving the Jews into the sea." His Press and his spokesmen have reminded the Arab public that the Great' Powers would intervene immediately to stop a war between the Arabs and Israel. They have argued that the problem cannot easily be settled by force of arms; that the Arabs must first mobilise all their resources, reforming and strengthening their own societies. These arguments were put to the test this summer when Israel started pumping Jordan water from Lake Tiberias to irrigate the Negev desert.

The Arabs were then faced with the grave problem of whether to contest by force this irrigation programme which would eventually lead to further Jewish immigration. Last January, under President Nasser's leadership, the Arabs decided not to fight over the Jordan waters but instead to divert for Arab use those headwaters of the river arising in Arab territory. In brief, they decided to adopt a defensive rather than an offensive strategy. This is the policy which has had to be" defended and confirmed against strong criticism here in Alexandria this week. The outcome Sis -that- race again the Arab leaders have decisively rejected all aggressive designs, alt provocative action, all sabre-rattling.

This is the profound: significance of this week's Arab' summit Five full days were', taken up with this great debate on military strategy, so the rest of a long agenda had to be crowded into hurried sessions on Thursday yesterday. The basis': for idisoussiim- was a detailed repqrt by General Ali Amir, the Egyptian Commander of the United Arab Command (U.AC.), which was set; up last January to defend the projected Arab diversion works. Powers refused General Amir advanced two main propositions: first, that if the Arabs really wanted to cut off the Jordan headwaters they must expect Israeli armed reprisals; secondly that these reprisals could be' effectively faced only if the U.A.C. were given wide powers to dictate 'the armaments policy of member States and to move troops from one Arab country to another. But these powers.were refused him.

The summit meeting did, however, approve a 20 million a year budget for the U.AC, to cover its administrative costs and the expansion of Arab armies, i but the Command's powers remain Jyerely circumscribed. The Arab leaders were therefore careful to advance their diversion projects ih the most constructive and least provocative tight. As a first stage they decided to proceed with the construction of the Mukhaiba dam- in Jordan an economically sound project for which the Arab States, and principally Kuwait undertook to provide the bulk of the 10 million required! The also agreed to finance a Palestine liberation army. But many delegates were at pains to stress in- the lobbies that the army, role would. Be deiensive.

streng Blantyre, September 12 sult'tthehii'on' Thev (disagree, but the boys would like to Jje treated as tne intelligent 'aauiis mey Paternalism and Chinese offers apart, Mr Chiume. one of the dismissed Ministers? on a third issue HJrBanda refusal to be moved by the tides of suef tides Dr Banda's. attitude'is that of a crustier King Canute." MrChiuine has a' wide acquaint ance with' Afncan nationalists. He is: probably Malawi continuine' relations with'the Porta guese. But Malawi.

points cut, is a poor country. almost physically engulfed' by; Mozambique, Malawi's- only -'Outlet to the sea. Time, oust 'the' -'Portuguese; meanwhile; Malawi must live. This weekhasvnot- beenian- affair ot ponce or troop, movements-, Business continues 'as usual; Buthard words have-ibeert- spoken in public. The immediate need is for Pfc Eanda; and his "boys," with or Without 'Mr Chiume, to be reconciled.

LIBERALS 'Encourage the professionals' Mr Grimond said at Hastings that if Britain were to play its proper world role it must mobilise the skill of our people and encourage the kind of people who are in such demand throughout the world today. These are the professionals, the people who understand the problems of space, people who have been technically trained, the doctors, the nurses, engineers, etc." There was still a feeling abroad that people educated in the arts and humanities were superior. Men and women with special and scientific training were regarded as advisers or useful occupiers of lower posts, but not enough of them reached the top. The Government should give a lead by promoting them. These were also the people who ihad- suffered most in the rising cost of living.

Doctors, architects, town clerks, nearly every grade of civil servant actually earn less in real terms after tax than they did in 1938." LABOUR Donnelly We must join Six Mr Desmond Donnelly, M.P. for Pembroke, turned his back on the policy of his party and told a Haverfordwest Labour rally that Britain must join the Common Market Two issues would be with us for many elections to come relations with Europe and modernising society. There' is no long-term future for fBritain outside the European nations. No amount of nostalgia', or chauvinist poppycock cani alter" this fact This goes' for cve'ryfacet of our national' activity." Modernisation was not just harnessing science "and technology; 'It. meant chinging, attitudes, -dispelling fears -and creating board-room confidence.

"Trade unions must not expect a Labour Government to be 'their piippets. In the same way, the City ''and' industry should expect a fair "We are all citizens of one1 court try:" provide ipragranc, currenwy oi paid, practical training at the Banda tours to saidafATffl'VIt' was'with" that we passedthe! tiib-Industnali'TrainingJjA6ts--This em-; beginning'' 'riiit 'the' of "the test his from GAVIN YOUNG DR BANDA sets off today on a tour of Malawi leaving behind him in Zomba and Blantyre an uneasy political calm. The tour should show how much pbpulair backing Malawi's Prime Minister, has forfeited during a week in vyruch; he-sacked two of his chief political lieutenants. The two men, Mr Kanyama Chiume and Mr 'Orton Chirwa, Minister of Justice, were dismissed for having allegedly plotted against Dr Banda in collusion with the Chinese Communist Embassy in Dar es Salaam. The reasons for impatience with Dr Banda are easy to see.

He is -63 years old, ebullient and very much a paternalist. He continually proclaims that he is the father of his Cabinet. He regards his Cabinet as a sort of sixth form and refers to them publicly as my boys and humiliates them before large crowds by warning them not to get up to any tricks behind his back. Though essentially loyal, the Ministers object to his reludtance to con- The Guardian will make the Election readable with lucid, informed and witty accounts of the campaign around the country. Read luftu ujj uiuusuiai ing lioards iintall majomndustries.

Each willih'ave lthe -responsibility Each wUishave ifte -responsibility of. seeing 'that standards of training in seeing 'mat stanaaros or training in their own industry are of the requisite high standard. we put-this important- new Act 'alongside what we are already dbin.g::ih expansion of our techhicalfrcolleges, wtide extension! of day-Selease courses.ihore technbrSi lcigical'educafionr'the 'vast extension" of university places and the plans or newjbusihess it. addvupto a completely new" approach all our y.oung way. alead Mr Edward'.

Heatfa; Secretary for Trade -Board of said in Birmingham that the 'jssueimusf be: can best brings; this country, right up 'to date it. ibe The vGovermnentt had tackleirthisv task detertriinatidni'''-' -It-was carrying out the long-term pro- 'TioUyeJtiaola Group, invites 'applications for the Lockheed to St. Catherine's 1966, for honours study in Science with.Economics, Metallurgy THE GUARDIAN Terms tne awara 'dollek; -preceded: by a year's Larr4iirtion Spa make sense of the election and 'ff'iirttier'detalts 'arid application formsHwhich rilust be returned by 31st ft be'DbttSHaeifom: Th Group Education Officer, Automotive Products Company Tachbrook Road, Leamington Spa, Warwick..