The Observer from London, Greater London, England • 8

THE OBSERVER, SEPTEMBER 10, 1871. 8 abroad. A proposition for a conference between the em-1 I it will then become necessary that impatience and slovenly THK GREAT AMERICAN PTrBnTr THE WEEKLY l'RESS. BlKTHSj MARRIAGES, AND DEATHS. of the haphazard people, who never have the least notion in I what part of the world they are.

The geographical ignorance of the ordinary Briton comes out magnificently as soon as he is fairly over the ChanneL His hopeless hunt tor Cam bray among the Belgian railway lists, his intense astonishment at the discovery of the Loire, his firm belief that wherever there plovers and the men came to nothing, the former party insisting that when a plan of compromise was adopted it should be submitted to a ballot of the entile body of workmen, and the latter declined to accept the ballot. After the failure of this attempted pacification, the masters announced that it was useless to negotiate further. Another crowded and angry meeting in the town now followed, where there was borne in procession a singular emblematic device, a loaf of bread stack on a pike, with the inscription, The staff of life on the point of death, but still No Measures were next taken to relieve the sustenance fund by drafting off some four thousand of the men on strike to seek employment elsewhere. On the 3d August the masters made another attempt to attract the men back to work, offering every ether concession except the nine hours' point, and fixing nine lionrs and a half a day, with a liberal allowance for overtime. This failing to win over any of the operatives on strike, the masters resolved to take measures for importing workmen from abroad.

A conference of engineering firms from England and Scotland was held at Newcastle on the 5th of August, at which it was determined to support the Tyneside employers, and to form general association for the protection of the trade throughout the kingdom. Sixty workmen were brought the same day from Dundee, but they yielded almost at once to the remoustrances of the men on strike, who paid their fares for them and sent them back to Scotland. Eighty men were next brought up from London and Greenwich, quickly followed by 300 more, and the agents of the masters telegraphed from the Continent that a couple of thousand skilled hands could easily be obtained abroad. It appeared about the middle of August that the employers had checkmated their opponents, bnt this was not so. A circular, issued on the 14th of August, appealed to the engineering firms of the country to subscribe a fund of 31,000 for the importation of foreign labour.

Agents were sent to Belgium to engage numbers of skilled bands, and Sir W. Armstrong obtained permission from the Danish Govern ment to bring over artizans from the Government arsenal of Denmark. The General Council of the International Working Men's Association at once despatciied two delegates, Mr. Cohn, a Dane, and Mr. Eccarius, German, to Belgium, to enlighten the Flemish and Walloon workmen as to the state of the case.

The strike nt Newcastle and Gateshead, far from being starved out, grew more prosperous, and recently has been able to divide a weekly allowance of 6s. and 7s. a head. But rioting had now commenced, and the town was growing too hot for the newly-imported labourers. We have already noticed the fate of the experiment.

Londoners and countrymen first broke away from their eugngements, then the Germans began to protest against the deception that they said had been practised on them, and whole shiploads were sent back to Hamburg or on to London, at the expense of the Nine Hours' League. The Danes complained that they had not been informed of the strike at Copenhagen, and have followed for the most part the examnle of the rest, and only the 120 Nor wegians imported to Sir XV. Armstrong's works on Tuesday appear to be indifferent' to the opinion of the English workmen. In the successive defections of the recruits that Sir W. Armstrong and the other Tyneside firms have imported at so great a cost, we fancy the handiwork of the International may be recognised, and the problem now to be solved is whether the manufacturers of Newcastle and Gateshead, with all their money and their backing, can contend successfully against tne authority ot the great letierution i tnropenu workmen.

Prom the Saturday JteriewO THE ENGLISHMAN ABROAD. It is with something of an amusing fitness that Englishmen choose the fall of the year for their annual holiday. Autumn brings variety to man as it brings it to nature. Its fiery finger on the leaves" breaks, up the monotonous reaches of green woodland into an exquisite medley of varied colour; its season-ticket reveals a thousand shades of temper and ch.irncter in the nouallv monotonous masses of mankind. AH the levelling influences of profession, of social habit, of daily routine are flung aside in a moment, and something of the individuality of the noble savage reappears in the tourist who prepares to treatl the forests in which his roretat tiers ran wild, The one connection indeed of the wanderer with his ordi nary life seems to be an attitude of ostentatious opposition to it.

The erudite professor scrambles like a boy among the gevsers of Iceland, the close-shaven barrister roams over the Tyrol with a shocking hat aud a beard of a month's growth. The clergyman sports a blue tie, and resents any allusion to Dearly beloved." On the other hand, the bustling matron who keeps her circle in hot water floats iiliv and good humouredly along the Grand Canal. The great engineer launches paper boats on the waters of the Lake of Como. The hot Protestant lingers snell-bouud beneath the nave nf Cologne. For a couple of months, in fact, half England goes into masquerade, anil celebrates its carnival through every glen and every city, from Spitsbergen to Tim- bnctoo.

lo hnrl anv order or arrangement in such a chaos of human eccentricity is as hard as it would be to find a system in the humours of the Corsn; it is only when the fun nf the crowd begins to pall on ohb a little that a few figures detach themselves from the crowd, and rightly or wronirly, to pose themselves as types of their fellow- rnmblcrs. Gradually one catches a few general characters tics which run through the mass. The national taste for bustle, for energetic obtrusivencss, for instance, is pretty universal, lhe hrst plunge of the Hntish tourist is com monly a railway journey of a day and a half on end. It seems to him a striking display of English energy to fling tumscli into a carriage at Charmg-cross, and get Ins tirst snoo.e in oeu at l.nzern. lie carries with him, too, a Na tional determination not to be done." His life, as lie wanders from hotel to hotel, is one long warfare upon earth.

He piques himself upon knowing tariffs, upon beating down guides to half-price, or denouncing innkeepers to Bcedeker and 7Ve 7 iW.v, or securing return carriages." He scribbles his name even-where, and leaves his opinion of the place and its accommodation in every salon. He is determined to see everything, and to do everything that anybody has ever seen or done. He scrambles up mountains in mist and rain, that he may say he has been there and correct a blunder in Murray." He arrives at Venice with the sights systematically arranged, and piques himself on doing his four churches before breakfast. He is always discovering new objects of interest which no guide-book mentious, exploding the fallacies of preceding travellers, advising and warning the fellow-voyngers he meets against the misrepresentations of guides and couriers. He inquires after your route, and comforts you by his assurance that you have missed the very thing best worth seeing in the whole journey.

He drops in fresh from a long walking tour, and at once covers the table with letters home. His loud talk, his louder jokes, his air of self-satisfaction, all reveal his conviction that for two months nr so in the year the earth is given over to the children of Britain, and that the greatest honour an Englishman can pay to the other countries of the world is to walk through them with a knapsack. Rough, however, as lie is, we are not quite sure that we do not prefer a fellow of this sort to some of his more elegant rivals. The lesthetic tourist, for instance, is the especial breed of our day. It is amusing to see how deliberately lie poses himself for the holidays what ruptures autumn brings to him in its promise of a feast nf beauty how incessant his prattle becomes about the view irom the luttel or the suiisetsover MoBte Kosa.

What I he wishes to impress upon others and bimeelf is that he is an artistic being, and that his aim is Nature. His mood in the haunts he chooses is that of solitary meditation, of pensive silence lie withdraws from the rattle of men tu lounge upon hill sides, or stare for hours at the base of a glacier. Beauty, he tells you in familiar Wordsworthian phrase, filters gradually into him, and the more he moons and idles, the more it will filter. He has no companions but his pipe and the note book in which he jots dowu little entries about the intense blue." At evening oue meets him returning with a look of ineffable content and a single blue-bell. He is silent at the table tPhote.

He tosses aside the papers in the saloon, aud tells you with a pitying smile how wonderful it is to him to see people buried in journals and politics among scenes such as this. Never was iusolence raised more gracefully into a system, or coloured with more artistic hues. Nobody is angry with such a good-humoured lounger but the real artist himself, hard worker and man of business to tbe backbone, who is up with the sunrise and ready with a couple of charming sketches before our aesthetic friend, who is fonder uf sunsets than of sunrises, has quitted his pillow. The feminine variety of the aesthetic tourist is a far more formidable beiug. She is as social as the he-species is solitary iu taste.

She catches unwary strangers, antl organises sketching parties up in the hills, where the chief occupation of her companions cousist in carrying her sketch-books and arranging her shawls. She has her canons of taste, and is down on you with a quotation from Ruskin if you admire a bit of Renaissance work. Ruskin, indeed, ia her oracle; her gondola is filled with the three huge volumes of the Stones of Venice, and every palace is carefully looked out in their pages before she ventures to censure or admire. Art with her takes a moral turn, and as she wanders through a gallery she drags you from wicked" pictures, where the low tone of colour argues moral depravity, to "spiritual" works, where the spirit has happily freed itself from all incumbrances of form. She despises creature comforts, and occupies the vilest room in tbe pension because it enables her to sketch those divine hills from the window.

Unfortunately her sketches never realise her ideas. It is a little disappointing when you have braved rheumatism in the chilliest of churches, or dawdled patiently for an hour on some picturesque bridge, to find that the result nf all this patient attendance is the revelation of a few inches of cardboard where chaos seems struggling with some wild figures in gamboge. Still even aesthetic woman is better than the art critic on bis travels. We own to a very little patience with the sneer which pronounces every Holbein a forgery, and which damns every cathedral as a building ouce beautiful, bnt now ruined by so-called restoration." From types like these, however, one soon plunges back into the miscellaneous mob of wanderers who spread a knowledge of Britain, and the ways of Britain, through every country of tbe Continent. Tbe jocular tourist jostles against oue with that peculiar fund of mirth which springs from an ignorance of every tongue and every nation but his own.

To catch up a French phrase and repeat it with a knowing laugh is a jest which satisfies him for a week. It is astonishing how funny How d'ye do becomes in any language but one's owu. The serious tourist, on the other hand, is generally a lady who is very anxious about the consular chapels and the theological opinions of the chaplains, and whose maid carries tracts against Popery, to be thrust courteously into any hands tbat are civil enough to take them. It is hard to pass a holiday without coming against some of the tribe of the Barnacles adhesive wanderers, who fix on their victim at the smallest provocation, and are not to be got rid of without a hard fight for it. You ask what is the time, you shut the window, you open your coat, and the Barnacle buttonholes you in an iustant.

He knows your cousin, or your cousin's cousin he is coming from the same place, or going to the same place he is older than yon, or younger than you, or of the same age with yon. You are suddenly grappled by a thousand tentacles of conversation, of courtesy, of familiarity you find your hotel settled for you, your route arranged, your bill paid for- you. All per-' sonality, all individual existence, ceases till one has freed oneself by fair or foul means from the Barnacle, seeking whom he may devour. A curious class of tourists consists work should be avoided, ana tbat Tiber, if put to the question, shall be made to yield up the entire truth. It is obvious that this can only be done by an operation of the most complete kind.

The sanitary state of Rome will be materially affected by the proper regulation of the Tiber; and questions of sewerage, drainage, and protection against the ravages of flood, will all demand proper forethought and skilled settlement. Any attempt to save expense in the first instance, or to dribble away time and money in successive potterings with sections' of the Tiber will involve failure. The objects which we conceive to be most likely to repav the toil of the explorers, are precisely those which nothing bnt a thorough and leisurely exploration can reveal. Working against time in the be1 of a river subject to Hoods, and with the scene of operations only par-tiully bared, or imperfectly protected, would yield but scanty result in the shape of gems, coins, or small articles of persoual ornament. The extraction, uninjured, of large objects of sculpture or of architectural character, if met with, would be equally out of the question, unless the engineer Ihe undertaking has his work clear and open before him.

A diversion, or series of diversions, of the stream will be a necessary feature of the case. It is unnecessary for us to come uncalled for into council, or to point ont, unasked, the proper methods, either of making at once the cheapest and the most thorough preliminary search, or of uniting the various objects nf sanitary improvement, and of provision for the discharge of Hood-water. It is, indeed, possible that the Romans may choose to deal with their historic river afler their own fashion. In such case we shall have nothing to do but to look on with interest, both at the engineering and at the arcba'ologi-cal results. But in cases of this kind it is the usual custom of our continental friends to come to this country for money.

Lovers of art in England have already been appealed to to support the great enterprise of the exploration of the Tiber. It is to them that we speak with all the earnestness which acquaintance with Italian life, and longer acquaintance with subaqueous and fiuvialile operations render natural and, we hope, pardonable. It is quite possible for a considerable sum of money to be spent, not only uselessly but mischievously. For if "the attempt be now mailc in any but the proper manner the result will be the final abandonment of all the buried stores of Tiber, be thev more or less. Let no Englishman, then, further the scheme' in any way unless he be assured as to the conditions under which it is to be carried out.

In a word, if In searching the bed of the Tiber we are told once more, Italia fartt da se," we have nothing to do, in this country, but look on with interest. If Ituly comes to London for aid, that aid ought to be afforded only on the clear and distinct conditions to which we have referred. A definite Irovernment concession, in which at least one English name is inserted, must be a tint id nan. Then, a plan of operations must be laid down by uti English engineer, and faithfully carried out tinder his direction. In this case we shall be able, first to know what we are about, and then, if we decide to go on, to do so to certain good results.

Rome will, in such case, be certain to benefit by the permanent effect of the river works carried out and it'may possibly he the case that the museums of Europe will receive such additions to their stores as shall prove worthy companions to the Elgin and Phigaleiau marbles iu the British Museum, to the busts and statues of the Vatican, and tu the exquisite camet and unrivalled bronzes of the Museo Borbonico at Naples. From the Spectator. THE ENGINEERS' STRIKE ON THE TYNE. There has nut often occurred in our timea slrm'tle bebveen Labour and Capital to be compared iu point of importance with that which is now being carried on between the muster engineers of the Tyncsidc towns and their workmen. It is not alone the obstinacy and duration of the strike at Newcastle anil tiuteshcud that make the contest a remarkable one; nor is it even that the workmen are lighting fur an object with which we can so thoroughly sympathise ns a reduction oi uic uours oi launur.

utner strikes nave been more prolonged und embittered, as, for instance, the famous strike of the in 18M which more ei months, and cost nearly half a million of monev the strike of the Ainalsamatcd Engineers in 1653. in which the work- uie afu.r a o( 43,000 wages fifteen weeks' duration, were defeated: unsuccessful strike of lStiO in the Me ages ami a contest of and the similarly Trndes. But" though tho Tyneside Engineers' Strike was mlIv commenced in the beeiunine of June, the conflict has been verv 9lmrp throughout, and im to the oresent time neither side has shown auv siirns of vieldimr. The men have tile sympathy and support not only of their own trade tjuou, kingdom, but of crerv organised union here aml ou tie Continent. The Nine Hours' League, which has Ueeil lhe uu)tive-power in this strike, is growing in streugth aIi towns of and tlmde- maud for reduction of the hours of labour to fifty-four i in the week has a better chance of success now than it has had since the defeat of the London iiuiltlinir Strike lSUO.

The cause is one which brings into confederation many trades that would otherwise scarcely stand up to offer a feeble buttle alone, and though the Engineers, from the exhausting nature of their work, as well as the unhealthy conditions under which it has often to be performed, have peculiar ground for asking shortened hours of labour, similar claims may be very fairly advanced on behalf of other occupations. In the present struggle, the Engineers ou strike are most powerfully backed, as may be jnf erred from the fact that the weekly allowance granted to each operative ou strike is nearly quadruple what it was at the outset of the buttle. Large sums have beeu spent beside in counter-checking the plans of the employers to import labour from the Continent, and the resources of the trade are not yet showing anything like exhaustion. The Central Committee of the Amalgamated Trades, which sits in London, has just issued a dircular denouncing the steps that the Tyneside firms have taken to supply the places of the men on strike by foreigu imported labour. The Committee urge that every English workman is concerned iu the resistance to this policy, and subscriptions are solicited in uid uf the men who 'are lighting the battle of labour.

The employers on their side have not been idle after opening their workshops several times to the men on strike, and endeavouring to induce at least a part of the latter to desert the Xiue-Hours' Movement, tho Tyneside firms strained every nerve to swamp the market with imported labourers they resorted first to the East End of Loudon, to Greenwich aud Woolwich, to Dundee aud Glasgow, even to the Southern counties of England but the matcriul obtained from these sources was neither very efficient nor very trustworthy. W'heu the unionists had explained the state of the case, the imported labourers clamoured that they had been entrapped into the migration to Newcastle aud Gateshead on false pretences the contracts were summarily broken and thrown up, and the workshops were soon almost as empty as thev had been iu the early days of the strike. The employers, however, have not been discouraged they have sent agents to neigium, vjermany, uenmurk, aua Norway to engage labourers, and considerable numbers of engineers have been induced to emigrate from tho Continent to aud Galeshead. But the same result followed us hud hannrned in the case of the English workmen. As soon as it was explained to the foreigners that they had been imported into lCugland to aid in repressing a Btrike they at once repudiated their engagements, and the vast majority of them have either returned to their native land or have gone to seek employ-meut in other parts of England.

The employers, however, of whom Sir William Armstrong, of the Elswick Works, may be considered the chief, are determined to persevere, and have incited other masters throughout England to become subscribers to a fund of 21,000, specially destined to provide for the introduction of foreign labour into Englaud. It is proposed that the labour thus obtained "shall be distributed throughout the establishments of all the subscribers, as soon' as the strike which it is peculiarly designed to combat lias been crushed. The Trades' Unions, on their side, have taken measures to meet this resolute policy on the part of the masters by Bending envoys to the centres of skilled industry on the Continent, who are charged to explain the state of "the case to the foreign workmen, and to warn them against assisting the English employers to oppress their men. It will be interesting to watch the struggle. The masters, no doubt, have the longer purse but iu the present strike the men have strong moral and material support from the outside.

If they can hold out long enough, the masters must give in, for though a workman suffers more keenly than his employer during a strike, it is the latter that suffers tho more fatully aud permanently. Capital lying idle, trade migrating elsewhere, the business connections of long laborious years abruptly broken, such are the consequences to a master of a prolonged strike. It is a trial, of endurance on both sides, and as yet there are certainly no signs that the men will yield. It may be worth while to notice the successive phases of this contest, without passing a deliberate judgment, which i I i 1 Newcastle and (jateshead denial uuc uuuuui, uu wiuiuui intimate local Knowieage ox the busi- weeks demanded a I Th? dem JfT 1 "i 11 Dd the 1 uui.c. iimu wvie uuut) uy xiir.

-uor- risou, M.F. Mr. Pears, of the Social Science Association and Mr. Joseph Cowcn, of Newcastle, to bring about an arbitration but the Nine Hours' League declared that, though some compromise might have been settled if the arbitration had been suggested before, the time for it had iiicu gone oy. ine success or the nine hours' movement in 1 i i' eds' la tbe T.Sj?l?'rt?f "2 to i er a "lCT mined front to the masters.

Enthusiastic open-air meetings weru ueiu uu lub iowu nisor, anu tne lunu ror the relief oi the uieu on strike swelled rapidly in amount, as the masters seemed resolved not to yield. Sustenance money was at first allowed only at the rate of Is. 0d. weekly a head, but the third week the sum was raised to and as numbers of the men having savings of their own declined to take the dividend from the fund, a weekly allowance of 65. or els.

was made to each person in need of it. Mr. Odger, who personally visited Newcastle on the 1st of July, reported in favour of the Newcastle strike to the Trades' Council in Lon don, and all throughout the North resolutions of sympathy with the nine hours' movement were atioDted. Nor was Drac- tical help wanting in the shape of subscriptions to tbe susteu-tation fund. Up to this time the employers bad remained passive but on the 3d of ulv several workslinns were thrown open, and the men were invited to open their engagements ou the old terms.

Not a man responded to the invitation. The Engineers' Unions throughout the country were now fullv awuaeueu to tne importance ox tne Newcastle straggle Mr. Odger, Mr. William Allan (Secretary of the Amalgamated Engineers), Mr. Potter, and other workinrr-class leaders, formed a committee for the purpose of collecting subscriptions in aid of the strike.

The success of a similar movement ut Sunderland was insisted upon as. a proof that the masters were easily to be coerced into concession by a display of firmness on the part of the men. But, meantime, the masters were meditating a bold policy they had made up their minds to carry the war into the enemy's camp, and following the example of master carpenters, then engaged in a quarrel of the same kind with their journeymen, to import labour from BKANDRETH'R tTt sarnsBiy vegetable and innootat Prepared under the personal direction ot BENJAMIN BRANDRETH President of the Excelsior CoHeee. New tI ESTABLISHED IN AMERICA FOB THE PAST FOETT TEass, JIFE IS THE GIFT OF Gon wv. pressed with humours.

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My logasca wltii me, and I have good rest at nights, two things wa.1 r-uever expected to have again. I have recommended yesrW '-to all my friends, who rind them equally .7 respectfully, TESTIMONY OF TOWN OFFICERS, S1S0 ft SING, NEW YORK. Sing Sing, New York, June 'f. To whom it may concm. The Supervisor, Justice! ag Peace, and Town Clerk of the town of Osslnlng (tbe to" Iu whose limits the chartered village of Slug t(ng li coon" hereby certify to the remarkable healthful effects proMMtJ the use of Bmndrelh's Vegetable Universal Will.

Ttx5 years these Pills have been prepared in this town In WiJ Brandrsth erected large buildings In which to prawtw pack this great medicine for public use. At this Omi'J' ploys nearlv loo persons, besides a steam eniina of power. We have a population of about and almost person uses Uiem when sick. Their merits are reootaas" every family, and our druggists say they sell mors otonj dreth's Pills than all the others put tngciher. Weetapoj" cures effected by them lu scrofula, rheumaOra, tlous, ulcers and sores, while swelling of thjL3Bri diseaaa of the kidneys, dyspepsia, cosUvenMS, VfHZS.

want of appetite, typhus and scarlet fever, ana JJf'S Aud from long observation and experience duced by Brandreth'a Pills, we believe their iraeral give more health and a longer average of Jlf-Thuxas Lijuit, Supervisor. J. UaT, Justice of Uw Peaot. Moroan Htatt, Justice ut WitLiAKC.Howg.JiBtoofwereiea n. cnanciNO, iowu The undersigned, the Board of Health of the itement of the Town Officers fully endorse the foregolug statement i Knowing tne same oe true.

Isaac B. Noxoy, President, A. B. JtET.VOLW, Isaac K. LurossEUT, Townsend Yocno, Kbe.yxzer Fowleb, Robert Mount, edward fester, Jobx Daiut, Jakes T.

Blandford, TBkP Samdei EL ToxriiM, THE EXCELSIOR MEDICAL COLWg of NEW YORK have a certificate signed by an "JSSl of tbe 17th Regiment N.Y.S.V., who used ftmndreths years of service In the field, and not a man was lost by aiata" that time. In fact, whether the disease be GOL'T OR PARALYSIS. COSTrVENESS OR FEVER AND AOOTV GENERAL DEBILITY OR DROPS. DIZZINESS OR PLEURISY, -Or otherwise, ved Be sure mat If you take Brandreth's Pills they will beaest i often cure when all hope has flea. Price Is.

lid. per Uux, with full directions on eB Sent anywhere fur 14 stamps. rikUjA Be sure and see that "11. Brandreth, nrandreih-om York. U.8.A.," Is on the Government stamp.

Tins IS OUR ONLY MAKE. And Guaranteed to be the best Purgative In tbe SOLD BY ALL DRUGUISTS EVERYWHERE, rrw-f PRINCIPAL AGENCY: CHAKLOTT E-8 TBE' LIVERPOOL. 57, GREAT WHOLESALE LONDON AGENTS. W. KDVARM.OM OJjJIJj, Newbert avd Bom, St.

PBUl's-cliurcbyard J. haxos Oxford-street. mfesMta WOTirr. olrv inwre ivo Sows, At Vllllenvs'treet, Strand: -lIV-. Baucks, SOi, Bt.

us lnhaniit-UrraMi. Richmuud-rcaa, 8. Rl- Oondult-wtreet, W.C. Print eo and Published by William Charles CWgjS'tt Office, iX70. Strand, In the Parish, of St.

CTement AsjjjfjS City and liberty of UND A Registered, at the General Post Office as ewifr- From the Bmlder. EXPLORATION OF THE TIBER. One of the first reflections that ccurreii to many persons familiar with Italy, on hearing of the fall of the temporal power of the Pope as the master of Rome, was, now, at length, the Tiber will be explored It is not for the first time that the work has been attempted. The conviction is strong among Italians that treasures of art, of fabulous amount, have been cast into the turbid river on each successive capture or sack of Rome. Without counting the occasions on which extreme terror was causod in the city by the ravages of the Huns, nnder Attila, and by the final overthrow of the empire by Odoacer and the Heruii, the capture by Victor Emmauel in 1870 the 2624th year of the city was the ninth instance of a successful siege of the.

capital of Europe. Of these the first (under Brcnnus, in the 365th year of the city), and the three preceding the Italian conn, nest, were all effected by the same nation, the warlike and restless inhabitants of Gaol. Of neither of these sieges, unless it be of that by the Constable Albert de Bourbon, in A.D. 1547, which, indeed, was rather a Spanish than a French feat of arms, can we expect to find any memorial preserved beneath the waters of the Tiber. But on' the more fatal occasions of the sack of Rome by Alario, by Oetiseric, and by Totila, und possibly on that of the capture by the Greeks under Belisarins, tile firm opinion of the Romans is, that despair sought to rob the barbarians of their prev bv casting the treasures of the city into the Tiber.

The'existence of so long established and firmly held a tradition is ample justification for an attempt being made tosolve the question. It will not be necessary to incur a very large outlay in the first instance, us a comparatively partial exploration will be enough to prove whether it is worth while to continue the operations on an exhaustive scale. We regard the problem as one of immense interest, although not one of which it is at all easy to anticipate the solution. The present era is distingaished by discoveries in httnutn history, no less than in scieuce. The ancient world is being interrogated, and has only commenced to speak in an intelligible language in reply.

In Egypt, in Assyria, and in Palestine, a very large amount of positive information as to the history, art, and warlike and social habits of nations now swept from the eurth has been freely forthcoming. In Italy, it must, however, be remembered, the workof exploration is not new. The respect of the Italian peasant for the slightest memorial of Antichitii can hardly be realised by persons so heedless of their own prehistoric monuments us arc the majority of Englishmen. The pride of the Roman in his name and ancestry is enhanced by the hijth price always commanded by any relics worthy of note. Italy has been thrashed over in the senrch for coins, gems, statuettes, and terra-cntta lamps and v.ircs.

the riches uf the in these relics seem almost inexhaustible. The Count of Syracuse, the brother of King Ferdinand of Naples, added much to our knowledge of Roman antiquity by his systematic exploration of tombs at Cumsu and elsewhere. Appulia is very rich in remains, and has hitherto lain too remote from the iiitlux ot tourists to be by any means exhausted of its treasures. Temt-cotta funereal sculpture, of wonderful vigour und has been within the last year or two acquired by the South Kensington Museum from this part of Italy. The Government exercises a right over all treasure trove of this nature, and the general object of the law is, both to preserve all structural remains, and to prevent the removal from the country nf any portable objects.

Thus, in spite of the sloth and corruption of the administration, the jriiseo liorhonico at Naples has become enriched with some of tiie most exquisite remains of art that have anywhere escaped the ravages of time. Apart from the architectural remains, which public and private taste alike respect throughout Italy, the recoverable relics of ancient art mainly consist of coins, gems, mosaics, terra-cotta lamps, vases, and statuettes, brouzes, and marbles. To these six classes of objects the operations at Pompeii have added the discovery of fresco paintings. In addition to this, specimeus of food, tools, armour, requisites for the toilette, personal ornaments of all kinds, have been tound in the varnpau.au cities, ami uis tioyai nignness tne count oi Syracuse was in possession of a Roman lady workbo.x, made in the first century nt the Llirtstian era I-rescoes and mosaics have been chiefly discovered at Pompeii, as the gradual induration of thovolcamc ash which i buried this city has not proved destructive to ornamentation ou walls or floors. On the other hand, bronzes have been, for the most i part, much corroded by long contact with the sulphureous tufa.

I lie most portcct and uninjured bronzes Have been found at Hereuluneum, where the hot lava, pouring round tin- uieui it encounterwi in its course, nus enclosed it in a matrix unpenetrable to atmospheric influences, aud preserved it a I the freshness of us ear state. XX ith regard to the surmised treasures of the I iber, two questions occur. First, is it true that so much and so many of the art treasures of Rome have been thrown into the river? and then, if so, in what state of preservation tuny they be expected to exist? It is clear that a satisfactory solution can be given to these questions by the operations of the engineer atone. We may, iiowever, form some idea of what we should seek. Paintings, for instance, which are, from their rarity and other causes, the most interesting relics of antiquity, nro here utterly out of the question.

The same may be said of mosaics, except in the case of such small objects us nr, perhaps, plaques. Marble and brou.e statues are hoped for. In addition to the dillicully that would be experienced, at times when people were principally concerned in saving their own lives, in removing massive and heavy objects of this kind from their stations and that not for the purpose of actual preservation, but from a questionable kind of art enthusiasm, or even spite the effect uf the water of the Tiber, or the yellow mud which rolls down, on either marble or bronze during a period of mure than a thousand years is not to he despised. The waters of the Italian rivers are often charged with suits of volcanic origin, none more so than some that are sparkling to the eye and soft to tiie touch and taste. A period of iifty years has been enough to eat away a great portiou of the ironwork of vessels sunk in the Seine, leaving the remainder in the slate of silver-like threads of great purity and beauty, but retaining little of the form of the object af which they composed a part.

In the Seine, however, there is no trace of the sulphureous elements frequent in the Italian waters. 1'lius it will be only on the actual discovery of some uninjured work of ancient date, in marble or in bronze, that we shall be justified in looking with any confidence for more. The very first few days of a serious and well-ordered exploration will possess the utmost interest for all lovers of art. For terra-cotta, again, it is pretty clear that we shall look almost in vain. Quite imperishable as this material would be, from chemical causes alone, its fragile texture, and the low intrinMc value of the articles of which it supplies the material, are such as to lead us to expect nothing but rag- tiieuts ul eurtneuware irom the ueil oi the iibcr.

Ut course more is possible, but it is not, in our opinion, probable. It remains, therefore, that the treasures which may most reasonably be expected from the careful exploration of the Tiber will be coins and gems. Nor can it be considered as improbable that ornaments of the person or of the habitation, composed of the more precious metals, will repay the toil. On gold, silver, and the hard stones of the agate and corundum families Father Tiber may try his teeth for a long time in vain. Objects of small size would be very likely in the first instance to be thrown or dropped into the river, and in the second place to have sunk alone into its bed, and buried themselves from further disturbance.

For objects of this nature, of high intrinsic and artistic value, and requiring care like that of the diamond washer to detect, it is clear thai only a well-ordered and systematic search will be suitable. The Italians have great experience in research. The xeavi at I'ouipeii have assumed the form of a regular industry, under the direction of the State. Nor have the engineers of Italy beau slow to learn all that has been effected in the profession iu England und in France and in the execution of the Mont Cenis Tunnel they have far outstripped their French partners. But they are less experienced in dealing with the water.

Their tideless seas, and, with few exceptions, river-less coasts, have afforded tbem no opportunities for such operations us are familiar to ourselves. Their oue great river, long the tyrant and devastator of its fertile basin, has beeu tamed, so far as ia yet effected, by Englishmen as to whose treatment in the matter the less that is said the better. The experience iraineil in the canalisation of the Po will be of little avail as to the exploration of the Tiber. Tho conditions, in the latter case, are unique. It will be essential, in order to obtain anv adequate support from this country, for something of our own large professional experience "in tidal and submarine works, in river walling, and in sinking the foundations of river bridges, to be brought to bear upon the works attempted in the Tiber.

On former occasions, when great interest was excited in this conn try on the subject, when money was forthcoming for the search, and when onlv the steady and stolid opposition of the l'apal Government prevented the solution of this secular problem from uciu utiaiueu, it was taaeu as a matter ot course tuat trie works would be directed by English skill and ener8y. Italy has made enormous atri.lM inrS th.t in ueing attained, it was taken as a matter of course that the excellence, but no men will be a matter of such European interest, in failing to avail themselves of the expe rience gained in the raising of the Royal George, in the uruiging oi tne jiamar, tne nieuway, anu tne 1 names, ami in the recovery of Roman relics from the mud of the River Fleet. In fact, it must not be doubted that for the exploration of the bed of the Tiber to be attempted with anv satisfactory 1 i i muofc uu uvuuuuigu us a serious operation oi tne civil engineer. No peddling, no amateur worko trusting to tbe chapter of accidents, can lead to success. Ti.

be undertaken under competent authority. Either the Italian Government must itself take it in hand, as in the case oi me excavations oi t'ompen, or it must give to the company or association undertaking the enterprise a definite and exclusive right, for a fixed period, to deal with an agreed portion of tbe bod of tbe Tiber. The proprietorship of objects recovered must be distinctly ceded to the company, any Government reservations or claims being renounced or reduced to well-deflned limits. Preliminaries being thug properly arranged, the next step will be to make such a thorough investigation of measured area of the bed of the river as may afford some basis for future calculations. This may be done by means which are perfectly familiar to English engineers, at small and definable cost, and with an exhaustive result.

In case of failure, a second, and even a third exploration of spots selected in different parts of the channel would be proper. If the result confirm the sanguine expectations of the explorers, there will be no difficulty in raising tbe capital necessary for a proper inauguration of tbe enterprise upon a sound practical basis. If then such searches as we suggest should prove unavailing, as we fear they might, we should recommend the abandsnment of the desigu. Should the preliminary investigations have the result of proving that art relics of value are actually embedded iu the mud of the Tiber, and that the chemical effect of the water has not proved so corrosive as to reduce bronze and marble to shapeless deformityj we shall have before us a very uotablc and important enterprise. If a long-lost chapter, or series of chapters, in tbe history of Rome may be thus regained, neither cost, nor toil, nor patience, must be spared in adding so precious an illustration to human knowledge.

Above all, BIRTHS. BOSS. Slst at Lnratne-plaoe, Holloway, the wife of John JBetJertunn. lit at Oxford the wire of At hoi Maudslay, Esq. lit, st f.aim, HootlaiU, the wife of Henry Araott, Esq.

Jst, at Euglefleld-ruad, Islington, the wife of Charles K. 8. King. Jst, at Upper Lamboume, Berks, the wife of Thomas Faith, Eaq. 1st, at South Albert-road, Liverpool, Mrs.

Arthur Ritchie. S.I, at Wyborn House, Sutton, Surrey, the wife of Edmund Farthing. at uloucester-plaoe, Hyde Park, the wtfe of O. A. Western, Kkj.

31, at Sirring Qrove.MIddlesex, the wife of W. Eranj, Ksq. 3.1, at Holmesdaie, South Darenth, the wife of T. Nlckalla, Esq. M.

at Warwick- gaj-deru, Warwick -road, Jiatda Vale, the wire of H. Monro, Eaq. M. at gouthwlck-itraet, Hyde Park, the wire of Major Branflll. 4th.at Cromwell-road, the wife of O.

K. Haytar, Esq. ith the wire uf C. I). Green, of Oakland's, St.

Albans. 4th, at The Elms, Matting ham, Kent, the wife of A. Alexander. 4th, at llrldport, the wife or the Kev. H.

O. Francis. 4th, at Regent's Park-road, the wife or Huraielster, Ttsq. 4th, at Hawthorndeii, Lordship-lane, Dulwicb. the wire or Alfred It.

Hollebone. 4 tli, at Fiu-nham, Surrey, Mrs. Henry Potter. 4Ui, at Klugswood, tho wife or J. Knox, Esq.

6th, at Rlchburo' House, King Edwanl'sroad, South Hackney, thi-wife of A. CrtMSfleld, Esq. Mil, I'orchrster square, the wife or G. L. Home, Esq.

Eth, at int Mount, near Darlington, the wire or T. clayhllls, Esq. sth, at Hassobury, Essex, the wire or It. Gosling, Ksq. f.th.

at Laiigar Lodge, Suencer Hill, Wimbledon, the wife of Edward Jones, Esq. ith. At Vicarage, Islo or Wight, the wife or the Hev. J. Harr I wi les.

Cth, at Devonshire-terrace. Hyde Park, the wife of A. Schlor-sser, Em. 6th, at. Veitch's Hotel, Edinburgh, the wife uf W.

Askew, Eaq. Cth. at QtiBensborough terraoe, the wife of Majur-Ueneral Ferdinand Cth. at Stanhope-gardens, South Kensington, the wife of F. H.

Norman, Ksq. 7th, at Scarsdale Villas, Kensington, the wife of F. Cockburn, Esq. at Edinburgh, the wire or A. F.

Jones, Esq. at Florence Villas, Wood Green, the wife of Mr. P. Makoveyelt. 7th, at HasMugtou Lodge, Easiiugton, Gloucestershire, the wife uf H.

Esq. 7th, at Addljcombe, Craydi-n, the wire or V. Hoykett, jnn. 7tli, at Ursett, Essex, the wife or the Jlev. p.

H. Uurrlugr. DAUGHTERS. Slst the wire of F. Fenuer, or Putuov.

Slit, at Marcnaelds, Bracknell, the wife or A. Shauks, prematurely, stillborn). 81st, at itroomileld House, Dunbar, Mrs. Johti Stein. sis', at Uriion Park, Slough, the wife A.

M. Davles, Esq. Slst.nt Alexandra Villas, Seven Slsturs'-ruad, Suutu Ilurnsev, the wifo of J. Topham. id at ilarley-street.

Cavendish-square, the wife of Charles Heath, Esq. 3d, at Albemarls-street, the Hon. Mrs. Egerton. Sd, at The rralg, Wtndennere, the Lady Decies.

SI, at Hougbton-ploce, Harrington-square, the wife of Charles Mutton, Ksq. S.I, at Ktrcngrove, near Swansea, the wire or W. l. Pegg, Esq. 3.a.t South street, Greenwich, the wife or J.

M. Hurt. 4tli, at Oloucester-ruoil, Regent's Park, the wife of S. Taylor. 4th, at Upper Hamilton-terrace, the wire or C.

It. Chffllns, Ksq. 4th, at Vicarage Park, I'lumstead, Kent, the wife of fl. K. Hare, Esq.

4th. at Carter street, Walwoi rb, the wife the liev. It. It. Kesker.

4th, at L'ohham, Stirrer, the wire of J. J. llloyd. fith, at Kent-terrace, Itt-gent's Park, the wilt; or A. C.

Powell, K.v. M.h, ar. Kent House, Bow-road, the wife of rl. V. Garinan.

Sth, at College Green, Gloucester, the wife of Cap lain S. W. Rawlins; Kith Hgt. (stillborn). Mil, at Lower Nurwond, the wife or W.

N. HIbhort. fith. at Somerfluld-road, Flusbuiy Park, the wife uf F. w.

Kusseli tpromaturr-ly). 51h, at Upper Tnlse Hill, the wire uf F. Hudson. fith, at Telfurd-teri-aee, Heme ilay, the wire of G. Lee, Ksq.

rth, at Oakley House, Islington, wife ot A.Gouldliig, Esq lien, at me wire or uoiia. Cth, nt Chester-terrace, Hegeul's Park, the wifo of P. Kurslake, Esq, (stlllu.nn). Old, at Shore-road, Smith nackney, the wife nr M. Solomon.

Gth, at Tawsrock liarnstaple, the wire of H. It. Kmc. Ksq. nth, at Oak lands, Kent, the wifo uf li.

llil.i 7lh, at. the wife or W. H. Batemau. 7tli, at ila'lley Green.

Kamet, Herts, the wire uf H. It'iteman, Ksq. 7th, at Husthull Lodge, Tollbridge Wells, wile of lSowuiau, 7th, at siirbitou, the wifeuf T. w. Hlschutf, fcaq.

"th.atClaughtuii.t.'he-ihlre, James Irvine. 7th, at Wesrtleld-road. Homsey, the wire or ('. P. Sage, Esq.

At C-arass, county Limerick, the Hutu Lady Kucho. MAKBJAUIiS. snih at St. Park, Holloway, Edwanl U. Wast, of New lsroaii-street.

City, to Kinily.elderdaughteruf H. J. M'Unlluch, or the Admiralty. at NMrliiwotid Cnurch, near ltlckmanswortli, Arthur KaVy, H.lt.M. Consul at Syra, to Theodosla elder daughter of the Rev.

J. C. Whalfuy. of 'oKfinhoe, Marthamptonshire. Slst, at stoke NewliurUm, Justiua Kayle.or Tutteuham, to Ltmlsa, youngust daughter of Thomas and Emily Itjx.

liar, at St. Mary's, Newlngton, Mary Culver, second daughter nf Ilobort James, Eq ur Keuslngtou, to Willlaiu, eldest sun ul William or Walmor, Kent. 2il at St. Clement lkuies. Fraud-! N.

Dancer, or Little Siiitou, Ohlsivlck, to Francs Charlotte, daughter or Frederick Tapiwuduu, ut Sutton Court, Chiswlck. 2d, at St. ltiiruabas, Humerton, Charles Gporgn, younger sou of Jumoi Tuuks, to Kuiina Charlesson, second daughter of George C. Arney.of Homdi-ton. 2d, at St.

Pancras, llobert Slade, of Pudilletowu, Dorset, to Eli.a, siv cond daughinr of the late John ChtMuman, of Itrightun. I'd, nt St. John's, ilrixlon, Albert Gearing, of the Terminus Hotel, Lon ton Hriilge, to Uacliel Wake, only daughter of Mr. Howard, uf Wln-hoster. l.at St.

John's, Drixton.EilwIu Drew, of lilrkeuhead. tu Ctiarlot te, Uioyoiuuo.t surviving daughter or the late Thomas Jollllte, uf CitiHiind, Hants. 2.1, at All saints KcnsingUiu Park, Charles William Driiry. nr War-wlck-ooiirr. Gray's Inn, lotiara Worth, youngest daughter of the late Joseph Swauuell.

nt liurcota Loiige, liods. St. Nicholas, lti-ighton, Curtkiutlt Geoi-gs Macgjvor Skinner, of CarlsbriKike House, Isle or WUht, bi the Lady Letitla lulsa, eldsst daughter or the late Vlco-Aduiiral the RlKht Hon. Lord Kerr, and or Charlotte, his wire (ia her owu right Countess of Antrim). If.I, at St.

Giles's, Cambe'weli, Newbery George Ilatrh, of New-bery Villa, l-eckham, to Constance Mary, only daughter ot Frederick Tattershall, of Manor House, Peckham. 4th, at St. John's, Hammursuiith, William Kilwiu, second son of the late Mr. Thomas Gale, of Twyrord, Uerks, tu Emily Charlotte, eldest dau-'hterof the late Robert Peflny, of Ucal, Kent. 5th, al llulinay Congregational Church, Frederfi-k llutler, of Flnchley, to Lllla, youngest daughter of the late David 21'Niel, of Tyroleae t.ottagc, Homsey-roaa.

fith. at. St. Anne's, Suhu, Robert Harris, sou ol the late Theophllus Glsbumo, of Dalstun, to Marian, fourth daughter of William Addis, of Lelrester-street nth, at St. Giles's, Camberwell, wuiiaui I.

Harris, of King Henry's road, St. John's wood Park, to Fanny Louisa, eldest daughter of Henry J. C'onen, of The Fits, North terrace, Camberwell. I5lti. af St.

Man 's, Islington, Mlwanl, fourth son or tho lace John White, The Cottage, Aylebury, Ituuks, to Clementina, yomigost. daughter of the late lttchard Barnes. or Penxauco. Cornwall. Stli.ut Islington Church, Mr.

R. K. Rogers, of H.M.'s Customs, to Elizabetli Sarah, sei-ond daughter of the late John Clarke, of at Christ Chinch, St. Maryleboiie. Edward Josonh Chas.

Sueder, ot Spa, Relgium, to Augusta, eldest daughter of the late Thomas Jtourke, Esq. nth. at Friem Itarnet Church, Alfred, yumigost sou of of llransbiiry Villa, Kilburii, to Ellen Alar ton, eldest daughter of ul 1'uiup layers, rriernrarK, rriern ifarnut. eth, at All Waller Chance, to Mary Frances, second dauuhter of the late T. Andrews.

uf Essex. Uth, at St. Michael's, Hlghgatc, Juhn, yiungcsl sun of the lato General sir James Douglas. G.O.I., to Alice Anne, elder daughter uf the Right Rev. Bishop Claughton.

Jth. at St. Marv's. Stoke Nfiwlnfftna. Stnrrs.

second sun of the late John Reviugton, to Alice, thinl daughter of ttie late William Jtatey, Esq. 7th, al St. George Hanover square, I)r. Frederick White Palmer, of Urumndo House, Old Keut-roiul, Ui EIlAbeth Amy, only 'daughter of Frederick Armlleid, of South Uermoudsey. 7th, at St.

John's, Hill, Fralerlck Vernon, eldest sou of the late Ttnberf Young, or liattle, Sussox, tu Lydla, oldest daughLer or George Hobson, of Lansdowue-roail, Kensington J'ark. 7th, at Christ Church, Kensington, the Uev. ltalph Uutdiluson Hlmison, vicar or Monk's Klrby-cuni-Wtthybrook, to Mary Grace, Oaugliter of the late D. Xicolson, Hank or Scotland, Abunleon, 7th. af Hrust-y Church.

Kratlerlck Sage, or Gray's Inn-road, to Henrietta, oldest daughter ol Thomas Savin, of Dovecote Villas, llorusey. 7th, at Christ Church, Turnhnm Green, Chlswiok, Frederick Charles DoJsworth, ut Oxfurd Villa, Turuhaul Gretin, to Fanny, daughter of the late Neville Danlell, Esq. IIIII, in the stewatry or Kirkcudbright, to Isabel, second daughter i rn, ai isarnanas itensmgtou, imam ni'iNeuue, oi uf the late John lialliday, of Kniugliaui House, Seacuuibe. DEATHS. lit at Lowestoft, Mr.

Junu ii-ualey, aged (SO. 1st, at Siital-strert, lMrtfurd, Mr. Henry SMdulih, aged 74. 1st, nt Urighton, John Wyndham Holgate, In his 7Sth Year. 1st, at the ityes, Sudbury, Suffolk, Laura Uirullue, fourth daughter ot Nathaniel Clarke Hai-nadlston, aged 18.

1st, at Worcester Park House, Surrey, Sir James Pennethorue, aged 70. 1st, at Lllllo Lodge, Njrth End, Fulham, Pauline, second daughter ef Sydenham IHxou, eight months. 1st, al Durham-place, Chelsea, William Stevens Louch, in his year. 1st, at Queen's-road, Peckham, John Palmer Gray. 1st, neriha Hlockley, the youngest, child or G.

11. Jaquot, or Mouth-street, Khubury-square, aged 10 mouths. 1st, at Iursley, Gloucestershire, Baptist William illckes, aged 78. at the Grove, Camberwell, Kll.abeth Mary Anne, widow of W. Uodgklnsuu.

aged 78. 2d, at Loe, Kent, Jane Emily, the wire or Professor P. M. Duncan, F.It.S.,aged it. tl, at Loaruiiit.

Uill, Lewlsham, Mary Ann, daughter of Leonora and Jacob it. linger, aged 34. 2d, at Moutoeller-road, Brighton, ltosa, the wife ot James Samuel Buralein, aged 44. sd, at Catmleu-streei, Oakley-square, John aged .11. 2d, at Dmisbee House, East Croydon, Mary Ann, second aud last surviving daughter of the late V.

Brown, In her S8lh year. 1, at Ui'uadsuiirs, Kent, James, the Infant sou if James and Maria Hutchftisuu. at Rochester-square, Camdeu-road, Walter Uice, infant son of John and Elizabeth iiahies. Sd, at the Crescent, Uedfurd, Ashton Darrell Cromwell, only child of Major A. t'.

Warner, 111 his third year. al ltucklughaui Palace-rood, Ada Eleanor, youngest daughter of Ceoryi aud Sarah Ann Groves, In her second year. 3d, at l'otlenham, Mrs. C. Rutherford, aged 70.

Sd. Elizabeth Toraaslna Clotllde, youngest child of C. A. Sueratt, of Highbury Park, aged eight months. 0,1, nl South-road.

Clanliam Park, K. Bird. In his 85th year. il at. Old ltiickeuham Lodge, Norfolk, 11.

Koete, Esq. ad, at ililleo's Farm, Cauoubie Lea, JJ.B., Bucktmutor, age-i ro. a.1, at Ualgowau, Dorking, (J. Koi, aged 82. at Colchester, S.

A. fhllbrlck, 83. 3d, at lieamuuut Villas, Windsor. Charles Button, aged R8. a-1, at Southsea, Francis Friday, the Infant son of 1.

Uilnior, Esq. 3-1, at Chtluii, Eliza, widow or Urevel Hornsey. Sd, at Walliugton Ludge, Carshalton, Surrey, Ueury Browning, aged 5S. 84, at Quav-street, Manchester, J. WooUaro, in his year.

reuui, ui mi. me, in nor eoui year. Sd. at laterioiiiaii-place, Clirton, Klward. O.

Forsyth, aged 44. Bd, at. The Hayes, Prestbury, Edith Fanny tiie daughter of Arthur and Emily Littledaie, aged 1 1. 3d, at South Lainbeth-road, W. luifunl, aged 64.

4th, at Beljlje square, Margaret Edith, only daughter ot E. Sheu-lrd, M.l., aged 23. 4l)i. at 1 alstuu-pbice, Mr. J.

Druce, aged 78. Pytlaud House, Leamington, Mra. aged 81 4th, at Mal.la Vale, Frederick VVlllialii, the infant sou of William and Sarah Carter. 4th.nl Brunswick-terrace, Alfrwi I'l-arrh. aged 37 at KuiMley Iteotory, Urantham, Harriet, the wife the ltev' William Brouke.

6th, at Clan ton, Georglna Florence, Infant daughter of Charles Uoodwyu. Mli, at Christ Church-road, Streotham Hill, J. H. Florence. Esa aged G.J.

Sth, at Fron Isa Vflla, JJew Cross, Maria, widow of William Allen, aged l. Sth, at Morton Villa, Amhurst-rood, Hackney, John Wlilttaker Nutter, aged 83. ath, at Parade, Tunbridge Wells, Kllza, the wtfe of It. Peiton. rth, at St.

Gennalns, Lawrle Park, Sydenham, Joseph Mosentlial, iii hi Goth year. strr, i coinnaui-neras, Ernest vyvyan, only sun of Sutton and Koia-Klrkmtrick, aged Ave months. Liosa-KirKVNiirrcK, a CMi at A in barrow xiouse. Sandhurst, Berks, C. Hunter, M.U.

In his asth rear. Cih; at Claoham i Kise, nrtn daughter or the late Kdnard Woodcock. aired 81 Cth, at Earl's Court-road, Kensington, James Berriman Tippetts, ajted 75. 0th, at Oraat Mar low, Edwin, infant son of W. Godfrey- raustctr.

0th. at Hectory, Wltnerley, Leicestershire, tho Kev. James C. ltoberta. nth, at Bridlington Quay, Robert John Vllleneuve, the Infant ion of lhe Rev.

W. Nh. at Clifton, Elizabeth Ann, widow of Mr. Thomas Lancaster. OUi.

at Liverpool-terrace, Worthing, William Churchill Longman, his 47Ui year. Cth. at White Lar-klnirton, Somersetshire, Anne, the wife of the Ber. E. Neoeau.

In her 64U voir Cth. at dliepusrton Cottages, Islington, Mrs. Ann Derrick, In her 80th year. oi i nirne. widow or u.

valpy. Esq of Addlson-road, Kensington, Hampslead, sir Alexander Cockburn Campbell, In Din JrJin wr, 7th, at Woodford Wells, MarU, the wife of H. Aston, aged S3. 7th, at Park House, Gateshead, Henry C. Allhusen, kgeS IS.

Tth. at Wusgrare. Westmorland. Klohard Thwaltas. aged Hiu'Ar MaTy tbe wife E5TERAIi FUNERAL COMPANY.

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Strand Weatailnfter-road Station; 1, Kennlngtonireeii -ad 00. Sloane-street, 8 i. are Alps there is Switzerland, his utter prostration at findinc i. -1 i iussibu cuiusgtj uu me nuiue, nia muuaie at ueanng Italian spoken on French territory or French on German, all help uuc huucimiu UIU UUUItSUIBli: lut! Ulni3 OK euU- cation. On the other band, education gives us one of the moat formidable of his class in the statistical tourist.

No item of information comes amiss to his He tabulates the rate of speed on every railway, the prices in every hotel, the number of beggars in the streets, the height of the minster, tbe condition of the nutters, tbe costume of tbe priesthood. He turns tbe salon into a witness-box, and pumps his fellow-tourists for facts." He knows the dividend on every line, the congregation in every church, the date of every steeple, the size of every garrison, the age of every landlady. One turns with a sigh of relief from an omnivorous appetite for information like this to the sinele-aim tourist, it is amazing what an edge may be given to the most commonplace ramble ivy devoting it to a single The campanologist, for instance, wanders from town-tower to minster- tower with no other aim but bells. You may see him DeeDinz down from high turret windows with the rooks screamintr about his head, or the great boom far above tells you that he is standing triumphant in the dusty chamber where the carillons ring out at eventide, and copying the quaint old inscriptions and founders" marks on the bell-metal. We once knew a man who devoted his holidays to the examination of foreign mad houses, and found an immense interest, rear after year, in the comparative study of Btrait-waistccats.

i here is also a race of self-dependent tourists who manage to travel comfortably from Moscow to Ispahan without knowing a word of the languages they pass through, or requiring the intervention oi a single consul, men. in stratnze contrast there are the luckless race of travellers who never put their head out of window without losing their hat, whose luggage seldom turns up, who with the most peaceable intentions are constantly in custody of gendarmes for offences against the law, and being rescued by bored attaches from the most loathsome dungeons. The University tourist is, perhaps, the most omnipresent and entertaining of all. Most of us have laughed over his eccentricities of costume, his hobbledehoy mixture of vivacity and reserve, his academical shop his audacious French, his contempt for regulations, his awful reverence for the heroes of the Alpine Club. He is the vouncest and freshest element iu the strange medley which autumn pours out on the world tint he has this merit, at least, tbat he believes iu his tour.

He is not driven to the Lakes or the Rhine by sheer stress of fashion or compulsion, by the brushes of the house-painter, or the uecessitv of meeting Ladv Runa gate in the Campagna. He goes because he wants to go, and wherever he goes all is new to him. He does not yawn over sights be has seen a dozen times before, or shake hands with the landlord, with a were we are again, you see All is novelty and delight an immense importance tills his bosom as he scribbles home his first note from foreign parts. We look at him with a smile as he passes us, young and excited, a little noisy, perhaps, and insolent, ana British but tne smite is smile of envy as well as amusement, for in the mob of wanderers he is the truest tourist of all. From the Economist.

i THE HAMPSHIRE CAMPAIGN. The commencement of tbe Hampshire campaign marks a great and probably permanent change in the general feeling ot this country, bver since lots englishmen have enter tained, and some classes of them have openly expressed, a feeling of dislike or contempt for soldiers, the army, and the incidents of a military career, The money for the army has been voted only as a matter of necessity few debates have occurred npon its organisation, though many upon the right to command it, and every reduction proposed bv a Uoveru- ment has been accepted gladly. The middle classes have cared little about it, aud with the masses of the people a lad who enlisted nas been looked upon ns a ne er do weel, quite lost to respectability. So deeply impressed was tbe iJuke or Wellington with the existence or tins feeling that be believed the oulv way to preserve the army was to hide it away, dreaded debates on it, dreaded court-martials within it, and would have declared a campaign like that of Hampshire fatal to the very existence of the force. This steady policy of concealment reacted on public opinion, increasing the general distaste for military affairs, until many politicians, usually sober enough, declared themselves in favour of the abolition of a standing army and had we not become possessed of India and so many colonies, and had not the Crown 1 watched so persistently and strenuously over the army, there ran be little doubt that very rash experiments would have been attempted.

A different feeling lias arisen at last. Partly from the volunteer movement, partly from the accord which has at last been produced between the discipline of the army and the populer notion of what discipline should be, but mainly from excitement caused by the commeucement of a new cycle of war upon the Continent, the English people has suddenly begun to take an interest in its army, debates competitive plans for enlarging it, and is distinctly pleased at nn opportunity of seeing a corps d'armec in "motion in the field. The abandonment of the plan for the campaign iu Berkshire caused bitter disappointment, and the smaller campaign now in progress is watched almost with the interest felt in actual war. Long reports are published of every day's operations, little incidents like the breaking loose of the Guards' horses are dispersed with acrimony, anil the statements that the artillery tra Rn. r.

.1 1 I I. 1 1 v.i.wi, but, wu uiui num well, UJ3- cussed with cordial pleasure. No annoyance of any kind ie expressed at tbe pageant, and the cost, which will be very considerable, is defended as an unavoidable necessity. It really appears as if the people were again about to take an interest in their army, as they did in ltjM-15, and to insist on efficiency a sure sign that the interest is genuine. Should the Hampshire campaign prove a success, we may expect to see it lepeated every year, until the army has been fairly brought within the range of the subjects which British politicians are inclined to study.

It is too early as vet to iudire. but on tho whole it would seem probable that this success will be attained, that tne Control Office in particular, which has been so much attacked, will work well, and tbat the "army" of 30,000 will be pronounced by competeut observers a first-rate coivw iTarmee, fit for active service anywhere a verdict which will raise an immediate though possibly inaccurate impression that the other corps iParmee are equally efficient, and tend greatly to increase the national pride, ana therefore tne national interest, in its military equipment. Two consequences will follow from this new interest, one of tnem deciueuiy beneiiciui, but the other doubtful. There can be but little doubt, we think, that the habitual concealment of the army has greatly increased our liability to severe occasional panics. Most men able to form an opinion are able to understand that no force exceeding 80,000 men could possibly be thrown upon our shores, even if two or three Powers combined for the operation, without giving us ample warning tnat is, auite two months time in which to prepare for a descent.

The panic, therefore, hasalways arisen from a notion that even this force could not be readify defeated, that we bad not a sufficient number of trained men to meet such an army with any chance of success. Of late rears this has never been true that is to say, there has never been a time when with a week notice the Government could not, by leaving Ireland ungarrisoned, calling out all reserves, em ploying all nondescript forces, and using the marines, have assembled iuu.uuu men between London and tbe coast, The great want has been of a reserve army to support them, ot the means of transport, and of officers known to be fit for the superior commands. The reserve army is now being supplied, and if Mr. Cnrdwell carries out his scheme we shall by March ha ve a defensi ve army thrice the number of any probable invader. The existence of this force will not, however, reassure the country, which is taught by the press to be most distrustful of the military depart ment, uuiess it ia occasionally seen, anu demonstrates its ability to assemble quickly, to march, and to keen the field ine nest memou oi snowing it is by two annual "campaigns," one in the south and one in the north, and we oeneve tne expense ot such manoeuvres would be amnlv re paid by the freedom we should eniov from recurrent names followed by a preposterous and often useless expenditure ou everything.

The main expense they would entail, indeed, would be In compelling Government to keeo ud the Pnntrnl services" requisite for (say) sixty thousand men in time of peace, and this would be a distinct gain to the efficiency of the army. With the two corps d'armee of 30,000 men, whose efficiency would be visible, and two more well ascertained to be iu reserve, though not quite in such a state of preparation panics would become infrequent or imnossible. The counterbalancing disadvantage might be the growth of a military spirit among our own people. Those who have strength are very apt to use it, aud the English people is neither a meek nor a very virtuous one. Those who judge its temper only by the experience of the last ten years forget English history, and the interest the English "people have always taken ih war, their indisposition to suffer any loss, and their occasional eagerness, as shown in 1353, to fight for mere fighting's sake, just to see whether they were competent to fight or not.

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