The Honolulu Advertiser from Honolulu, Hawaii • 15

4 Hffl Iff! WWII HONOLULU, HAWAII SUNDAY, JULY 6, LONG LOST ANDEAN CITY FOUND BY HONOLULAN 1 "ft 1 la 74 2T J5 13 Panorama of Machu Picchu, Peru, Lost Inca City, Discovered by Prof. Bingham, Who Declares It Is Rivaled Only by the Celebrated Ruins of Cnzco. Prof. Hiram Bingham of YaleMakes the Greatest Archaeological Discovery of the Age by Locating and Excavating Ruins of Machu Picchu on a Peak of the Andes' in Peru. "Presently we found ourselves in the midst of a tropical beneath the shade of -whose trees we could make out a maze of ancient walls, the ruins of buildings made of blocks of granite, some of which were beautifully fitted together in the most refined style of Inca architecture.

A few rods further along we came to a little open space, cn which were two splendid temples or palaces. "The superior character of the stone work, the presence of these. splendid edifices, and of what appeared to be an unusually large number of finely constructed stone dwellings, led me to believe that Machu Picehu might prove Bit to be the largest and -most important ruia discovered in, South America since the days of the. Spanish cpnquest. For Serious Work.

1 So leaving two of his compauions at the-place makinjr iireliminary inspc-r THERE is nothing new untler the 8'in, they say. That is only rela-j, tively true. Just now, when we i. i i ii i 1 1 (iiufgui lucre was natiitauj lon ef the earth's surface still un-, 4 Bingham returned to not know. But he is sure of one thing: that the ruins of Maehu Picchu are surpassed in Tern by those of.

imperial It was the success which his previous expeditions to Peiu, tlmt caused the Yale explorer to set out again on tHe destined to produce" such splendid result. He had already heard of the existence of the hidden city on his previous, visits, and inn of -a-non tno i tupnvfip? ni a cmtn 1 the tinted Mates to get funis and comrades for really serious work at Alachu Picchu. expedition of 1912 was the result. It started almost exactlv one 6 or mountain, or the charting of, a remote strip of coast' line was enough to give a man fame as an explorer, one member' of the daredevil explorers' craft has "struck it rich," atruck it. so dazzlingly rich, indeed, that all his confreres may be pardoned if they but presently all that they eipected, and far more was revealed to the lighted, eyes of Professor.

Bingham and his companions. As little by little the luxuriant jungle was" hewn away and. the layers of earttl shoveled front around -the protruding portions of the ruins, massive structures began to ap-', pear, rivaling in size and architectural skill anything ever found in Peru. Not only that from burial caves fa. diggers took boaes of men who dtejL hundreds, perhaps thousands, of yr, ago, also bronze 'ornainents'ealrtfceo.

ware utensils, -and many other skljil aMe things. As piece after jiiece of the forgotten city came to light it becameerer e', to "conjecture just what kind of pla.c( it was in its heyday. 8ye Profr 4 'r' City of Kef age. Mm ha Picchu is es-sentiHy tty- of refuge. 5 It is perched on ar mountain top in the most inaccessible cornetf the inost inaccessible section of Frubamba river.

So far as I know, there islio' part of the Andes been better defended by A stupendous eanon, whete 'the principal rock is granite and precipices are frequently over'' feet sheer, presents difficulties tack and facilities for defense eeconii to none. Here on a narrow ridge, flanked on all sides by precipitoui Or nearly jirecipitwus slopes, a highly teiy''' ilized people artistic, inventive, nd-' capabletof sustained endeavor at time in he remote past built lbem-r selves a city of refuge. Since they had no or aftoel tools only stone hammers it striiction must have cost many-generations, if not centuries, of effort, Acrcss the ridge, and defending the builders from attack on the aide of the main mountain range, they two walls. One of them, ceo stituting the outer line of defense, lead from precipice to precipice, utilizing as lest it can the natural steepness of 'the hill. "Beyond this, and on top.

of lithe montan called Machu Picchnr, which overlooks the- valley from the wry summit of ore of the most stupendans precipices in the canon, is constructed a signal station, from which thovdr: proach of an enemy could be instaitly communicated to the city below. Within the outer wall they constructed an extonive of agricultural -terraces, stone lined awl averaging about eight feet high. Between these aid the city is a steep, dry moat and inner wall. "When the members of an attacking force had safely nj-gotiated the and easily defended eidee of pnash their teeth in chagrin and turn i green with envy. The lucky man.

says the New York TiUies, is Prof. Hiram of Yale, he whose hobby is South America. He has announced that he lias had the superb prood fortune to discover an entire nifv i t.v tlinltnm1 vparti a place or splendid palaces and tempie anil grim encircling walls, hidden away 'o thoroughly on the top of a well-nigh inaccessible mountain pa' of th Peruvian Andes that the Spanish invaders of four hundred years ao never set eyes upon it. He. calls it Machu Picchu.

For centuries it. has reared to the sk.v its Riant ruins, half-buried in tropical vegetation, known only to a few ignorant Indians of the neighborhood. Where tKe magnificent city was three poverty-stricken, half-naked Indian families now live; on the site of the central plaza, of its shrines and mansions and fortifications, they sow their little rat-he of corn. Between dead Maclm f'icchii and the world that wo know lie tildes of breakneck trails miles of 'ipperv through forests, up and I in? torrents. In the face of such a journey the iron soldiers of Pizarro turned four hundred years ago.

It remained for the strenuous Yankc? of today to negotiate it. Professor Bingham returned from Pern several months ago. To a Time man who met him, gaunt and fever-yellowed, on the steamship pier, he said that he was not at liberty to tell what he had scovered because his expedition had been partly financed by the National Ceographic Society and lie 'as bound to write the full account of his discoveries for the National Geographic Magazine. the moat, they would still find thenv sejves outside the inner defense the city, which consisted of a Wall from fifteen to twenty feet high, composed of the largest stones that could be found in the vicinity many'- Of thein huge boulders -weighing tons This wall iy carried straight cross the ridge from one precipitant side to the other. These defenses' are on the south side of the 1( "On the north side, on the narrow ridge collecting the eitv with Huayna One of the Staircases That Are a Feature of Machu Picchu.

Prof. Bingham Found Over One. Hundred of Them. Typical Dwelling House at Machu Picchu, Showing Gable Ends. To help defray its expenses Picchu, strong defensive terraces have had read a book bv an Austrian who the research committee of the National been strategically placed so as to ren-Geographic Society provided $10,000 i der nil the danger of an attack on here for three or four years gave us welcome and set before us gourds full of cool, del cious water and a few cold toiled sweet potatoes.

"A oart from another hut in the and Yale Lniversity contributed an this side. Difficult to reach at best, equal amount. In addition to the lead- the defenses were still further er of the expedition the following men I strengthened' bv the construction of was in Rat country forty years ago was not long before he came to' visit and said he had been told'about it. jus and iurpiire our hu.dne.-.s. He turned In lflll.

while looking for Yitcos, out to bo an Indian rather better thnti the last capital of the Incas. Professor the average, but over-fond of- 'fire ham went down he Frtibamba Kvater. Vallev, inquiring of the Indians on "He said that on top of the magnifi-every hand as to where there were i precipices near by there were ruins in the neighborhood. In the val- some ruius at a place called Machu lev he found plenty of signs that the Picchu, and that there were others still had been inhabited in ancient i mor? inaccessible a Huayna Picchu, on Herbert F. i high, steep walls wherever the preci- vicirtitv find a few stone-faced terraces, formed part of it: Prof Orecrorv.

eeoloaist: Dr. Geortre V. i ices lid not seem absolutely impai- osteologist; Albert H. Biunstead, sable. there seemed to be little in the way of ruins, and I began to think that my time had been wasted.

However, the view was iitagnifii-eiit. the water was chief topographer; Bllwood C. Erdis. i Crowded but srchaeological engineer; Dr. Luther T.

i hut Nelson, surgeon; Kenneth C. Hea'd and the city the houses are delicious, and the shade of the hile I Rofert Stejihenson, assistant tonoara- crowded close together, but an exten- most agreea n-sit-u a whuti umcn -icj I'l the current number of that maga- zinc the explorer's narrative has just appeared, adorned with photo- i graphs taken bv- himself, whiHi give yneh a vivid idea of Ma-hti Picchu and its lnri.s that one can easilv under- stand the thrills of awe and delight 1 which, says the fortunate explorer, were fplt by himself and his companions as they allied forth from their camp! day after day to burrow into ti ruins. May Be Cradle of Incas. And great as is Professor Hinham'si hick anyhow, t'ine may show it to be tar great 'T than it now ap, ears. 1 his magazine article he says that, in his opi'Mon, the city discoveied by him i 1" none other than the mythical city of fatiipu Ti'cco, from which, accoulitig ti Peruvian legend, issued a hardy i tribe of warriors led by three brothers who conquered the entire region roundabout and founded the famous empire of the Incas, which, after flourishing fir of years; and reaching an astounding degree of civilization, was hurled into the dust by Francisco Pizar r- Whether this be so or uot he does and then went on to the top of the peers; Paul Bestor, Osgood Hardy and si ve systcn of tiarrow streets and rocit-.

a peak not far distant from our "He offered to show me the rnins, which he had once visited, if 1 would pay him wdl for his ser ices. His idea of proper payment was fiftv cents for his dav's labor. Tins did not seem times by a civilized race. He saw traces of well-built retaining walls above the torrential streams and noticed that the slopes had been terraced bv forgotten generations of tillers of the soil. There were walls, ton, built Joseph Little, assistants eleven in rdl.

hewn make lntereomtnumca-After they reached Peru the force was tion comfortable and easy, swelled by a number of Indian laborers, "On entering the city, perhaps-the captained by an efficient Peruvian firt characteristic that r-trikes one is soldier called Tomas. 'that a large majority of the They toiled up the canon-like Uru- were a story and a half in height, with bamba Yallev, slung flimsv footbridges gable and that these gable ends The City Gate. ridge. On all sides ot us rose the magnificent peaks of the Uru bamba canon, while 2000 feet below us the rushing waters of the noisy river, making a ureat turn, defended three side. of the ridge, on top of which we wer hunting for ruins.

On the west side of the ridge the three Indian families who had chosen this eagle's nest for their home, had built a little path, part of whi'di consisted of crude ladders of vines and tree trunks tk'd to the face of the precipice. over roaring torrents, and eventual! are marked bv cylindrical blocks pro- -trategicaHy on the edges of cliffs, as unreasonable, although it was two and to protect whatever lay behind from one-half times his usual day's wage. hostile iutruders. "Leaving camp soon after breakfast. It was not.

however, until he was joined the guide and, accompanied fix davs out from uzco, his starting by a soldier kindly loaned me by the; )int, that he got a ray of real hope, Peruvian government, plunged through This was at a little plantation called the jungle to the river bank and came Mardorpampa. He writes: to a shaky little bridge made up of "We camped a few rods away from four tree trunks bound together wifch the grass-thatched hut, and it vines and stretching across a stream t-nlv a few inches above the roaring rapids. On the other side we had a hard climb; first through the and later up a very stiff, almost precipitous, slope. About noon we reached a little urass hut. where a good-natured Indian family who had been living jecting cut from the house in such' a way as to suggest the idea of the ends of the rafters.

The wooden rafters have all disappeared, but the ring-(U-ontinued on Page six.) after ten days' of arduous travel, found themselves on the site of the ancient city There they camped and began excavation without delay. At first results were disappointing,.