The Observer from London, Greater London, England • 2

THE OBSERVER. 1 MAY-H 9 7 0, 3 THE US Nixon's oUsis I rff iff, An amendment to end the war The cool, calm Image of the Nixon Administration has been shattered by reaction to the Cambodian adventure, reports WILLIAM MILUNSHJP. Now the Senate will try to curb the President's war powers. chance that legislation of this kind will get through Congress, it received indued support this, week from Mr Averell Harriman, former head of the American delegation to the Paris peace talks on Vietnam. He told a Congressional committee chat the only way to compel the Thieu regime lo negotiate seriously was to draw up a fixed timetable for the withdrawal of all American forces from Vietnam.

'Thieu has'no intention of be said. 'He double-crossed President Johnson, and he li Med the rug from under President Even if the President does en-tricate himself from Cambodia, he is likely to pay a higher political price for military success than he expected. His personal credibility has suffered considerably in rhe two weeks. His unexpected drive into Cambodia seems to have bewildered and alarmed America more than it has frightened Hanoi The Administration has given contradictory explanations for he attacks on the sanctuaries. There has been a strong movement among students and university teachers to direct their anti-war energies into more conventional political channels, lobbying Con- viser, aH tried to persuade Republican Senators to oppose rhe amendment The argued strenuously that adopting it would in effect be a vote uf in the President It would also undermine the effect i vencs of Mr Nixon's threat move decisively against the Nnrth Vietnamese if the escalated Clieir ar effort A more ambitious plan will be floated tomorrow bv a eroup of Senators who base bought television time to publicise wtlat they call an amendment to end the War in the form of an amendment to he Appropriations Bill.

This demand the withdrawal of all American forces frnm everywhere in ndo-China by 30 June 1971 and cut off funds for military operations there after that date. A'rhoiwrh there teems little Senaie to restrain the President's power to extend the war without retcrence to Coagress. There is non -j reasonable chance that the Serate vuK vote ne( wee. favour of such a proposal. It Lakes ihe form of an amendment to llie Foreign Military Sales Bill, lahled Senator Cooper, a Republican from Kentucky.

and Senator Church, a Democrat from Idaho 11 refuse fimdfs for maintain-ine American forces bevond the President's own end of June deadline, and would rule oait the use of American troops and advisers. nn support the new reeime in Phnom Penh This hi iea: alarmed the Administration. Mr Laird. Mr Elliot Richardson. Under-Secretary of State, and Dr Henry Kisimrer, the foreign affarr ad Washington, 16 Mav WEARIED his frantic scramble to communicate with siudenK Congress, members of hi own Cjhjnet and the country as a whole in the turmoil caused his Cambodian advent re.

President Nivon has been persuaded spend a few das in Florida. But although what one Presidential aide described to me fis 1 the panic in the White House at the intensity of American reaction appears 10 have subsided. A dm injur a lion is fit ill in sc.er.ii kinds of trouble. As if counS hc ensr nf the oasr to wedv oil clear-y hope That fkev irnKidia i wv.c a pel an that. wVi' rhe c.

hj he trnd ne. -a- ne able 10 report a remarV-ab'c ic in ihc anc- a'readv claimed that vast amounts of tood. weapons, and Kive Keen captured or destroyed. The Defence Secretary. Mr Vfeivi laird, forecast this week that the South Vietnamese Armv will hnve Taken over a'l irroimd fiehttna tn rLz 'i Am eric.

i Kho: from ho i a no: be neat ami harpiv de'med as the r.c-"- --A li irp-'vv! Mr 1 rd i1; ctt open -L-i (-H I ri.h'i: r'-o- 3-c the sij-s i- S. rr.iiT-cc .) frcr the i pul ed t' Jt. Mike MansTje.C, Demo, "cade" Thc Senate said rh Supper -er he -V re.v!;. involved it is iust an illusrra- inn Sin eon being the tail vag cing and pull ng uj, aMunJ." TTil-arenmem that the America ri- id' am h.isev: o- a C''e -n effec- -'ip etna rrio r-e I Si iroop ran into ter oiii -n dmhodiLi the 'e-C-l hv vrr.dMv gressmenvandsprepaiing to playa big part in thiitNovembetiCoripes-Juonal elections Many colleges a expected to folSrw the esaniple of and give students time, off in Hie dUftjnui to work for peace cjladtuatfssL offengj fo; the first time in local elections the kind of enthusiasm and ingenuity that Senator Eugene McCarthy har-WSSecEWhen he ram fof the Demo-Frit Presidential nomination in 1968. But.

at the same timey there Aas been continued violet pat placid camifcisea. "In the most senous incident This weelQtwo more students were killed when police opened fire on demonstrators at thu largely black Jackson State College in Mississippi. Previously, black students had taken little part in Lhc anti-war movement. The shootings followed the killing of six Negroes during racial disorders at Augusta. Georgia, earlier in the eck Student violence may provoke a backlash in favour of tie President.

The Wall Street Journal reported this week that it had been surprised by the uncommonly venomous ami -student tone of many letters it had received after the death of four students at Kent State University in Ohio. This kind of hatred was most dangerously expressed in counter-demonstrations in New York, where construction workers beat up student protesters. Thi anti-student diatribes of Vice-President Agnew in recent months seemed to be an attempt to make political capital out of the backlash, but they ieft the Administration open to charges of encouraging a dangerous polarisation in the country. To add to the President's troubles, the Democrat Party chairman, Mr Lawrence O'Brien, is planning a major attack next week on the Administration's economic policy. Figures released this week show that, while the economy was si owirrg down and a further increase in unerrtployment was likely, inflation bad still not been brought under control.

The Nixon Administration, which only three weeks ago appeared cood. confident and efficient, is suddenly in trouble wherever it looks. The crisis which hit this country out of a clear sky is not yet over. America could be heading for a dangerous summer. What Stewart told Washington by ROBERT STEPHENS, lur Diplomatic Correspondent Tbe enemy must be identified aiirfl wied.

Then we can deal with An armed policeman stands guard over a captive demonstrator during last week's riot at San Francisco University against tbe shooting of American students. Reagan's plan to 'beat revolution', from CHARLES FOLEY: Los Angeles, 16 May THF I-nreign Secret.ir Mr Michnel Stcwarl. returned I ondon yeverdn from Washington where fic had talks with President Nixon and the American SeceUm of Stale. Mr William Rogers, about ndo-(' hina. the Middle East and w.iys of relaxing Fast-Wes; tension in Europe Mr Stewart he had the President about anxiets Britain decision lo send American He aUi to'.

Mr Nixon tic Pres proiirr-rve described and it will assist the police they ha-e announced' Mr Slew.arl considered that the moM im.pitrtant pari of his talks relafionN between K-axl a no West. especial between NATO and the Warsaw- Pactt co-miries 1 understand that The Foreign Secretary hoped to persuade the United States to support a more positive approach to East-West talks on Furopean problems re.spnnc lo the lon.t:-.standi ns proposa's irom RiKsia for a secariK conference. the las; meeting of NATO foreign Ministers in December, lr Stewart floated the idea of a ini1 iii commission on F.ast-Wcs: 1- ro he Ci-ini ooscj co.intne from I O. the Pact aiid some neut-aK i''--lH -nr lmsoorStne name ot SCEWHR. He is expected lo press this idea more vigorously at the next meeting ot NATO Ministers in Rome.

One possibility considered in the Foreign Office is that SCEWER might develop into a regional organisation for the whole of Europe registered with the United Nation, comparable with the Organisation of American States and the Organisation of African Tnir. Dfv Mi rarkx cables trom os-co-w Russia has not abandoned hopes of peace negotiation on sin international scale after the Aajeiif-can withdrawaJ from Cambodia. 'R is pointed out here that perhaps ic br.ehtc-i vKer iinmc a I rhe vo-nenr slhat H.i-ii1 n.o. coin-nleteiv b-oV-n otl ihe talks in Pans ctnarn had genera! support rom B- i ic Ae-nTier Llie ici contioenr the ted the- -i Zampmsn Sponsored by the National Fund for Research into Cnpplmg Diseases aided by membersofthe Cancer PoliaPooh friends in industry. prohibit any organised protest against the Government, however peaceful.

Most would censor news reports which the Government considered harmful to the national Dr Herrmann says: 'Terrorism leads to a down and so to charges of repression. The remedy is to split off those bent on destroying the system from the mass of dissenters: then, fallowing classic guerrilla warfare to find means which will win their hearts and for both aims, the new intelligence system is seen as a priority. Nearly 1 million has been it. already. Dr Herrmann 'Jjat will rive poh'tical decMbn'-eers ifiaer A centralised "InteBigence network would also hetp to pulIcon-fiicting law enforcement agencies together.

It is the absence of a national police force in America which has led the Army to build up civilian files. Starting after the black ghetto riots in Los Angeles five years ago, they conducted their own surveillance of protest demonstrations and put undercover men into the student ranks. Army agents pose as students and news reporters. Campus speeches and conversations are secretly recorded. All is done on the ground that the military may be caUed on to quell civil disorder and a Federal judge has argued that is no more than their right.

Dr Herrmann would surely agree. He is a warm admirer of Presidenl Nixon's British adviser in Vietnam, Sir Robert Thompson, who went on from devising the successful action against the Communists iD Malaya to become a consultant for the Rand think tank in Los Amgeies. If the Malayan Communists were crushed by wmkling-out subversives and protecting the law-abiding people against attack, ponders Herrmann, would not the same strategy succeed in a US emergency A 5TART1ING plan to fore-staH revolution in America is beiag drawn up by the advisers of Governor Ronald Reagan of California and has already been condemned by one critic inside die Administration as a blueprint for a police Drawing partly on ideas developed by the British for crushing Communist subversives in Malaya, its aim be, to draw civil, military and police forces together within 3 framework of advanced scientiifjc techniqucs. Aided by lavish Federal funds, it may become the model for dealing with a national emergency. the trouble-makers are aeen here.as part.of a Comma-: Mtfmpired, amrpsign to tnake America's world-wide peace -keeping task' impossible.

This week Governor Hcagan admitted for the first time in public that 'a great majority of students stand behind tbe youthful radical groups which nave shaken this country add threatened its institutions. No say bjs.oit:bin we allow these people to- injsase democtatic rutes to play the revoto-uonary aame. The enemy must-be In thif weather what eati you'do with drwsfit-saaicrd; wtwr-proHOif idejginjM' and isolated Tben.rwp- scenes, experts are i a wide ranse of ways Everest double glazing-? Um M.WllBSBSl With some double if nm glazing, you'd be locked in. But if you' rather breathe freely on uu aod means. These irjcrbde tronk -surveillance (suchraSi long-: distance bugging) deeper penetration by undercover agents into dissenting groups mathematical probability models to predict the time and place of future outbreaks and resort to national data containing personal detail) many millions of citizens.

Some 'Big Brother aspects may cause concern when they are known, but Reagan's supporters believe that in today's climate of fear the plan should be welcomed by the general American public. Unveiled at an appropriate moment in this election year, it will make a grandstand appeal to Reagan's voters. The cost: 10 million, three-quarters of it from Washington. Heading Reagan's Task Force on Riots and Disorders is Dr William Herrmann, aged 49, a counter-insurgency expert who is officially known as a senior operations He obtained his university degrees while serving in the police, then went into the think tank business. He is now a Government adviser on Indochina.

Dr Herrmann does his thinking in an office at Systems Development Corporation a paradise for datacrats (1,000 of them) who pore over scratchpads, working out defence and law enforcement problems from crowd control to voice identification as well, as using computers to learn how to handle disorders, Herrmann foresees their deployment for more strategic purposes. Several agencies are contributing ideas for the fight. First in Bie fieldewas the National Guard, which decided it should gather information on dissenters. Each State runs its own Guard under a commander who does not have to be a professional soldier. The appointment is often a political reward.

California's staff officers sought to create a network to spy on every activity of suspected dissidents income tax, traffic violations, sexual behaviour, drug usage. That was too much for the public to swallow; the plan was scotched. But much of this intelligence is i in fact already available to tbe authorities. Despite assurances given in Congress, the Army has failed to destroy its vast computerised and micro-filmed data banks on the political and private activities of millions of civilians, raneing from folk singer loan Mrs Martin Luther King and Dr Spock to Underground Press subscribers. California can plug into this instant information svstem Jt the Army's San Francisco intelligence base.

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