The Montgomery Advertiser from Montgomery, Alabama • 2

TWO-A THE MONTGOMERY. ADVERTISER WEDNESDAY, NOVEMBER 14, 1956 Boycotters Lose Round Bombshell Reaction I i Kl A UN i Insured and operated by morally jurisdiction on the grounds that (Continued From Page 1) (Continued From PagJ) the federal courts rather the unsuitable drivers. Peter A. Hall of Birmingham been a lot of talk just as I'm doing now." state courts have jurisdiction. CARTER'S RULING In holding his court had juris (Continued From Page 1) At the Montgomery Improvement diction, Carter said the situation and persons in the two cases were different.

The Negroes filed a petition in U.S. District Court Nov. 1 seek ing to stop the city of Montgom ery from interfering with the car led a battery of four Negro lawyers in saying the car pool was a non-profit organization and, if actually illegal, the city had not taken appropriate measures to halt In a final statement, Atty Gray said the boycotters were being forced to ride segregated buses through the city's action. Mayor W. A.

Gayle was the only witness called to testify by the Negro attorneys. Gayle said that had the law been different he "would have obeyed the law at that the group which has spearheaded the 11-month-old bus boycott, the first of what probably will be many congratulatory telegrams arrived. It was from Denver, Colo. The contents of the telegram were not released for publication. Miss Juanita Townsend, 18-year-old student at Massey Draughon Business College here, said that "if buses are integrated, many people would get upset.

As long as you ask, I think it might lead to violence." Mrs. J. D. Powell of Selmer, llSrw CP i pool according to the terms of a resolution passed by the City Com-mision last month. First Negro witness called by the city was King.

The Negro leader said he knew very litle of the financial structure of the time" when the arrests starting the boycott were first made. Gayle said the city sought to EVENTS WHICH LED TO COURT DECISION In chronological order, here are the events in Montgomery which led to the U.S. Supreme Court's historic decision yesterday outlawing racial segregation on public conveyances in the state: Dec. 1, 1955 Rosa Parks, a Negro seamstress, was arrested after she refused to move to the rear of a city bus when asked to do so by the bus driver. Dec.

3 Thousands of circulars were distributed to Montgomery Negroes, urging them to "stay off city buses" on Monday, Dec. 5, the day of the trial of the Parks woman, in protest of her arrest. Dec. 5 The Negro woman was fined $10 and costs in police court for violating city laws. Meanwhile, bus company officials reported the Negro "one-day protest" was 90 per cent effective.

Dec. 8 With the boycott still in effect, Negro leaders indicated it would continue indefinitely until "satsfactory'r agreements could be reached. Their demands: A first-come first-served arrangement, Negro drivers for buses which traveled in Negro sections of the city, and more courteous treatment for Negro passengers. Jan. 29 After weeks of futile negotiations, the first major violence was reported a crude bomb exploded on the porch of the Rev.

M. L. Kins Negro leader of the boycott. No one was injured. Jan.

31 A second bomb was exploded, this time on the lawn of the home of E. D. Nixon, Negro leader and former president of the Alabama chapter of the NAACP. Feb. 21 The Montgomery County Grand Jury indicted 89 Negro leaders active in the boycott, all charged with violating state laws prohibiting organized boycotts.

March 22 Rev. M. L. King Jr. was found guilty of boycott charge and fined $500 and costs, ase was appealed to State Court of Appeals where it is still pending.

9 On a petition from City Commission, Circuit Judge Walter B. Jones ordered City Bus Lines to discontinue its policy of desegregation. May 10 Negro legal leaders open assault on city and state segregation laws relating to transportation, giving testimony to a special three-member panel of federal judges. June 5 Federal judge panel, by vote of 2-1, declare segregation unconstitutional on public conveyances. Both city and state appeal decision to U.S.

Supreme Court. Nov. 13 U.S. Supreme Court, on appeal from three-member panel, uphold original decision, declaring segregation on Montgomery and Alabama public conveyances is unconstitutional. legal means any effort to apply la his state a high court ruling aimed at banning bus segregation.

In Florida, Atty. Ervin said bus segregation laws remain in effect in that slate and must be enforced despite the Supreme Court ruling. Sen. W. M.

Rainach, chairman of the Louisiana Joint Legislative Committee on Segregation said: "I interpret the Supreme Court's new decision on bus segregation to mean the court plans to outlaw separate but equal faciUtits in every phase of our life. The original school segregation decision was not constitutional and this is just another unconstitutioiar decision by the same court." Govs. George Bell Timmerman, South Carolina, Frank Clement, Tennessee and Luther Hodges, North Carolina, withheld comment. Negroes have beu boycotting buses in both Montgomery, and Tallahassee, in protest against segregation of the races. In Montgomery, the Rev.

Luther King one of the, boycott leaders, said a mass' meeting would be held tomorrow night to decide whether to call off the boycott there in view of the high court ruling. He said Negroes tunques-tionably" will to-end boycott. halt car pool operations because a desired "comprehensive traffic survey cannot be made with this artificial transportation goin on" SCHOOL OFFICERS Shown above are officers of the School of Agriculture, Alabama Polytechnic Institute, who were elected in recent campus elections. Henry Long (left), junior from Dancy, was elected vice president, and John Lee, senior from Tyler, is president. and because the Negro transporta tion system had "destroyed a safe, economical bus system." said she "didn't think the Negroes are quite ready for integration.

Many don't keep themselves clean and I wouldn't like to sit next to them on buses. Up in Memphis they don't have bus integration." Warrant Officer G. C. Watts, 38, 210B Smith St. and formerly of Maxwell Air Force Base, said he felt "like the rest of Montgomery.

I guess I just don't like the thought of Negroes pushing me around." Carrie McKenzle of 767 Day a Negro domestic, said, "I'm 56 years old and that too old to walk. MIA and of the details of the transportation system. Association secretary Erna Dungee also claimed general Ignorance of financial and transportation matters when asked to testify by Knabe. The Rev. B.

J. Sims, Negro pastor of a Tuskegee church, said he had an "expense account" of $29.40 weekly for his services as a member of th MIA transportation committee. Station wagon driver the Rev. Burl Mack Averhart said he couldn't remember where he got routing instructions but admitted he was given a "donation" of $24 weekly. A petition asking for a temporary injunction to halt city action Surprise witness for the city was Stuart W.

Patton of the Ala bama National Bank, who testi Hun gaiT fied that the MIA had deposited a cumulative total of $189,000 in his bank. There is only slightly (Continued From Page 1) Parents Observe Education Week UNION SPRINGS, Nov. 13 (Special) Parents of Union Springs High School students are urged to visit the school this week over $1,000 in the association de posit at the present moment, Pat- ton said. The city also Introduced movies taken by Police Lt. Drue Lackey showing Negro motor pool ooera tions.

Atty. Hall entered an ob 1 make $10 a week and that not enough to pay cab fare every day. So I ride the 'buses. I don't use the car pool because they tell me I've got to be a member of the NAACP to do that. And I don't make enough money to belong to the NAACP.

Anyway, my daddy didn't belong to the NAACP so jection to the showing as taken by an incompetent operator and a violation of federally guaranteed against the motor pool filed in U.S. District Court by Montgomery Negroes will be heard at 10 a.m. today. Florida NAACP Probe 'Beginning To Roll' Court privacy. City attorneys frequently why should as American Education Week is observed.

Principal Joe Stowers issued a special invitation for tomorrow, at any time during the day. Features of the observance include two radio programs by students over WTUS. On Friday at 8:45 a.m. the. junior class, under the direction of teacher-sponsor Mrs.

Maxine Gholston, will present a skit, "Confidentail- Report." This morning at 11:00 the senior class presented "The Doormat," directed by Mrs.Marguerite Mc-Caslan, senior class sponsor. made the point that MIA Treasurer E. D. Nixon was out of town TALLAHASSEE. Nov.

13 MWYir AM AVV JSSJT1T.T and that neither he of his rec James E. Sanders of 1530 Winona said, "I'll tell you how I feel abort it. I never wanted to buy a car, but I'm buying one told today that an investigation cf ords could be subpoenaed. Earlier, Carter had overruled a defense plea which challenged his the National Assn. for the Advance tomorrow.

I'm doing that to pro mert of Colored People was "beginning to roll ar.fl tha some concrete facts wouiJ be submitted U.S. Shrimp Boat Escorted To Tampico After Shooting tect my daughter-in-law my toward promises, but we must have confidence that the government will fulfill the promises after a resumption of work and re-establishment of Soviet tanks and guns, at ail important intersections, got little attention. Other Soviet tanks and guns guarded the Parliament building where the Janos Kadar government installed by Soviet military might was housed. Parliament appeared to be the only place where the Kadar regime was master of the situation. Its radioed appeals for workers to return to jobs went unheeded.

In government offices nationalist-minded officials expressed the view that Imre Nagy, the former premier displaced by Kadar, was the only man who could solve tLj present situation. Nagy and a group of his supporters apparently remained in refuge in the Yugoslav Embassy. There were reports the Kadar and Nagy groups held talks, but it was believed Nagy would refuse to cooperate with the Soviet-installed rulers. Rumors persisted that NikiU Khrushchev, the Soviet Commu nist party boss, was here with other top leaders trying to help the Kadar regime. son's overseas and my grand at a Dec.

11 meeting child. I don't expect my grandchild, who's five year's old The progress report was made In Or Oat? Judge Faces Army Rulinsr Hill by Mark Hawes. chief attorney for the interim committee which I don't think he'll ever ride on a bus next to a Negro." was set up to investigate die Jake Kilberg, 714 W. Patton (Continued From Pago 4) Supreme Court today agreed to review. The 1934 three-judge court was composed of federal judges Richard Rives, Seybourn H.

Lynne and H. Hobart Grooms. In 1953, a three-judge district court had declined to grant an injunction against the and this 'decision had been affirmed by the U.S. high court. The 'union then claimed that it did not apply to ABC employes.

The district court, In effect, then ordered the case into th state courts so that the law might be construed. After an appeal to the Alabama Supreme Court, which ruled that the act applied to ABC employes, the case went back into the federal courts, and thence to the Supreme Court again which today agreed to review the case. NAACP and other organizations. (Continued From Page 1) I C7 said, "I'm a Northerner and up We have made some specific eForts which I would not brine DOTHAN, Nov. 13 tn -Federal District Judge Frank M.

in the open at this tune for there we don't have any segregation on buses. But I believe it's up to the people of the South to decide for themselves whether or not they want segregation or in Coast Guard to care for Capt. Wilson. Mexican gunboats have arrested numerous U. S.

shrimpers, taken them to port, confiscated their catches and fined the operators. Gunboats have fired at or near U. S. shrimp boats. Mexican claims its sovereignty extends 11 sea miles from shore.

Neither the United States nor the shrimpers recognize this claim. They say Mexican waters extend average person thought 'Well, if we're at another brink, we'd better keep a general in the White House. He said he felt this explanation held true "for all sections of the fear that they might hamper fruit BROWNSVILLE, Nov. 13 The Mexican gunboat C28 escorted an American shrimp boat, the Pescadora, toward the Mexican port of Taupico today following the latest shooting incident involving American shrimp fishermen and units of the Mexican Navy. The skipper of the Pescadora, Capt.

Tom Wilson, was in critical condition from two bullet wounds, his radio operator and nephew, Charles Wilson, said. The captain was hit yesterday, the radio op tegration." All the persons interviewed by The Advertiser, with the exception of Lewis, are regular bus patrons. Johnson Jr. took under advisement today a petition seeking the release of young army lieutenant charged with a $2,469 theft. He had directed officials of nearby Ft.

Rucker to show cause why they should not release Lt. Stanley Maurer, 26, of 03 City, Pa. At today's hearing, a defense attorney contended that Maurer had actually been discharged from the service before he was picked up and returned to Ft. Rucker. Officials at Rucker had Maurer returned last month for an investi In earlier interviews, one of the ful results, but the foundation has been laid and when we meet again we will have a concrete report to bring to you." Hawes said.

The committee heard preliminary reports fron hawes and Chief investigator John Cheasty on progress of their work, then went into a closed session. At conclusion of the closed meeting, Chairman Hen-y Land announced that the committee had hired Tallahassee Detective Sgt. out only three sea miles. A sea mile is lVa land miles. U.

S. shrimpers earlier appealed i erator said, when the C28 fired on the Pescadora in the Gulf of Mex country, even here in the South where some people voted Republican for the first time in their lives. "But to realize the true strength and influence of the Democratic Party, one only has to remember that this election was practically unprecedented," he said. SINCE TAYLOR "It has been more than a hundred years, in fact, since 1848 when Zachary Taylor was elected, that the party of the President did not gain control of Congress." ico. 11 miles off the Mexican 7 Be The Year Will 195 coast.

plantiffs in the precedent-breaking Supreme Court case said "it was not as if we were fighting the city or its officials." Susie McDonald, 78, said "all we wanted was justice. We were badly treated on the buses and now they've given us justice. "I feel that lots of people of the white race and of our race are not fit to sit with 'decent people and News of the Pescadora wis re R. J. Strickland as an assistant That Oli anses the World? ceived by radio from Wilson's brother, Lloyd, 53, skipper of the shrimp boat Joyce Carinhas.

He A strange man In Los Angeles, they should go to the rear of gation into a shortage in the Army Emergency Relief Fund of which he was custodian. The Public Information Office said the young officer was still on travel time when picked up at his home after receiving his discharge papers a few days earlier. Lt. Maurer is scheduled for a court martial if Judge Johnson investigator. Strickland directed the investigation of the Tallahassee car pool cases which resulted in conviction of the Negro Inter Civic Council and 21 of its members recently on a charge of operating an illegal transportation system during the Tallahassee bus boycott by Negro riders.

buses," the Negro woman said, known as "The Voice of Two Worlds," is offering, free of charge to the public, an outstanding 64-page booklet analyzing The only other plantiff avail He added, "the new Senate, which has a Democratic plurality of two votes, will still probably continue to vote on the same basis of what is in the best interest of the country and support a bi-partisian foreign policy." and that methods for using them are now simplified so that thay can be used by almost any person with ordinary intelligence. The 64-page booklet he is now offering free to the public gives guidance for those who wish to prepare themselves forthe momentous days ahead. Itjgives details of what to expect, ad when. Its title is "Beware of These able, 16-year-old Claudett Colvin, had no comment. Robert Cleere, one of the bus drivers named in the federal court suit, said he would have nothing to say about famous world prophecies covering these times.

It shows that iour of the greatest prophecies could not come true until the reported the Carinhas was standing helplessly by a short distance from the Pescadora. Both boats are from Brownsville and are owned by John Santos Carinhas. Earlier today the U. S. consul at Tampico said the Mexican government sought to radio the C28 to keep it and its captive, the Pescadora, away from Tampico.

Consul George Whittinghill was quoted by the Carinhas as saying the Navy Ministry wished to advise tht C28 to allow the U. S. determines the Army still has io we government tor more armed Coast Guard boats in the shrimping' grounds to protect what they say are their interests. They also threatened to carry arms, but were discouraged bv the Coast Guard. Here is the story as told by Charles Wilson by radio during the night and today as reported by Carinhas: The Pescadora was anchored about 11 miles off the Mexican coast and 120 miles south of Brownsville about sundown, when it noted the C28 coming up.

The gunboat stopped one trawler and the' Pescadora attempted to move farther away from the Mexican shore. "The gunboat finally caught up with us," Charles said. "She fired three shots. One bullet hit the cabin door and then struck Capt. Tom Wilson in the back and another bullet apparently hit him lower down, apparently around the 'tidneys.

We stopped and they came aboard." jurisdiction. Maurer's attorney conte ti that the Oil City man received the decision. Cleere is now in a PSC (Continued From Page 1) federal civil service job at Max orders on Oct. 11 terminating his well Air Force Base. Army career on Oct.

25. He said present time. But now they can, and the years that change the world are at hand. Great dangers but still greater opportunities, confront forward looking people in 1956. The other driver, James F.

Oil City police arrested Maurer Commenting on his plans until the Congress reconvenes, Hill said "most of my time will be taken up by a study now under way for our 'ser-or "In the last 13 man's life expectancy has increased by five and a half years. Now we're studying all phases of possible aid to Blake, was unavailable. The book formerly sold for a dollar, but as long as the present supply lasts, it is offered free to readers of this notice. This liberal and he was returned to Rucker on Oct. 27 after he was actually a Reporters of The Advertiser throughout the city noted that all "The Voice of Two Worlds," civilian again.

a well known explorer and geog Negroes seen riding buses re mained seated in the rear. Bus Ruling Clinton, Tenn. If you think for one minute that Gov. Folsom would not try to outdo Gov. Clement in this regard, you are sadly mistaken.

On the other hand, attempted enforcement of this decision will inevitably lead to riot and bloodshed. Your Citizens' Council has always insisted that these rapher, tells of a remarkah'e offer is made because he expects that many readers willJater become interested in the entire system of mind power he learned in the Far East and which Is now him such as health benefits, income, employment and fields where he cai lead a beneficial and useeful life." (Continued From Page 1) Hospital Reports Pick In Serious Condition mount importance. National City operates the local buses. ready to be disclosed to. the ern world.

i Hungarian Aid Urged LONDON, Nov. .13 The matters be handled peacefully and legally and I feel sure that this constitutional provision of the Council will remain in force and effect and will be controlling of Church of England Assembly to Fall From Moving Car Kills Graceville Woman SLOCOMB, Nov. 13 W-Mrs. Mary Cochran of Rt. 4.

system that often leads to almost unbelievable improvement in power of mind, achievement of brilliant business and professional success and new happiness. Others tell of increased bodily strength, magnetic personality, courage and poise. These strange methods were found in far-off and mysterious Tibet, often called the land of miracles by the few travelers permitted to visit it. He discloses how he learned rare wisdom and long hidden practices, closely day expressed "profound shock" at the Soviet attack on Hunearv 23 Ships Leave In Defense Move SAN DIEGO, Nov. 13 in-Two aircraft carriers, a cruiser and 20 destroyers left Pacific Coast ports today for emergency deployment, 1st Fleet headquarters Vessels leaving included the carriers Yorktown, the cruiser Helena and destroyer divisions 92, 31, 32, 11 and 152.

Destinations of the ships were not disclosed. The 1st Fleet public information office said: "These deployments are being made to Increase our defensive strength in the Pacific." its membership." For your free copy astonishing prophecies "covering these, momentous timesU as revealed in this 64-page boofc, address the Institute of Mental-physics, 213 South Dept. A-681, Los Calif. Graceville, opened the door State Sen. Sam Engelhardt Jr.

and urged clergymen throughout the country to give all they can to Hungarian relief funds. of a moving automobile by mis- of Macon, executive secretary of the Alabama Assn. of Citizens Officials of the company in Chicago declined comment due to the absence of the firm's president. Locally, no bus line official would comment on what steps might be taken in view of the decision. Also declining comment were members of the City Commission as well as Gov.

James E. Folsom. Mayor W. A. Gayle, speaking for the commission, said he had not seen a copy of the decision but would make an "appropriate statement" after he has studied the court's ruling.

The court's decision yesterday WASHINGTON, Nov. 13 iff) Reed Army Hospital announced today that Lt. Gen. Lewis A. Pick (ret.) former Chief of Army Engineers, is suffering from a "serious" abdominal condition." The hospital gave no delaih.

He was admitted Nov. 9 a'ter exploratory surgery a' the U. S. Army Hospital, Ft. Benning, Ga.

Pick, 67, is state industrial development direaor for Alabama. In World War II, he was in charge of construction of the Ledo Road in the China-Burma-Indin theater. He headed the Army Engi-neess from 1349 to 1953. Send no money. Just yourTname Councils: 3 Times Faster For and address on a posttsfrd or "This decision is just another Gas on Stomach example of the invasion of local taKe while trying to open a window, fell out and was killed.

Asst. Police Chief Mac White said today. White said the 76-year-old woman was riding with W. A. Lewis of Rt.

4, Graceville about four miles south of Slocomb yesterday when the accident occurred. in an envelope will do. Nojobliga-tion. Readers are urged to write promptly, as only a limited -num self government by the federal government. I don't believe the guarded for three thousand years by the sages, which enabled many Certified laboratory tests prove Bell-ans tablets neutralize 3 times a mnh white people of Montgomery are ber cf the free books hayelbeen stomach acidity in one minute as many to perform amazing feats.

He maintains- that these immense printed. uiKcsiive laDiets. nnan today for the fastest known relief. 25. powers are latent in all of us, going to accept any such mandate from the Supreme Court.

As far as I am concerned they can move the Montgomery City Lines, YJadv.) lock, stock and barrel, to Washington, D.C. It appears that the Supreme Court is determined to build a federal oligarachy that will undermine the very foundation of these United States, and spread ill will and discord throughout the nation. The Su placed into immediate effect an injunction ordering the City Commission of Montgomery to cease enforcing its segregation laws. J-JUDGE PANEL This injunction was issued by the three-judge panel, but then held in abeyance pending the outcome of the city's appeal. It was on this appeal that the Supreme Court ruled yesterday.

There had been some question and hope among white leaders that the injunction might still be Veteran To Mark 114th Year Today FRANKLIN, Nov. 13 tR-Walter W. Williams, oldest soldier to survive the Civil War. will quietly observe his 114th birthday anniversary tomorrow at his farm home near here. Williams, who served as a forage master with Hood's Texas brigade, is one of three surviving -veterans of the Civil War, all Confederates.

The other two are John Sailing, 110, Slant, and William A. Lundy, 109, Laurel Hill, Fla. Summerfield Reported 'Resting Comfortably' ANN ARBOR, Nov. 13 C31 Postmaster General Arthur E. Summerfield is "resting comfort preme Court apparently will not be satisfied until government by the people, of the people and for the best interests of the majority of all the people is replaced by a many-headed bureaucratic mon ster in Washington." in abeyance, but this was ruled out by U.S.

Circuit Judge Richard Rives, one of the panel members. The Rev. Martin Lather King He said the injunction would go Montgomery Negro pastor and leader of the long boycott: into effect as soon as the court order reaches U.S. District Court i 'The Supreme Court decision places a basic responsibility be In Montgomery. Rives said it customarily takes two to three weeks fore the Aegro and white com ably" after an operation Monday irf I YSW I i I 'f i -J 4 m-v-ym 7 1 w'aai Ns.

t.ifc I jf WW- munity of Montgomery. All per Your money deposited in a UNION BANK Savings Account will now earn 2y2 interest compounded semi-annually. At UNION BANK your funds are safeguarded by the high reserves and sound management of this 55-ycar-old bank insured up to $10,000 by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation and may be withdrawn in full without delay when" needed. Remember, a part of all you earn is yours to keep. Save regularly I lor a throat ailment, University for an order to reach the local office.

reported today. Judge Rives also pointed out Summerfield underwent surgery that the Supreme Court's decision 10 remove a small sac which sons must recognize the difficulty of adjustment and seek through the principles of love and understanding, good will to wort in harmony with the new system. All persons of good will will ac-ept the Sumpreme Court ruling yesterday applied not only to Mont formed in the esophagus. gomery, but that it sets a preced ent for all similar cases of the future. EAT ANYTHING WITH ana see to comply with it.

Mayor W. A. Gayle: "I will FALSE TEETH nave no comment to make until I have seen a copy of the court mL- T- fill Iff He noted that the City Commission and the Alabama Public Service Commission have the right to petition for a rehearing within 15 days, but he said the possibility of further delay in the effective date of the order was slight. spplicxboa mskes) ruling. We have wired for a cony.

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