The Montgomery Advertiser from Montgomery, Alabama • 1

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Wanr Ads Can Help You, Too! Tfie Fast Magic Number DIAL 4-4567 The Weather Montgomery: Clear and cool today with increasing cloudiness tomorrow. Predicted high today, 73, low, 47. High yesterday 69, low, 38. (Details, see Weather Map, Page 7C.) 128th Year-No. 273 Full Day, Night and Sunday Sai-vic By The Associated Press Montgomery, Wednesday Morning, November 14, 1956 38 Pages Price 5 Cents uprepie Court Outlaw atioii Bu i 0 JL Ju JL.

JL. JL -A- -4r 7T yr yr yc oyeotters Instructed To End Car Pool White Spokesmen Warn Of Possible Violence By BOB INGRAM Laws requir-insr racial segregation on buses in Injunction i I 't 1 -t i' -f i Montgomery and throughout Alabama were declared unconstitutional yesterday in another historic decision by the U.S. Supreme Court. And while the decision dealt specifically with Ala To Negro Transit Line By AL McCONAGIIA Negro bus boycotters were ordered to halt their car pool operations here yesterday on the same day a Supreme Court decision may have made continuance of their transportation system unecessary. Federal Court Asked To Bar Car Pool Ban i i i 1 v.

1 1 I je! I i -s. i' 1 I bama statutes and ordinances of I the City of Montgomery, in effect it also outlawed similar segregation laws throughout the South since this ruling sets the precedent for all similar cases in the future. The ruling yesterday brought an immediate prediction from a Negro leader here that a decision to end the 11-month bus boycott would "unquestionably" be made at a mass meeting tonight. Calling the decision a "glorious daybreak to end a long night of enforced segregation," the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr.

declared emphatically that his race would use "every legal means" to see that the court's decision was complied with in Montgomery. OMINOUS RUMBLINGS But from white leaders of the city and state came warnings of possible violence and bloodshed if any attempt is made to carry out the decision. C. C. (Jack) Owen, president of the Alabama Public Service Com mission, declared that segrega tion must be maintained "To keep down violence and bloodshed." And Luther Ingalls, local leader of the pro-segregation Montgomery Citizens' Council chapter, pre dicted flatly that any attempt to GREAT-GRANDMA TAKES A HUBBY Mrs.

William Koch, 97-year-old great-grandmother With two children living, three grandchildren-and seven great-grandchildren, feeds wedding cake to 77-year-old husband after wedding in Albany, N.Y., yesterday. The bridegroom came from Two Rivers, 20 years ago and met Grandma when he rented an apartment in the rooming house she runs in Albany. AP Wirepboto. U.N. Observers Take Up Posts In Canal Zone LONDON, Nov.

13 tffl-A team of; 12 U. N. truce observers with white jeeps took up posts in the 600-yard wide no-man's-land in the Suez Canal zone today. They will keep tabs on the cease-fire between British-French and Egyptian forces pending arrival of the new U. N.

police force. Advance units of the police army still marked time at their assembly point at Capodichino in Italy. Postponement of their departure was officially ascribed to technical difficulties, but there remained the possibility that snags had developed over limits Egypt has placed on their operations. Reports from airline officials In Cairo said there was a possibility the U. N.

troops would be flown directly into the Suez Canal zone instead of to Cairo as had been planned. ALL OF CANAL A French Foreign Ministry spokesman served notice that France expected the police force to occupy "at last symbolically" the entire canal zone, not just the northern end held by the British and French. He said France was "confident" U. N. Secretary General Dag Hammarskjold would insist on enforcing all U.

N. General Assembly decisions, and that these in-iluded the reopening of the blocked canal and liberty of passage for ships of all nations. By the account of th Middle East News Agency, Egypt's national news distributor, President Nasser insists that the international army have no duties in the Suez- Canal zone, that British-. i French forces withdraw from Port Said immediately, and that the U. N.

foice be confined to policing the 1949 armistice line between Egypt and Israel. OBJECTIVES CLASH These conditions ran head-on into the stated objectives of the British, French and Israelis. The British press called ths Egyptian conditions "impossible." Some papers said President Nasser was trying to dictate terms as though he had won a war. Canada's Maj. Gen.

E. L. M. Burns, commander of the new force, said at Rome there were many "outstandingly important problems" relating to his new task to be sorted out. He thought some would require "long high-level diplomatic negotiations." ACTIVE RESISTANCE PSC Official Vows State Must Keep Bus Segregation eniorce this decision will inevit- The resolution ordered city at-ably lead to riot and bloodshed." torneys to go into court to halt Calls Halt n.ugeiie aii-ei gj.ani.cv a.

car pool activities alter more man seven hours of exhausting legal debate between Negro and city attorneys. Carter said later that he had advised a Negro attorney in answer to a telephoned question that the ban would take effect at midnight last night. George Jones the court's register in chancery, said restraining orders would go out of his office first thing this morning. He said sherif's deputies would serve them to MIA. 14 Negro churches and 27 individuals named in the city's petition.

Speaking for a battery of four Negro lawyers, Montgomery attorney Fred Gray said the decision would be appealed. Negroes who had jammed the court room filed silently out as Carter announced his decision. The Rev. Martin Luther King. Montgomery Improvement Assn.

president, told reporters his people would abide by the ruling. UNCERTAIN COURSE Citv officials were uncertain how their newly made gains in the state court wouia oe aieci-pH hv the SuDreme Court ruling declaring Montgomery bus segre gation laws unconstitutional. Saying the question of private enterprise was a "serious" one. Carter added that evidence presented by the city waranted the tpmnnrarv iniunction and ordered the Register in Chancery. George Jones to issue retraining orders to the respondents.

City attorneys, led by City Atty. Walter Knabe said the car pool was a private enterprise operating without the necessary legal consent of the city. City attorneys also said the operation was inadequately (See BOYCOTTERS, Page 2A) Klan Stages Parade Here About 40 carloads of robed and hooded Ku KIux Klan members toured Negro neighborhoods throughout the city last night blowing horns and shining flood lights into homes, police reported. No violence was reported. Police Capt.

H. E. Jackson said no steps were being taken since no complaints had been received. The Klan caravan reportedly started near a northside cotton mill, drove across town to the Normandale Shopping Center, doubled back through Negro neighborhoods to Madison avenue, circled Court Square and disbanded. Some of the cars headed back toward the mill, sources said.

Us 3U ix 7 i 1 GAYLE ENGELHART our great United States (it is a further invasion by the court and the federal government of the sovereignty of our state and local governments The final deci sion remains with the voters at the ballot box. For those of you who continue to vote for administrations committed to a policy of integration, I can only say that Circuit uourt Judge Bus Boycott May Be Ended At MIA Meet The Montgomery bus boycott which has paralyzed city buses here for 343 days is expected to corre to an end tonight. The Rev. Martin Luther King president of the Montgomery Improvement Assn said last ciht Uiat the MIA executive committee "is in the process of drawing up a recommendation" asking boycotting Negroes to return to riding buses tomorrow. The MIA has been the spearhead of the Negroes' 11-month-long boycott which began last Dec.

5 the trial date of a Negro weman charged with violating bus segregation laws. 2 SEPARATE MEETINGS King will read the executive committee's recommendation at two separate mass meetings tonight. The first will be at 7 p.m. in the Hutchinson Street Baptist Church and the second at 8 p.m In the Holt Street Baptist Church King said he was not sure how the recommendation would" be voted on but felt it would "probably by a voice vote." He saidj he "couldn't imagine why anybody" would vote against the recommendation. King said purposes t)f the mass meetings "are not only to read the recommendation but to educate the people to prepare the people accept tthe new situation with the proper spirit and proper attitude." RETURN TO BUSES Rufus Lewis, organizer of the Negro car pool which was en-Joined by court order yesterday, said, earlier that "the Supreme Courtruling certainly came at a convenient time." While he did not elaborate earlier, it was clear he referred to the expected Negro return to busses tomorrow.

King did not say if Negroes will attempt to take bus seats heretofore reserved for white persons There was no indication as to what bus drivers will do in -the event Negroes attempt to lake scats traditionally denied to them. No city bus line officials could be reached for comment last night. Montgomery City Lines District Supervisor J. H. Bagley was reported out of the city by his family.

Although City Police Commissioner Clyde C. Sellers denounced the Supreme Court's decision yesterday, he did not indicate if police measures would be activated to halt any attempt at bus inte gration. -1 "Am It if rr KZAl I- Court To Air Law Barring State Workers From Union BOYCOTT RESULT The court's decision yesterday stemmed directly from Montgomery's long boycott. The tribunal, in a unanimous decision, upheld a June 19 decision of a special three-member panel of federal judges which had ruled that Montgomery's bus segregation laws were unconstitutional. Amid all the confusion as to the effect of the decision, one fact appeared to stand clear the court's decision had ended with abrupt finality any legal efforts the city or "state might initiate in an attempt to preserve segregation on public conveyances.

There is no appeal from a U.S. Supreme Court decision. The court order was not only unanimous, it was also brief. After citing the 1954 school segregation case and also citing subsequent decisions which outlawed segregation in public parks, playgrounds and golf links, the court ruled briefly: MOTION GRANTED "The motion to affirm Is granted and the judgment is affirmed." This affirmation left no doubt that the Supreme Court was outlawing segregation on all bus systems. Earlier this year some question had arisen when the court simply dismissed an appeal from another decision overturning a South Carolina segregation law.

That left the decision in effect but led to confusion ended yesterday as to the Supreme Court's intent. Meanwhile, what action the National City Lines, will take locally became an issue of para- (See BUS RULING, Page 2A) ADVERTISER TODAY Face Pare Bus. Review SA Local Radio-TV 6A Capitol Rndp. 7A Markets 4B Class. Ads 7-9C Movies SB Comics 2C Obitnaries 7C Crosby SB Passing Thronf 3A Crossword 5A Society 1-3B Editorial 4A Snort 3-SC Hambone 9A Weather Map 7C Legal Notices 10C Columnists: McLemore, Lyons, David-Son, Tncker 4A Second round in the battle between city and Negro attorneys to halt bus boycotters motor pool operations will open here at 10 a.m.

today in U.S. District Court. Judge Frank M. Johnson Jr. will hold a hearing on Negroes' plea for a temporary injunction preventing the city from interfering in car pool activities.

The first round was won by the city in Circuit Court yesterday when Judge Eugene Carter granted the city's plea for a temporary injunction halting car pool activities. Negroes filed a petition in the Federal Court Nov. 1 asking for an emergency restraining order and a temporary injunction stopping the city from enforcing the erms of a resolution passed by the city commission last month. Negro transporation activities. Judge Johnson refused the plea for an emergency restraining order and set the hearing of the in junction petition for this morning.

Johason is one of the two members of a three-man federal court panel who ruled against city bus segregation laws. Hill Deplores Bus Decision By U.S. Court By NELSON COLE Sen Lister Hill said yesterday he "greatly deplored" the Supreme Court order declaring bus segregation laws illegal and repeated his earlier stand cf "using every lawful means to set aside the ruling." At his Montgomery office until Congress reconvenes in January, the senator called the decision a "continuation of the ruling which declared school segregation unconstitutional." He added "the Southern vote in Congress, in and of itself, not a majority which could fight" such decisions. "For this type of ac tion, however we are seeking support from other sections." During a in terview with! Hill, the State's senior senator i attributed Ei HILL senhower's recent landslide election victory to the President's "great personal popularity and the still serious Middle East situafion." "Secretary of State Dulles once told us we had been on the brink of war three times. I suppose the (See niLL, Page 2A) "the system they've had in the South about bus seating is one they should keep.

Most of your Negro population is in the South and I feel that it would be more orderly if you have separate Rufus Lewis, one of the key leaders of the -Negro car pool, said he "expected a favorable decision from the Supreme Court. I think everybody expected it. 1 don't feel there will be violence, not in Montgomery. The Negro population has not been unduly excited over the decision but there's (See BOMBSHELL, Page 2A) WALL SANDEIW '1 '-If i C. C.

OWEN you will eventually receive your just desserts and that the sins of their fathers will descend upon the heads of your children. To those of you who say that this decision cannot be enforced, I need merely to refer you to the recent use of bayonets and tanks against the unarmed citizens of (See PSC, Page 2A) passed the law forbidding state employes to join labor unions. The action was filed by the Government and Civic Employes Organizing Committee (CIO) and E. J. Habshey, a union member The CIO group since has been merged with its AFL counterpart, and now is known as the American Federation -of State, County and Municipal Employes.

The CIO organizing committee had charged that the act did not apply to employes of the Alcohol Beverage Control Board, numer ous other state employes were exempt. A three-judge district court in 1954 refused to grant an injunction against the State of Alabama, on grounds that the legislation does apply to employes of the ABC Board. It was this decision which ftie (See COURT. Page 2A) INGALLS Rebels Use General Strike To Battle Soviet Invaders Here is what key state and city officials had to say yesterday concerning the U.S. Supreme Court's decision outlawing segregation on public conveyances: C.

C. (Jack) Owen, president, Alabama Public Service Commission, which controls all public transportation in the state: "The people of Alabama are not going to abolish 'segregation. I'm going to do everything in my pow er to maintain peace and order in our state, To keep down violence and bloodshed, segregation must be maintained. I will urge all" public transportation companies to make every effort to keep harmony among passengers by as-signing seats in such a manner that the races will be kept separate," Luther Ingalls, Montgomery attorney and leader of the pro-segregation Montgomery County White Citizens' Council: "This decision is Just another example of legislating by the Supreme Court, which is supposed to be the judicial arm of WEAKENS At most Industrial plants workers guarded gates to prevent strikebreakers from entering. White collar workers who went to their jobs quit to join the long lines of persons waiting for food, then returned to desks late in the day to check out.

Sandor Caspar, Hungary's trade union president, appealed over Budapest radio for an end to the general strike. Gaspar said trade unions "identify themselves with the demands of the Hungarian people that our country become independent and sovereign and that Soviet troops be withdrawn." Gaspar said the workers "have sufficient grounds to be- suspicious (See HUNGARY, Page 2A) public conveyances despite the Supreme Court decision against segregation on Montgomery, buses. "Our attitude about this decision," Coleman said, "will be the same as about the school segregation cases." He added that the Supreme Court ruling was based on an Alabama statute and that Mississippi's newly enacted laws to strengthen segregation "are not involved." Georgia's Atty. Gen. Eugene Cook said the ruling does not directly affect any Georgia city but that it would set a precedent by which federal district courts would be bound.

Gov. Marvin Griffin said Georgia would oppose by all (See RECREATION, Page 2A) BUDAPEST, Nov. 13 This nation of 10 million turned to an almost complete general strike a a weapon against the Russians today. The only active resistance in Budapest against Soviet arms was reported on Csepel Island in tha Danube. There thousands of workers have turned two' factories into armed With their armed revolt almost crushed, workers turned to a weapon long barred in the Communist state the general strike.

The transport system was crippled. Industries were closed down. Thousands of citizens wandered aimlessly around Budapest streets. Many poked about in the ruins of homes for lost possessions. BUSINESS CONTINUES AS USUAL A.

Fails To Disrupt City Life WASHINGTON, Nov. 13 The U.S. Supreme Court today agreed to review a district court decision upholding validity of an Alabama law prohibiting state employes from joining labor unions It was the second time the high court had been asked to act on the case, challenging a 1953 legislative act. The original action was brought shortly after the Legislature Revenue Unit Names Jones As Chairman W. Tom Jones was elected chairman of the Montgomery County Board of Revenue yesterday at a brief meeting following swearing-in ceremonies.

Jones nomination was made by Chappell Gray at the request of L. R. "Daddy" Grimes outgoing chairman who is beginning his ninth term on the board. Grime." was sworn in from his hospital room where he is recuperating from an operation. The board, after receiving the oath of office from Circuit Judge Walter B.

Jones, elected the new Photos on Page 7C chairman and made routine appointments of other county officials. Reappointed were J. P. Shaffer, clerk; John P. attorney; Thomas Edwards, engineer; and Dr.

Fred Reynolds, county physician. The board extended a welcome to its only new member Theron Bradley and commended outgoing member Irby Jones for his outstanding service. "We would be derelict in our duty to let the withdrawal from public service of such a fine character occur without commenting about his outstanding record" a resolution by the board stated. From Montgomery to points around the nation. Trallways meane fast eon-tenlent service, phone 4-532S.

(adv.) QUICK REACTION VOICED Southern Leaders Will Aivail Separate Tests Of Bus Laivs I Bombshell By STEVE LESHER Montgomery continued business as usual yesterday despite a potential bombshell tossed on the Cradle of the Confederacy by the U.S. Supreme Court. The city bus line Montgomery City Lines Inc. operated on sched ule and the few Negroes who Tide the buses walked quietly to the rear and took their seats. But the inner surging of conflicting emotions could not be restrained.

Nearly all of more than two dozen white persons and Negroes interviewed by The Ad XL aU.law TOWNSEND POWELL vertiser yesterday afternoon were eager to have their say. Asked their reactions to th Supreme Court decision to outlaw segregation on buses in Montgomery, white men and women were unanimously opposed to integration. Curiously, however, they appeared almost resigned rather than resentful. These powerfully opposed to bus integration avoided reference to violence unless specifically asked if they believed there might be violence. T.

Sgt. Robert J. Wall, 36, of St. Paul, said he felt that KlLBERd WATTS By THE ASSOCIATED PRESS The U.S. Supreme Court's latest ruling on the explosive issue of race mixing banning segregation on state and city buses brought quick reaction Tuesday from state and municipal government spokesmen in the South.

Several indicated state laws against race mixing on transportation systems would have to be tested in separate court actions, and pending such tests, segregation would be continued on buses. Gov. J. P. Coleman of Mississippi said that state would continue to separate the races on If you like to travel but hta to drive Trailways li the answer! Tratl-vays fares jou money.

Phone 4-5328. (dr.) NEGRO LEADERS LEAVE HEARING Filing out of the county courthouse here yesterday during a recess in the city's bus boycott hearing, left to right, are Mrs. M. L. King, the Rev.

Ralph D. Abernathy and the Rev. Martin Luther King. The latter two are vice president and president respectively cf the Montgomery Improvement Association which has spearheaded the Negro bus boycott. Those in background are unidentified..