The Montgomery Advertiser from Montgomery, Alabama • 7

AuWttSW-JOURNAL Montgomery, Sunday, July 3, 1960 EDITORIAL, NEWS EXPERIMENTS UNDER WAY NEAR MARION- Perry ologists Seek Fish Sex Reversa Bi By SARAH RICE '1 By William J. Mehoney Jr. There fish biologists Hermit Sneed and. Dr. Harry Dupree are working with hormones, mostly in inducing spawning of fish when and where wanted, bringing it more under fish cul-turists' control.

Hormone preparations from fish pituitaries and those prepared from human beings are effective when injected in most species, and the female spawns within 12-20 hours. This has many advantages, said Sneed: Culture ponds can be stocked according to rigid schedules, with eggs and fry (young fish of uniform age and size. In species that can be hand-stripped, brood stock are not in the pond with the offspring, reducing chances of transmitting disease and eliminating the the chance of parents devouring the young. CHANNEL CATFISH were chosen for this work at the "ab because of their importance here as a sport and food fish in both private ponds and large reservoirs. Adaptable like cattle or hogs to hand feeding, cat- poultrymen to caponize male chickens.

One application of positive results would be the growing of larger fish for food, since in some species the male or female grows larger and faster than the opposite sex of that species, and would be more desirable from the fish cu'tu-ist's standpoint. THE L'MTED STATES is also interested in controlling reproduction in ponds. Bullhead catfish and other species reproduce so rapidly that overpopulation is a problem. Ponds stocked with fish of the same sex would be the answer where non-spawning and most rapid conversion of food to fish-flesh are desired. Sneed was with the University of Oklahoma Research Institu! before coming to Marion.

He himself is a big fish among icthyologists, with numerous papers published in his field. But when it comes to telling how he and Dr. Dupree, who recently received his Ph.D from Auburn, got into their speciality, he admits they were hooked, "We just went fishing," he said, "and liked it." As to the' value of the research, Sneed said: "The fruits of the labor will be a greater understanding of biology, more food and- game fishes for the world's growing population, perhaps some control over the behavior of natural populations, and the satisfaction that a contribution has been made to medicine through Bi 5 Advertiser Correspondent MARION North of Marion, a group of serious-minded scientists are replacin? Cupid and the stork for fish, that is. The scene is the Marion Fish Hatchery, where the Southeastern Fish Cul- 1 1 r- i 1 iVfiT rvj Iff Aninel fVi inns with channel cat and goldfish that Isnac Walton never dreamed of. 11.

OR 3 fish have yielded almost 2,000 pounds to the acre at a profit of $270 per acre in work at the Fisheries School in Auburn. 5 An abundance of water makes the Southeast particularly suit jfi PI ITlllt'lii Dupree Holds Fish Stocked 1 i 1 5 i -1 I a- 'ir" II I If ft i I jj 0 4 I Av 2 World Travels9 Found In State KGGS liOM EXAMINED Kermit Sneed Looks At Handful Of Catfish Egs lioUiUDAr UltvOKill INI 11. Mi Harry Dupree (foreground), Student AH Shah ALABAMA PROJECT AMONG NATION'S FIRST By EUGENIA HARPER Advertiser Correspondent OPP Would you like to travel to Madrid, Macedonia, Manila, New York, Boston, Detroit, Texas or Pennsylvania? it is possible to visit these and many other "famous" places without even leaving Alabama. Searching the Atlas it is possible to find other states so travel minded that Engineering Checks Costly Gully Like the "unsinkable" Titanic, our ship of state seems deter- mined to plow straight ahead; through a field of gathering ice to! disaster. The simile might be followed tediously, as much for contrasts as for parallels.

For we are on no maiden voyage. We were launched 104 years ago tomorrow. And the first cen-1 tury and a half of life, desoite navigational errors and our fair I share of mistakes, glowed with success and promise. Perhaps we are mellowing with age though we are still an in-'; fant nation compared to the lale'f Roman Emnirp and Hip Inttor. fluv Emnire nf flrpni Rritr.in Our fnnrl lnl'c hua flirt fact from all but ourselves) is more like stubborn senility, par- III mc iciv J.J VltllS.

Our Sinister Aims Whatever tlfe motives cf the big fellow, he is going to be misunderstood when he dabbles in the affairs of the little fellow. Wnh the Monroe Doctrine, whicn offered an arm of protection to the struggling peoples to the smith of us, they sought sinister motives. And it is axiomatic that what you seek you find. We went to the aid of the little independent republic of Texas. We went to the! relief of the little Island of We sent warships to keep Colom-' bia from suppressing the Panamanian revolt.

And when bioody rioting tore two tiny nations Haiti and Guatemala apart, ive sent marines in to reston peace. Those looking for sinister motives can point to the fact that! we annexed Texas and that we' dug a canal promptly through thej heart of the new-born Republic of; Ik 1- Panama. They conveniently forget that we immediately gave Cuba its frecdom, that we pulled the Marines out of Haiti and Guatemala as soon as trouble subsided, and that we gave the distant Phillipines their independence as quickly as we responsibly could. Wants And Fears We have been" so busy in the last 15 years trying to convince the world that we weren't impe-j rialistic that we've taken no stock of what was happening to us. We have so concentrated on showing we were "free" of wanting anything that we have come as a nation to realize we are no long- er "free of fear." We are confused by terms.

Four years ago, in his "Study of History," Arnold Toynbee asked of Lenin: "Did he come to fulfill or to destroy the work of Peter the Great?" He then proceeded to show that Lenin and his successors, borrowing a creed from "a Westernized German Jew, Karl Marx," who found what he wanted either in Christianity or in "Judaism, the 'fossilized' parent of Christianity," have set about "creating a new society which will be American in equipment but Russian in soul." 2 Peas In A Pod? Their resultant accomplishment, he says, "puts Peter ihe Great's work into the shade." In other word3, Toynbee observes that "Capitalism and Communism are becoming different names fori very much the same thing." i It is a startling thought, andi 'M Thicsia Viae shown nrprisplv! the imperialistic greed for territorial growth that it has charged so blatantly to the United States. And, as a nation fire of conscience, it has resorted to every low trick in the book playing class against class, color against color, creed against creed over here, while it was itself prov-ably guilty of every charge it made against us. We have been so busy apologizing for being suspect, retreating from forward positions for fear of being misunderstood, withdrawing from friends whom our foes charged with graft or tyranny, and tripping over our own heels a- we backed away, there's been no time for a counter-offensive. At Our Wit's End Time is now running out. I don't say that.

But Dr. Charlci Malik of Lebanon, a Christian, Arab, former president of the United Nations General onetime philosophy professor at; Harvard, currently a visiting pro- fessor at Dartmouth, does say it. In the current issue of United States News and World Report he finds Communism advancing steadily, gathering momentum unhindered, unhampered by a West gone soft, apathetic, apologetic. Let's call a hall to this retreat Let's use a little more sharp steel, a little less smart wit; a little more of the proud spirit of a "Teddy" Roosevelt, a little less of the compromising spirit of a Franklin Roosevelt. We are a cad italistic nation.

There is no rea son why we should be ashamed of that fact or why we should hesitate to protect our natinnuls or our national's property on foreign soil. Castro has become a Communist cancer. It is time to operate. 1 I By S. X.

STEPHENSON Of The Advertiser Staff ENTERPRISE Grotesque wounds in the face' of the eartli in Coffee and Dale counties are being healed by the magic of modern engineering. In the place of scars from lands laid useless by cavernous gullies are wa 5 gram is designed to stabilize the gully heads, some of which are 40 feet deep. Structures and controls are being built Into the active gullies to bring the water from the head to drop inlets. This is a gradual letdown to check water flow. Brackin's Mill Creek has disappeared from silt and soil washed into the stream from untamed gullies, that began their rampage when rivers and creeks in the Wiregrass left their banks in the great floods of 1929.

LANDOWNERS have long recognized the terrifying spectre of desolation if gully control were ignored; hence tho almost universal acceptance of the joint federal and state program that has resulted in a "save the soil and the soil will save you'" effort. County organizations and landowners share in the cost of installing works of improvement for irrigation, drainage and agricultural water management and cost is determined on the basis of direct identifiable benefits. Structural works of improvement applicable to flood prevention are paid by the federal government. Work plan for projects begins with application from the local organization and succeeding steps include field studies, reviews by authorities and finally the allocation of funds by the Soil Conservation Service after appro able for ponds. More and more people are going into fish-raising as a business.

In Arkansas, cuts in rice allotments have left paddies available for fish production. The laboratory here is the first federal warm-water research station. It concentrates on basic research on channel cat, bass and bHicgills. The station stocks waterti all over the state for sport fishing, and catfish have been air-shipped in plastic bags as far as Hawaii. Hormones are also being used at the laboratory in experiments on that guinea pig of the fisheries, the goldfish.

Eggs are being incubated in water containing either estrogen or androgen. If results follow the pattern of Japanese experiments published a year cr so ago, the sex of the goldfish will be permanently reversed. So far no reports of similar American studies have been made. This type of experiment is similar to techniques used by shed, consisting of 3,400 acres in the two counties. A portion of the battle has been won.

DESTRUCTION of valuable cropland began with the floods in southeast Alabama more than 30 years ago and gullies wreak their havoc with each rain. The erosion has grown like a cancer, unrelentingly. Technically, the control pro- J1 CHECK EROSION Mill Creek Project I ft if Lii fc-J nnn ttd For Spawning Purposes manner of people the early settlers of Alabama were? The hope in the eternal of the pioneers in Alabama is re fleeted In such names as Eden. Enterprise, Harmony, Good Hope, Prospect, Excel, Majestic and Mount Hope. THERE WERE Bible readers among the early settlers as evidenced by many names from the Good Book.

Among these are Ararat, Bethany, Bethel, Boaz, Goshen, Jericho, Joppa, Lebanon, Mount Hebron, Salem, Dothan, Samson, Sardis, Ramcr, Shiloh, Palestine and Alexandria. According to legend, Troy was first called Zebulon, but the early settlers found cap-" ital hard to make and called a meeting to change the name. A man from New York had put the name "Troy" in the hat and this was the name drawn out. Louisville was first named "Lewisville" for the first white man who built a house there. Later the spelling was changed to Louisville, but the old pro- nunciation was retained.

Surely there were some scholars among these early settlers for among these names are Daphne, Fabius, Nikomis, Nottingham. Oricn. Pocahontas, Uriah, Clio and Waverly. SOME OF Alabama's odd names tell stories. Burnt Cora tells of tragedy.

Opp has been interpreted as short for opportunity, but is really the name of the man who was a lawyer for the railroad through there. What stories would Canoe, Effort, Pulltight, Reform, Society Hill, Shotwcll and Locatiou tell? One Alabama town was first known as Gomorrah. It has changed Its name and at long last has risen phoenix-' like from the ashes of nil reputation. Yes, you may have guessed It. Some flower lovers seemed to have had their say when Alabama places were named.

This is evident in such names as Magnolia, Pansey, Sun Flower, and Verbena. Their love of flowers seems to have been greater than their ability to spell. A great many Alabama names are pure description such as River Falls, Muscadine, Natural Bridge, Oaky Streak, Paint Rock, Persimmon Grove, Union Springs, Shady Incline, Hurricane, Cotton Valley, Irondale and Millbrook. A preponderance of the place names are really a record of the first families who settled them. This is true of Prattville, Hurtsboro, and Plttsvlew.

A great many of the stalwarts who wrested Alabama from the wilderness must have been sweet on the girls for we have such names as Beatrice, Eleanor, Catherine. Gcraldine, Lizzicville, Sara and Wilda, Many of Alabama's towns, like her capital, Montgomery, are named for heroes. One finds LaFayette. Jacksonville, Gorgas, and llobson. Erosion priations are made by Congress.

The Brackin's Mill project was launched with an appropriation of $87,000 and this sum will provide for the first phase of the elaborate harnessing of unchecked gully waters. That benefits will exceed costs on the Brackin's Mill project is certain, report veteran soil enthusiasts in this area. THE BRACKIN'S Mill Creek project is sponsored jointly by the Wiregrass Soil Conservation District and the Dale County Commissioner's Court. Project engineer is Hush Carroll, who was "imported" from his post in Gneva County to man this far-reaching land saving project. Much of the excavation has been completed on major gullies and construction work will include tons of concrete and steel, concrete pipe and reinforced concrete pipe, thousands of feet of fencing and 2G acres of grass seeding and 176 square yards of grass sodding, according to Engineer Carroll.

This first watershed of its type in Alabama has as its primary purpose the protection from land destruction rather than flood control. At least one-tenth of an acre has been "devoured" annually by the enlarging gullies. The Southeast Alabamians are wisely saving their soil. People who are interested in conserving the land are coming from miles away to study this unique undertaking. ton, president of the Alabama Baptist State Convention will be the inspirational speaker.

Howard College Prof. Dr. Vernon G. Davison will lead daily Bible study sessions each morning and evening. Age group conferences will be held twice daily for Sunday School workers and general officers.

Special provisions will be made for primary, beginner, and nursery i 1-dren. Mcntgomcrians taking part in the conference are Harold L. Anderson, George Holmes, and Miss Lillie Falkenberry. All three are associate staff members. Stale P-TA Congress To Meet July 11-12 AUBURN The Alabama Con-gress of Parents and Teachers will hold its fourth Parent-Teachers Leadership Conference here July 11 12.

High lights of the conference will be a symposium on the topic, "Our Object! Foundation for Building Better Communities for Children and Youth," and parent teacher procedure classes. tersheds that will check erosion, and reactivate the able soil. Soil conservation workers report i the land protection project on 64 gullies in Dale and Coffee counties is among the first of its kind in the nation. The vast battle against the Sullies is officially listed as the Brackin's Mill Creek Water ft- they have also named places for foreign cities and. countries.

One can mail a postcard from Cuba, Buffalo, Havana, Liver- pool, Geneva or Birmingham and still be in Alabama. One begins wondering if place names either tell a story, or reveal the psychology and philosophy of the people who founded and named tliem. If this is true, those who came to the rocky shores of New England were certainly a homesick bunch for they brought to the New World the names of O'd England such as Portsmouth, Dover, London, Thames. Surry, Yarmouth, Avon, Bedford, Cam-uridge. and Falmouth.

EVEN WHEN they moved from one location to another, they carried the old name with them, placing a distinguishing prefix such as New, East, North, South, Middle or Center with them. Sometimes the distinguishing word is a suffix like Port, Sta- tion or Mding. wot betide the traveler who gets his prefixes or suffixes mixed. Even worse is the Atlanta Confusion of Peachtree, West Peach tree, East Peachtree, Peachtree and Peachtree Boulevard. A visitor to New Hampshire who got his Effingham mixed would be in trouble; lor there is Effingham, Center Effingham, Effingham Falls and South Effingham.

One discovers, too, that these New Englanders brought the old names along when they migrated to other states. Do not think this is typical of. New England only. Where-ever people go the old names go with them. If one turns to the map of Alabama, it is possible to find that some place names indicate the nationality of the early settlers.

THE SCOTCH predominance is shown by "Mac" being used 24 times as a prefix and there are such names as Inverness, Scottsboro, Scotts, and Scotts-ville. Spanish Influence Is seen in such names as Andalusia, Bcuna Vista and Pcrdido. The use of Bon and Belle In place names indicates French influence. Dauphin Island, De Armanville, LaPine, La Place are Indicative of some French element. In spite of Its Greek name, De-mopolis was founded by French lionapartlsts In 1818.

Not only the white man but the Indians had a knack for carrying names with them as they moved from place to place. Upon examination of the map of Oklahoma, one will find places by the names of Alabama, Broken Arrow, Coweta, Eufaula, Tuskcgee and Wctump-ka. Ir human nature the same the world over? The homesick Ited Man comforted himself with the old familiar names as did tho early colonist. Could it be that such poetic names as Fernbank, Nightingale, Orion, Silver Run and Sunlight five a rlue to what Wi'i'Tmiiiiri'ifi mi iif i -'It rmrr-r- iffi am AMfllln rri inw innuit i "im few i ju. Sunday School Assembly Of Baptists Opens Monday STRUCTURAL TREATMENT BEGINS ON ONE OF COFFEE GULLIES Reinforced Concrete Pipe Disposes Of Water From Gully Head To Bottom The Alabama Baptist State Sunday School Assembly will be held near Talladega.

"Outreach for the Unreached" will be the theme for the assembly which will be directed by Alabama Baptist secretary. Harold C. Marsh. Dr. B.

Locke Davis of Annis- Zoologist Sets Auburn Lecture AUBURN The first foreign born lecturer for the National Science Foundation summer institute at Auburn University will be O. Koehler, professor of zoology at the University of Freiburg, Germany. He will visit Aubaurn July II- tures. The first, on July 11, is titled "Teaching Birds to Count." Koehler was born at Inter-burg, East Prussia. He studied botany and physics at the universities of Freiburg and Munich, studied at the Zoological Station, Naples.

Ho has served as professor at several German universities, and has been professor at Freiburg since 194B. Emeritcd In 1938, he will remain active until October, 1900. "fiy i V-1 GULLY BANK SHAPED AND SEEDED TO One Of Special Gullies Treatd In Brackin's.