Morning Oregonian from Portland, Oregon • Page 4

TUttPAY. DECEMBER 11. i i Jiff 5 SRSE COliXtBECE BILL. The near plroepect ot purage by CODKCMS 01 an Interstate oommeree bill is good news. Tkere to as absolato naoeeslly lor die passage of until 1 a beowwttie sfforta wliteh have boon made to regulate railroad traflLc by state law bare been disenOlted by the- resent decision of United States oonrt decIariDH unconstlm- Omait-Qte anU-dlaortmlDatlon law of Illinois, on UM ground that.

It im Interferencewltb com- All.tbatcaQ bedono acconpllshed by the railroad co'ntfflisaldna upon whom has been coafcined the simple piwerof recom- changes to railroad IT anagers, which In ordlriarr casen ha6 bad the tpileifsctot a legal mandate, since ttfl railroad mansgers knowlaat ihB people are behind Uie comttfeglon and will IhroDBbOw leglslatore quickly supply any ad- tbat may be necessary to se- onre.obediehce. InlSSSoDfl of the Massachu- seltortllroail companies neglected to reduce cer- ratee In compliance with the lecommenda- tion ol the commission, wbereajon the legtela- tare anthorteed the board to fix the rates on that road. Ina BO and tha! railroad coffl- complied so far as concerned strictly local business, bnt dented tbe authority of tbe state to regulate tbat which from beyond its borders; and tbe decielon of the Uuite i Slates mpreme court above referred to sustains tlwrailroad on th'd poslUon, and makes clear tbe crying necessity lor a federal: statute on tola en Meet The board of oommisaionars provided for in th4 inters ate commercel bill la justified of Massachusetts, whose law CO iota subject has just been enacted by Ver- BOnt, provision made for the supreme ce art to enforce Uie recommendations of the bwrdln regard to repairs of property or rolling stooit cbanges in aad station housep, In nteaof fare or freight transporaUon. Sucb a board of commlsstonsrebecomea expert Iu its kEOWledgeof railroad operations and can act promptly whenever complaint is made. It is al- wajB an Informal open court'of arbitration.

This was tte leading feature of tbe senate, or Cullorfbill. Of the necessity of a federal law to supplement the efforts oristate legislation there is increasing evidence ojvery year. Tjbe interests of Dhtppep and ot investors In railroads alike need protection. It Is now In tbe power of a single company or stogie freight agent to precipitate a Utat means the waste of minions of revenue. Tbe difference in freight rites which one merchant or manufacturer may; gain over bis competitor te often enough to settle the Question of the mccees of one or the failure of the other, aid men on enormous power IB to be outrageously exercised if left without eome respon- rifle; Impartial regulation whltth con place decent limits to Its application.

state com- mlSfrtonB are worth something of coarse for the settlement of local labor troubles, the observance of refutations for the safety of travelers aid employes and the facilities to be afforded for local business; but for the protection or the pnbllo agalBBt tbe consequences of rate wars aid Interstate combinations of railroad, coal, aid oil monopolies there is a crying need of federal regulation; To Illustrate the power of railway and coal combinations to oppress tbe people we need only refer to the great conspiracy, announced by New York Ho-aW, to advance the price of sottcbttlfrcun 23 to SO percent, wbtoh means an-advance of Bbcty. cents per ton In the price of soft Coal throughout tbe United States. Tho OMO pdol has Joel been formed. It consists of the Hocking Vallejy railroad, the Wheeling Lake Erie railroad, the Toledo Ohio Centra! railroad and the Pan Handle division of the PennsjlvarJa system. The other pool consuls of tie Rochester Plttsburg railroad, the Baffa-0, New York anU PhiladelpHia railroad and the Ene These rnilrond companies, cootrolltog the tranaportaUon from the principal soft coal fields, of Ohio and Pennsylvania hiiva arWtrarfl? fixed the amount of coal they will carry and the coal operators bave appor- tloDedjtmong themtelvea their relative percent- agw of the total allotment allowed by the railroad companies, and will not be allowed to exceed their respectlvf shares, nndor heavy penal- That Is, the railroads give the hand to the coal companies in a joint conspiracy to raise artificially the price of one of the prime necessities of life, and divide the profits tliry secure by oppressing the consumer.

This combination IB Illegal violation ot the charters of several of the railroads Involved; "in (act, all of the corporations doing business In forbidden by the constitution of that slate to engage in a combination of this character, and are liable to forfeiture of their charters for so doing-, tat Pennsyjlvanin is notorious for always neglecting to eofore such constitutional requirements by appropriate legislation, and what Is needed Is the interference of a federal law, like that contained in the interstate commerce bill. Frank Bond, writing on the subject ot railway legislation In Uie North American, Bevtew, holds that so far as railways come under the regulations of in-er-state traffic, the general government should put itself in tha place ol the aggrieved public, In the expensive legal proceedings often necwrary as against tho Mr. Bond would have a law passed providing "that complaints slgainet carrying companies maj be lodged with a United States district attorney, whose duty It shall be to investigate tbenirand when, in bis opinion, tlhere Is reasonable ground for complaint that; lojustice has been done and the law violated, if tha company shall on his request oc demand, to make prc per reparation, it should be bis duty to bring a salt in thfl United States district or circnt court having jurisdiction in name; of the VnUe-1 States against the offending company, for violation of law, and damages to the party ur parties Injured; all sqch salts to hava precsdeaco on tbe calendar. Prompt action can so be obtained, and tbe party injured pnfl to no ollwr than that iucic'ent to his becoming a wi'- nessfor Ibo proeeiaion, lu suits such. thnraeter, Involvlni private rights, nointelii- manager of a railway wi 1 everetan.i a trial that can be avujded by reaslonable coucaa- eioEB without great c.midence in the justice ot falsidefenae." i njGEi, IX ASH AMERICA.

Ihe wegcs of bricklayers and masons in 1.nn- dor. are $1, 50 a day, in JO, In Barlin $1 25, and In New York $4 per day. lo all four places, for a period varying from two to four months of each year, very little, if any, wages are earned, in consequence of the interference, at the weather wf.h building operations. While lu London there are estimated to be bricklayers, bricklayers and masons in Paris, and 10,000 bricklayers in tie estimated number to New York ia not miich over -KVX). There Is, says the Boston proportion to (he number of Inhabitants, much larger amount ol work performed in Nate! Ynrk than in either the three named Europiiau capitals: and, While it is said that In LonBon, Paris and Berlin quite a proportion of these mr.chaaici are out ot work, In consequence stagnation in the building trade.

It is probable tiat thn Now IToik bricklayer who earns $4 per day performs, la the coarse of the day's work, vary coniUer- ablf mdreMrvlce than wnnld bo from one Htmtiqr-ynHiffagqd on the othtr aide of tbe Atlantis. This would not only account in part for the immense difference in wages, but it would also account for the fact that 4000 men mem to be able to do in New York what it takes 80CO men to do In Berlin, a city of size, and pjn to do In Farts, 3 city certainly not larger than the metropolis of Wde-lwanl Lyc-n toat th hfgbOT wages of oper- bajre of tJc3 cotton ind woolen mlllaof America loan thoee of Eogland have been daft andAteofot, tiins bis wages at a nlgher ralaHvely than the operntites in protected induBtr.eu, and BO dots (be non-protected carpenter, pluihber, plas- slater, blackamltb, etc. In Gmnnany, a country itUh a hlgn proteotlre tariff, wages are lower tban in free trade England. According to Consnl Warner, of Cologne, In Upier Silesia aworKman in one of the protected Industries eunB 47 oentsa day, and if a skilled laborer he goto 80 cents a day. Women earn'rom 24 to SO cents a day, and the laborer works from 6 to 6 In summer and from 7 to 7 in winter.

The laborer In that protection country Is sparingly eopplled Wllh clothing and linen, and a white shirt Is to he seen only on rare occasions. For sacb articles of luxury he has no monef to srjare, add he ia frequently compelled to bargain for old and cant-oft clothes. His meals consist principally of vegetables, the dinner using of potatoes, peas, heanfl, common porkand black bread. FOOD fOR POWDElt. It was plated recently by JjTnrjwjs Weekly that tbe whole number of soldiers engaged in the federal army during the civil war was 2,778,804, and the number of tbose killed in action was only it, about one In forty of who served.

There were about 45,000 died cf wounds received In action; bat the statistics show lhat quite two and a hale times 1 as many soldiers died from disease daring the war ae there were soldiers who were killed outright or who died (rom wounds received In battle. Tie official njrares are that one man out of forty-two actively engaged was killed in action; died of wouads, one oat of thirty- eight; died of dispose, one man out of every thirteen the total force furnished; one man out of every seven captured died a prisoner. The total deaths from alt causes were about 860,000, and adding the deaths in the navy the total deaths cannot fall much short ol 400.000. To These must be mlfled-tbsitonfederats losses, which probably did not fall much short of our own, for any of tafcCBnfWsrate victories were purchased by severe losses, and their hospital help In shape ofrtj-jJAns medltines was not equal to our own. The statement ial thtf total: aamber of men furnished tbe Union armies ia misleading in this respect, Hint -tneh Who' re-eDlftrted are counted twice, or even more and for this reason the percentage 'of loss cannot be accurately determined.

Wlioo It is remembered that valt -majority of these men on both sides were young 18 to 25 years of apfe, It will be easily understood that bolb sections lost the bfjst blood of their land. If the union and Confederate volunteers nad been of the type ol FuKtatt's recruits, mere "'revolted taps tars andl ostlera, trade fallen and tattered prodigals, tood for powder," ths: would not have Been altogether a bane, but a blessing. Bat the unre- tarning bnve were the enterprising yoath of both sections. France to-day has not recovered from the tremendous drain on tie best life-blood ot the state'that was BO lavishly epent in the Napoleonic wars, swept off taring the extraordinary from to 1815 tbe ttower of her youth. From 17'JO to 1815 France was almost constantly at war, and Uie losses in battle in those days of short- range miUiBts and cannon, and effective cavalry Charges, were frightfully severe.

bat three years of really severe yet oar loEses on both sides stood for not far short of a million of Hen. The loss of nearly a million of stalwart young men to a country of jirty-five millions of people was a very serious loss. Wao can estimate the value of the ampler vitality; tbe contagions enthusiasm, Uie moral force, that lies brried In ibe of tbe niilUon of stalwart young men. North and Soutb, who were lost to procreative force of this' country and lie burled in their graves! Weican qnly sadly speculate how mnny great pith and moment, how murh splendid land useful ambition for adventure, how much' integrity, how much forceful energy, Is beneath tbe sanctified sods of Spottaylvaula, along tbe slopes of Qettytbnrg, within (bo dreadful circle of PoternbniE. If wars only swept oft the swine- feeding relose and chaff of the worldj the fellows for whom we are obliged to bnild insane asylums, prisons, alms houses and hospitals for inebriates, then would be welcome; but alas! men who are food for powder In a country like tbe United States are the prospective pillars of tbe state; they stand for the valor, virtue and Ftrility of thousands of villages, North and Sooth.

lien. Sherman tbinks peace is enervating, an 1 once said ol war: Warsare'not all evil; they are a part ot tine errand machinery by which this world Is governed, thunder storms purlly the political atmosphere test the manhood of a people, and prove wbelhe they be worthy to take rank with othersieogaged In the same task by different methods. Wendell Phillips wanted to "banish drill and Instruction from all our schools, because it tends to encourage a brutish i spirit," but Von Moltke, the great German stfategist, goes further tban Sherman and declares "lhat war Is not only useful but necessary, and that without It tbe human race would so multiply like rabbits in a warrea would be unable to exist upon the earfh, and must butcher each other to prevent the evBTrt overpopulation," The trou Die is, however, tbat war butchers the best part of tbe population in a country lite our own, where we depend on volunteers for defeusel The stanutog armies of England, France, Rfcesia, Germany and Austria contain ninny men IWho are ouly leffitimate food for powder, bat under oar faruyof, government the volunteer system spills 'the best blood'of the lund. The English soldiers who died la the Crimea, before Lncknwwrin Asbantee, Abyssinia, were brave fa 1 lows but were not tha best blood of Eagiancl's yeomanry, tor the farmer population of Ka- Kland ileRiifeo the profession of a private snldinr; but In America, under our volunteer sysem, the farmers of the nntion IMcfred to the war and the best, because the and strongviat, blood of tbe state was Blte'WatoT on both sides; HO that a great war In America ipeans a more irreparable loss to the state thRirH does In Europe, because Uie mere Reawpod of civilization tee nruues of Europe, while tbo farm, the fac- tvry, the fok-go and Ibe store fought aud w-m tbe battle fbr I'nifti). IfATEHWURKS.

Tbe ptircihase by the city of the warksi or t'je Portland Water company consummates ai wition which has at different times In furmar jears been considered by the city. It Wis before the city more prominently aud definitely in 1H73 thap at any other time. In that year the company to the common council a proposition to sell the works to tbo city for $300,000. An exhibit was made, which showed tbat tbe income from consumers' rates for the ear June 30, 1871, was $42,774 and for the year ended June 80, 187S, It was tbeQ calculated that the city could pay 8 per cent, on the bonds and reduce the water rates 25 per cent. Ey the common council's committee en fire and water, Messrs.

J. B. Coa- ele and C. Moreland, it was recommended tbat the company's proposition to sell tbe works to the city he submitted to a vote of the people for approval or rejection. This was accordingly done, and i the vote was taken June 15, Tbe vote stood; For 0e proponitlon 847, aeainst It 123S.

Total vote 2110, which was regarded as E. very full vote for tbat day. It is an inquestionable fact that the purchase of tbe works at the present time for ii far bettei bargain for the city than their purchase in iS7o for would have been. A far greater snm ttan $150,000 has been expended by the company on the works SIOM 1S73. TUOI purchase then was favored cbidlly by coi sunders who w-ie not taxpayeri.

We believe the taxpayers nnw generally approve the purchase. There IP, doubt that it Is an excellent Bargain fui- city. The works certainly canld not he put in, as they nowstaad, for and the city moreover will get a plant tbat Is In full operation and will give an assured return from tbe -first day. Again, money Is now so cheap aa to make it much more feaaDM for tbe city to undertake the busi- nem and Carry the debt than it would have been in former years. 3 be rate to consumers may be reduced to almost 01 one-half, and still IBE PRESIDENT "1ST A BOLK." President Cleveland acted rather hastily in reinstating District Attorney Ben ton, of Missouri, for the district attorney appears to have denounced tbe administration more freely than did District Attorney Stone, whom tbe president refused to restore.

Benton's speech at Oallatin. conainedthe following passage: 1 don't agree with President Cleveland In everything, don't believe in his ctrll service' humbtiK- cery. I do oelteve In genuine civil servlcewtofm, but I dont want men under me to Work every conceivable dodge to defeat me and my party at the next election. But he believes It and he Is a man of Iron nerve. Benton further said of -the president; Be learns hit financial theories from Wait street, tbe leeches that suok the blood of tbe honest yeo- uianryofthe West like vampires.

That's where Mr. Cleveland eeU bis ideas ol flnanbe. When he wrote his gratuitous letter on the subject of silver coinage, even before be was Inaugurated as president, he illustrated where he got his Ideas ana struck a blow at the West In tbo interest at the bondholders and money sharks, and I lett like sinking down In my boots; but when Reagan of Texas and others stood up in tfteir GlgnitLad mau- bood and wrote to blm that he was the executive and not the law-making power, and 1 saw these democrats battling for their rfedrs and tbe rights ol the people against his assumptions, I rejoiced again that I was a democrat. It Is clear from these extracts that Benton, whom tbe president reinstated, surpassed Stone in what the president styled Stone's unpardonable fault, viz: "evincing such an unfriendliness toward Ihe administration which be pretends to serve and ot which he Is nominally a part, and suoh a consequent lack of loyal.inter- est in its success tbat the safest and surest guarantee nf Us faithful service is In liny opinion entirely wanting." Stone did not make any attack on tbe president; he never mentioned the president or the administration In bis addresses, but confined the discussion to the tariff and currency Questions. Mr.

Cleveland Is "to a hole" which he cannot get out of decently except by removing Benton, the democrat, who traduced him, and reinstating Stone, tbe republican, who refrained from all personal reflection on him. The president will find out, as other reformers have done, who have passed from the place of critic to that of executive ol reform, that he will bave to "fish or out bait" on the question of civil service reform. Air. Watterson, In the Louisville Journal, thus criticises President Cleveland's letter, reinstating Mr. Benton: "The tone ot the president's letter Is undemocratic, unrepnbli- can, and un-American.

He talks like a benovo- ient overseer to a nigger In a cornOeld or a lenient schoolmaster to a boy who has astray, but bas shown sucb a nice temper about It that be must be forgiven." And the New York JTorld pointedly says: To be consistent and logical It would seem that the president must DOW reinstate Col. Stone, It he has said nothing that was not "decant aud fair," and re-bounce Mr, Beaton, wbose remarks would certainly "offend and irritate the friends of the administration," If their outlyiUK sensibilities arenoc prool against very plain language. Allot which shows how dangerous it is to meddle with freedom of speech iu this land of liberty, and hon devlou-t and jolting is tfte progress ot an administration the mugwumps "sit upon the bas and drive" In Massachusetts, while Sguator Voorhees performs tbe same sen-ice In Indiana in favor u( a clean sweep and Senator Vest handles the whip and ribbons In Missouri and tbe pres dent himself undertakes to drive in Pennsylvania and other states. Tbe moral would seem to be tbat. as too niaDy cooks spoil a broth, too mioy aillertim rules anil too many drivers bound to go in different directions will be very apt to bother tbo coach.

TBE HATER A correspondent writes from Scio to tlift Saloai as follows: I eee liy tlie advertisemenc for bids ol j'crttand water bonds, they Kit! exempt from tit and county taxation. 1 read Waldo's opinion on thfe mortgage tax law, whttb' was "tliat notes and ciedlts wore taxable," and iliccaise. wbat difference la there between a boud and asy olcer notetlint It siboutd be esempt? Tne basis Is 5 per cent, interest, and (he imlucaniont, at EUCU a low rate of interest. Is the exemption Irotn taxation. should not the farmers In the several counties have the privilege of giving 'heir notes, aud said notes be exempt from So the borrower could well afford to paj his own taxes on all tangible property, and It would causa less confusion In making our assessments.

Any tax on money is a tax on tee borrower, shape ta3 we will. This writer ought to know that Waldo's decision aa to the statue of notes and credits does not nullify the state constitution by authority of whlob the water bonds Issued, tide section 1, of the constitution is a3 fol- TTe legislative assembly shall provide by law for uniform and rate of assessment and taxation of alt property, both real and personal such only for municipal, educational, literary. scieutiOc, religious or charitable purposed, as may be specially exempted by law. The purpose for which the water bonds are IfiEoed IB municipal and In terms within the exception. Tbeir exemption from taxation bas been authorized by special act of Ihe legisla'ure.

There can be no question as to their legality. There is every reason why these bonds should not be taxed. If they were subject to taxation, then tbe Interest rate, Instead of being 5 would have to be 7 or 8 per cent The money received for taxes would have to be paid out a-paia la the form of intereet, plus the fees ot tax collectnrn, etc. It would be iuite as reasonable to tax toe water works to be bought or built with the proceeds of the bonda; or to tax the county court house or the city jail. "What difference," asks tbe writer from Bern, there between a bond and anj other note that It should tie exempt?" Thia difference, that the bond represents a public debt, the noto represents a private a difference precisely analogous with lhat between the court house, the property ot the county, and nn ordinary business block, the property of a citizen.

Aa to the exemption from state taxation, Ui- Hiate of Oregon surely cannot wisli to tax the people of Portland upon the meaqs to supply themselves with water. It woa'd quite rational to tnx tile farmer upon the of his wool. Tr. William 1'riuor Tolmie, wbbse cloath Ht II. is nnnntmce'd, (known to all the early settlers of Oregon).

He came here from Scotland fn 18ii3, under, the paLroa- age of the Hudson's Bay He was an educated physician and surgeon, wfts a graduate of tbe L'Llveraity of (Jiasgow, and 'bolh Imtore and after his arrival made- botany a Bpociai Btudy. Prior to his coming; there had bean iv physician at Vancouver except Dr. Mc- Loughlln, who, ae ho had the whole of the company on his hands, greatly needed the assistance of a special physician. Br. afterwards went to Puget sound, and was lonjj at Fort NiRiuoIly.

The Oarly settlHra at Puget sound were preatly indebted to hia kirdnees ami humanity. Finalljl, when the authority of the tilted States was fiiily as- 'erted over the territory now known as Oregon and Washington, aud the country began to fill With Americans, Dr. Tolmie, with! most other men of tbo Hniipmi'fl Bay company, went to British Columbia. We fcnow Dot Whether any wblte man now lives wbo has had a longer residence in the Northwest (fifty-three years) than lr. Tolmie.

With him came out another young phyician, J'r, Gairdner, who remained at Fort Vancouver till 18:15, when, owing tn pulmonary disease, he was compelled to depart. He died tit the Hawaiian islands the same year. Bin- croft, In his "History of Oregon," says: "Or. (jairdner made a study of the salmon of the Columbia river, and his authority on their habits is still high. Beiag a young man of high attainments, bis death was much deplored." Tbe late John Owens, the veteran come dian, whose deatij was announced yesterday, has been an invalid for several years, but for iwenty years he was an actor of superior merit.

He is bett known to the Amerilcau public aa "Folon Shinele," but his lasting memory and reputation will rest ou uraoh finer parts, like tbat of Caleb Plummer In tbe dramatization of Dickens's "Cricket on tbe Hearth." The fine old scbool of comedy tbat was represented by Bur- Placide, Harris, Mr. Brougham, Blike, Sothatn, Holland and Hactett 1s about Miirlre Eo.lurer.' Kb. i be amCftlnp of thefctiovcassociation an waiur i.iy li, 5iOT otelock, attne loJra room. M-oirbnn bet. Third oM Fonrtll.

over the- BouOTet Millinery Blore. Business "-111 be hrocglJt before ibe the preafiaceolll members go-jd IttE POLJVK a NEW away Tney all are gone, these old fa- miitor fZf: iLZ Wallackfwuilam Warre sj-. Mtt John Gilbert, Jefferson, Charles Fisher, Bouci- rwt 2 0 ck Sunday. JgS-'feVJJ llc cault survive, bnt they are all old men, no- tommiuee. j.EENNKpVi body to take their place except tbo chea bur- leeque "stars" like Dlxey and Sat Goodwin.

One sentence in the president's message, as received by THE OBEOONIAH, was wholly unintelligible, and no attempt therefore wts made to print it The sentence referred to was in that portion of the message which related to civil service reform. We now print it. Itjis the final sentence In the extract given below, the preceding ones being reprinted In order to make tbe final one entirely plain: Tbe continued operation of the relating to our civil service has added to tbe most conv proofs of Its necessity aud usefulness, it Is a fact worthy ot note that every public officer wl bas a lust Idea ol bis duty to the people testifies to tbe value of this reform. Its stannohest friends are found among those who understand it best, and its warmest supporters are tbose who are restrained anjd protected by its Tbe meaning of such restraint and protection Is not appreciated by tbose who want places under tlxe uov- regardless of merit and elnciency, nor by tbose who' Insist tbat selections for sucb places should rest on proper credentials, showing active partisan irorlti They mean that public officers shall be given every opportunity afforded them to attend to public business, and they mean thatsood peonle shall be given an opportunity lor the better performance of (fie wnrk of tbelr government. The New York Finnndid nnrl Rfa-ard recently showed that while "there Is, jwith money at 6 per cent, a profit of per cent, per annum on bank circulation secured by i) per cent, bonds bought at par, thore Is a necessary loss on circulation secured by 4 or 4i pericent.

bonds bought at the current premium. Oa tbe 4 per cents, at 13i, the loss is 1.88 per cent pur annum; on the 4K per cents It Is only ii of 1 per cent, but it Is'etlll a loss. The uncalled per cent bonds are till but about II! per In the bands of the treasurer as security for bank circulation, and they will all bo called by the close of the fiscal year. If they cannot be replaced on terms that will be satisfactory to to the banks the circulation by which they are secured must be surrendered and ultimately, thongri slowly, redeemed and withdrawn." From one of Naaby's latest letters it aftljears that charges of pernicious activity i late political canvass had been filed against Km as a federal office-holder (he is now a but that the president, after due examination, bas found that his activity did not exceec the proper bounds. Nasby therefore publisheq the (ollowing certificate of approval, which be has received from the president: Inyoorcase, I rind fast, tiiat yoo did, Ja your speeches, give the administration a Hearty 'support, and that yoor alhjushnns to me vvnz uv a oacher wich brot teers to my eyes.

In eotnparln me to Washington, Jefferson, Jason and sich.lyoo show yoorsell to be. a man uv discrunlnashen judgement, a close reeder or history aud a JedKeuvmen and things, sicb men ex. yoodan't ba pared from the public servls. The source of the Mississippi bas been discovered apain. Capt Wlllard (i lazier announces that he has discovered a hitherto unkn wn bpdy of water south of Lake itasca, which be sayp is the true source of great stream.

It is well tinown'bat the source of the long dup- poaed to be (Itasca lake, was "moved on" some years ago to Turtle lake; and now Capt. Glazier asserts that he has discovered the true source "In the unfrequented region between Leech late and Bed river, not less than one entire degree of latitude south of Turtle lake," aad this newly discovered body of water Is not less than three feet higher than the level of Like ItaFca. In some quarters the alleged discovery is ridiculed, and er lake" is classed wjth "Jones river." "WisconBin Central railroad Ira adopted a new rule providing that any employe ou (he parlor, dining and sleeping cars accepting a 'ee rotn a paseenger will be discharged, and; ac- companj'JDg; the order ia an announcement that tbe pay of the employes will be largely increased. This Is the honorable way for railroad i to act between Its passengers and ployep, and the employes will be in the lougr in all the more i llieient and self-respecting for lit, Fairly paid for doing their duty by the company, they will hare no friends to reward or enemies to annoy among the passengers; they will feel as manly and self-respecting as the conddc- tor or engineer of the train. Tha passenger who pays Increased fare for extra accommodations ought cot to be taxed further for fees to servants.

Tax robbery fa as much a subject ol popular excitement In New Y'rk as It IB in Oregon. The New York World has been busy lately showing ap tbe gross irregularities of assessment and taxation in the empire state. The country preps insist that the only remedy is to tax all property equally; that there should be no exemptions and no privileged classes. The Cayuga New Voik For years we have lilted up onr voice against these and similar outrages whereby buoitreds if millions of dollars hide awai 1 from tbe taxgatherer. The will come-- It musn come If we are to preserve our liberties--when taxation reform will trji- umph and the million alrefij, the the stock- jobbera.the money and corporation lord 4 will be broiignt to book.

Speed the day. It seems that the democratic majority ot tt(e house of representatives is not going to allow Meelf to be beguiled into an act to eroot Wash- 'nglou tenitory into a state by any claim or itri. raise that the new state may datnocrtitlc. I no state is to be admitted henceforward uQ- iesa the dominant party believes It can rely on it. then thf democratic in jorliy 'Bright Delftgafie Voorlieee is reported as saying that he has snwU that the house will pass any bill to let Wellington iu.

But his regrets might be more i-tfiistvo to the public than painful to ihoxild the conditions of territorial disability maintained in "Washington a conaidorabie time tF" or sale by 1 BooVs on receipt Sent by th H0111TOK, MJFFL1N TO-NIGHT MISS WHO WILL I'ltKSENT TTM3S pfl at Prentice's. PYKE OPEElj In Btraues's Great Opero. THE QUEEN'S LACE HANDKERCHIEF Monctar. Tuesday anrt 1C ven in era. Dec.

18,14. 15. EOKTY AKTteflS Including the Dlsflloguhlie 1 MISS MISS LtlilSK A MISS TKLLtiLa. EVliNS! THREE--FAMOUS PRIMA TlinrBday. Friday, and Special SiitnrdaT AKntlnee, 1 coatomps.

of npaf now iA -i THE Eckcrt-Leigliton Musical In Uif-ti 1 nwn comedy ilnfrorliKincr i Opcian'-Thp Veiled and -I Oiautftt'). eutitled. Will nppnar at fith and J7lh; AIlaiy UPC. Mli (tint lith; Knfit-ne Occ, loth and Jltli; Of THIC of the ('win lij Mr. Herbert L.IDK, the Mar- Ji'iot'd Bars: "It is umiuestlonalriy the '-jHttnmtic, Hcieutific and preseotn- i.ion of (he vast mining resources of this region which has ever been published.

Again; "The. -vuthor merits the praise of our people, auiJ OKKCOKIAN deserves their thanks." list I'arlt HI tl Washington ata, M. r. OOLISTEIN r. 6RAIVD DEC.

13; Krgugenipnl xtrscrdi mry itbn FanJon 1 I THOMPSON OPERA COi 4,0 A.IIT1STS3|---4.O i New Coatuines-New Scenery 1'OPVl A PMCES-ZO It is not surprising that unite petitions for river Improvement go to Washiouton city froru i )regon than from any other part of the country. Our rlrers improveiaeut more than any The volume of the Columbia is equal to Lhat of the M.ssiasippi, and the has uevur had the attention that the Interests of thb couu- try drained by it require. Henry D. Wallen, U. S.

who died in Now York city last week, agei) was a Poiut graduate of a native of Georgia, but like JiIsclasBtnale, George H. Thomas, rafuied to follow his state out of the I'uUm aud stood by the At the time of his retirement in 1874 was coionel of the Second infantry. Shaheftjieare was the original Darwinian. Tbup, in ''Timon of Athens:" "The strain of man's bred out into baboon and monkey." Whatever excursions any thinker may make, be is pretty Kure, if he will overhaul his Shake- ppeare, to find that the man of oceanic inlnU has been there before him. OUK CORNER WINDOW, MdNDAY, SIfiidny i te with Novelties: in NECKWEAK Frniu Fisk, Clark Flagg, New York, and leading importers.

These Elegant Holiday Presents for Kenthnien at exceptionally low figures. ELEGANT nrn irr-" -nj 1-40: Rov. Dr. Howard Crosby declares that New lit city "stands on an plane of dirt, ftRi (linbolism." Here is a nsw effort ia alliteration that-wIU make Mr. Diaine sbudiler.

It's r. eafe waeerttint Mr. Blaiiie will not alluw lr. to make speaches for in lS8x large audlenca at the I' NEW TO-DAY. gooih, woold be Tte tillicy of tab tortfatbet tturttte brtofc- tatlfl toptotjBQt UHUIHTMAH PRESENTS.

A JLarce AsHortmcnt of and Gent's XyonB Silk Umbrellas; also FUT Bets and Cavern, and r.ndta»*:Biuidaome KandkecohJefB, Fans, at Very Low nrlnff oar ClnaTonce D. POJBTJBA ft Third it. Emhrncinp Novelties from all qnatters Uio cldbo. comprisinu (BB Newest NnveHiMi in tvory, Hronzn; SatiD, Oliva Wcwd, HealLvr, Celluloid and Cut Bohemian rolonDf and Pimfjqnts; Glore antl llacdteicbiof Boxes, Odor Cases, Perrume StaiuM, Ni.cessaires, TravellBe ConioaiiionB. Lartloa' and (JBats' Dteas' ing Cases, Baliy Toilets, Jawol Stands, 'ard Canes anil Itnceirere; 1 bets and Manicure Sots In laVee variety, together with the fiuest Ifne of Perfumery, both foreign and domestic, ever onereil In Portland, and at nrieea that are particularly low.

PBESCRIFTIOX I ODD FELLOWS' TEMPLE, Or, LOADED DOWN! Tie conncert and other receptMles Car tbe of Poultry and Flab, at Le The first SnWM of the seteoa Is there. Order your snpplfe to-day. ORAJtD OPPOBTDSITY TO borne at a Jem cost per month than rent ol ft small in the city: houses andlataairsaleelieap In no on tlelerrta payments. Apply to F. o.

GOODIH. 100 Front at. atotf 2w 1 B. S. rosas, 2i NAAA ASH.

HFMOCHACY AND Kit A DURESS By JAM LOWHI.I,, I vol. IGrjtu, Klld top, 2s Con terms: Democracy; Our iem; Sfjuilpy, FtliiliiK, Coleridge; fcufl EIi-artes; Worci- Don Harvard Anniversary. IN THE CLOU IIS. By OHAM.KS Kt-KOir i K. ior of i tb" TrmieHHt'i' Mounlal "'the Prophei of Smoky Dtnvn tin- ISajo, i Tiiis it the ngest and inosl stnklogstttp" I Egbert has yet-written; i HO.UJLSPVN A CoMeluInc ZyrubTlircop's "Botwrfd rru.tfi," "My Motlier rut On." br Little vnftes of Beptlft Hock." By Airs A I).

T. WMITNK.I', uutlior ot GoMthwattq, i2mo, 41.6o. i i- merit uvailuUle book for gift pnrpSBca. THE OF THE TVB9L. Ev Sir ART PijKLrH, antboir of "Tfee Jar," -Beyond the 1 etc.

With forty- ihu-e fell iiaffe and -mailer H'ustrattoofii tncitidiiur CKim-, Im dscape and marlue by i i and H. liimo. tastje- duly bound, $150. A tonclttmr story, ptemre, nnJ tastcfbl ID ecbanjcjti'execution mate tbfs a very attractive) yet i i AFPJLJKD CHK-WTlA-MTrV. 4 muhor pf Tbe lord's Prfii'cr," etc.

i ChitBtlnuity and Weallh; Ia fyabori Con- mcdlty? Ihe nud Weakueas MlSoctallam; It Peaco or Wiu- 1 Tlie and i hilrnhes: Tliree I'hrlstianttj SocUI frli'ncflj Clirtstrpiilty and tinnlty and Popular Education. Tnifl is a peculiarly timely and book, diEcuahPa wltli abltlty untl HiDgulur calndor Rome of tbe incut hnpurtan ivlilc-ii uditatP mo 1- i'rn at cicty ftiiu icupcralivoly dccmml gtripiia coos! i- THJK PJKAYKtt. 1 A i A i KewjEiJltlvnJ A I FO i JEVKKY JJA.Y. A Tltoutriit. gedibj- xiv LAiico 1 uf of it Ik ter.Ufe." JGiUD.

Miss Lflrcom lias ga't-rred, 'frarninivery wlrte raufTP of iftutNO'c, i itnscpes vifflite for A T. T. autbhr of Boiinyfinr- i (viiiii and bound, Tfi cents, A lauieful book burcn--Aflvcdit, OliriKtiaiin, I.mt, Wiilwi. day, Trinity Buster Jilcn events tioittljlq fl ie glJun(si4'rIeiiLeo( ORIKtVT. Belr.rr Dio Ten Hi Voluiiie ol Boston Monday with Current tvents, and HW? iri By Josid-ii On hh a dnr Portrait.

(i 50. This hook comprises sLx of Hie leclares gttfen by Mr. Cocli In 1ER3. Ttirv treat Palestine, tto-pt ftn I tt Cliunder Hen uao Hindu Theism; Woman Sj Work Wciuaii In As-ft; Japan, Uie Hi-lf Rfforaed Nallob; a-(I Australia, tbe J.acliic i imtloiml Bfforra. TEJf DO A US R'KOVGI'Cl By f'ATlTKUUIK 1.

I A household book of rewaj-table TUe writ, tells a pipami Brorf. an-1 lnt) lit reripfs iind vrcHent (1 ftud RH the ii.iquiilifted-comrjiiendatlon nf many who riuv, tested hnd ijoHoived Uifr JINTBI)-- A OOOD OIBLTOrOjK AND DO eenefttl honaework. Apply 11(13 iKTED-O7RI. ABOUT TO BB OKNEE ally aboot tbefaoajc. ITOMalnfft.

lial A MBEIt JKWJil.BY OF ALt canbeHoundatB.Qi'H'iOlsr'a.'ra ANTED-- LAB BEHS FO fi. WOEK' KISO.MI) UOO (XJBl'S DK AT COD TelepBoiie 181. ACKSOK A IS) FIFTH-- PrKNISHED PBONT ROOMS. tc a month; also bouse of aeve-t roomal gaa: pat- Udl KAS1TE IJtOJS OF KV1.BY DKSORIF- tton tan be fmJnd ai Cboivn A OurOa's, 212 First and fteatmor sla GOOD AND PROMJT-TKAr IS romui RT fl rest's TMT. direo- tg 8 tfaf i S8 S' Jn hE till oAv SE '-t 'JS(103 4, r.E 37 8 1 'S 47 i minunum, 42.

forth. TO IOA1SI--KBOM SO BAV8 TO Sli. on Baltafactory LENT A -mrtpt tint" AJD1 A.I LU1K: UHlklVbS VM- earne 1 othere up JEWEIKT BKACK1ETS. CBMKKR'H CONFECTIONARY, Coffep Hoomp, 285 Fire- st. ew, ntat ttPd B.

LHT, OF dips all wool SUk r-rcfispa, co'nef of Ahler streets PoatofBce box 5J3 CHANCE TO BUT nud FaiuUaes, DOW wiling at Tfairdjt. bstiyeen Al Motrlsoa. L4- and ro over Sbort F. Osgood, thirty- WOM.N TO ACP nuiseand per, four fn fftmily; tiro Oeiman preferred. 133 Sherman st.

Id2 bKLKCT A TBUSS1, OR 8ILEERSTE EN'S XI OTICE-I WILL NOT BB RESPONSIBLE FUB RD.V coatrBcted by my wife aftec Una Oat" Po'llund, Bee. 10, Iggfl. OEKTS WANTED TO OUft eOQilTeveryboayliays; control of lertitory given. AddressHK Market San Frttn. (lacOtCal.

Hdlin ANTKD-BY GIVINQ A MOSO- lugoe eniertelDittfnt. a luKDe eDiertalDiAcnt. ei ral sprcliihy nttlat as imrtoer HE PUBLIC' AJIE credit any pernon on my aceount, as I except ir TO pay no JTOHK EE STOCK OP DRESS IRlll MINOS, Flou ndnps, Jfinjeys.BHfc Underwear and Km- EA R1D1 TTilM and Morrison ate. IAKTKD OB TWO LOK3, WJTH Jocation between Tfclrd and Park ts and- between FUDOII ana streets; state fifientH; Ijacbecp. Address Orygonlao.

OJMftV TO 1X4LN Ii TO SUIT AN5T kind of security, such an Household Furniture 1 (without removal 1 Pianos, or PrrxtDal R. FRAMK. Horses, Wagon an n- Flr-lat Alder, lldtl LPOit FUHNITCTnE PIX- JD lops of a 23 room buiUe, centzaUy focated or! one of our principal aueets; fine bar, dntog a Roorl joatms all fntl; muni be sold on Account nl Address PO. AT A ItAJtOATN.AitONIFICEST Bitt-n anl stock farm ol stioateln Poltc county, OroRotj, 4WBcnHtn ctntlvattoii; coofi larfe- timothy meafloxv: HbtraL Frr fiiU atotVce of GKKTTZ ttlaad Orrg in. 1138- The steamshir Victoria PaWft a I I A tbe following paswo- jj Fraas, T.

F. Powell, D. D. Mc" RrekliHW and two SartaO, B. T.

0 Krt Blate, W. S. Spinney, H. Noell, Georga W. Fatten, A.

Mc- A. M. Jones, Miss J. Mrs. J.

Winnings, W. lttre er, Mra. Honsineer and r. Mrs. J.

E. Miss E. F. Elder, George F. Smith nd cbUd, K.

SffTi. Saneman. Mr. Towell. 000BT8.

STATE CIBCDIT OOBITT, NO." 1. TM. Frank lolazal; caose dtt- THE GERMAN1A1 6T Fliirt Gt. Eryal German Coating- LI i daily We will Gtil.W In Ready-aiade und Sulft lo Order. Lowest yenrt for clmulara and ra eg for seK- measure P.

W. I3AMS, 7C Mot-risof? Portland. HERE'S SWEETNESS. M. SID CON, THE iONLY FRKNOH of the best Chocolate Boo Boas, Oara- mtltiario puri" French Candles 25 experlejue).

Feventb and Washington- Firat award at -h Fair. Preparing for the Holidays DIVIDEND NO. ISA. rtTHE HOMK MOTCAI. INSCKANGE COMPACT i will its regular monthly dividend of one dollar ($1 per ahare upon Jta capatftl stocK on December iflttt, IfiSO.

Tiie Oregon stocktoOatTers will receive thdlrJivi- ends at the mco of mis icomptmy, soiitReast comer of First aud btarfc orUand. Or. IX B. BCBH, Manager Oreffou. Brandt.

A SPECIAL CARD fi G. Baker; dlsoiiBsed. 'swats cmcriT COI-RT, NO. 2. compD? va.

DA. B. Raokla rourroi ui cTllancl SnvlDgs banSaOd National tank overmled and ten days s.1^,. ra. Willamette VallBy Railway ipnj: referred to Seneca Smltn as reforee teitlmoiiyaBfl report fmdtcgB.

POLICK COU of the polloe court was a ohl. Story Grelle was discharged from on two complaints. One was lhat he Minnie Schalze with an.ax baa- odiEOttaer tbat be lewdly cohabited with dngbter, Anolo Scbclze. Deputy nistrlot OdSlmnn moved for dismlBsal. Gmiilnebaai wan fined $25 for assault and on Ah Sooe.

The case of Eugenia Gorie the streets at unlawful honrs was also that or Cussing and Bertie with assault and batter; on CD. Jack Bedding got twenty forTBBTSDcr, Three other Henry fast Stnartand Eugene Turner will B. I. 1ms notice that W. A )iaa adnertteed Ilcksecker'a Perfume.

There no suoh pqrfnTne made qndec sucn name. Bat tbe genuine KIcbspcKer'B can be liO at WoMard-CIarfc A Co'ft. and iROpfn for inspection- BUSINESS MEN'S LUNCH To- Day from 1 1 A. M. to 1 P.

M. THE Oil.MAS eol SE. In tte liuict for treat, Including Soup, FlKh, Salads, etc. BOARD OF TRADE. HE REGULAR MONTBXT OV Board of Ti-ade will be held at Its rooms i- Market on MOB day the 13th at o'clock.

HldKam 17 K. ARNOLD, Sec. EUGENE D. WHITE. Koanu and At floor, N.

cord 91 lot Flrat and Alder BBTATK AOJEIVT. nardlao Aunraraee te. of Ixin- Oakland Howie fre. of Oakland. dOpoMted at Saltin, Or.

Comululaner of rur all the aod Notui-y Honey to la t- from ODV month years, an approved real or collateral Competitive i "SEATllLE RIFLES," of Seattle, 0. of Portland, For the Ci-AMI'losSBlr ol the orthwesi at llfEKED. fe'Vektm lost opened the most elegant assort- "--itol Holiday goods. embraoinR novelties Irom all IWsWUieglobe. Don't take our word for It, (ee tor yourselt.

We hate Uie yoodt "WPM8 to sell them at priiws that are partio- Jim, WOODABD, CLAKKK Drtlj- Md Temple. American magazines and peri- llWC.H. 150 first street. -2f Columbia river smelt ol the season OI Uie Bs 8uom yam at lOu stela, at tbe Lace Ger- rece el ra ot amber jewelry. and lnTlte everybody JO" notbl W.

M. WISDOM. DruBllsr, Corner Flrat a a streets. 0 ours a barrel spruce gum. by O.

H. Wlbox, ISO oE which we at cost du Saturday Evening JDoct-mber 11, 1 ior Thomp- A 7ffc at I-t m'edayj Dec. at I A. M. ra.1 OOc.

Thp senlrr mriubT o( K7'- LTTB A CO. Japuii on tm- January. 1W7. To bftabtetose- cure (he best fiom Jajuiness mauuCacturers, th9 AMERICAN DOLLAR Hat to be used as an argument. On Monday, Dee.

18lb, nntll 5ew Tear's we ifOl present our cnstomers with the following JAPANESE NICKNACKS: LE Japanese COR. L. 3, JOncSHlncp Gowns Japanese HtrtnatteroT Doixee will he plvi'n i of $2.50 worth nf merchandise or over. Onr neoal LOW PBICES have baen CUT DOWS STILL LEEGO. 68 HORRtSON and I NFWSPAPFR!.