Tallahassee Democrat from Tallahassee, Florida • Page 1

SUNDAY NEWS-BEM TH1I Tallahassee area: Fair and slowly rising temperature today. TIDES High tides at St Mark's Light Sunday will be at 12:31 ra and 10:20 m. Low wlU be at 4:49 a and 4:40 m. VOL. IV, NO.

18; TALLAHASSEE, SUNDAY MORNING, MAY 1943 PRICE TIN CENTS Two More Nazi Armies Surrender Two Capitulations Germany's Fall 6 Million May Put Bring Standstill In Much of Europe Resistance Continues in "Nazi Camp" of Norway; Fighting Remains in Austria, Balkans, Seacoast, Czechoslovakia By The Auociated Freai) Additional mass surrenders brought the war to ft virtual standstill in much of Europe last night but Norway remained a tightly-held Nazi camp and German hold-out armies continued fighting the Russians and Americans along the Baltic coast and in Czechoslovakia, Austria and Yugoslavia. Two German armies in southern Germany and western Austria an estimated 400,000 men capitulated to the Allied Sixth Army Group. Although the formal "cease 11 order was timed for noon (6 am Eastern War Time) today, the Seventh and French First armies were instructed to stop all combat immediately. The same news was broadcast to the Germans in an effort to stop further bloodshed. Confusion Reigna Delegates Renew Clash Over Poland Russian Arrest of Poles Causes Demand For Explanation SAN FRANCISCO, May 5, WV-Russia clashed anew with Britain and the United States over Poland today at the very Instant of reaching agreement on measures intended to strengthen a world organization of United Nations.

The latest row over Poland was disclosed by Secretary of State Stettinius who reported that Russia had arrested "a number of prominent Polish democratic leaders." A Moscow broadcast said there are 16 of them. Stettinius and British Foreign Secretary Anthony Eden have demanded a "full explanation." Until they get it. there will be no talk with the Russians on setting up a Polish government satisfactory to all three powers. Men Against Japs Superforts Deal Three Blows to Japanese Homeland; Attack Off Okinawa Cost 168 Planes; Chinese Claim Slight Gains (By The Auociated Prew) A tentative plan of the United States army to throw possibly 6,000,000 picked soldiers against Japan was disclosed in Washington Saturday as the hard-pressed Nipponese continued their fierce resistance on Okinawa and Tarakan, Borneo. Members of the house military committee, after a closed session with army chiefs, said the program would be brought into operation with the collapse of Germany.

The army officials, stressing that the plan was tentative, declared it wis based on their best knowledge of the fighting manpower of Nippon. 1 den Douglas MacArthur's com-f 1 i 2fe re Today has seen the steady con RUSSIAN FLAG FLIES OVER BERLIN The Russian banner of victory now flies over the Reichstag, In Berlin. The picture was taken on the day Premier Joseph Stalin officially announced the fall of the city. The building has been reported as wrecked and burning, but the skeleton still stands, and on top of it the Red flag continues to fly. Ten Injured When Bleacher Soft Ground Is Cause Of May Day Accident Ten people were Injured, one of them seriously, when the east bleacher collapsed during the annual May Day celebration Friday afternoon according to Police Chief Prater.

The accident occurred during the first part of the program which continued af ter a few minutes pause, The'bleachers were erected had reach Caldwell Says State Lacks Postwar Funds Beer Bill Signed; Cigaret Tax Action Expected To End Soon By MALCOLM JOHNSON TALLAHASSEE, May 5, WV-Governor Caldwell put renewed emphasis on the need for post war funds today aft signing Into law his three cents a bottle beer tax and predicting the legislature will complete action on the penny cigaret tax boost by midweek. At his press conference, he hauled out showing the millions fc? other sta3 hit re set aside for public works when peace returns and commented that Florida is "without a dime" except for some $15,000,000 earmarked exclusively for road building. Governor Caldwell said as soon as the cigaret tax clears through the house, he Intends to re-appraise the state's financial needs in the light of assured revenue and appropriations of the legislature up to now. If less money for operations Is needed than he first anticipated, or if the legislature provides new funds from other sources, he will scale down the rate of his proposed 10 per cent utilities tax proportionately, he said, adding that a sales tax now is "definitely" out of the picture. The bitter tax battle Is not over for this session.

Some powerful supporters of the administration beer and cigaret levies already have warned they will oppose the utilities tax. There is bound to be opposition, too, to the governor's proposal to re-enact the five per cent special horse race betting tax and to levy it for the first time against dog and jai alai wagers. The bill will be considered early In the week by the house finance and taxation committee. munique late Saturday reported new Allied advances on Tarakan and complete liberation of Davao, major port city In the southeast Philippines. Davao Forces Liquidated On Tarakan Australian forces, cow aided by Netherlands Indies troops, cleared two districts in southern and eastern Tarakan City and were astride the air strip.

Smashing against Borneo coast-nl sectors Allied fliers destroyed 19 small freighters and. other craft. Scattered JapnMe forces In Davao were liquidated in sharp lighting and Yank doughboys punched two miles inland. Advance on Okinawa American troops, artillerymen and strafing pilots killed 3,000 Japanese in Friday's wild counterattack of regimental strength on the. southern Okinawa line, Chester Nimitz Announced early Then, taking advantage of the enemy's disorganization, doughboys and marines resumed their southward advance yesterday morning.

The Nipponese attack on American forces off Okinawa Friday cost a total of 168 planes, revised figures disclosed. Five light surface units were sunk. Three blows against the Japanese homeland were struck Saturday, Tokyo time, by American Superfortresses. The big Hiro Continued on page eight (See G) Marine Opens Death Notice VICKSBURG, Miss, May 5, (Jt) Private William Dennis of Vicksburg had many unusual experiences during three years In Pacific combat zones, bub he may be the only marine in the world who ever received and opened an official announcement of his own death. At home on furlough, Pvt Dennis met the messenger boy at the front door yesterday afternoon, and opened the telegram which was addressed to his mother, Mrs John Dennis.

The missive announced in the dreaded, official language that has brought sorrow to so many homes. Your son, Pvt Wililam Dennis, was killed in action on Iwo Jima." Pvt Dennis has been at home for about 10 days, his first furlough in 37 months overseas. He was never on Iwo. His last assignment was in the Philippines, Tallahassee: 74-45 WASHINGTON. May 9, (AP) -Weather bureau report of temperature and rainfall for the 24 hours ending in the principal cotton grownlg areas and elsewhere: Station Atlanta Birmingham Botun Buffalo High Low Pree 43 .02 41 45 .04 40 .19 70 63 45 64 49 49 87 IT 71 74 78 61 SO Chicago 38 42 41 68 59 53 48 SS 50 41 44 48 49 43 Cleveland Detroit El Paso Ga1veton Lot Angeles Mobile New Orleana New York Pittsburgh St Louis Ban Antonio San Francisco .13 .03 .07 .06 81 59 Washington 61 FLORIDA STATIONS Apalachlcola 72 S3 Dunneiion Fort Myers Jnx Airport 75 80 73 78 75 79 74 74 50 56 81 70 51 Key West Mdoburne Miami Pensarola TALLAHASSEE 59 85 45 pm 7:00 am Saturday Saturday THE WAR (By The Auoci-ttd Prn) European Front: Two more German armies estimated at 400,000 men surrender virtually bringing war to standstiU in most of Europe; perhaps 300,000 Nazis still holding out in Norway; Reich's new feuhrer calls on his remaining forces to fight to finish against Russians; General Patton's Third Army swings 'Its full might into Czechoslovakia against what Is left of German Seventh Army; Czech patriots throw Germans eat ef Prague, their capita! ettyt far to north, Russians, now in full possession of Berlin, capture Baltic base of Swinemuende and V-bomb experiment station at Peenemuende.

Pacific Front: General Mac-Arthur announces complete liberation of Davao, major port of southeast Philippines; Japanese suicide counterattacks on Okinawa viewed as desperate acts of enemy facing defeat; Australian soldiers, aided by Nether-land Indies troops, drive ahead on Tarakan, straddling airstrip, as Allied fliers destroy 19 small freighter and other craft off Borneo; Superforts pound big Hiro naval aircraft plant a Kure, on Japanese island of Honshu. Allies Find Art Treasures WITH NINTH ARMY IN GERMANY, May 5, -Paintings by such masters as Rembrandt, Van Gogh, and Reubens have been found in a damp copper mine stacked side by side with the bones and solid gold sarcophagus of Emperor Charlemagne. The discovery was made near the town of Siegen in Westphalia by the 75th infantry division. The art treasurers are valued at 500,000,000 gold marks (roughly They were removed from Aachen, Cologne, Bonn, Essen, Muenster, Metz and Wupper-tal at the approach of the Allies. In a pile on the floor are Reuben's "Descent to Hades" and the "Family Scene." Underneath are El Greco's "Cross Carrier" and Rembrandt's last painting, "Self Portrait." On top of Van Dyck's "Holy Family" is the original manu script of Beethoven's Sixth Sym phony.

Nearby is a solid gold Madonna 18 inches high. Long and Hard City Newspaper and editors gave the order to "hold everything" until they could be checked, but the stories always proved to be only rumors. Although- the police and fire departments were checked regu larly and hopefully every few hours, the reporters on theso choice beats returned each time with cries of "no fires, no mur dersyet." But some of the less exciting beats yielded unexpected stories. One of the reporters sent to check on news at a state building returned with eight items for the society page. Each person whom she queried had no news from his department, but offered instead information about a party, visiting relatives, a son in the service, or a local birth or wed ding.

Continued on page tight (Sea tinuation of German demoralization and disintegration on tha western front. On the southern flank army group commanded by Gen Schulz and comprising; the German First and 18tl armies, surrendered this after noon to Gen Devers. So great is trie confusion among the enemy that the German of ficer present at the negotiations. Lt Gen Foertsch, commanding the First German army, could not give an accurate estimate of the strength of army croup G. He believes it numbers between 200.C00 and 400,000.

He icpoitoi that the army itself has food foe some days but the local popula- tion of some 2,500,000 is facing starvation conditions. Enigma- A Norway, where perhaps Germans are holed ajd along whose coasts remnants of tho German fleet are hiding, was tha enigma of the European zone. Grand Admiral Karl Doenitz, the Reich's new may hava taken refuge there. He called on his armies to fight on against tha Russians yesterday "to save as many Germans as possible from, Bolshevization and enslavement. A Doenitz order read over tha Flensburg radio before the Brit ish moved into that city Saturday morning said Friday's surrender in the northwest had been forced "because the struggle against the western powers had become senseless." But nowhera was there a German hint of their intentions in Norway.

The Norwegian puppet premier. Vidkun Quisling, broadcast last night that "all attacks from tha outside will be resisted" and tha Swedish foreign office officially declared that reports of imminent surrender in Norway were premature. Patton Opens Push With fighting on his right flank ended by surrender of tha German First and 19th armlet to Gen Jacob Devers Sixth army group, Gen Patton swung the full might of his Third army into Czechoslovakia, hammering at the German Seventh army. Patton's troops were 72 to 77 miles from Prague and 22 to 27 miles west of the arsenal city of Pilsen. Russians Still Advance East of Prague the Germans were reported pulling back before the pressure of the Russian Second and Fourth Ukrainian armies, moving west on an 85-mile front toward the rail center oC Olmuetz (Olomouc).

Marshal Ro-dion Malinovsky's troops also were moving westward from Bruenn (Brno) on a wide front between the -Morava river and the Danube while south of tha Danube the Russian Third Ukrainian army advanced along the Danube toward Linz, occupied yesterday by Patton's men. The Russians along the Baltic captured the great German naval base of Swinemuende, the V- bomb experimental station Continued on page eight (See E) at Stocks Spotlight NEW YORK, May (. AP Stlca. do ins price and net chanjt of the IS raoait active itorke today: CerUln-teed 800 lOHx I Am Rad Std M.tiOO 14. Hupp Mot 2U.B0O Int Tel Tel W.tWO Hi- a Pan Am Airwayi 1S.3O0 SI v.

Curtis Publish 12.300 n-s 11.700 lTX Si 11.300 W1! Ul 10.100 fix 1, 10 WW J7txr 9 800 ll-'x ino tw Tex Pac 1x1 Tr Int Paper Aviation Corp Grum Aire En Central Std Stl Sprlnf Packard Mot Radio Chi Ot West The recurrent squabble over Poland contrasted with a spirit of harmony and good-will engender ed at the United Nations confer ence by the ability of the four sponsoring powers China, Rus sla, Britain and the United States to get together on all but two amendments they want to Incor porate in the Dumbarton Oak-charter for world peace. The broad sweep of changes ac-Continued on page eight (See F) Czechs Fight I For Capital Patriots Reported Holding City Against Germans LONDON, Sunday, May 9, Czechoslovak patriots and German occupation troops apparently were engaged in a swaying battle today for control of Prague. At 4:20 a a speaker on the Prague radio, identifying himself as a liberated British prisoner "of war, declared, "We are holding Prague; the whole city is under control, but you, the Allies, must get help here today." Another speaker, identifying himself as a Red army officer, appealed for Rusisan aid for the capital, saying, "German tanks are surrounding Prague from all sides." The patriots had announced by radio from Prague at midnight that "Prague is in Czech hands," but less than three hours later the German high command for Bohemia and Moravia broadcast, also from Prague, that "irresponsible Czech elements in Prague are disturbing order In Prague and are using the radio transmitter." Shortly before the German broadcast, the patriots made an urgent radio appeal for the Allies to send them troops, tanks and planes quickly. The German broadcast said the patriots "are spreading rumors which do not conform with facts" Continued on page eight (See B) governmental Improvement, recreation, public health and welfare, housing, education, industry, trade expansion, transportation and communications. Committees to Conduct Forums Each of these sub-committees will conduct public forums in its respective field to obtain the opinions and recommendations of the citizens.

This public thinking will be merged with the research of the sub-committees and reported to the central steering committee which will appraise it and compile a master plan. This plan, after approval by all the subcommittees, will represent a plan for the future development of Tallahassee and Leon county. Many years ago Leon County was the center of a rich, productive agricultural area, often re ferred to as the "breadbasket of Florida." At the present time Leon county does not produce enough food for its own needs and has to Import a large part Army Reveals Discharge Plans Two-Thirds Combat Units To Come Through US WASHINGTON, May 5, The army announced today its V-E redeployment-demobilization plans, including provisions for the discharge of about 2,000,000 men during the next year. The war department statement said: believe that a program which gives. us an army of 8,968,000 in 12 months Jrom now will provide an adequate force to defeat Japan t- "ri About 2,000,000 men 'ill be re turned to civilian life during the next 12 months.

Of these, about 1,332,000 will be surplus troops and the remainder dischargees for physical and other reasons. About-two-thirds of the com bat units will come through the United States en route to the Pacific and have furloughs. The larger proportion of service troops urgently needed In the Pacific will go there directly. Transportation even with the 800 transport planes being used, will not get the last of the men who are to be discharged back to the United States before 12 months. The army's detailed announce ment said that the joint chiefs of staff, made up of the commanders of the army, navy and air forces, after consultation with General MacArthur and Admiral Nimitz, had arrived at a preliminary esti mate of the troops and eauipment needed to crush Japan in the shortest possible time and with the least cost in American lives.

Quiet VE Day Is Requested After announcement of VE day, all people of Leon county are asked to remain at places of business and carry on operations as usual, Yancey, chairman of the county Defense Council, said today. The Defense Council request conforms to statements concerning VE day celebrations made by President Truman and the state Defense Council. "A general celebration will only distract from the war effort and be of benefit to no one," Yancey stated. Churches are asked to open their doors on the day designated by the President, so that' people may stop for prayer, No general program will be sponsored on VE day by the De fense Council. Underground Informs PARIS, May 5, (P) Prince Bernhard of the Netherlands said members of the underground had Informed him German troops shot into crowds of civilians celebrat ing the surrender of western Hoi land, that many casualties were Inflicted, and that the explana tion would be demanded of Col Gen Johannes Blaskowitz.

the enemy commander. Co German Gamps Fo Brutal Too Horrible to Be Told, Newspaper Editors Say PARIS. May 5, A commission of American newspaper edi- ed the "inescapable" conclusion after personal Investigation that German political prison camps were operated on a "master plan of calculated and organized brutality." The 18 editors signing the report declared they had "convincing proof" that "sadistic tortures too horrible and too perverted to be publicly described" were embraced, in the Nazi "system" of operating these camps, and "murder was a commonplace" In the camps. We have visited and sperjfc con siderable time investigating the prison camps at Buchenwald and Dachau. The conclusion Is inescapable that the Nazis had a master plan for their political prison camps.

That plan was based upon a policy of calculated and organized bru tality. The evidence we have seen is not a mere assembling of local or unassociated incidents. It is convincing proof that brutality was the basic Nazi system and method. Actual Nazi methods ran the gamut from deliberate starv ation and routine beatings to sadistic tortures too horrible and too perverted to be publicly ie- scribed. Murder was a common' place.

Prisoners whose only crime was that they disagreed or were sus pected of disagreeing with the Nazi philosophy were treated with uniform cruelty. This we is the inexorable consequence of the whole Nazi-German philosophy. By this philosophy and the Continued on page eight (See D) Students Work Putting, Out By BARBARA BESS The fictional newspaper office smoke filled, noisy, a scene of confusion came to life for students of the FSCW journalism department when they worked from early Saturday morning till late at night on their annual edition of the Sunday Democrat and then remained until early this morning to see the finished product roll off the press. Every one of the more than 60 students had been hoping ever since May 5 was set as the date for putting out the paper that the V-E story would break on that day, and it was only when printers and linotype operators were closing shop after a long day's work that hopes were finally abandoned. Several times during the day falsaxumori drifted in.

llapses inspected by the city park de partment and the" collapse oc curred when three of the supports sank 18 inches Into the ground softened by heavy rains. There was no default in the bleachers themselves, said Yancey, city manager. According to facts compiled from the police department, Johnson Hospital, the attending physicians and the families of the injured, injured are: Mrs Edith Haber, the most seriously injured who suffered a compound fracture and dislocation of the right ankle and a fracture of bones just below both knees; Charlotte Landrum, bruised left hip and ankle and skin abralsons above ankle; Jack Demetree, lef leg fracture; Harvelene Annis, leg abrasions; Barbara Jean King, bruised right ankle and skin abrasions above ankle; Mrs Hiles, ankle abrasions; Mrs Gene Fitchner, bruised right knee; Maud Posey, slight abrasions on right lower leg; Holley Herring, abrasions and bruises on legs; and Barbara Ann Barineau, smashed toes. Ambulances were called at once and first aid given to the injured who were then removed to Johnson Hospital. Dr Paul Coughlin and Dr Edward Annis were the attending physicians.

Mrs Frances Mays, a nurse from FSC, gave first aid at the scene of the There were about 500 people in the stand when the accident occurred. This was the first time there has been an accident since the town started the celebrations over a hundred years ago, Mr Yancey said. British Troops Drive Into Danish Capital COPENHAGEN, May 5, British troops drove into the heart of the Danish capital tonight amid thunderous cheers from happy Danes mixed with sporadic rifle fire from a small nest of over-excited Germans awaiting surrender. German troops fired on the British and Danish patriot forces after the latter thad fired their rifles Into the air to celebrate the arrival of the British. The Germans apparently thought they were being attacked.

Naval Surrender NEW YORK, May 5 CBS quoted the Swiss radio tonight as reporting that the German Medi terranean fleet had surrendered unconditionally. Post-War Plans Being Set Up By City Steering Committee By GLORIA REED 1 Tallahassee and Leon county as the seat of Florida's government a 18 a district interested In its own future development Is now setting up blueprints for postwar improvements. For many months the steering committee of a general Post-War Planning committee organized by the Chamber of Commerce, has been meeting regularly for the purpose of setting up the machinery with which to carry out these post-war plans. Careful analysis of the steering committee of George White, chairman; Al Block, vice-chairman; Davenport, secretary; Keene, Midyette and Thomas King, resulted in the division of this program into 14 classifications, each for special study and the selection of 14 sub-committees to provide leadership for community-wide participation tn these studies. These sub-committees are: agriculture, beautification, capltol centei and state institutions, public works, historical restoration.

Continued on page eight (See Ai.