The Ogden Standard-Examiner from Ogden, Utah • 36

7 THE OGDEN STA AWT) PXAMTNER SUNDAY HORNING NOVEMBER 9 19S sforMsrmm nuAn s7 4 a ffX 4 Jl yum At Left You See a Reconstructed Figure of a Giant Dinosaur aa It Appeared Millions of Years Ago Compare Its Prodigious With the Figure of the Man Also Notice Its Small Head Which Container a Small and Feeble Brain 'A Ti i ') f-' 'I yjr i wVi -I 'W A A T'i MM -i- Nfr 'Ml! J5 1 1 1- i ihu 1 ixu 7 i i ml y- rm i if! i I wr' ill! s- '-y i i SJ wyv 1 A J' vv i rn i a x) -J VV- i rzrffc 'V 1 i I jX yX I i if i YiY i Xbji vf I'w t-r-tl v-'Ui Y'j v4 7 A A I -K v-A I i- I IS A I been one of ancient unsolved mysteries Who the Moundbuilders were whence they came and why they vanished constitute a hidden chapter of the past It is already known that they had a civilization high in many respects But the discovery of coins in the West Virginia grave is believed to be the first proof of anything resembling a monstary system among them The size of the skeleton which was that of a man about eiht feet in height is even more significant It is true that primitive peoples always worshiped physical perfection But eight-footers judging from findings were by no means uncommon Persistent study has failed to determine whence such people probably came whether from the East or the West from Europe to Asia All they Vf i i n'a1 The Once Mighty Dinosaur Is Now Only a Relic The Bones of This Prehistoric Giant Were Taken From a Quarry in Utah Here They Are Being Assembled for the Carnegie Museum Undef the Direction of Dr Gidley Who Stands in the Foreground- rf I 1 1 i I I i SjJ lj i The Ancestor of the Possum Was Smart Enough to Outwit Its Gigantic Ancient Rivals But This One on the End of the Stick is Helpless Before the Greater Human Brain Miss Emma Laurie Wesley Shows How to Carry a Possum Prom the Hunt to the Kitchen 0NCL upon a oh several million years there flourished in North America the mighty dinosaur and the tiny ancestor of the possum But as the aeons passed the dinosaur gradually disappeared from the earth and the possums increased in number Today the tiny animals are to be found alive in many parts of the world but the dinosaurs fire only lifeless skeletons whose bones have been -pieced together arid erected in museums The recent discovery for the first time in America of eggs of the dinosaur ha3 enabled scientists to answer at last the perplexing question: Why did dinosaurs become extinct after populating and dominating the whole earth The reason is to found In the superior brain of the little ancestor for while it was physically helpless it could think better and faster than its giant rivals And by gradually stealing and consuming all the dinosaur eggs it could find the possum succeeded df- ter thousands of years in wiping the reptilian monsters out of existence The eggs were discovered near Red Lodge southern Montana close beside the bones and teeth of a mammal by Dr Glenn Jepsen director of the Scott Fund Expedition sent from Princeton University This was the second authenticated find of dinosaur eggs in the world The first were found in Mongolia by Roy Andrews of the American Museum of Natural History The Mongolian eggs nearly a foot long each at first were pronounced 10000-000 years old This estimate later was raised to 95000000 years after scientists had checked the radioactivity of the minerals which turned them to stone iv In Montana Dr Jepsen found a number of broken remains of eggs in fragments more than an A inch in diameter Their age was estimated at trillions of years but are believed to Above Members Digging Up Mammoth of Years Ago and Foreleg Can fits George Olsen- Scientist Willi the Roy Oiimman Andrews Expedition Into Mongolia in the Photo at Right Is Examining the Dinosaur Eggs Found Imbedded in Sandstone and Laid by Mother Dinosaurs in the Gobi Desert Long Ago Note How the Egg the Scientist Is Holding -Compares With the Size of His Hand i II 1 of an Expedition Are Shown the Fossil Remains of a Giant Which Roamed the Earth Millions The Size of the Huge Shoulder of This Animal Shown at Right Appreciated by Comparing It With the Figure of the Man J7 i 1 j( Y- I 11 6 1 1 1 I I I be younger than the Mongolian eggs The fragments resemble those found in Mongolia in several particulars both occurring in closely similar geologic forma tion The American ones were discovered in an upper lance formation which was deposited in Upper Cretaceous times (Upper Cretaceous is the end of a period which geologists estimate as beginning about 125000000 years ago and lasting about 50000000 years Thus the Montana eggs might be according to scientists 75000000 years old) -v-' v' "'A- The broken remains found by the Scott Fund Expedition are rough and L- -i i I il is pi I Si I I i if i Compare this rather imposing sight with the possum (scientifically called opposum) a member 'of the family Didelphyidae The possum today varies from the size of a mouse to that of a large cat with a long nose ear3 and tail know i3 that there were in those Out of all these facts some bewildering some illuminating one point seems to stand out i that the race has gone to the species of fittest brains The £reat dinosaurs to the keen pitted' These charac- teristics belong also to i the Mongolian ones But whereas the American eggs are black the Mongolian eggs are reddish-brown Equally important was the finding near I the eggs of a small i tooth of an apparently contemporary animal a mammal possibly of the possum family That is why the 'scientists believe that the dinosaurs were wiped out by a brainy rival For inammals while comparatively had larger brains than the dinosaurs which were reptiles despite their legs various horns armor plate claws and teeth i This theory of competition from some higher form of intelligence has been a favorite theory with science to account for the extinction of the dino- i gaurs Mammals such as the ancestors had heretofore been left out of picture because evidence of their beginnings was found mostly in a' later age Indeed the assumption long had been that in line with the theory of evolution there were no mammals in existence when the reptilian monsters dominated the earth -This new discovery however explodes that theory i As long ago as 1905 however i Ray Lankester director of the Natural History Departments of the British Museum offered the theory that regarding the extinction of the reptilian giants which coincides with Ah recent findings For a time he point: out the dinosaurs (which included all the great reptilian monsters of the learth) occupied the same sort of place which in a later period was filled by i such great mammals as elephants rhinoceroses and giraffes i in spite of theur huge he says dinosaurs had very tiny brains In fact it is figured thev had brains one-eighth the bulk of living mammals av--: some the head itself was ridiculously small according to our notions of customary proportion and even in others such as Tricaratops where the bony and muscular parts of the head were big yet tbebrain was incredibly small -v'A probribly this small size of the brain of great extinct monsters has to do with the fact of their ceasing to exist Animals with bigger and ever increasing brains outdid them in the struggle for Scientists have been able to study the size of the dinosaur brain as a result of many discoveries In the United States alone thirty different kinds of these monsters have been found their 1 bones collected and reconstructed The Iguanodon was the first dinosaur to be discovered It stood on its hind legs like a kangaroo Footprints slabs of sandstone once soft wet sand indicate it ran on the hind feet only touching the ground now and then with its short front feet Most of the dinosaurs however had similar characteristics Science knows little about their although it is believed this was smooth and with only small horny scales on it as in many Often however they and crests growing out Naturally it might be supposed that intelligence of the little possums The the dinosaurs could have quickly powerful human giants disappeared and tn their place rose men of less physical' stature but with increasing brain power 4 Perhaps the importance of brains in evolution was set forth appropriately by Dr Lankester when in summing up stamped the little possum tout of existence But it is likely that the brainy animal after many hundreds of years discovered a weakness in the armor of the 'giant that the latter had little or no brains The dinosaur it seems id nt think of protecting its eggs Unlike the turtle of today for instance it hide the eggs in a hole in the ground the battle of reptilian monsters mammal intelligence he wrote: seems that a small brain may serve very well to guide the great animal machine in established ways but in It left them in the open assuming that order to learn new things in its own I I 1 7(4 Ar I AVWV -7 because it dominated the earth no other creature would dare interfere with the But the possum 5 probably decided that stealing the eggs would serve two purposes: it would provide food and also gradually wipe the dinosaurs out of existence Scientists believe that this bit of burglary on the part of the pcsum probably went on for millions of Jtears at last there a dinosaur of any kind left millions of years later came man whose superior brain dominated everything on the earth Incidentally an interesting discovery of a giant human skeleton in a mound in West Virginia was made recently by a group of University of Pennsylvania geologists This find is particularly significant For the skeleton besides being surrounded by crude jewelry and stone implements and what must have lifetime an animai must have a bij brain indeed a very big brain And the kind of animal which can that is to say can be educated will in the long run beat the kind which has too small a brain to be capable of The statement of Dr Jepsen which led to the ultimate deduction that the stupendous dinosaur had bowed to the insignificant possum throws some light on the caution with which newsof discoveries of this kind are given) to the public It betrays modesty arid the characteristic scientific passion for con- servatism j- find of unusual said Dr epsen in close proximity to the egg fragments was the tooth of a new type of primitive animat The importance of this discovery is that manual remain? found in formations of Cretaceous time are extremely rare The great development of the mammals been woven coverings was buried with began in the lower Tertiary- the copper and bronze coins having unde- period succeeding the cipherable inscriptions Eggs bones and the The mounds of the Ohio Valley have story Here Are Some of the Huge' But Broken Eggs of the Mighty Dinosaur Found by Itoy Chapman Andrews in the Gobi Desert Mongolia Many of Them Are More Than a Foot Long Similar Fggs Were Found by the Scott Fund 'Expedition of Princeton University in Southern' Montana Recently Jwspapr Teat irs Bervica' H3fc living lizards hacl great horns of the skin A.