Hamilton Evening Journal from Hamilton, Ohio • Page 19

A A I A HAMILTON EVENING JOURNAL SATURDAY, APRIL 17, 1926 A I Putting RADIO at WORK to TRAP THIEVES 1 of the great manufacturing plants in Germany recently adopted the most modern of methods of putting an end to the thievery by dishonest employees of small but valuable pieces of metal. This factory, long a victim of such thefts, which, in the aggregate, amounted to hundreds of thousands of dollars, finally was enabled to dispense with the necessity of making a search by hand of the entire working force and mechanical processes of examination Although such methods can be devised, they require apparatus entirely too expensive and are ineffective to produce the desired certainty of results. Two German scientists, Drs. Geffchen and Richter, of Leipzig, developed an electrical apparatus by means of which, without any physical contact, it is possible to make an effective search of every person leaving the premises; and to determine with certainty, and instantaneously, whether he is carrying with him any object of a metallic nature. This examination is effected by the change of pitch in a telephone headset, which is worn by the person who is charged with the duty of carrying out the inspection.

The procedure, as Dr. K. Schuett explains it in Radio News; is as follows: The workmen leave the factory grounds through a wicket- gate as shown in the illustration, which was drawn from a photograph of the main exit of a German factory where the apparatus described is in successful operation. The wicket, or framework surrounding the gate through which the workmen must pass in single file, is constructed to enclose and support a coil of many turns of insulated copper wire-the "gate coil" shown in the diagram of the circuit on this page. A condenser, C3 in the diagram, is so adapted to the coil that they form an oscillating circuit inductively cou- pled to a circuit containing a generator of audio-frequency currents (No.

1). This circuit is brought to oscillation in the same manner that the carrier- waves of radio broadcast stations, with their higher frequency, act upon a radio receiving set tuned to a critical point. The number of oscillations per second (the frequency) in such a closed circuit depends upon: first, the size of the condenser and its consequent capacity; and second, upon the size of the coil, or more properly, upon its inductance. If the latter is increased by adding more turns, the frequency is diminished, the oscillations-will fall to a lower frequency, and consequently a telephone receiver connected in the oscillating circuit will give a note of proportionately The inductance of the coil can also be increased if a piece of iron, steel or other metal is introduced within it, because this, makes an alteration in the lines of magnetic force emitted from the coil. This principle, the use of which in the construction of transformers is familiar to all constructors of radio sets, is utilized in the detecting apparatus connected to the gate coil to learn whether those who pass through it have any metallic substance concealed on their persons.

It will be'obvious that the change effected in the inductance of the coil by a piece of metal which is small in size in comparison with the dimensions of the electrified wicket gate may be practically nil. It may be often as small as one- AUDIO FREQUENCY GENERATOR AUDIO FREQUENCY GENERATOR N2.2 Diagram of the WEAR Your UMBRELLA As a HAT Uft--The Hat Cover Inflated to Form an Umbrella. Centre--Top View of the Umbrella- iHat Inflated. Lower Eight--The Umbrella Deflated. L- LAS can worn like a hatl This has been made possible by the invention of an inflatable hat cover, designed to serve in lieu of an umbrella.

The device has been recently patented by Mario Bontempi, of New York. A tubular ring is of size and shape to fit around a hat, just above the brim. It is of rubber, and from it radiate hollow rubber ribs which are connected together by a web of rubberized fabric. Fastened to the ring is a cap-shaped piece of the same kind of fabric which fits over the hat. It is obvious that when the ring and ribs are inflated with air, thereby incidentally causing the encircling web to stand stiffly outward on all sides, the wearer will be sheltered.

Inflation of the device is accomplished by blowing it up with the breath, through a rubber tube. To deflate it the user pushes the knob of the plunger a unseats the valve. "Radio Detective." of one per cent. The resulting change in the pitch of the note heard in the telephone set would in this case be entirely too small to be detected without the aid of some further electrical appliance. This, however is provided in the following ingenious manner: In a second oscillating circuit, connected with another generator of audio-frequency impulses (No.

2), oscillations are Drought about having almost the same frequency as those produced in the circuit connected to the gate coil. Now, if these two series of oscillations are caused to act simultaneously upon the telephone, with proper adjustment, a note is produced in the telephone differing in pitch from both. It is a great deal lower. This phenomenon The Radio Detective at Work. As the Employees Pass in Single File Through the Gate the Hidden Coil of the Wireless Watchman Indicates by a Change in the Tone of the Sounds Produced in the Earphones Worn by the Attendant the Presence of Any Metal Object That May Be Concealed on the Person of Any of the Workmen.

is akin to that produced by playing two aorgan notes of low pitch which do not harmohize; the resulting measuring the differences of their frequencies. What happens is that a wave at one of its amplitudes (highest points) is weakened by the second sound wave, and at another amplitude is strengthened by it, so that the times at which the sound strikes most forcibly upon the ear occur at greater intervals; and this produces the effect of a greatly lowered pitch. The periodicity of the beats, which constitutes their pitch, becomes, of course, highest as the frequencies of the two sound waves tend to become equal, and it falls with great rapidity when their difference ia very slightly increased. Thus, two circuits of the detector apparatus are tuned to bring about a beat of definite pitch and then a piece of metal is intro 1 duced into the gate coil, the frequency of the gate-coil is lowered. The result is that the beats heard in the telephone suddenly change in pitch; and they revert to the original sound only when the piece of metal is again removed from the field of the coil.

In the accompanying illustration the apparatus, with the amplifiers which produce the audio- frequency oscillations, is shown at the right standing on the window ledge. The attendant beside it wears the telephone headset, which is connected to the two circuits as described and notes the change of sound, if any, as each man DISTILLED WATER for DRINKING SCULPTURES Now MADE in SOAP A exhibition of soap sculpture is to be an annual affair at tho Art Centre in New York City. Twelve hundred works of art in this novel medium were displayed at a recent show, and schools all over the country have taken up the idea with irtterest It is thought, indeed, to be highly educational and calculated to encourage the development of artistic talent among children and young people. They are invited to send in their sculptures, in competition for money prizes, and instructions will be forwarded to them on application. When desired their art works will be returned to them, safely packed.

White soap is cheap. Any child can obtain it. It is much cleaner and more agreeable to work with than clay; it cuts with sharpness and the fashioned product has a fine "tone." Many of the aoap sculptures shown at the recent exhibition in New York were really admirable. The prizes ranged from $10 to $25 for competitors fifteen years old or younger; from $25 to $75 for those from fifteen to twenty-one and $100 to $800 for professional, artists. The simple tools recommended for use are a penknife, a wire hairpin and two orangewood sticks such as are employed for manicuring finger nails.

On the end of one of the orangewood stlcKa is to be securely fastened the hairpin (with a small wire wound about), its bent end left protruding half an inch. This bent end, sharpened with a file, makes a first-rate scraper and smoother. The two ends of the other stick will serve all other "sculping" purposes. It is thought that work of this kind In white soap may serve really to stimulate interest in sculpture and so prove to be of worthwhile ad- vantage to art. ISTILLED water is now being used for drinking purposes.

Physicians say that there can be no question about the safety of this kind of drinking water, provided it is prepared and handled under strictly sanitary precautions. water, Victor C. Vaughn warns in Hygeia, may be contaminated by unclean bottles or soiled hands on the part of those engaged in marketing it. Moreover, it may be contaminated by cooling with infected ice. Its insipid taste, of which some complain, can be obviated by aeration, but this must be done under sanitary- precautions; otherwise it Is no longer bacteria- free when it reaches the consumer.

"Distilled water has no gerniicida! action," says Mr. Vaughn. "Disease-producing bacteria may not only live in.it but may multiply, at least for a short time. So far as the infectious diseases are concerned it has no advantage over boiled water, though it is superior in the elimination of organic matter and inorganic salts. In other words, boiled water is bacteriologically pure, while distilled water is pure both bacterio- logically and chemically.

In this particular the verdict must be in favor of distilled water. Besides, there is a satisfaction in drinking a water that is both bacteriologically and chemically pure. "The claim that drinking water, especially that for children, should contain calcium salts is not justified by either observation or experiment. These essential constituents of bone, teeth and other tissues are contained in properly selected foods. This statement should not be taken as a condemnation of all mineral waters under all circumstances.

That certain laxative waters have medicinal virtue cannot be denied, but this does riot apply to ordinary conditions. "That goiter is due to mineral waters, especially in limestone districts, was long believed, but is not now held to be true. It hag been quite conclusively shown that goiter is not due to the presence of any constituent of water, but to the absence of iodine. Therefore, the substitution of distilled water for the public supply will not prevent goiter, and, as far as I know, no such claim has recently been made by any authority. "It is not likely that distilled water will ever be used for city supplies.

The cost would be prohibitive. Quite naturally those who sell distilled waters magnify the dangers of waters containing small amounts of inorganic salts. I know of no city supply in this country in which such constituents constitute a menace to health." passes. The degree of sensitivenss to the presence of metal attained by the use of this apparatus is astonishing. Even watches and keys can be detected with certainty; in practice tile apparatus would be set to an adjustment, a little less than critical, so that the smaller bits of metal need not cause signals in the phones.

To prevent the purpose of the detector being defeated by the presence of lunch pails, thermos flasks or other property of the workmen, a shelf is provided at the side of the wicket, as shown. The employee leaves any metal articles' before passing through the wicket, and then returns to get them before leaving through the main gate. If the detector shows the presence of an undue amount of metal on a person passing through the gate, he may be then searched with more care. A small "searching coil" is provided for this purpose which acts on a similar principle to the larger circuit. By moving this coil over the body of the person searched, the location of any piece of metal is determined accurately in an instant.

This auxiliary coil may be made so sensitive that it will respond with certainty not only to coins in the pockets, but also to the presence of a stick-pin in the cravat or of metal fillings in the teeth; and that without actually aliy coming in contact with the person thus searched. A DEVICE for Making DIMPLES IS safe to say that dimples will never go out of style; the girl who has them will always be envied by others of her sex. The dimpled elbow is esteemed notably attractive. One used WHAT the INVENTORS Are DOING A Sculpture Made of White Soap. The Tools Used for This Work Are a Penknife, Wire Hairpin and Two Orangewood Manicuring Sticks A DEVICE for bracing chairs consists of a contrivance which pulls the legs of chairs toward one another.

This fastened at the inner corners of all the legs and exerts a direct pull where the seat and legs of the chair join by means of twisting a turnbuckle which Is connected to the four inner corners of tho legs. This brace is equally adaptable to other piecea of furniture, such as tables, chiffoniers, beds and the like, and it insures the life of furniture at low cost, preventing splitting of the wood, rocking and shakiness. A unique watch chain fastener slides on the belt. The cross bar of a watch chain slips under a raised part of the fastener and lies next to the belt. The same chain used when the watch is in the vest thus can be employed when the watch is canned in a trousers' pocket.

The fastener is adaptable for all styles of chains. i The scooter-bike, which is a cross between a scooter and a bicycle, has rubber tires, a spring bicycle seat and handlebars. The rear wheel is free, while a hand brake is provided for the front wheel. An adjustable seat permits the bike to with the child. A special motion picture title machine em- todies an illuminated glass letter principle.

The title is made of a series of interlocking clear glass letters, much on the order of illuminated letters employed in electrical signs. These arc set up to comply with the necessary copy and photographed by means of a powerful light behind the letters. Nmptrxr swriM, 192ft. The Dimple-Maker, Which Consists of a Resilient Wire Bow Having Blunt Pegs at Each End. When This Device Is Placed in Position as Shown in the Upper Part of the Drawing the Pegs Are Pressed into Each Check to Form a Dimple.

to hear of dimpled knees and now they may be seen. But a dimpled chin is charming and dimples in the cheeks are delightful contributions to beauty. Why should not any young woman, desirous of enhancing her looks, have a dimple in each cheek? No reason at all, if she will avail herself of a simple appliance newly patented by Evangeline I. Gilbert. The dimple-maker consists of a wire- "bow," wrapped with a coil of fine wire to give it resiliency.

It carries at its ends two pegs (so to call them), shaped somewhat like the peg of a spinning-top but blunt. The in-turned ends of the bow hold the pegs pointed inwardly, toward each other. Connected to the- pegs are wire hooks, to be passed over and behind the ears of the user. When the hooks arc thus passed over the ears, with the' bow encircling the chin beneath the lower lip, the pegs contact with the cheeks at tha points where the dimples are desired, proper adjustment of them being made by bending tha ear-hooks suitably. The resilient bow holds the pegs with a firm yet yielding pressure against the cheeks, indenting them and thereby producing dimples.

Tho length of time required varies with different persons, but ordinarily, according to the inventor, if the appliance be worn during the night, dimples will be in evidences the next day. Why Sailors Suffer from Many Fevers EVERS have always been the most lent and important of the diseases of seafaring men, but under this convenient term have been included illnesses of many different sorts. The advance of medicine in the last 30 years, particularly in the differentiation and recognition of diseases, has shown how many illnesses aboard slrip are due to tropical disease, and especially to malaria. Prof. 1C.

Sannemann iliustratt'3 this from his experience at the port of Hamburg. Ke found that, between 1908 and 1914, one-seventh of the medical cases coming ho his notice on ships arriving at Hamburg were malarial, two-thirds of them from Wsst Africa, one-eighth from tho.Caribhean Soa. Of the malarial cases 86 died and 2,125 were received into hospitals. Gases are not so frequent now as they were before, the war, the Lancet points out, for quinine prophylaxis has become familiar botli to owners and to sailors. doctors report improving results for, though prevention is not absolute, cases are fewer und slighter, and time through illness is reduced.

That time-wasting tropical disease, dengue, with on shipboard. Doctors should, Prof. Sannemann thinks, not be put in charge of ships to th- tropics unless they have had a course in a school of tropical medicine. 1.