The Sheboygan Press from Sheboygan, Wisconsin • Page A2

PAGE 2A THE SHEBOYGAN PRESS 632 Center Avenue Sheboygan WI 53081 Office hours: 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday elivery Deadlines: Monday through Friday, 6:30 a.m., Saturday and Sunday, 8 a.m. www.sheboyganpress.com Circulation ustomer Service For paper delivery issues and other ervice-related questions, call 1-877-424-5639 Delivery deadlines ou can report a delivery concern, make a payment, or put a temporary hold on our newspaper anytime day or night henever most convenient for you! If you cannot reach your carrier, you can all 877-424-5639 to use the automated system, email a customer service epresentative at oyganpress.com, or access your account online at www.sheboygan- ress.com/cs. If you have questions regarding your subscription account, a ustomer service representative will be available to assist from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.

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For more information, contact 1-877-424-5639. ingle Copy Daily unday The Sheboygan Press accepts Visa, MasterCard, Discover and American Express. Key Contacts President, Scott Johnson, 431-8502, Editor, Jason Smathers, 453-5167 News Contacts If you have a news tip, use the following list of contacts: News Photo Klein, 453-5149 Advertising Contacts Regional Sales Director, Lowell Johnson, 453-5109, ett.com To reach an advertising representative about a display ad, call 453-5155. To place a classified ad, call 1-888-774-7744. All classified ads are subject to the applicable rate card, copies of which are available from our Advertising Dept.

All ads are subject to approval efore publication. Sheboygan Press Media reserves the right to edit, refuse, reject, classify or ancel any ad at any time. Errors must be reported in the first day of publica- ion. Sheboygan Press Media shall not be liable for any loss or expense that esults from an error in or omission of a advertisement. No refunds for early cancellation of order.

he Sheboygan Press is published daily and Sunday. Periodicals postage paid at Sheboygan WI 53081. Postmaster: Send address changes to he Sheboygan Press, 632 Center Sheboygan WI 53081. The Sheboygan Press is a member of the Audit Bureau of Circulation. opyright 2016 ISN 0749-7121 Volume 208 AGannett Newspaper It is the policy of The Press to correct all errors as soon as possible.

If you notice an error, please contact Jason Smathers by phone at (920) 453-5167 or jsmathers1 corrections CARRIER NEEDED is looking for early morning delivery carriers in Sheboygan, Oostburg, Kohler, Kiel and Sheboygan Falls. Carriers must be at least 18 years of age with a valid license and auto insurance. If interested please call (920) 453-5160 or (920) 453-5164 did One day, a fellow black coworker was beat up in the bathroom before Joe saw him running across the machine floor. He went to physically defend the man a decision that resulted in him and the man being fired, accord- i ng to Joe. That was two weeks after his first day.

The job even outlast the temporary living a the YMCA Hayssen rovided. He had two ore weeks to live there for free. Joe met a woman there, who was white, who would become his wife ary. Those last two weeks were the beginning a courtship that lasted several months before oe was drafted for service. He noted that he was stopped by police both be- ore and after he was ired.

But according to oe, leave him alone when they found out he was employed. get stopped here, topped Joe said. I never knew about (sun- own towns) at the time. I see it immediately, Ijust was wondering, are they doing this? Why do I have to be out of ere at Was Sheboygan a undown town? Census data dating back to 1860 shows that he black population of heboygan did not reach ouble-digits until 1970, peaking with nine in 1910. Through the 1920s and 30s, there were no black esidents in Sheboygan, with one in the 1940 cen- us and eight in the 1950 census.

According to research by Professor James W. Loewen, who taught race elations for 20 years at the University of Vermont, there is evidence to suggest Sheboygan may have been a a place where eople of color were forced to leave the city after sunset. Loewen compiled an online map allowing people to find out more about the racial history of their towns, identifying thousands of likely and confirmed sundown towns a cross the U.S. Sheboygan is labeled as having possible sundown status. It is unknown whether there was a ordinance or sign spec ifically prohibiting black eople from staying, but the testimonials he lists indicate a certain amount of racial animus.

oewen received a report of a black social orker from state office who had to tay at a smaller hotel outside of Sheboygan in 1976 because she stay in main hot el. ther testimonies to oewen showed similar patterns. recall being told when I moved to Sheboy- an in August 1970 that in revious years blacks had ot been allowed to stay in the city overnight. There was no generalized policy in that regard by 1970, but Isuppose the one-time prohibit ion might have been carried on informally. lived on the south side initially and later on the southwest, most- in the working-class ection.

And I saw no evi- ence of blacks being prohibited per se, that the black population was quite low. We had a black mailman between 1970 and 1 975, but at the junior high school I taught at in those years, also on the south (side), I recall any black Loewen aid he was told by Donovan Walling, a former Sheboygan resident, in 2002. testimonies are remembered, second- a ry accounts. The Sheboygan Press archives also tell a story of discriminatory local discourse and policy. The very rumor of a sundown ordinance prompted then-Mayor John Bolgert in 1959 to outright deny that Sheb oygan had any sundown laws.

He cited as proof that black people were able to live in the city when they were playing aseball for the local min or league team. The ame story reported a local pastor as saying there was no prejudice toward black people because here were none here. Four years later in Sept ember 1963, Professor Spencer Hildahl, then hair of the sociology department at Lakeland College, spoke to the Sheboygan Evening Optimist lub about welcoming into the city. Negroes are coming to Sheboygan just as surely as Christmas is coming next Hildahl aid. have to assume, hether people accept he fact or not, that Sheboygan is going to have a population that includes Negroes and other minority groups in the not too istant ne of the unnamed Optimists present asserted that an ordinance existed that prohibited black people from living in Sheb oygan.

The same Optimist ass erted that present city officials deny that Sheboygan has an ordinance preventing Negroes from iving in Sheboygan. But, he claimed, Sheboygan a dopted such an ordinance in 1887 no Negroes will be housed in Sheboygan and it is still on the the Press reported. Confirming ordinances or signs that explicitly ave a town sundown status is difficult because or- inances are revised and ecodified. The city office as only two old ordinance books, both of which were from 1976. ne of those has been updated.

The city office has a 1975 book that as updated in 1998 and a 1965 copy that was updated in 1975. The Sheboygan County Historical Research Center also has a 1928 copy of the ordinances, but it is abridged. No such ordinance is mentioned in any of those copies. Even if the ordinance never officially was on the books, it is still possible that sundown policy was institutionalized here, according to Loewen. typically difficult or impossible to actually find copies of the ordi- ances.

Matter of a fact, most towns, you might ask the clerk to show you the double-parking he said. bet they find that, but if you double-park going to get a ticket. So the issue typically is many sundown towns never ven claimed to have passed an Legalized iscrimination: The 1 968 Housing Even if there was no specific sundown ordinance, discrimination was occasionally on the ooks. On Monday Oct. 7, 1968 four years after he federal Civil Rights Act was passed the Sheb oygan Common Council passed an ordinance in a 15-0 vote that banned housing discrimination ith two exemptions.

eligious organiza- ions could discriminate based on religious reasons and owners of owner- occupied two-family omes could discriminate i rentals on the bases of race, color, religion or national The first exemption was narrowly added back into the ordinance after a otion to do so narrowly assed in an 8 to 7 vote. It had been deleted two weeks before the final vote by the Committee of the Whole. Alderpersons a lso rejected 11-4 a last- itch effort to delete the econd exemption from the ordinance. The State of Wisconsin had already passed a fair ousing statute in 1966, but it had several exempt ions as well, which left it to cover only about 25 percent of housing in the state, according to an April 1966 Press article. In that article, local leaders were urging the Common Council to pass a fair ousing, open occupancy ordinance to ensure min orities who came to Sheb oygan were not confined to a city I the months following the passage, several local organi- ations including the Sheboygan County Council of Churches and the Sheboy- an City of Elm Amvets Post 18 called for the exemptions to be deleted.

The fight was mainly over the religious exemption, not the one that allowed for racial discrimination in shared dwellings. And in February of 1969, a motion to remove just the religious exemption was defeated. The ordinance exemptions were legal until state laws, fed- eral laws and court decisions made the exemptions illegal, according to aJanuary 1976 Press article. no negroes here after Those instances of discrimination were epitomized when Joe and Mary were relaxing one night outside of the same YMCA. That was when one police officer made the situation clear to him.

I was parked with Mary, we were having popcorn and root beer. Because of the humidity the back windows fogged up, ou know, And all of a sud- en this cop knocks on the ack window and like, he said, bet he thinks making out or She was driving because I have license. And just laughing. I rolled down he window and said, Ihelp looking in the back of the ou guys doing the fficer said. I said, ust having a (He responded) not supposed to be drinking in the I said, rying to be he officer was not a mused and continued by asking Joe and Mary where they lived.

Mary told the officer her address and Joe said he lived a the YMCA. The officer a sked him where he worked and Joe explained he had recently been laid off. said, then you ot to get out of I aid, me? Why do I have to Joe said. said, have Negroes here after And when I went, The officer went on to ell him it was city law that no could be in town, unless they had a job. That was when Joe moved back to Milwaukee.

degree In 2008, years after Joe irst met Mary at the MCA, they moved back to Sheboygan. oe spent 34 years in Milwaukee as a plumber, with Mary working at var- i ous locations over the years. parents and his only remaining broth- all died within 90 days of each other, all of whom lived in Milwaukee. They moved here to take care of mother. That was when Joe retired and started volunteering.

He said it was also when he noticed the police are more approachable. degrees (difference). You can talk with them. You can joke with them. You can say something smart with them, you know I am he said.

like when you were a little kid and a cop gave you bubble gum and a baseball card. what it feels You just feel happy when you see them and grateful for what they Joe said he appreciates how different the policies and the police are today. go from being icked out of town to working for the Joe said. think pretty Joe said he never held a nger or animosity tow ard the police depart- ent. In the he thought the law was the law and the officers were just doing their jobs, en- orcing it.

was just a shock hen I came he said. you forgot a bout. It was when that happened and then you go in the service and you forget about ime has changed perception of the po- ice and it has also allowed for change within the department. Those explicit laws and policies are one, and the department erforms training with off icers to reduce racial biases. Sheboygan is growing too.

The black population more than doubled from he 2000 to the 2010 cen- us, although it is still only 2.75 percent of the total population. But even as Sheboygan becomes more diverse, there are still imp licit disparities. Black eople made up 18.9 per- ent of all arrests in 2015, according to documents obtained by the Sheboygan Press. A nd while at 21percent of the city of Sheboygan is ither black, Asian, Hispanic Latino, only 5 percent of the police officers are, according to a 2015 USA TODAY NETWORK-Wisconsin article. Nonetheless, Joe still ees the police department as better, and mov- i ng in the right direction.

Even though it seems like by myself in here, I got a whole community he said. officers pat you on the back. verybody sees you, (they say), thanks for a ice feeling to have the other way. Instead of Minority Continued from Page 1A MADISON A new Wisconsin Department of atural Resources draft report wrongly concludes hat sand mining opera- ions produce fine ust particles and impact human health, an environmental advocacy group contends. The DNR released a potential update to its 2012 sand mining analysis for public comment this past week.

The analysis tracks the latest scientific a nd socioeconomic infor- ation about sand mining in Wisconsin. The agency uses the analysis to inform policy discussions and decisions. and mining has taken off in western Wisconsin ince 2008, as fracking, a rocess to free petroleum a nd natural gas by cracking rock with injections of water, sand and chemicals, has taken hold. The region has high-quality silica sand that works well in the process; according to the report, 92 sand mines are currently active in the area. The boom as generated fears of air a nd water pollution.

Asection of the report focuses on air pollution, stating that sand mines appear to be produc- i ng the small pollutant particles that can lodge eep in human lungs and, a ccording to some stud- i es, cause health problems. Air quality monitors in western Wisconsin detected elevated levels of such tiny particles and the levels of larger particles are well below federal air quality standards, according to the report. As a result of existing egulations and the permitting and compliance activities health related impacts from industrial sand facilities are not ikely to be an the analysis states. idwest Environment al Advocates, though, ins ists that the DNR needs to take a tougher look at sand mining and solicit more data and input from experts and the public. The analysis relies too heavily on voluntary air monitoring and industry- funded studies, the group said, and minimizes a Univ ersity of Wisconsin-Eau laire study that found sand mines may be causing or contributing to unsafe air pollution.

The DNR has no evidence howing that sand mines produce the smaller, ore dangerous parti- les, the group said. EA attorney Sarah Geers pointed to a letter the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency sent to the DNR in August that a broad statement that mining processes emit fine particles is accurate or appropriate. public comm ent will improve the fi- al (analysis), if the DNR will hear the concerns, accept more air quality studies and address the legal and envi- onmental concerns with fine particulate matter ass ociated with frac sand the group said in a news release. The DNR plans to hold apublic hearing on the draft analysis July 24 in Eau Claire.

The agency will take comments for at least 45 days before issuing the final version. DNR spokesman James Dick declined to comment on complaints. Critics challenge DNR sand mine pollution findings TODD RICHMOND ASSOCIATED PRESS.