The New York Times from New York, New York • Page 4

MUNICIPAL AFFAIRS. 4 LETTED CONTROLLER GREEN. tb Qrunoxi or her axd taxatiox wo iHrKOTZxurfs asd tbui con THX CONTROLLER IX FAVOR OF AX ixucimxiD roucr of public im- PROTKMESm. Tha following Important commnB lection, ia regard to pact, piwat, ud fatal of pablie im-provemeat la thia City, ba twti uhlivml by Controller Gram to Uw gentlemen Baaaed below Crnr or DxrAaramrT or Ftacb I Ctmotx'a Ornca. Kept, IrtA 5 itrt.

H'tin a. HoK, William U. time. Jok J. CtM, VrM Jf.

Jtrown, otkmo, Ourrumi Too. mm Ua aloe, ranted ma, after variwae expressions of pai social confidence, to ewmareaicet ntk informanoa relative to ear Ma-a id pal affair aa aright ba snore treaty diecaaaed apart from tba restraint af aArlal intrreourae. The abeorbtag astar af tba atalma af current boat-aaaa apoa any Uhm aa attention, end tba peculiarly rampliosted eeuusveter of tbe eUmeultte which I feave beea called asaa to earmount, will pa far to axplaia tba failure to rewnoad awra promptly to oor lartutioe. Ther ta tbia eleeaeUt af comoen-asiUaa ta the delay wliick baa occurred-: tba apnear- aaea at nay reply at till time cannot ba eeeaidered aa answer to or aa prompted by aaj attack apoa tba AasBClal adaainis4ratvB. Though qoMtiuos af debt aad taxation would appear to ba fureoaosi ia any eooaidrreUoa af the work af tba it nance Depot taM-at, I will tnt ask TW attcatiua to subject Which andrrliM beta af tbeee.

I refer to tbat af pablie tmprewesBeute. I nil hardly quote from tba Trr abla report of tba CiUsaaa' laveeti gating Com-antltee of 111, to enow bow intimately tba financial future af tba CUT bound with tba progress of Ita pobiic Tba closeness af tbat eoaoacUoa aaaat ba apparent to every ooei I nrovoae to refer to It omewbat ta detail. It would i eeem, raaaouaUa tbat tba authority charged with tba duty af raising tba large aama of sooner to pay for tbeee Improvementa aboald be able to obta4a la advance aoane information, of tba amount ra a trad. Tba ebarter of 1K7U removed tba Central Park Cemmlaatoners front offioa, and traoatarred ta tba Siajr tba manaireaieBt af all tba worka tbat tbia eoauaiaaliiav bad planned and' foe-tared, aad wbiub aa to tba time of tbia traaafer bad baea kept free frona tbe bad infloeaeaa tbat eoav trolled tba remainder of tba City Gorernmeat. Yor the Beat aaeoradina; ajgbtaa aaontba, aadar Sweeay, "Hilton, aad xlelda, aad tbelr eaburdinaUe, thcae worka ware carried on araoraiof to tbe aama demer alisad metboda wbiah ebaiaotansad all etber public worka af tba Citr.

aja iarraomrsra. "Wboa took Aee aa ComptroUer, tba acbomaa' of pioaaer Wblca, aaea ffranea on ina woraa plaaned by tba Park Commlaaloaara were Jat a boat ripeaiac; aad it fall to my lot to proridotbe fanda to pmy for bat were originally beneficial projecta, but aabiobja kwf baada bad baaa made tba ooraawm af axtravatraaca and jobbery. Tba fuUowluf are aprtowa lmiiroTfiuenta. which Aar baaa paid for principally la tbe peat Utree ycara, and taaif eeat i '( KlTernoe 27,613 atortitneatdf Jraailay binkTud, bVth to ISStb trt atoakmr, nortb at 16tb Ma4iaoa aveuaa titcasWl Laalnstea aveaaa 7 46 1.4HW.571 83 3,777,307 Total for tba lead alone af tbeea 71,030.800 03 Ta tbeea enormoaa anna paid tor land are to ba added tba fortber axpeueee of doing work aa follow i ttamoral af anedaat about oaa mlla la 93,100,000 00 Boutcvard. etmatraetioa of.

69th to loMbatmet, tour aad abaif 1,000,000 OO City parka, lndadiag aowa-towa parka. 1871-la74 T- 4,749,147 90 leaia at, ta Vert 12.833 49 Total espenae of dotng work- S9 Total eoat of tbta alaaa of ttraproTe- aueata, Ineludinc bvad aad work ....12,798,781 41 Por a part ef wbicb tbe City ta to be or bee baaa Beimburaed by iimi maat. If we add to tbia tbe enet or the I Centrai 0Q 1 eaeuttuoel tttru.ool 87 Immaniaiit mt Iha I to laa. 99 I3.J24.821 88 bare a total S7 expand ad ear np-town 'Improrameata, and tbiavaat anm repraaenta tba eeet of bnt a part of them. It doee not include the expenee of tba Im-.

nroremaat of the Elehth avraaa. or tba laad lor fbe park at Bicb Bridge, or tba ordinary atreet improTementa, aarb aa wnnsf, reamlatinir, and taring, wbiob will amonat to many other aiiutona. rrobablT not ooe-4)narter of tbut mam baa bean expended on City work belew Twaoty-tbird treat ia iwBiy yaara. aaoncoa or orpoafnoit. Shortly after takiag office aa Comptroller it became neceaaary to take aeaenree to oppoaa the illegal and waateful metboda" of earryinr out tbeaa op-town tmpreyemeotai wbicb metboda bad BeTeloped tbem-aeiree daring a period af groaa adminiatrattra eor--optioD, aad which became tba aoorea of con lent tsaipiaint and remooatraBoa on tba part of property- ire oera, who are called oa to pay.

la the form of tteaeaamenta, a large ahara af their ooet, long before tbe property beaeflted can either be need tir auld for nee. It would aot be anr- tirtalna If tba aaeeeamenU for each pran in re imnroTemaita abonld ba renrded aa onnreaaiTa. That opuoaitlon I hare con tinned to thia time where- over tbe aama metboda appeared. Thia cooraa of ttctloa. baa afforded interested parti ea a nianaibla liroand for tba clamor tbat the Comptroller waa op- poeea 10 bu unprwvemente.

it Baa, aowarer. recently baea tboneht axpediaat by tba enemieeoi icoiMMny to hail re thia ground of attack. nad, ia order to neutral ue my oppoaiUoa to tba urematara and eoetly eouatractiaa at avenaea and uoulevarria, now aoncbt to bold mo reaponaible lor ail tba mora important improremeota in tba upper part of tba ialaad, aa diatmctly appeara in the ioilowing extract tram a recant official ouujmuuioatioa TO tba Board of Adermea "I eonatder tola a proper time and opportunity to Ax me reaponaieiuiy tne neayy auraen Impoeed npoa 1 be City at larxa for aa-towa tmnroTementa whan tt bwlonra. The laTlnr eut, opening, end liapreranMat ef mMuevara. in nnt ana aeyrnta aveaura, avaaae it.

Mtcholae, One Huadred aad Piny-nftb atreet, and "uw auwe. inawi, paraa, am paoiio piacaa la tne llietrtet beaodad by FiftT-nlnth atreat. Kiehth One Uuadrad and Tenth atreet. Sixth evenae, Harlem ItlTer, and Hodaoa Kivar, ware begua and proaecated by Aadrew H. Ureem, wbea ia eoatrol af tbe Central Para "VVTiila I migbt allow the cbargea of belag oppoeed to all jv town ImproTamaate, aad yet of being reepaaaible mr meat of them, to anawar each ether.

may be pardoned if I take the opportunity tane Houruea eiate my poamoa oa uua.yery uuportaat ffaaeuoau HfiiTOBJCAt BXTBOarBCT. ta 1811. aa eminent aad able eommiaaloa proceed ad to layj out the plea for the City ap to Una uuBuraa aaa niT-ui in atreet, aoooay waa looilaa onoach to latagina tbat it waa aaceeaary to expend au the reaoaroea af tba alnaicipality in eoaattneung, far abend of tba want of the population, even the principal lonitttadiBal aad interaeeting thoroih-' tarea tba futora-City. Ia point of fact, it took more tbaa fifty yeara to fill ia tba mala oatlinee of that plan. It waa only alter it became apparent tbat tba deve)opmat of tba vpper part of tba Inland would bo aerioaaly bannered aad hindered by a alariah adbereaoa to tba plan of lall, that it waa found aoceaeary, ta lwiA aa a meaonreef acoaomy and to faeiiitato the growth of tbe Citr, to aak from the Legieiataxe power to modify aad adapt tbia plan to an it tba paenliar topogmpbicel featnraa of that aectioa.

la pnraaaaco of legiaUtiTa power, granted la 1(JA aad aabaequent yaaia, tba Commiaaiunera of tba Caotral l'ark proceeded lo deriae tba plana which have formed the baaie of tba entire ayatam atreeta, ayrbaea, boulevarda, and drivea, boiweea the Park aad tbe Bndaoa Klyer, and went of Sixth BTaaao to tba Uariem Kirer. With tbe formation of tbeea plana had the moat intimate personal eoaaeetioa, and 1 abaU never mm to regard their development with a pedal ia tereat aud aoUcitada. I am aa willing now to ao ect any fair ah are ef responsibility for tbem aa I Waa eiarbt yeara ago, but I emphatically oiaaent tremclaaaing the oporationa of the orieinal Park Coaamiaaiututra la tba aama oategory with thoea of tbe reck lose, wasteful, aad ignorant antboritiea who are ehieay reapooaible for tbe later conduct and de-'elopaMHitf tba worka oofaida of tba Ceatral Park Initiated by these Commissioners. It was no mora tbe Intention ef the authors ef ibe plana of lnof tbaa it waa of those tba plana ot If tbat their axei'utiea abouM be fureea npoa the Citr la advance of all tbe neoeaxitiea of growth and population. Iha premature maJUpUcatioa af parallel routes of travel at great eoat, and without publto aeceaaity, which baa been recently witneaeeit, ta.

ta ary opinioa, eatirely at tarmiaeo with tba pnauo recioireoMata. nuuTtii tie Tenth aveuuc, for Instance, wbicb 'leada into th wood, aad aada noa here, and which beyond the Kee-srvoir ia attrrlr need-Waa for aay poblia Me aide of It btang held ap by a eaataiaing wall aotae forty Wt btih. Tbi baa bees "iioprnwd," aa it la ailed, ai a eoat of 49. There are miles of thee aveooee tbat have beea, ia the last three yeara, wurked lav tbe most wait'nl end sinTa-aal awattex, at' a coat af sr gT0U.uua par mile, apoa- which there ia aot a booao obco lu a eaarw of a mile, or a travel ocee la hair aa boar, aad that are lighted at pablie rxitepM ttr aiorti brUtUntly and axpenairely thxa lawaUaar, bolow Gravw Chunch. biuret ban aixtoea yeara aaro work waa euumeooed oa Central park, aad at thia tia there are aot ally boa tea built oa tba ae-ren milaa af aveanea aad arrertt that bound it.

There are aawra tbaa elevea avikw ef aveaaea aad bualevarda, ether tbaa those aarnsuadiag the Park, eemnleaad far travel, with a surface ef over aaare reet, overv foot of which moat be kept ia repair, at a creat annual ex-aeaass a bather traveled or aot. The eld Park Com miaaieaera would, la pr no sen ting tbeae worka. atadi-34tiy have regarded tba rapidity wuh which popo-Lattoa anoht tba aewlypeaee territory, and the ability of tba local Treasury to tba drafts npoa It for tbeea worka. S'ot only have thee tnadameatal eoaaideraUooa beea couapica-aaaly aiaregarded by those who desire tocoaceal their Ismoraace. ianjenpeltmoa, aad extravagance bebiad the supposed pobvy of tbe old Park Board, hot au euUrely ditfereat art of anethede baa beea allowed to creep, into tbe ooadnct -ot tbeee worka since they p.iaaad beyond tba control af tbelr enr eal nrttjewtora.

KXTXavA9AXT OUTLAY. I Iha acala af atpendiiara aea wbicb. aa taws tmpiuv ami nta erlzlaanv t1ii baa bora very larze bxrgeiy exceeded, partly becaaaa tba bnein-sa of enDervtstua and taapectioa kaa beea allowed to fall into eorrapt or foceeapeteat mtmtmA tm iisii I stino af a oommitteo of property haliiiira at a meeting ta PIm mtnoL a few aaoatba the tax aad a mum art pa vera do aot receive averaca ef foar beara af booeet kabor for the fall day a wagea they aay," partly baea aaa the eoa-traet rratom baa beea rradaafly replaced by a avatbed ef doiag work which, by treatiag honest avechealca aad Uhurera aa aere vaaaala and drp.adoata. oflVra greater facilitiea far tba direct exerclaa ef politirsl iaflaeaca, and partly becaaaa during the reign of the thierUb oligarchy which lately rnled tba City, pablia efBciala and their frieada ware allowed to make fortanea eat ef the parr baas of land, which waa afterward over valaed for aceniaitKia far pablie aae by confederates and aopoiBteea of the aama aet. As aa example of thia bitter abaee, take tbe case of Riverside park.

Tbe erigtaal eetievate of the value of the mad of that park waa aot far from fl.4Q0.U0O. Bat becaaaa. aader improper infiaenea, opportuairy waa eSarded to bay ap tba groaad tut tba purpeee of making a bago profit aa tba transaction, before it waa valued aad ttaaaferred for tba pablie aaa. tba amount paid for tbeae lands ia aot leea tbaa 6,000,000. Plana of tba atjooat exceUeoea may bo rained aad rendered ediona by the Ignorant metboda of their execution.

YBX AQCEDCCT JOB. The follow-in ia oaa instance af tba eoat of worka connected with tba aama froapef improvements It waa deemed wiee to remove a portion ef tba Crotoa aqaedoct, between Kinetv-second aad One Hundred and Thirteenth atreeta, and it waa believed that it eoald bo accomplished for leas tbaa 1,000.000. Tba work was put under tbe eoatrol of the Department ef Pablie tt baa beea a eoarce of tbe Boost wasted al and inexcusable extravagance and eerTapidoau- The Engineer of tbe Pablia Worka, who took the place aad reaponaiMlirtee of sack men aa Alfred W. Craven and Gen. Ueorre 8.

Greene, and who atill holds tbem, estimated tbe eoat of thia work ia 1870 at and ia 1871. at t3.000.000. Tba monstrous total of 3.118,771 43 baa beea expended OB tbia work of about twenty block la extent, and atfll It la tar from complete. Wbea tba work of the old Park Board waa, la 1871, taken away from the Bibg. and restored to tbe baada of some of ita original members, no time waa lost by tba schemers ia thia City.

who atiil eon-trailed- the Legislature, at ita very next ia etrippingtbem of a very large portion of their poa-era for tba benefit of tba Department of Worka. aUBXIrTTnOCk LICWLATIOS. By a claaee 'aorrspUtioualy inaerted ta a law introduced into tbe Legislature of 187 under a title reierriag to the coadact of work in connection with tbe Crotoa water, the Department of Parka waa anddenly deprived af all control over tbe avenuea and boulevards above Fifty-ninth atreet, aad powers of a deliberative and lecudativo character wbicb were involved ia that control, and which were only proper to bo exercised by a board composed af in-telligeot and able men, were transferred from, tbat board to a aincla man, eatirely inexperienced in a urn affaire, ana WBoee exercise of auch authority indirectly contrary both to the apirit of tbe law and to the beat intereeta of tbe eommnaity. The aeo-tion by which thia transfer of enormoaa powers waa made la aa follows: "The Department of Pablie Worka shall bava and pmirsa all tba powers and fnnctiooa heretofore aad now possessed by tbe Department of Public Parka, to relation to tbe Boulevard, (road ar public drive,) etraeta, avenues, and roads above Fifty-ninth street, not embraced within tbe hmtta of anv park or public place, and all prevleiona of law conferring powera nd devnlv. ing datlee npoa the Department of Public Parka in rela-tioa thereto, ars hereby transferred to a-d eouterred apon tba said Department mt Public fTorks." ITnder thia tbe worka designed, to a'larga extent, tbe Commiaaionera of the Parka, were, by a aubordinate engineer, with the assistance of Mr.

C. Fields, put under the DeDartment of Works. wvtvum roucT. 'i Paaaing from tbe consideration of tbe past and present management ot ap-tewa pnblie worka, let aa aae what are the demands of an enlightened pub-he policy in the future. It ia hardly necessary for ma atate tbat I am now, and alwava bava been, la favor of tba proaecatioa of pablie improvements, wbea they can ba carried ont with proper economy, and are clearly neceeaary for public convenience and comfort.

The devising of tne plan for laying ant tba upper part of the City aad ita development ia harmony with tbat of the lower part af Weetcbeater Coantv, the improvement of tbei navigation af Uariem River, the fixJbg of bulkhead lines round half the inland, and the question of connecting the City by tunnels and bridgee with Westchester oa oaa aide and Long I aland oa tba other theae and each aa tbeae formed the subjects of my a tody and advocacy during many yeara of public life. 1 regret tbat tbe policy of wiee moderation respecting these improvementa, no consistently adhered to by tbe first Board of Comission-ora of Ceatral Park, baa been so grossly overstepped by those who succeeded to their reponaibililioa. TUB AXTIKXKD DISTRICT. Tba incorporation of tbe lower part of Weetcbeater County, which formed aa essentia) part of their plana, is an accomplished fact, aad now 14,000 acres of tba Citr be below the Uariem River, and 12.000 above it, bnt the connection waa intended to exiat otherwise than oa paper. While eight broad aveaaea have beea worked to tbe Uariem River, the msans of crosaiug it to that part of tba City lying on tbe other aide nave aot yet received much public attention.

Tbouaanda of people paaa and repass daily from tba ward oa tbe Berth of the river tb thoee an tba aoutb, bnt tba means for this are miaer-ably inadequate. A distance of one mile aad a half, aa far aa from tba Battery to Spring atreet, separatee the Third venae Bridge from the next bridge to tt at McComb'a Dam from thia to the next, the Farm era' Bridge, ia a distance of three miles, or aa far aa from the Battery to Madiaon aquare, and between three distances there ia do proviaion whatever for carriage crossing. Tba. Third A Venn a Bridge, a atructure erected at great coat, ia already falling oat ef repair, and tba draw ia even now worked with great difficulty. The bridge at McComb'aDam ia now required to carry aa enormous travel and traffic It ia becoming every day more unsafe, and will aot but for aafe travel till another structure can ba provided to take ita puce.

Ta leave tbia crooning ia ita present atate la to Interrupt ana incommode travel and business to aa extent tbat would become intolerable. Tba elevated ground, between the higb-aervioa water tower and Fort George remains aa tnaoceaaible from Westchester County aa tt waa wbea Da Witt Clinton and hi colleaguee thought tba planting ef human habitations oa theae rag gen slopes a dream which It would take een tori aa to raalue. To remedy theae deficiencies ia the communications between one part of the City aad another, tt ia abaulutely aeceaaary tbat the tunnel across tba Harlem River, at the and of Seventh avenue, as contemplated ia tbe original plan, aboald be constructed at once, and that a anapenkioa bridge ahoald connect the hlgn groaad on both sides of the river aorth ef High -Bridge. The legislation tbat looks to the accomplishment of theae euda is already oa tbe etatute booka. I may remark, ia paaaing, tbat the easterly Una of tbe two annexed walrda ia an unfortunate one.

It would have beea well for the latereata of the new City bad the annexed territory taken the area that waa nearly aix yeara ago shown ia tbe plana prepared wbea thia aab(ect waa first discussed. Under the present boundaries a Urge part of the drainage basin of tba new torxitory baa outside of the City limits, and eerioua embarrassments are likely to accrue therefrom ia determining queatioua of sewerage and water supply for tba annexed district. rMraorxMxxTB ba arrga nosr. When, la oompluuice with reaolntiona of tba Park Board, I recommended the plan for the water front aad eetabliabed bulkhead linea from Fifty-fifth atreet to Spaytea Dayvil, and thence along tba liar letn River, 1 kept closely la view the aeceaaity of improving the terminal facUitiea of the port and the commercial aeoeeeitiea of the City. Theae plana, adopted ana legaliaed aom' yeara ainea, ebowaa ar-.

raagemeot of piers and bulkheads adapted for the eoaatructioB of warehoaaea, by which cargoes could be transferred by machinery from and to vessels lying along tba water front, aad from aad to railway eara, for which proviaion is made aa the other aide. I recognised at tbat early data tba necessity for adopting aoma comprehensive plaa foa the receipt and transfer af the materials of ocean commerce which aboald enable Kew-York to preserve ita aa- foes tion ed aupremacy among the porta of the Union, recognise that aeceaaity a till more imperatively Bow. A. proper avatena of dock improvementa la required to attract back again the ocean at earners wbicb have left oar piers for thoee acroea the river, and aome immediate proviaion ought to he to furniah propet piers and appurtenant facilitiea for the accommodatioa of Bailing vessels on tba East River, aad of tba vast traffic by tbe canal boats which are now aa inconveniently huddled together at various points. Sorb improvementa are a source of immediate revenue to the City, and need aot at all increase the general burden ot taxation.

Improved appliances for handling tba grain cargoea brought by rail and canal oaght to have paeeed lung before thia from the region of discussion into that of practice. Hia Honor tba Mayor baa made most atren. aona si forts to call public attention to tbe neceaaitr fur thia eiaaa of facilitiea, and. aa tbe merchants of the Cily ara awakening to those matters, it mar bo tbat we ahali be fortunate eaoaga to find aoano agency to carry them into practice without Jobbery aad cotTuptioa. All the tiaea of up-town improvement Indicated la tbe a neaded plaa ef the Cily will doubtless ultimately be aeceaaary, bat the eoetly prog i use In the malupiioatioa of boulevards and parallel aveaaea ahoald bo modified and made to conform to pablia requirementa.

The expendituree already made ia tbeee weeks have, ba raaUrv. beea ont ef all prwaor-tioa to the etber needs cf the City. Can we afford to lavtab mora aaillieoe ap town aad continue to aeglect the waya of traffic aad travel dowa town, where tba majority of tbe population lire, and what tba cannerea tbat kastaina tba City chiefly con. ducted The coon actions ef tba- old wuh tbe new parte af the City, across Uariem River, aboald bo immediately anpplied. Work ea the docka aad piers aboald be pushed forward, with due regard ta the moaera noniaiorclal aeoaaaitiea for cbaapeaing tranaahi pmoat.

Tbe tmpcoveanent onggeatea aome yeara ainos ef the water way from tba North to the. East RiTor, through Snuytea Dayvil Creek and Harlem River, which will eave tweaty-fivo milaa of dimcult aad dangerous navigation around tbe talaad to all the commerce naming from tne Korth River to the Tasuea States, abould bo undertaken by the United Scatee authorities, aaeved thereto by tba authoriuea tba City. TUB CRT AXD Ttl aCkAXT LOBBT. Tear after year we have aaea the interests of tba City aaeriuoad at Albany to the petty personal ia-trigaee for more patronage for aome head of a local eWparrment. A trade of track aad dicker baa tbaa beea allowed to become eatabUahed betweea anecra-poloaa naembeia of the Legislature aad political BtaaasTere who had anything to offer from the spoils of the City.

The practiced era oaa already diecever thasmavasMauaf the air and artful Hc'f tirt mm Bipulatora. e-rea aew at work for iha aama paraoee for the coeaing ssi rm IuTeempeUtioa of tbia kin tba interests ef tba weblie have BeceaaarUv beea lost siibt of rwer to proceed with bow worka baa been aemcht regard to their necessity, aad all rceOaiata which aaurbt aaeara acoaomy aaat eActeacy ta Oietr pro" alare bee. east aside. If the people of ew-erk are to put a atop to tba aqaaaderiac of their enuaey apoa aabUo Da uioieeeeota which are aot required, aad are to oompel Ita appU-catioa to those which are moat argeaUy needed, they mast make tbtmaelvee beard ta the State Leglaja-tare ta a tone at aufficieat authority to ailonce tba eUmor of tba corrupt lobby that yearly etruegfee for a share of the patronage aad the piekinra of thia groat City, and that wiU alwaya bafoood attbe beck of the department which baa tba greatest ability and will to diepoee of each thinge. The whole subject of pablie improTemahta, with which the future prosperity ef tbe City ta ao cloaeir bound up, aad of tbe ietialaiiow deeirable ta connection with their advaaoement, oao worthyto engage the foremost mmdaof the community.

BXW-TOaa: AXD aaOOKXTX. believe, aa firmly aa I did eigbt4 veara ago. tba municipal union of Kaw-Tork aad Brooklyn ia only a question of time, aad 1 consider it ta be no mere flight of fancy to look forward to tbo traffic betweea the twa cities requiring more bridga tbaa Tsaid in a pamphlet oa thia euhject, aoma yeara ago: If tbe City of Ifew-York and Long Ialand shall hereafter ba connected by bridges, tba distance-betweea Ward Ialand aad tbe Battery would require twenty -two of tbem if they crossed aa frequently aa ia London, and thirty If tbey were built as near each other aa in Paria. Tba width of tbe Seine, through tba City ef Pana. la from 100 to 600 feet, Tbe width of tbe Thames, through the City of London, ia from P70 to feot.

Tbe width of Uariem River and 'Soevtoa Duyvil Creek, betweea Kew-York and Waatcheator, from 200 to 430 feet. Tbe width of tbo Xaat River, between tba pier-bead linea of Sew-York and Brooklyn, ia from 1,200 toS.500fet. The width ot the North River, between the pierhead lines of Kew-York and Xew-Jereey, ia from 2,700 to 4,000 feet." Tbe Urns need not bo very remote when the idea which partly guided the plana of tbe old Park Board will be realised when one continuous drive shall Include pleasure grounds presenting ao many rare contrasts of aeenio beauty aa 'Central and Proapect Parka Kopopnloasdiatricttif tbiacontinent preaenu auch a combination of natural beau ties aa may ba foandamand vf.nh.tfam Island and ita adjacent aborea. To link theae together, to make them easy of acceaa. and to place tbem in each a aetting aa may beat befit them, ia a work no leea worthy of the highest ability which can be prraaod into tbe pnblio aer-viee, tbaa tbe proper development of our unrivaled facilities for commercial intercourse.

Thia work cannot Do done by incompetent officiala or through political manipulator. I thc riTumx or rustic ratraoTgargsTa. Trom the accounts which reach me of tba groat stagnation ia business and pecuniary affaire which exists in London and Paria. Berlin and Vienna, I am inclined to think tbat New-York, though not enjoying ita usual volume of bnaineaa, ia to-day the moat thriving and active place la the world, and ita natural rata of advance under improved commercial prospects can be moat effectually aided by honest aud enlightened Government. I took occasion to aay in a speech la tba market place, soon after entering oa my present fle of duty, that reform meant progreaa and development i it meant better administration, honesty in pnblio affaire, the increase of the comforts of living, and-the leaaening of the burdens of taxation.

We muat bava with any continued growth, which I look for with steady confidence, new docka and piera, new school-houses, better paved and cleaner avennea and new and better outmectiona between tbe laLand and our surrounding cities, better market buildings, aa extended water supply, and a continued improvement in the clasa of maa who are to administer tbe affura of the City. Kor ahould tbe claims of eoience and art be overlooked. Tbe two nobis building designed, the one to accommodate collections of natural history, tbe other for the exhibition of worka of art, both well advanced under tba intelligent care of tba Park Commiaaionera, aboald be proaecated to completion. There is no reason, with munificent liberalities such aa thoee of Jamea Lenox and Peter Cooper, toward tbe encouragement of literature; with Colombia College, under tbe abla beadahip of Dr. Barnard; with our univerairy, onr aohoola, theological aeminariea, aad medical schools, under eucb men aa Draper, why Kew-York aa.

municipality ahoald not take tbe aame advanced position in science, literature, aad art, that aha holda id the field of trade and commerce. j' A KXW ERA Or UFORX. We bava received from a regime of ecrrnption a City completely dilapidated aad despoiled in ita public building, markets, atreeta, and docka. Tbe money lavishly contributed by the? tad-payers to keep them in repair waa atolea by twenties of million, tbe power to ornate debt waa aebsed npoa by meaaa of possessing the pnblio ofScoa, and, by tbo connivance and aid of member of the Legislatare, tbe debt of the City was increased by other millions, and tbe proceed pocketed by diahoneet men, who have not vet been made to return one dollar of their robberiea. Wo who have since been made responsible necessarily have to accept, the duty of meeting tbeae unjust hardens of the past.

For the future tbe money paid by our tax-peyera and raiaed oa the credit of the City, instead of going into tba pockets of conspirators, mast be honestly and intelligently expended on needed worka, bated on thoroughly-matured plana, and ao carried out tbat for each dollar expended there abab bo a fair equivalent in materials or labor. On auch a basis tbia community will, I am assured, cheerfully suetain and justify liberal expenditures for tne development of tbo City, and I feel eqoajly well assured that there will be ao lack of means to provide for tbem. In connection with tuia subject and aa bearing directly, apoa it, I hope shortly to preeent aome atatiatioa aad considerations relative to the Municipal debt, taxation, and other topioa of interest to tax-pay era. Very respectfully, THE ONEIDA DISTRICT. DEMOCRATIC SEARCH FOR A CANDIDATE.

Democrat of Oneida County have bad bard time of it ia getting a candidate to run for Congress ia opposition to Mr. Roberta. Tbe TJtica Etr-mld mentions some of them. It says Tbe record of thoea who have declined to bava anything to do with, tba opposition nomination includes the brightest of the names of the Democracy of Oneida. Horatio Seymour, candidate of his party for President ia 1368, had been often proposed, bat bis name waa withdrawn at an early stage ta' tba convention.

John F. able and popular, refused to let the delegates eonatder hia claima. Abram B. Weaver, candidate for Congress ta 1870, and before and since Superintendent of Public lua traction, rejected the pro tier of tbe nomination which waa within hia reach. Tbomee D.

Penliold, one of tbe meet active and influential Democrats in the North-western towna, apaxned the nomination actually- tendered to hi in. Walter Ballon, An active young Democrat of Boonville, retreated from the ooubtful honor. Col. William Oaborne'a aama waa need, but wa hastily withdraws. Beeidea these gentlemen who, in convention, -threw away the empty bauble proffered to them.

It ia well ander-lood tbat othera were besought to take it Hob. Francis Kern an, candidate ot hia party tor Governor in Joha D. Kernaa, a popular young lawyer; Calvert Comatock, a reapected citizen, whose reputation aa a lawyer and aa editor will endure Hon. Othniel 8. WUliama, truated aad ea teemed inj many relatione Hew.

J. Thomas Sprigea, one of the moat auoeeearut Jury lawyers in Central New-Yor kj often honored by hia party Col. K. Armstrong, the last Democratic candidate for Senator; Gon. R.

V. Sherman, who ran tor Congress la ltfTS; were all pressed to enter the canvass, and each and all declined to become Candida tea. Here are. a round aoaea gentlemen who would not refuse to respond to aay real exigency of the country, to any pressing aeceaaity of the public service. The logic of their refusal ia tbat ao demand exiaia fur a change ba the Indeed, their actios practically aaya that it ia not oven worth while to preeent aa opposing candidate.

Hoa. Scott Lord haa beea per. auaded to accept tba aomlaatioa which ao many have rejected. The canvass ia to determine whether Oneida County adheres to Ita Republican principles i whether it will palliate or excuse the treah oatragea at the Southt whether it will atill insist apoa the maintenance of the national whether, in tbe contingency of tbo election going into the House ef Repreaeutativea. Oneida'a vote shall ba cast for or against a Kcpuolieaa President.

The attitude of tbe county ia not doubtful. It will, with the effort which will be made, roll ap a majority equal to aay given ia recent XDW1S ESTJlIX. The firat and partial account of Daniel Dougherty and Jamea Oak a. Executor of tbe estate of Kdwin Forrest, baa beea filed in Philadelphia. They charge themselves with the following Appraiaemeat of personal aetata, par in- veotory.

61 aecaipta rrom mvastmanta, real aetata, Ac 39.136 8o 27 And tbey aak credit for eoat of household and manaaeaoent ef the estate, repairing booka burned by are, aad the following items bTeatmeaU la City 6a. 450,000 00 i And personal effect itHl oa band tVIJ" 4.U71 OO ranuture a.7 aHartngbraak '757 75 layestaMinu, ia aadnaaa OO And other meana aad articlea. which make an a total of Vma 37 apoa which the, ar. aUowe? I aaa aaa, OJ AAAT tap i i RjrprBxiCAjr somixatjosx The following axe recent nomination by the Repablicaaa to tba rotuitiaa named in thia State B. StnlU; Superintendent of the Poor, Darfee WU.

OKoxnAOA Conrrr For District Attorney, WO. TJmCS; Lo Commlaaioaera. Zcnaa A. Jonea 1 Stxu ici CorxTT. Aaaembly Gaorga 6.

Sbetard. 8eooad Diatrict. ISEW-3rEXIC0. "SXSTA IX AND ITS PEOPLE, a irzxicAX crnr nr.cxrrn states ttkki- TORT ASPECT OF THE CTTT AKD t-ROCXDESQ COC3TTRT fCTJARnTXS OF THE CLOCATE rBRIOATIOJITHa! WAT! 0 THE PEOPLE. The atj of Santa Ti, tneanini' in EngliaV Holy Faith," ia altoatsd aa both aidea af tba Santa FA River, a etream toe email to be dignified with that aama ia theSaat.

The ciry eurroonded by hilla aad BMantarna, aparaely cowered with pinoa, pedea of pine, and cedar treea. few of which are higher tbaa a man's bead. Xaat of tba town, about three mUee away, are the Santa mountalaa, aad to tbe northward caa be Been Old Baldy." the top of which zeacbee ap to; tbe regioa of perpetual aaew. Owing to the lack of rain aad anew, the ear-roaadias hills, with the exception of tbe acrub tree before menUooed, are almoat deatitateof Tegeta-tion, and preeent a moat deeoUte appearaaee. The' firat view of one of tbeae bills trom a distance gives the i impression of ita being dotted ever with amall black animal.

Tbe rolling plains lying to the otmth-woatward are alternately covered with the aame kind of tree or with a growth of weed and erase which are almoat alwaya of a cigar-: box color, for the reaaoa that the rata do not fall ia aufficieat quantity to give tbem a eoat of green. The alley of the river presents quite another appear- snce, for all along the etream cotton -wood trees, with their light, bright green foliage are growiac aad here all kind of crop are propagated by imga-j tion, giving the whole vsilay a green and pleasing aspect. Irrigation la here almoat carried to a ed-j ence, and from neceaaitn without it n4 cropa would grow. The "acequea," or Irrigation ditches," intersect tbe atreeta and roada in all direc; ttona, and are under the charge of a Mart aa officer elected by the people, whose duty it ia to'aee tbat all entitled to tbe water a hall hare their a hare; and tbat none ia waated. i '-j rBCTTIXARXTISe Of CXXMATK.

Santa la situs ted at an elevation of more than aOTen thousand four hundred feet above the aea level, being about fourteen hundred teet higher than the top of Mount Washington. The atmosphere i ao greatly rarefied aa to give moat aew-comera much difficulty about breathing, aad can frequent bleeding at tbe noae in many caaea. In consequence of the amall fall of water the air ia very dry, and at moat aeaaona of tbe year freeh moat caa be kept in tbe open air without fear of ita decaying, until It become dry and Tbe extreme dryness of tbo atmoapbere give a tranger an idea that a cold Winter day ia not ao eold after all but If he venture out without hi overcoat he Boon find hia miatake. Another trange" -thing ia caused by tbia lack of huouidity, namely, the great difference In temperature between ana aad shade, tin the warm aeoam, to atop from a mtuation where a person ia expoeed to the direct ray of tbe ana to a ahady place, ia almoat Invariant bly to paaa from extreme heat to an air almost chillv. Snow talla to a very light depth, rarely more than four incbea during an entire Winter.

Moat gladly would tbe people hail the heavy fall of anow which prevail in other localities, for upon It they de-; vend to atart th grass for their flock and herd in Spring, and to swell the atreamt with water for irrl-i gating purposes. Rain very aaldom fall, except in the rainy acason. which Uaually eommoncea about' the 15th of Jane, and continue unUl about the 15th of Daring tbia period, the akiea win be cloudloaa uniil or 3 o'clock in the afternoon, when' a ihower will suddenly deecend. and last generally aboet two' hour. Tbeae abowera occur almoat daily tbe period mentioned.

At inch time tbe number of. streams in Xew-klexioo ia indefinitely increaaed, for -tbe country abounds in brooks and rivers, tbe beda of which are at other timea entirely dry. 'Theae are called by tbe Mexicans 'arrovaa." The atreama which flow all the year are often ea swollen by tbe rains aa to aweep away whole villages, a catastrophe witneaaed by the writer at aeveral point on th Rio Grande during the present Summer. how th crrr built. The City of Santa Fe itaelf la, with a aingle exception, built of adobes," sun-dried btlck.

Tbey': are eighteen inches in leivh, nine lnchei In width, and four and a half in 'tiickneea. With vary few; exception tbahouaee are bet one atory high with flat roofs, made by covering' the top of the houee with either pole or boards, tbe latter being bard to obtain and ex pe naive. Over them earth to the depth' ipf two or three feet la pOed. Of course, when tbe rainy aeeaon come nearly every house In the town leak like a sieve. One army officer, known to the writer, on one of theae occasions of general leakage pitched a tent in hia parlor and another alept with aa umbrella epread over bis bead and a rubber blanket covering the rest of hia person.

a The boaineee portion of the town ia built arouad a aquare called tbo aad tbe remainder along narrow streets. Th Plaxa" ia urrounded by a picket fence, and in It centre ia a monument about twenty feet high, erected by the Territory to the memory of tbe Union aoldiera who fell during the late war. There is also a or music-stand, ia tbe Plaza, upon which the military band stationed here take their positions for aa hour or tw daily, and discourse musio for the entertainment of the Santa The present houses of the army officer even in number are also built of adobes, but in cottage style, with surrounding grounds, and with tin roofs. Theae house Are finished on the outalda with cement, making them resemble a bluiah atone, They add greatly to tbe beauty of the town. Until quite recently all Government officers were quartered in the ordinary Mextoan house and at preeent the civil officers; are in the same situation, including the Governor, Secretary, and others.

One feature of internet ia tbe Roman Catholic Cathedral, also built of adobe, and aald to have Ceea erected about one hundred and sixty yeara ago. The budding ia nearly aa huge aa any ordinary city church. Tbe interior haa a row of benches placed honsontal-ly along the walla, but the centre of tbe church I without Beats, the people kneeling during the service. I i SCXSXa TH STRUTS. I The streets of Santa Ft nreaent a vary striking appearance to the eyes of any one who haa not aeen the like before those around tbe Flaaa are generally filled with immense tragons drawn by aix, eight and often ten yoke of half-starved oxen, the only meant of bringing the much-needed supplies from the end of tha railioad.

While theae great Tan are being unloaded the oxen often lie down la their yokes, aad their tired appearance; and tha appealing look of their large eyea, would excite the pity of many mea far leas friendly than Mr. Bergh to the brute creation. In all the atreet caa be Mea great number of little an i mala called by the Mexicans burn but better known to. English speaking people a donkeys. These amall beast packed with all aorta of Often mapy a fifty can be aeen ta a aingle drove, with nearly aa many drivers, coming Into town loaded with wood.

The nanat price per "cargo, a tbey call it, "do reels. or twenty-five cento. About sixteen such loada make a cord. Ageia, a train of buroe will be aaea loaded with all kinds of mercbandiae, frequently with a barrel on either aide of each beast. A pack-eaddJ ia aeed apoa tbem, but no other equipment.

They are guided by blowa on alternate aide: ot their heada aad Beck admin iatered by their drivers with a club Berer leea than two incbea in thickness. Xot infrequently two men are aeen amounted oa one of tbeee Kyle beaata of harden, either of whom eoald pick him up and carry kim away. Tba la the beat example of pr-tlmes tha writer haa ever aeen, animal lire upon almost nothing, a itejidjig Joke of th country being that a few sheet of brown paper constitute a grand feast for a "bora" Tbey do a great deal of work, aad fender many servicee on the rough mountain trail that could be obtained from no other animala. The aidewalks af tba dty are generally covered. with "portala or porches, aad the atreeta are fringed during the day aad half the night with tha picturesque people of the etty some waiting.

Micawber-Uka, "for eomething to turn np othera moving alowing along, for but few Mexicana think life long enough to make aay haste In getting through it. I TM rort'LAxtOX OP AAXTA rK. The population of Santa consists ef about seren thousand Mexicans aad about three hundred Americana, including the Ce vera men afficera. By tae term American the 3Tew-M axicans mean people ef all aattotisHtiee except Mexican. A German who arrivta ra Saata Fa, direct from FaderUnd," is amch aa to the a 1T1 I of a Mayflower pCjrim.

Tbo ilexiaan have among themselves two tlaasrs. the riatocracy and tbe eouv jmoa people, aad caste reign nere a niach aa la aay other part of the world. The higher elaaees pride ibemeelvee mnch apoa tbo purity of their Ceatil. aa blood, aad look apoa the ooeanaoa people aa tba Joint progeny of Spaniarda aad Indiana. tbo utmost good-feeling proraTl aetweoa the two ardors, there ia little or ao aocial intercourse betweea tbem.

Tb higher elaae are educated and refined, tbo lower ignorant and degraded. T8tem ef peonara' haa left Ita mark, and tbooe who were oeoaa" are atill sobeervieat toj their former laastera. atAXKKBS AXD DBXS OV THE mOrUV The people of New-Mexico appear to Ibe writer In very much better light tbaa that ia which tbey are a anally represented. They oartalaly Are a law-abiding, docile race. TbeypDissm.lt la true, many tbe rices common to Ignorant people the world ever; bat during nearly two yeara' reeideaoe among them tba writer aaw far lee lawlcaanssa and crime than ia found in civilised commanitiea populated by 4 more active people.

The dreae of the people ia peculiar aad piotureeqae. The strange feature of the aaea'a attire are their broad-brimmed, low. crowned sombreros, aad the home-made blanket, nasally of whit and black, which they wear over their shoulder la lieu ef coat. Tha ladies wear ahawla. black and red being the prevailing colore, over their heada, and held together with the hand ao aa to obscure the whole of the face except tbe eyes.

Tbe men, who are in the habit of riding on horseback, wear immense spars, the: rewela of which are often nearly two incbea in diameter. The Uanaltion from aa American dty like Denver to tbia Mexican dty of Santa Fe la wonderful, aad the surprise of person just axrived in crease at every torn. i JCHTJBCHK AXD LAW COURTS. I There are in the city two Protestant churches, on rotestant KpiacopaL the other Preabyterian. Dm ig the writer's residence there the.

firat had no clergyman at all, although servicee, conducted by lay. men, were held every Sunday, except that following the tth of July. They were dispensed with on that day for reaaons beat known, to the lay reader. The Preabyterian pulpit was occupied but a few months. The United States Court for tba First Judicial Diatrict and tbe Supreme Court of tbo Territory are held here.

The proceedings are moatly in Spanish, the Judgee having Interpreters. The jariee are gen-erally all Mexicans, and the epeechee of the lawyer Uthe Jury are always In the Spanish 'language, while the court is generally addressed la; English. This 'sounds strange enough In an America Uw court, but it ia but one of many atrange things to bo seen in this old town, where the new ci viUxation of the Saxon race bnt thinly overlies tbo old way of the Latin. 1 -t BRIDGES AND STATUES. SOME EXCEEDIN'GLT PRACTICAL 8CGGK3- TION3 FROM A CONXKCTXCUT i LOOKER- OX.

From (Aa Bridgeport Standard, Sept. 23. The Brooklyn tower on the East Eiyer Bridge 950 feet high, and thia beat Banker BtU Monu ment, tbe glass works chimney' in Cambridge, and most of tbe xaonumente aad buildinga in the country beeidea. The top of the new State-house, at Albany, will, however, stand 363: feet from the ground, and that will render most other structure hi this country insignificant in height, Would it not be a good idea to finish tbe shot-tower at Washington, known aa th monument, build another like it on the other shore of the Fptomao and awing a bridge across betweea them. By pinning on to the enterprise a little touch of utility we might thus get two monuments done and have a bridge besides.

Or if tbat ia impracticable, let na have the memorial stone contribnted by tbe btate and by other na tion a for the Washington monument, pat into the other pier of the East River Bridge, and make it our national commemoration of theilluatrioua dead. Doing ao would very fitly lilnatrata tbe utilitarian spirit of tbe age, and would be a much more cheap and cer' tain method than any which we have yet beard aus 'geatea. It weald at least aecuxe aa a monoment which would at once bo a tribute to tbe father of hie country," and would at tbe aame time oommom-orate one of the great accomplishments in oar national progreaa, which baa made nch advance since hi day. Let one pier be sacred to Waabingtoo an tbe other commemorative of the ending of the rebellion, and thus each will mark a great event in oar history. So shall we cast a halo of beauty, romance, and reverence around our great practical pablie worka, and at tbe aame time not devote large anm of money exclusively to lying idle for the sake of mere monumental purposes.

There the loafer, at sunrise, standing half way between the two piers of the great bridge, and reflectively ejecting the Juieeof the weed upon the doubtful purity of the river beneath, as his nose glowe and reddens in tbe morning sun, will cast a glance at the pier Barred to G. W. and then at the one ia honor of the ending of our great civil war, and while hia boeotn ia thrill ad with great emotions and a crowd of patiiono aucgestiona hurtle through hie cerebrum, will abeently feel in hia pockets lor the coppers which he thought he had left from that laet quarter, and wonder where on earth he ia going to get hi breakfast from on that particular morning. But, casting aside all leas serious con si derations, we wonld anggeat tbat a statue of Fulton aurmonnt one pier of the great bridge, and that of De Witt Clinton the other, and thus may be aeenred at a alight expenee two very appropriate moaamente to tne men whose namee it ia proper should be thus perpetuated and to whose goniua and atatosmanahip we owe ao much. Hot more appropriate puce couu be found for such monuments, and no more appropriate monuments for auch a place.

There is a special adapted pes which ahould make the suggestion value. i i I ARCHJEOLOGY ix xaltaA, An interesting archaeological tfiacoverr naa been made ia Malta, and is thus described by Mr. C. A. Wright.

Vice President of the Archteological Society of that ialand During the course of excavation fur building purposes on the aide of the Jesuits' Hill, near the Maraa, on the property of Signer Saeco. the workmen lately came upon an ancient rock-cut cemetery, Just below the surface of tbe ground. In company with a friend, repaired to tbe spot on Tuesday last, and took a rough plaa of the place, with the dimensions ef th principal parts, a description ef which I now propose to lay betore my readers. We were not a moment too soon, for the workmen were busily engaged removing the rubbish aad human remains, with occasional fragments of pottery, preparatory to deepening the excavation, in order to convert it into an extensive reservoir for water. From the presence of a circular aperture ia 'the roof it seems an attempt may have been I formerly made to adapt tt for thia purnose, but it waa not fully carried oat i or poesibly the opening may have been used for ventilation and light, la oar re-eearcbee we received every assistance poanible from the proprietor, who atopped the labor of the workmen while we toea the measurement.

The general shape qf the excavation ia tbat of an irregular parallelogram, divided into two unequally alsed chambers, the a mailer oa tbe left being separated from the larger by a aolid wall ot rock, pierced by a doorwav ana. two archwaya. Entrance ia gained on tbe east aide by a narrow flight of aome haJbdoaea ateps. leading through a low archway cut in the rock, it the foot of tha ateps rises a square pillar, which, together with the tranaverse wall already alluded to aasieta in eupporting the aolid roof. The height of the two chambers ia about aix feet.

1 Several arcb-ebaped and deep reoeaaee extend from the larger chamber, three on the aide facing the entrance, aad another immediately on the right. The total length of the two chamber, including the last-mentioned receeeJ which ia about 1 feet king, amounte to 34 feet 8 inches the breadth ia 18 feet 8 tncbea, to which must bo added the length of the three other recesses, measuring respectively 10 feet 1 inches, i feet 9 Inches, and 4 feet 1 Inch. In the aidee of the smaller chamber three other similar rfreasfs had been marked out and cut to the depth pr a tew rochea, for tbe purpeee of extending tha accommodation whaa required. The whole uoor. except a small passage at tbe ra trance pf the two Chambers, left apparently for tbe convenience of laying oat the bodies, la pitted with rectangular tombs of varioue aires, cut la the rock and lying doe to- etber.

Thoee ia the centre ball lie in a transversa irection, while most of those in the smaller ckauf mre win we main aiameter ox tbo etery. A few, however. on the ext iei axw neaniM at rtgnt angles to- the mauer aiae, are cot ia tbo floor ef all tbe receeaea. At tha extremity ef threo of the recease or alcoves are Utt! crib that "ST 7tTX aptlT to both on board chip. Iha total number of the graves 1 about fifty.

Some of thetu have places cut to fit the bead and ST, Hod1ir deposited in tbem. The lid of the tombs bad been lemoved, except in one or two inataneea. when nothing bat fragment a reniafaiad! An the walla were aameroua aiches for laenpa. The only relic oftntoreat diacovered were two rarw.nZ looking, heart-abaped bronae buckles, ooeef wbicb baa since fallen to oiecee, aad aeveral email earthee- rather aa tmperfect stale. Otieof theae had oa the form of a star, which, it known! waa one of tbe numerous symbols aaed by the Christiana oa their sepulchral monuments.

There waa aa abundance of coarse broken pottery mixed with the skeletons, i were unable to recur feet skull, a all fell to stoma oa being toueheaTlt Wa evident, from the Hate in which at was fuund. the eenaetery bad oeen ooeaed at aome far back time boo ranaacked of all ita cob ten ta worth carry iur away. To. the left, in close proximity to UuV old neexopoha, aa isolated reck tomb waa discovered, which was at firat believed to have access to it Ur" although probably of tba lame are, ia qniie tliaUncu At a fuue distance to tbe riht are two curious sepulchral excavatioaa containing rock-cut tomb. bow used as slore-routn by a bcai-bnikier.

In ooe of tbem an ineoljittoa almost enumly r4 I to alow at it ia If rhaxactera. Tbe rrcj.rietor of ground, baceo, baa present lo the PnliUcJJl.rnry auepnapa sun ace. a Httle biRber an the hub It rved cm alalta a.ooe, a euB-pvrniMii incbea high, with a baa of fourteen toehee. pectin thU relic, I bavo reoOiTed be tig aoto from Dr. Ceaaro Vaaaallo, the learned liurariaa and arrbasofogist 'It at interesting as belonging to the fifth or sixth century and larem ark-able for the beautiful aimpUeity of the inerrtptlon.

which may be read: Dee Maximo rtavtmt TUa wixU awaee if. Cie Uncmerm tbe inscription carved tbe figure of a oblp, one ot tbe symboU which the Christians aetd ea aepolchral ooBument in Rome a late a tbe tilth eerUurr, and still later In the province. The name of layin waa not unknown to thoea early Christiana, and Martyrology mentiona Flavtous Clement, of the rank of ConauL Who euffered martvrdora under IH-mitiaa. It la only to bo hoped that the laudable example aet by 8ignor Sacce, ta presenting thia epitaph to the above-named pablie taeUtutioa. will be followed by othera fcr the monumental history of theae laiaada, ae diaplayed ia tbo venae urn of the Pablie Library, would then bo rendered more complete, by the additioa of many valuable remain at preeent entirely lost to archmoJngyM OBITUARY.

JUDGE SAMUEL CHEEVER. Tbe dentil of thia. venerable gentleman, at bia reaidsBce, ta Waterford, 2. la announced ia the Troy paper of Saturday. Tbe Tot Tun, ia making tbe announcement, Bays "He waa a man.

of extraordinary mental power aad energy. Although nearly eighty-eight year of age, ho could remember and recount incident tbat happened nearly four score veara age with vividneaa and clearness." Th same journal also the following sketch of hi political lile. written by himself, a few weeks before bia death, and confided to a correspond sot of that paper, with tbe remark There 1 no hurry i if you do not ut it before, you can soon use it for an Cbesver't family in Massachnaett belonged to the old Federal political party of which Caleb Strong, for a long time Governor of tbe State, waa a permanent member. at th age of aixteen or aeventeen ha bad placed la hi hand aom Tory strong paper written by Gideon Granger, then oat-master General, the father of Francis Granger, of thia State, written fat defense of Thomaa Jefiferaon and hi administration and statesmanship, which ha studied with great thoroughness, aad they finally made him a atrong Democratic boy, and aa such when be came into thia Stat ho attached hlmaelf to that party hero when Daniel D. Tompkina waa for tbe second time elected Governor.

He took aa active part ia tha politlca of the Stat aa well aa of the nation, la what waa called "the reign of the Alnenr Recency," when tbe State Government waa in the hands of auch men aa Silaa Wright, William L. Marcy, Martin Taa -Bureu, Greene C. Bronaon, Benjamin F.Bntler of Albany. Aiariah C. Flagg, John A.

Dix, A. B. John-aon, and Samnel Beard ley of Utica, Daniel S. Dickinson, Jonaa Karl, and George B. KeweW, ao long-in the canal department, aad othera of like oast and mould.

Tbe public had the benefit of tbe pena of all theae gentlemen through the columns of the Albany Argtu, where Mr. Cheever alwaya found himself a weacome contributor. There waa a great desire with the people along the line of the Erie Canal to preaa forward the work of it enlargement a soon aa that work waa decided upon. It waa" the policy of the Democratic leaders above named, and othera, to do tbe work aa taat aa the boaineee ef the country demanded, but no faster, and not unnecessarily to create debt and eonseqnent interest. They tested the capacity of the canal (at aome of the points ef greatest pressure to settle that queatiua.

and regulate tbe regress of their work accordingly. From, a combination ot aeveral can sea there wan a revolution in tbo politics of the Stat in the Fall of 1837. which brought William H. Seward into the office of Governor, one hundred Whig member into th Hooae and aeven into tbe Sonata, Thia waa canaed very much by the paaaage of an act tte previous year by the Democrats prohibiting the banks of- th btat from issuing aay oil la for lea tbaa fly dollars. Tbe effect waa not to eopply apeae for email currency, bat to flood the Stat with the amall notee of Eaatern banks of doubtful safety.

Wbea Gov. Marcy reluctantly signed the bill under severe of hia political friend, ho told them he had signed the death warrant af tbe Democratic Party of the State, It ao proved. The pre aad politi. ritnaitt favor of hastening the enlargement of the Erie Canal said the political revolution, was due to the tardy progress of the work oa the canal by the Democrata, and an act waa paaaed in the snaainn of 183a entitled "An act foil the more apeedy enlargement of tbe Erie Canal," under which there waa over 913.000,000 of eaaal work let' in one -year, and st a time when la bor.iro visions, aad everything tbat went into canal work, were at about doable the usual prices. Price of labor went down in 1839 and 1840.

and the credit of tbe State also went down, a tbat in the Spring of 1841 tbey could not borrow a dollar at aeven per and they eompromised with the contractors to work for half cash aad half credit, the half cash paying tbe coot of the work. In 1841 a revolution brought back tbe Democrata to power whea they suspended tbe work and paid the con! tractors some f3.000.QOQ for damage for taking the unfinished work from them, and in 1844, 1843, and 1840, relet the wo- at prices about ae mnch below the lettings of 1838 as woeld refund the damagee for taking tbe eontracta from the original contractors. Atany of tbe contractors made fortunes ea the work before they were stopped. Our Legislature might get aome useful leaeona from the history of those times in the hastening forward the work upon onr Stat Capitol when price are at more than double tbo usual rate. The debt will have to be paid by the labor of baada working at much tea rates than thoee now doing tbe work.

The of Mr. Cheever were united with those of tbe 'gentlemen of the olden time above named to hasten the pnblie works aa tar aa tbe demands of tbe business of tbe eaaal would justify, snd especially not to has tea the lettings at times of ruinous high price. ar indebted to the financial mistake of 1838 for our present canal debt ef about nine millions, as the history of tbe tiroes will show. If, instead of letting of work ta that year at fuU double tbe usual prices, they had let but a million or two to keep the work in progreaa two or Tara. the aama work could have been let at tbe rate of aeven miiliona for tbe whole, or at moat, for eight miiliona.

hat difference and ita interest which hare paid to this time would have left us now without a dollar of canal debt. Is it not probable that something like tbia may be eaid of ua thirty-five years hence ba relation to our State Capitol I la 1844, when Mr. Claw the father ot the American ayatem," (the tariff waa running for President againstMr. Polk. Mr Cheever.

in an address oa the 4th of July, diacaased the taritf question. Mr. Croawell. of the Albany Arav. heard of it, aad aaked him to write it oat, which ho did, and tbe editor commended it to hia readers aa the embodiment -of tbe Democratic ayatem of tariffs.

Gideon Rowley, of Albany, the member of the Smithsonian Institute at Washington, from thia State, told Mr. Cheever he (Mr. Cheever) had given the pnblio a book on the eobjeot of tanfC When tbe Sub-treasury bill, so called, waa paaaed at -Washington, providing, among other thinga, that the duuea ahould be paid in coin, it drew out, especially ta Kaw-England. very strong oppoaition. Mr.

Cheever wrote an article an the subvert ever the signature of Franklin," which wan published in tbo Argus. Some weeks or mora afterward ho received a letter from Gov. Marcy, then in the Senate at Waabingtoo, accompanied with a copy of tba Richmond Aaowfrar containing a copy of the article from to Arou. Mr Marcy told him tbe article had drawn much attention ia Washington, and he bad beea aaked who wrote it bat could not tell, and be wrote to Air. Croaawell, who told him.

and then remarked. "I Bend- you a copy of the Richmond containing a copy of the article, that you may aeo what Richie, the editor, say ot it," concluding bia remark by saying that it waa tbe ablest defense of the metoure which had appeared etber ba or out of Congress. Mr. Cheever continued hie contributions to the preaa, especially thoee ef a political character, down through tbo campaigo if Gen. Grantaflrat election.wben aeveral of them appeared in the Troy limes.

were rSSXCU SCHOOL XHSCIPrtvm Tb London JEcko aay: "Tha newer and tradition to reconcile tbe mind to objectionable practices, aa conspicuous ia English school discipline, seem to bo equally illustrated by that ef the French. The determined objection of tha pablia to any kind of corporal infliction ha led French schoolmasters to torrent a das of punishments which are doubtful improvementa ea the more vio. lent method. A correspondent of the Tamp describe from hi own experience what waa meant a doten year ago by being kept Tbe term then literally described tbe condition of the small victim, wbo, actually locked up ia a barred cage, containing a atool and a adding table, which, when tha boy was seated, closed round htm. and him io" Her he remained throughout the whole day.

"daoetimeeabt BP11tUl" ta tbe cage Blood, and the poniabment waa renewed next day. The writer who describee thia eomnvaace atate that oa oneoecaaion he himself waa almoat utfocated in Jbu CAge tn conteqaeuce cf some smoking kigi fail. Jk 0n. 1 th WTnQe wa -Mble to re or tbem to their place. It is probable tbat thia verw good imitation of 'Little Ease' no ln butcsa dcscB year ago ia not a long period, aud abuses die very bard, it ia aa well that the aUeutiun of he French public should be drawa to tnTpoi.

bility ut its continued 1 EXPLOol TE OILS. "AVarning to tbe public- is givea by the Maine State Aaaaycr and Inspector of Oila, Mr Ban-, let, ia regard to certain "noo-explosivo" oila, ao nailed, now being sold by -agenta" throughout the Stat under varions names, each a "artline," oline," -liqoorine," Ae. Aleoin aome caaea. umiee tbe nam. of keroW U.

haVTeeentf uZZ "HT ofthe liquid, and InTrerTa it proved to be ia aome form ot benzine taking fire in -me c. boiow iperatur. labtenbeit. and giviog off cxuWve ne ai Iwo ot the could not be duUnuiahliT commercial bearuie. and tbe othera were atrTtt.

be? tor. Oaa aample was called keruaeue JiVi 2 teaOn ntTto beaotSagtutStol beo" inn CuiO i-iixrio the cjyDWAirs to lz totzd IN HALF A DOZEN STATES. PARTICULARS OF TH COXTX8TS CD IXDIAJ5A, IOWA AKD WXST Y1KGDTU THX RIBEX TICXXT Ef ARXAKSAa. Election are to ba held on Tuesday, Oct la Ohio, Indiana, Iowa, and West Virginia, and j4 Arkansas on tbo sams day tb Democrat wCl for tbo candidates they have nominated. Below preeent a list of the loading candidates for ti offices named, aad a statement of th rot ef saU Stat in recent alectiona i OHIO.

Republican. Pemoci a tie. Secretary of State-Allea T. Wikotf-Wsa. Bell, Jr.

Supremo Judgee. Lother Day. Wm. J. Gilawre.

W.W.JohnsosuGeorr Rix. School W. Harvey. Char lee 8. Smart B'dPublio Worka.

a R. Hoamer. Martin Schilder. The ProbibitiooisU also have a ticket ia th field, with John Boehtal for Secretary of State, Gideon T. Stewart for Supreme Judge, P.

M. WeddeS fof School Commiaaioner, and Enoch G. Collin fot Member of the Board of Public Work. For Mesa bore of Congress th caadi dates are aa follows, thosi marked with a biag nrrmlnsa of tha ProblbiUu but XNst. atepublieaa.

Demoeratia, 1. John K. Green, MUtoa Bavler. I. Job gteveneon.

Henry B. Baanlng. J. John Q. Smith.

John S. Ra vara. 4. Lewis Tb. Gaacket, John A.

MrMslioa. W. A. Campbell. 8.

Revaolda K. Little Americas Rio. rank H- Hard. a. Abel M.

Pratt, Fraacia Granger. 7. Tbo. W. Gordon.

M. Deal. 8. William La wren eo. W.

J. Sullivan. Lawrence T. KaaL Joseph S. Fsaraoav, Jamea W.

Rebinaoa. Xarly T. Poppleton 10. Charie Foster. Georg fieney.

William G. Meade. 1L Hesekiah S. Bandy, John la Kane. Delmont Lockley.

David Taylor, Jr. Ansel T. WalUnc H. A- Thompson. IX John H.

BarnhilL MUtca Southard. IA Wm. M. Arnutronr. John P.

Cowan. William Dial. 13. Kelaon H. Van Verne.

Wylle H. OMham. IS. Lorenao Dan forth. Henry Baylia.

17. Lanrin D. Wood worth. David M. Wilson.

18l Jamea Monro. Joha K. McBnda. M. Jewett.

19. Jamea A. Daniel B. Wood. R.

H. Hurlburt, Independent Republican, 90. Richard Parson. Henry B. Th Tote of Ohio in recent years haa ba aa l0Wt Repub.

Berne. Tempea Tsar. OfSee. liean. eratie.

anoa. IS 73.. 814,654 .81.85 S4i.4l tsloe lo73. Secretary ef 965. 830 831,780 3,041 DTDIAZTA.

Bepablieaa. See. of W. Carry. tmoerarle4 John Xaoa XtS.

Ebon; Heoderaona A adit or A. Wlldmaa, Treasurer Jobn U. lover. Attorney Gen. C.

Deony, Supreme Judge. A. L. Osborne. Supdnatruct' nJoba M.

Bloen, ISenj. C. Bbaw. C. A.

Bnskirk. Horace P. Biddle alamo Smart. Independent Baforaw Secretary of Samuel Bowlea. Anditot J.

Trukst Treasurer. Norria G. Bennett, Attorney A. Peels. Supreme Judge Horace P.

Biddle. Superintendent of Instruction. H. Graham, MEataxaa or COHOBX8. Bepablieaa.

Beasoeratie. WTlliam Ueilmaa. Benonl 8. Fuller. 8.

B. F. Rawlina, (lad, Dent.) amea D. WOliama, 3. Jamee A.

Cravena, (IndUDem.) Michael Xerr. 4. William Jeptba D. New. 5.

Beoiamm F.ClaypooL William S. HaJmaa. a. Milton 8. Rohinson.

Xdmnnd Johnaoo. A. O. Paodletoa. RaC Franklin Landers.

Harrison J. Rloa, Xoander McClnrg. 7. Joha Cobara. 8.

Morton C. Hunter. 9. Thomaa J.Caaou. Arentnaja vonnaouvinc.

10. -William H. CaTklns. William S. Haymond.

Aneon Woleott, Ref. 1L Jamee K. Evana. Jonathan D. Cox.

IA Robert 8. Allen H. Hamilton. William B. Walters, Tad, 13.

John H. Fieaauaa Kelley. The Houee ot Rspiatatlr to bo ehossa wDI unit with tb Senate eboaem last year ta electing United State Senator ta place of Hoa. Daniel 0. Pratt, Tba vote of Indiana la Ut years baa beat aa follows: Offlee.

Republieaa. 1T2-. Governor ...188,276 Secretary of Btato. 157,491 16i.u4 199 til lttt.UA IOWA, RepubUcau. Anti-Vonopoly.

Sea. of T. Young. David Morgsa. Auditor.

Bureu R. Sberman. Joseph At. Ring. Treasurer.

William Christy. Henry Harris. Attorney Gea.lt K. Cutta. Joha H.

KaMley. Land Kegiater.David Seoor. R.H. Rodaarmal .1 amrBKKs ov CCTfonxB. Btst.

Kenuhlican- Damocraria. 1- George W. McCraxy. S. Joha 6.

Tuft. 3. Cyrua T. Granger. A Henry O.

Pratt. 5. Jamea Wilson. A Esekiel S. Sampson.

7. John A. Kaeaon. 8. Jamea W.

McDilL 9. Addison Oliver. Leroy G. Palmer. John R.

Sheeaa. L. L. Alne worth. John Jamee Wilkinson.

E. K. Gates. Jobn D. Whitman.

An son Rood. OJ. Whiting. Th vote of Iewa in rocent yeara ha beea xear. Offlee.

RepubU Psmsrntka .131.173 1871. ......108,801 of State 103,377 T3, 60,8. Republican. PeiueeiatiSL Governor SUaaGarber. Albert Tax bury.

W. Savaga 8d Congreaanian.PBt, O. Ha wee. No candidate. See.

of State Intno Tacbuck. John A. Treasurer C. McBride. Robert C.JeuTdaa Sunt.

M.McKaasio. 11 Huher. Prison Inspec'r-Xsth. 8. Porter.

R. H. Walker. Attorney Gen. H.

Roberta. M. Montgomery. Tempersaee. ladepeadea.

Gov em arris KChnrch. Jane. G. Miller. James W.

Davis. na uongriieamsn T. R. Fairbaak J. D.

Calhooa. See. of Wm. G. Olinger.

Henry Wieba. Thomaa BiaaelL Tbompoon BietsO. Supc Inatruc'n. M. McKenaia.

J. M. McKeaxie. Prison Parker. Walkr.

Attorney Gen. candidate. M. Montgomery- The vote of Nebraska in recent year ha been i Tear. Offlee.

Kaonbhean. naata mtlr 170.. Governor WEST VIRGINIA. aturnxxa or ccwgusb. pist.

1 RepubUcan. Demoeratie. 1. Nathan Go Jr. Benjamin S.

Alex. R. Boteier. Cbariee O. Faulkner.

John Halt yn.kHw.fora. ARKANSAS. In this State tbo Democrat have made their swap mation and will yoto for them en Tuesday. Oct aa well aa apon the new ConstituUou which tbey have prepared for their State. Th Republican! re- fua to take part ia the election.

Th Demoeratia candidate are Gorernor A. H. Garland, Xx-Confadrato State! Benater. Chief Justice K. H.

English, Chief Justics daring the rebellion. Aasocbue Juatioe David Walker, President Secession Convention. 7 Aaaociate Justice W. Harrmon, Commiaaarr, reiiel army. i Secretary ef 8 tat B.

B. Beavers, lieutenant Cob oneL rebel army. State Treasurer g. J. CburehilL Major Geasral, rebel army.

Attorney General S. P. Hughes, Colonel, rsbal army. Auditor W. R.

Mfller, Colonel, rebel army. Land Commiaaioner J. N. Smithea, Captair, bah tery, rebel army. Chancellor f.

R. Eakin, lieutenant Colonel, isba army. 1 i Clerk Chancery Coart--A. R. WiU, Colonel, rebel zxnesEs ur O.

TV. Lent. Esq- of Pennsylvania, of" tb Cooomitte on Lo ruber Statistic, made tb foDow- zng report to the Lombermea's Conventioo, reeratly held in Sasrinaw. Mlcb-, it being tbe result of oaralal tnveatigatioa- It shows tb-? quantity of ataadioC white pine, hemanek. and timber, east and west of the Ailegheoy MoBntaln.

ia Paaotji-TtnU: On Pin Creek and tt Oa ovngweuau a Creek. OB kettle Creek mmA Mm 1 Pert soaooo.w'iO 15.MH).t)" 80.000,000 so ooo.cf Oa Cook .1 uu On Furat Forks fat th ---irrn maaa-i Oa Bennett's braweh "ef tbe -tog and Oa Ajideraon'a L'n mm On Ibu. brancbea. SOO.fKVl.O00 C'leara4d Creek aad braucbea braiwhee. HW.WW.iMl OnIriawtMMt and branches of ainaema- "-reek, below Oa ickoaT Ean 00 (KH On Baker aad etber runs On boix-b C'rerk.

Be. y. Other auiall atreama Total eo atreama east of lotal on atreama weal of aiioelieuiea l.OOO.OOU.f Making a aeaa total of ataodinc white ana. west ef tbe Aueghan BttMaUia x. at 3,600.000 0(W Total amount of hemlock ta Tick Total, of 'baVd weedYav'iN at lac i i.