Lansing State Journal from Lansing, Michigan • Page 27

fx THE STATE JOUIlIVAIi July 16, 1972 C-5 Third World Has Its CEYLON: Prime Minister Bandaranaike Faces More Violence ence, saying the rebel leadership has been destroyed. Guards surround Mrs. Bandaranaike's office and all key installations. Emergency rule applies, and military commanders govern some districts. ONE PROBLEM has been the detention program, which followed a general amnesty.

Some were taken in simply for breaking curfews or on a neighbor's accusation. There has been no rehabilitation, and officials admit that some youths are turning into hardened' revolutionaries during confinement. Some 8,000 have been released and, police say, most are going back to their villages with no sign of remorse and with little possibility of finding a job. Despite the problems, Ceylon is hardly an armed camp. Security expenditures still make up a small percentage of the budget.

MRS. BANDARANAIKE has said that 1,200 insurgents and fewer than 100 soldiers and police were killed last year. Others put the figure far higher possibly near 4,000 altogether. property takeover, restricts court remedy. OVER-ALL, the country owes $300 million to foreign creditors.

Western countries that have traditionally supplied aid are starting to balk. "It's becoming clear that the world is not going to feed Ceylon," said one diplomat, explaining Western governments were discouraged that aid was used more for subsidizing welfare than for development. In this economic setting, the government faces menacing remnants of the rebellion which started last year when leftist youths attacked 125 police stations. By estimate, 14,000 persons are detained in camps. PICKETS OF rebels in the jungles and hills occasionally murder a policeman or hold up trucks for supplies.

Sporadic incidents and posters remind authorities all is not over. 'They have infiltrated every level of government, even the police," one Ceylonese security source said. Others dismiss the idea of a resurg ment and taking measures dangerous to democracy. "Even the plants and the climate are against the government," snorted a onetime tea foreman turned driver, indicating fields of tea burned out by a drought. "There's even a coconut dis- C3SG No one is starving.

The free rice ration and social services, which are partly responsible for the crisis, continue. But Ceylonese have been used to a good life. Austerity has been bitter. THE CRUSHING unemployment of graduates of the free school system which brought about the rebellion has gotten worse instead of better. The Central Bank reported the government provided 8,000 of the 100,000 jobs it promised last year.

The work force is described as 14 per cent unemployed, but the figures do not take into account those working for a few dollars a month. Parliament recently passed a bill allowing a special commission to try without appeal persons charged with antis-tate crimes. Another, designed to ease By MORT ROSENBLUM COLOMBO, Ceylon (AP) One year after an uprising killed hundreds and nearly toppled the government, Ceylon appears to be moving again toward violence and economic disaster. "Next time it won't be an all island revolt, but a well planned series of strikes at vital areas, with a lot more public sympathy," says a police intelligence officer. MANY ECHO his views, including a foreign military specialist long close to the Ceylon situation.

Tourists are back, mostly on European group plans, and the rebellion anniversary passed without a ripple. But reporters and diplomats traveling around this lush, unhappy island off India go for days without hearing a compliment for Prime Minister Siri-mavo Bandaranaike's Socialist government. INSTEAD, CEYLONESE of all sectors of the 12Ya million inhabitants seem to blame the government ft mismanaging the economy, discouraging invest and the resulting problems cannot be attributed to outside pressures. One foreign political analyst, asked if he thought another revolt was possible, commented: 'You have rising prices, the unions are restless, the right of free assembly is curtailed, the press is censored, the military takes over vehicles. The government has the power to take over businesses and can jail anyone.

"LINEUPS AT the cooperative stores are increasing, sugar is up, the fanner doesn't think he's getting any better deal. As you can't import raw materials, unemployment is even worse, underemployment is bad, plantation workers are not happy. There is an erosion of law and order "Put it all together and stir rather vigorously, and you might have some problems." Intelligence sources still tend to blame the Soviet Union, as they did last year, for encouraging and supplying the insurgents, but there seems to be no solid evidence. Moscow sold Ceylon six old model MIG fighters and fought unsuccessfully to keep 70 technicians in Colombo as part of the deal. Russia also supplied some troop carriers and small arms.

CHINA IS giving five patrol boats. The United States has supplied helicopters and other equipment, and Britain rushed in small arms. Foreign relations are complex and. constantly changing, with Peking at an apparent slight advantage. Ceylon's huge deepwater port at Trln-comolee might be an enticing superpower prize.

DESPITE FOREIGN intrigue, most agree, the insurgency was homegrown Socialist Government Kept by Army's Tight Security Wlk0mk (far-1 tocratic socialism since he took power in a coup d'etat in 1962. The rigid Socialist system he has established outdoes Russia in some of its applications of Socialist ideology. Everything in Burma has been nationalized, down to the village shop. HE JAILED AND later released thousands of his countrymen, and brought food rationing to what was once one of the richest agricultural countries in Southeast Asia. Opposition to him by half a dozen ethnic minority groups is fragmented.

His position seems assured, thanks to the army's tight control over the major cities and towns. Burmese ho knew Ne Win in the prerevolution days still shake their heads with sad wonderment about the path he has followed. BY ALL yardsticks of Southeast Asian politics, Ne Win should have been right-wing, conservative, anti-Communist like the military juntas that rule Thailand, Cambodia, South Vietnam and Indonesia. HE JAILED Communists along with democrats when he took over. He has followed a careful neutralist foreign policy line, balancing Soviet Russia and China on one hand and East vs.

West on the other. The Burmese army is combatting serious terrorism from the Burmese Communist party near the border with China. Few people know Ne Win. Diplomats Ne Win, Head of State in Burma, 3fy pyfn rf 'X 'Mb BURMA: Ne Win's In Power By PETER O'LOUGHLIN RANGOON, Burma (AP) Two black Mercedes Benz limousines escorted by motorcycle outriders and truckloads of troops swept down Prome Road and disappeared into the gloom toward the heavily guarded Rangoon military cantonment. was the general," whispered an awed Burmese.

"You're lucky. He is hardly ever seen." "THE GENERAL" wasn't exactly seen on that occasion, either. He was traveling in one of the two cars, with the window shades drawn. Probably not even his escort knew in which car he was riding. "The general" has a great fear of as-s eLSsinstion This is iie Win, ruler of the Union of Burma, the Socialist republic that lives much like a hermit.

NE WIN, 61, dropped his "general" title two months ago for the formal Burmese title of which means uncle or elder. Some said he did it because soothsayers predicted Burma would get a civilian government this year. Ten of his senior military officers on the Revolutionary Council also became civilians. Ne Win is a mysterious, suspicious, superstitious man who has led a nationalization program that has brought Burma to the brink of bankruptcy. Before taking power he was widely known as a playboy, fond of girls and gambling on horses.

In 1958 he was called in as army chief by former. Prime Minister Nu to sort out a political crisis. He and the army restored stability, dealt effectively with terrorism around the country, organized elections, then handed power back to parliament. But Burmese politicians, many noted for incompetence and factional infighting, soon undid Ne Win's work. He stepped in again, this time unasked.

He swept away parliament and the constitution, jailed most of the Cabinet, outlawed political parties and embarked on Burma from muddling democracy to au- People group, but they are rivals in local affairs in the Rift Valley district. 4 Moi, 48, a tall, handsome former teacher, appears set to play a key role in Kenya's political future. Some say Kikuyu leaders may back him as the next president, in an effort to muffle tribal discontent. THE KIKUYU establishment Is believed hoping to avoid any challenge to Moi in the KANU voting, but many party branches have been omitting his name from resolutions of support for Kenyatta. Another presidential possibility is Muugai, 46, Kenyatta's American-trained personal physician as well as foreign minister.

Until recently, Mungai was often described as Kenya's most eligible bachelor. His marriage to Lilian Njeri Njenga, a farmer's daughter, seems to enhance his political chances. UPI Photo Friendly Terms Leaders of Red which Ceylon maintains with Red first meeting with another head of Nixon's visit. Chinese Communist Party Chairman Mao Tse-tung greets Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike, prime minister of Ceylon, during her visit to Peking in June, indicative of i 4 tea- KENYA: rarely see him.

He seldom appears at public celebrations and there is no television in Burma. Part of this reclusive-ness stems from his fear of assassination, part perhaps because he is not well. HE WAS flown to London on a stretcher last year with a hemorrhaging ulcer. He stayed abroad almost six months for medical consultations. That seems a measure of how confident he feels in his job.

Life has become hard for the Burmese. Rice is in short supply in Rangoon. Luxury goods are nonexistent. But the Burmese are philosophical. They don't expect that ousted Nu's current efforts to incite rebellion in the provinces will succeed in toppling Ne Win.

THEY HOPE for two things: either the general retires to live in Europe, or he has a change of heart and eases up on his Socialist program. Neither appears likely. A joke doing the rounds of Rangoon perhaps sums up the Burmese attitude: A foreign ambassador is flying with Ne Win to Moulmein. As the plane circles the airfield, Ne Win throws out bundles of 20-kyat notes. The Burmese on the ground wave and cheer.

"SEE," SAYS Ne Win, turning to the ambassador. "See how my people love me. They're all cheering me." "Quite so, Mr. Chairman," says the ambassador. "But I think they'd love you more if you jumped with the next bundle of money." Keeps Aloof Posture With People number of persons in need of artificial limbs in the new state at about 10,000.

During a two-hour visit to the institution, he told a UPI reporter of the mass human misery he is trying to cope with. Walking past hundreds of patients in the overcrowded wards, Dr. Nabl Alam Khan, registrar of the surgery department, identified some of the injured: "JAIHUL KHAN, 20, lost his right leg in mine explosion Afaz Uddin, 12, left leg shattered by mine blast Ashraful Karim, 16, both lower limbs paralyzed by stray bullet which injured his spine Y. Anis, 40, watchman, right leg destroyed below the knee. He keeps reading names, ages and injuries while the patients lie on their cots covered with red blankets, some brooding, some indifferent, some cheerful in spite of their plight.

Cautiously they move injured limbs to show their stumps. With long looks at the visitor they seem to ask: "What will happen to me now?" Materials are scarce at Dacca Medical College. But the bandages are clean and tight and there is no sign of infection. 'The hospital has a capacity of 700 patients. We now have over 1,600 and must turn hundreds of patients away, those with less severe injuries," the registrar said.

Jomo Kenyatta, 82, Losing His Touch With lators and reduce their privileges. Foreign Minister Njoroge Mungai apologized for what, he called a bureaucratic slipup in clearance procedures, but without satisfying some MPs who blamed politicians they said were fighting for power. It appeared that the government may have been convinced that some of the five MPs had been going abroad on secret fund-raising missions. Similar accusations were made against Oginga Odinga two years ago. ONE OF the legislators whose passports were lifted was Grace Onyango, a Luo like Oginga Odinga.

Another was John Seroney, one of the government's chief critics in Parliament. He was convicted of sedition three years ago but remained in politics. Both Seroney and Moi, the vice president, belong to the Kalenjin tribal Help From Outside Sole Hope For Army of War Cripples China, Ceylon Stay on Kikuyu dominance in Kenyan society. Kikuyus and their tribal allies control almost half the Cabinet, including the departments of defense, foreign affairs, home affairs, finance and attorney general. Forthcoming elections in the Kenya African National Union will be a crucial test for the Kikuyus in getting their house in order before parliamentary balloting scheduled by 1974.

There are signs that all is not going well. The elections have been postponed indefinitely from last March 1 while the party struggles against apathy to raise membership from under 500,000 to more than a million. Party officials have accused each other of holding secret midnight enrollment sessions and issuing forged membership tickets in order to stack the voting lists. BITTERLY CONTESTED balloting in June in the Central Organization of Trade Unions represented a setback for Kikuyu influence. Denis Akumu, one of the Luos who are the Kikuyus chief tribal rivals, won re-election as secretary-general.

James Karebe, a Kikuyu, was ousted as president. Akumu is a sugar plantation leader with strong backing in coastal districts, and a former supporter of Oginga Odinga, a leftist who was once vice president of Kenya; he broke with Kenyatta and was imprisoned 18 months as a subversive. The Home Affairs Ministry under Vice President Daniel Arap Moi removed the passports of dozens of top union officials prior to the voting without explanation. LATER, THE passports of five members of Parliament were taken at Nairobi airport as they were about to leave on officially arranged fr i outside Kenya. Four were heading for a study tour in the United States and one for an environmental conference in Vienna.

Parliament formally condemned the action as calculated to embarrass legis the special relationship China. It was Mao's state since President By ANDREW TORCHIA NAIROBI, Kenya (AP) Kenya's establishment is preparing for the day when Jomo Kenyatta will no longer be president. The "burning spear" of Kenya's independence struggle is 82 and slowing up, although apparently still in vigorous health. He likes to shuffle a few steps with tribal dancers at State House ceremonies. Associates say he keeps a close eye on the daily details of government.

KENYATTA IS a living symbol of a decade of uhuru freedom, stability and prosperity. He's one of Africa's respected elder statemen. Kenya without Kenyatta is not often talked about in public, since such conversations could carry a taint of disloyalty. But recent developments look like an attempt to bolster his popularity and to arrange an orderly transfer of power on his death. Kenyatta dramatically told a Madar-aka self-government Day rally in Nairobi June 1 that his life had been threatened but that he had come to make a speech anyway.

No arrests were made; a year ago security agents rounded up 12 persons who pleaded guilty to sedition. NABIROBI NEWSPAPERS, on orders from State House, pegged the Madaraka Day crowd at 500,000, although not more than 50,000 attended. Many listeners left before the president had finished speaking unheard of a few years ago. "The postindependence fervor has gradually cooled and Kenyatta has become an increasingly remote figure to young Kenyans," was one diplomat's reaction. Leaders of the Kikuyu tribe would like to keep Kenyatta's popularity high as a national father-figure who cuts across tribal divisions.

Kikuyus make up a fifth of Kenya's liy2 million people; Kenyatta is one. HIS PERSONAL appeal and political shrewdness have masked the extent of By R. SARGE DACCA (UPI) The war in East Bengal has left behind an army of cripples who will have to hobble, drag and push themselves through life unless they get help. The new state of Bangladesh has no means to manufacture and fit artificial limbs and provide proper rehabilitation, its President Abu Sayeed Chowdhury told United Press International. Therefore, these unlucky survivors will have no chance to resume normal activities without foreign assistance, he said.

PARTICULARLY DURING the last stage of the war and the days after, mines scattered in streets and alleys, and abandoned explosives played havoc among the civilian population. Unsuspecting people of all ages had their legs blown off or arms shattered when searching for their belongings or simply walking through their neighborhoods. Doctors have struggled with limited medical supplies and tools to save lives, but once healed the permanently maimed are dismissed from the hospital and left to themselves.The president's namesake, Dr. M. R.

Chowdhury, principal and superintendent of Dacca Medical College and Hospital, estimates the 1 Jomo Kenyatta, At 82, Is Losing His Revolutionary Image.