The New York Times from New York, New York • Page 4

aw 4 gfcto gmrh Emus. WITH, KEW-tOnK, BATUEDAT, JAX. 17. 1874. AUVMXXESTB TRIM RTSX1SQ.

WAttAtWS TSIiTIIItsnt Kr. UtlM WeOaak. jh mnhw, J. i ta J1VIH ATEXVT TniAT ax Wits 3fc O. U.

HMkiaa. Jtlaa A4 Ojm ilitiitttl lui. i-'-- 4 KKm i THVATXii-rawwB Pro lira. J. a.

ImO, Mr. Jostph 'twlw-Msitnew a fcstt. CXO fQCABt TBSATBbWI inuf-W Aytae, Ml. Hmmrt actus. Mailaae a La.

CBAXD OPCIA-BOrn-Urn-rr Tm-n AboibsTt U. LsFx, M.aa F. Uijvwi Mitlrii at LA. 01TimcnrUTKAmia.OBC-Ttol(4tatoa Byaer Beliea.JttattaeBXl THIATHB COmorT Te Vuu irum Tmnrr" Mating Mil. MIMlxr OABDE, Tas Bbuju a rse Incni-Tke Tux Lawaow a rasn Ccuatmu-Ailerueva aad Saebtag, vrKECtfIiv4TK rsaroajugca audeteelag.

Cartwtt iea, ansTnoea ttmn Mtrnt Luwt-l, y. Seymour. MaHnaa BAUi HAUL Tea PnaiAllgory) atetlaesat 2. ASSOt'UTTOS HALL lacrma by htr. K.

A. Mot Bat Coined aud Malevra." ACABBMT Or XT BIO Coax ar of the JTitniarmiinle Beeiety. 'THE XEW-YORK TIHES. TBI TnUCSlathebeet daily Jam-. Jly paper paUlabed it eocUlna the latest news and 1 ut3irt4eBC aB objectionable sdrmOss moats ligklly excluded 1 and tt Uss constantly IB-creasing circulation among the moat respectable c)i aoij uf the evammaltj.

TEJUiB TO IIAII. SUBSCRIBES TT. tAiLl Tiass, pbpm, iuflodiag tb Sunday lk Dailt Tmaa, per aim. azcisaiva of Ua am day Ed tl 10 Tba aday Edition, par aanom. 3 Iktlm-ITmu Tutu, per 8 TtaWaaaxr Tiaa.pff annnm.

Ova rstca of Tbk Wkkk1.t all toana ToaVeiBea adV Itra ptaa, an aaanm, 7 tO Ta aoplca, pet flS AOi Twaaty optea par aiiaaaa, S4 Tlifaty eapiaa, par aas.ua, $30, aod Cca extra copy to aack lluix. Far avary claa at fifty, osa capT Tub tou-Wiuit Tiaa ta tba grtier-trB of Uia duh. WTtaa tba limn of antaefaara ara raqairad to ba -nrlttra upca aaak papa a( tba dak a tana poai-offlca addnaa, taa aaata faraackaopy addtUoaal ta taa aavra Cle rates of Taa bsi-Wkbbxt Tucat Tvoooplaa 00a year, $5( tea copies, oaa year, $25 And oaa extra aopy frae. Xaw BOjaea saay aa addad to elnba at any Mcadaxlac tha yoar, arduk ratea. Tmm bdiViiui and Webjout ullil ana year ta clergyman aA tba lovtat ratas.

Tlaaa prioaa ar taartaile, Wo kaeo a travaBng acenta, Baantt la drafta a Saw-Tark ar Peat OOoa 3t uawy Ordrra, If poaalUe, sad irkera jetthar of tbeaa oaa ba ptvaarrd send tba BMary ta a npiwrd letter. Tana, oask ta adraaee. THB nW-TORK TIMES. 1 Kaw-TarkOty. TO AVTSRTJMtBM.

fy? For the accomaxxlaUon of np-towa rosidauta, adTartaMataaU Car inarrtkm ta Taa Tons wtU Ba ra-corrad at Xe. 5-4 Wast- SSd Jaaetiea of Broadway aod Otk ST. 1 Ko. S08 Wert SSd oppoaito Grand Opoia-konae, at aaaao rataa aa are char gad at oflUa of pakllaatUm. JtOTICX, Wo cannot notice anoajmoas coamninlratlnaa.

la Jleeeea we raanlra tba wrttara aasaa and artittMB, not Jet pablkcattaa, bat a gw rantee of rood lalta. We cannot, aader any atrctunstanaes. retura rejoeted omtnanleations, nor eaa wo aadertafca to piaeaiio Fob SaUCv A. fix-cylinder Be Preta, recently in urn in Oit oflit, in good order, eoiU bo mold tXtap. Appljat tke Conntin-room, Texi OffU.

'f TJum onaming Thb DiUT Tpcu nu4(j TsM Pacss. Ectty ntwdeaUr i hound to deliver the paper in it complete forwemd any faHuro to do so ekould bo reported mi tkt pubHca- tion once. An ebdonragiiig; evidence of progress Ciren yesterday by the Legislature was the passage to third reading by the Assembly, in Committee of the Whole, of the der of the constitutional amendment. i Aaoos the bills introduced in the iniereet of retrenchment is that providing that the Aldermen of this City shall receive no extra 1 pay for their services aa Supervisor. The charter undoubtedly aimed at tenninaticg the anomaly of drawing; two salaries for one set of duties, but the fkilure of the City and County Consolidation act prevented its pro-vUions from being applicable to the caso in question.

Among the bills in trod need f.r purely partisan ends, the most notable, so far, is that of Mr. Jacobs, for the amendment of the Brooklyn city char- tmt The proposals "embodied in this measure are symmetrical enough, and are not destitute of a certain superficial aspect of fairness. But they have the radical defect of perpetuating a vicious system of annnal legislative tinlcering at the funda-' mental law of a city which has hardly be gun, to test. -the working 'of a span new charter, and they are. further objectionable in throwing every second year the entire Municipal Government of Brooklyn into the arena of party struggle.

Brooklyn needs gwd men much luore urgently than new rj.tscre; and however admirable a charter like that of Mr. JACons may appear to his ovm stripe of prfesidonal politicians it is ailmlrably fitted to keep out of places of uiuaicial trvt citizens of high character kimI acrapulous self-mpect. The bill introduced into the Assembly for tu regulation of our 'street ears is well xaeaut. and we are glad to see a beginning made in this most necessary reform. What is wanted is a simple law prohibiting the i car companies from carrying any passengers bermid those for whom seats are provided, and compelling them to run a larger number of cars than they do at present in the busy hours of the day.

Xooe of the compaiiiee have down-town depots, where they are There should at least be a re serve of. cars not far from the City IlaH, so that ample aorommodation could be secured for the poblio between 4 and 6 o'elock in the afternoon. At any rate, let ms have the law prohibiting the companies from taking fares from passengers who can-, not obtain seats, and they will very soon find it to their interest to furnish enSkient ann.be of cars. The companies are rka aaouh do their work properly, and it is tune that the oablie secured some dae attsn- turn to their rights. At yesterday's session of the National Board of Trade the question of cheap transportation was discussed, and aerie of resolutions of strictly, conservative iharactex Were passed.

The first alma at the abuse of grain leakages in anllroavd ears. aaa the Xoortn is agaiost the cxtortiane of the freight lines. The second and third are alone devoted ta the general problem of transportation, They place on record the opinion of the board that Congress) should abstain lor the present from making any appropriations in aid of artificial means of transportation, and that it is inexpedient to seek by legislative enactment to fix rates of transportation. The Pope is not to hold another Consistory in February, so that there will be no more new Cardinals for the The hopes of the friends of Archbishop lleJHOXO and of "a well-known North American prelate" have, thereore, proved to be illusory. However, all aspirants for a place in the Sacred College may know from the example of the recent Archiepiscopal recipients of the dignity how to earn it.

Pastorals, in close knitation of the encyclical letters of the Pope himself, plentifully garnished with abuse of the King of Italy and the Old Catholics, are considered at the Vatican the most satisfactory credentials for a Papal elector. 1 A correspoodent, in another column, gives some interesting statements concerning; the operation of oar present methods of distributing the burden of taxation. The showing which he makes is certainly a remarkable one, and brings out clearly the necessity to which we have alluded, of a complete revision of the laws on this subject. We may say, by the way, that the tnferenoe from the United States Supreme Court decision, of which he questions the accuracy, which makes railroad bonds, owned in the State, but existing out of it, exempt from taxation, 1s that of Wells. We have not seen the decision in olL We are Inclined "to think, however, that Mr.

Wxixa inference is correct. A CHAPTER OF DEMOCRACY. Whenever there happens to be any difference' of opinion in the Republican Party concerning the course of any of its leaders, the Democratic papers seize upon it as a sign that a restoration of Democracy, is coming at last. But in such esses they are reckoning without their host. It is not at all certain that if the Republican Party, were to go to pieces at the next election, the Democratic Party, as it now exists, would be restored to power.

The people will not intrust their government to. a party simply because they do not like its opponents. They must have some substantial grounds for believing that the party seeking their confidence can forniah better measures and better men to carry them out. Ho such assurances can be found in the case of the Democ ratio Party, and we doubt if the time will ever come when they will exist. A couple of months Bince it was announced with a flourish of trumpets that the party was to be reorganized, that all its differences were to be adjusted, that its leaders were to be found thenceforth acting together in pursuance of common ends and according to leccgnized principles.

Certainly nothing could be more necessary than such an ar rangement to a party which hoped' to win general Obviously the country wiH not adopt a party until it knows substantially what that party is likely to do. It was high time that the Democratic leaders should make up their minds on what grounds they would make their appeal to the voters. They have for years been little better than political guerriUas, each prominent man "bushwhacking on his own account in whatever direction be thought advantage was to be gained or booty found. If anything like a national campaign was ever again to be contested by the party, it was none too soon to enter on preparations for it. Since the date to which we have referred, we have had a month or more of a session of Congress, and the Democrats have had a fair chance to show what their reorganization' amounted to, and what the country might expect from it.

We should be glad to be able to say that the plan had produced tangible results. We should welcome a con sistent, skillful, alert opposition in Congress as an advantage to the country and to the Republican Party. But, as a matUr of fact, there is nothing of the kind. The scheme, whatever it was, has ut terly broken down. The Democratic leaders never were more distracted, never as a body more inefficient, or as individuals more im becile.

Not to mention that they have not, for a single moment, taken hold of any im portant questions, or advanced any con trolling principles, or shown themselves able to set up agaiost the policy of the Gov ernment a policy of their own, look at the course they have pursued on the few prominent matters that have coma before Con gress, what conduct conld be more hopelessly stupid than theirs with reference to the Sslarybilir While they were running a raoe with some of the Republicans in pure demagog-ism, they eould not surrender their gains without an unmistakable pang. The result was that they clamored with the loudest for repeal, but found fault with every proposition that secured repeal. And if anything could be more ridiculous than the posi- -tion of, some of the Republican 'politicians on this subjectthat of Judge Law-Bxxcac, of Ohio, for instance it was the position of some of the so-called leaders of the Democracy, Mr. 8. S.

Cox, for example. And while some of their men, with entire confidence fn the blindness of their eonstiruenta, boldly defended the increase-of -salary measure, others as bitterly denounced it, so that there was no strong expression by any prominent Democrat but conld be matched by torn expression equally strong on the opposite aide, from some Democrat equally proroinent. On other measures the account of the Democracy is equally barren. There have been two prominent appropriation bills before the Boose, both of them relating-to the navy. one last passed involved the whole question of the conduct of one of the most extensive departments of the Government.

Yet the only effective criticiam of the measure coining from a Democrat was that the appropriation was too economical. And this criticism was itself criticised and violently opposed by Mr. FXkxaxtjo Wood, the chosen leader of the' Democrats, and the very apostle of the new reorganixatioa. The bills were passed with -vary little difficulty, and without eliciting from any Democrat a single suggestion en titled to attention. Thlsl the measure of ml the namocrars Uot have absolutely no policy to propose 09 any im portant subject, and they cannot hare any, Xt is plain that they are not likely in this way to win the eoafidenee of the country.

It was reserved for. the Democrats, how ever, to make the most conspicuous exhibition of their utter incapacity to. deal with the question of the hour even with reasonable regard for their own interests in the matter of the nomination for Chief Justice. It is well known that the Democratic Sena tors stood ready to confirm Mr. Cusaixo, not ealy in spite" of 'his ugly record regarding aweession, but because of It.

The news-nsoers of theNnarty everywhere took tmn.r ground, almost without exception. None of them had the sense to see that the worst possible thing that could happen to their party was to have the questions of the war They should have seen, if they were capable of learning anything in the school of where the worst dances are supposed to acquire something, that whenever the public mind, in this generation, is turned' 'toward the war, in any connection, or by any sug gestion, the 1 Democratic Party it sore to fall into disfavor. Apart' from all consideration of the country's real interest in the matter, the Democrats should," to a man, have, made it understood that Mr. CrsHixa could not have their support, that in no way, directly or Indirectly, would they give countenance to even suspicion that the results of the war could possibly be reopened. The war has been Pandora's box to the unfortunate The lid is pretty well closed now.

Surely they ought to know that it will not pay to lift it again. i The cause of all this confusion and weakness in the Democratic Party is not difficult to find. The party is actually, as it is ap parently, without principles or any common purpose. It is a party ef the pest. The notions it once held are exploded.

Its members may at some time form new ones; but they have-not yet formed any, and when they do it is probable that they will lo9e their character as Democrats. The party is yet numerically considerable, but its bond of union is almost destroyed, and if a new one shall be found it is not likely to include the same men. L. DEPRECIATED CURRENCY AND XA-TtOXAL PROGRESS: Senator Moktox evidently inclines to the belief that inconvertible currency is a national blessing. He has been informed that the three countries of Europe which Lave made most progress during the last decade ore Austria, Russia, and Italy; and finding that in all three gold has been dur ing the period in question at a premium of from 5 to 25 per he concludes that a depreciated currency i a necessary element of national progress.

The fact is, that with the exception of Spain and Turkey, the three countries recommended to Senator Morton's notice were, ten years' ago, the most! backward in Europe. Their rapid progress bince that time has simply been a recovery from a period of se. vera prostration, and their restoration to financial and commercial health is still very far from complete. The infallible evidence of this fact is precisely that selected by Mr. Mortox as a proof of vigor, namely, that they are still unable to float a national currency at par.

Gold is at a premium in these countries, because jit a time of dire necessity their Governments were compelled to call in the aid of the printer to give the name of money to certain pieces of paper, which neither represented salable commodities, nor their and which were not, thereiore, in any sense, money at all. The forced loons upon the national banks and the people thus made by the Governments of Austria, Russia, and Italy, are quite as defensible by the "higher law" as our own recourse to similar methods. But the fact of remaining unable to pay them is surv-ly the best of all proof that the scars received daring a national struggle with fortune have not yet been healed. It is to the credit of the statesmen of Mr. MoRTOx'a three sample countries that they have steadily treated a depreciated paper currency as an obstacle to progress, and have bent all their energies toward placing it at par with' gold.

Since the date of the French revolution to the present time, the national revenues of Austria have never balanced her expenditures. From 1789, therefore, her national debt has been steadily oh the increase. Starting at 1 $170,000,000 in that year, it reach according to the latest statement, of which were line to the war with Prussia and Italy in l6bn. With the closa of that straggle began the emancipation of Austria from Jesuitism, in the court and feudalism in the Cabinet political freedom was granted where its only hope had before been revolution, and national progress and restored popular rights went hand-in-hand. Aa a financial historian put it In 172, The Vienna Government and Legislature are no longer the heavy and perpetual drag and 'discouragement on all new enterprieee which they were a few years ago.

On the contrary, their spirit of practical and progressive reform seta an example to other nations. All over the rich, couutries of the Danube, capital and labor are vigorously at work in discovering and turning to profit the amazing resources which have been lying unheeded for -1 Such are the true reasons for the progress of the country that stands next to the United States in its rate of commercial advance during the' last decAde. It has purchased liberty, from the necessities of its Government, but these necessities have cre-abd an artificial monetary system which has been a drag upon, its commerce, and has already brought its' own penalty in the shape of one very sharp collapse of credit and an epidemic ef widespread ruin. This latter point of analogy was probably overlooked by Senator Mobtok or his informant, as well as the further that" the financial policy of the Ansrro-Uttngarian Administration has been steadfastly directed to a resumption of specie payments, and the consequent restoration of the national credit to its proper place in the Exchanges of Europe. Passing to Russia, we find an almost similar state of things, only the depreciation of the currency is of ttachlder date, and the most recent period of national prostration is tea years antecedent to that of Austria.

CaTbxrisx IL was the first Russian Sovereign who took to noanuZactnring "money aa a large scale, She left at Bar death a supply of 200,000,000 of paper roubles, UAMU iawJMid -so make nS daAVrita In the national balance sheet. Tier axampla was extensively Imitated by her successors till, in ISIS, silver was at a premium of Z1B, one silver rouble worth four paper roubles and eighteen The Russian Government certainly did not conclude that unlimited paper money was a national blessing, and for about thirty Tears after! the date of the Napoleonic wars they set themselves to working out the problem of approximating the national currency to its face value. By the passage of a Legal-tender act, the institution of a central Government bonk, and the gradual development of the country, the diaeount on paper money has been reduced from 313 to an average of 15 per cent. Of late yean the note circula tion of RuawLs has undoubtedly increased, and its reserve of specie suffered a diminu tion; but tne financiers of the Empire are never likely to commit again the mistake of supposing thst an inconvertible paper cur rency ean ever permanently take the place of money. "senator AlOBTOX cites Germany among the most progressive countries of the last decade bat as Germany trades on a specie basis, and as her hunger for the precious metals is notorious, that example cannot serve the purpose of his argument.

Italy has been struggling ever since her consolidation as a kingdom against Impending; bank- rnptcy. When her credit failed her in 1367 in borrowing to meet the annually-increas ing disparity between revenue and expend! turea, she took to selling church lands, State railroads, tobacco monopoly, State domains, and what not, and yet the gulf needs at least $150,000,000 more to -fill it. Over 130,000,000 of legal-tender notes, as we should call them, are ia circulation in Italy, besides other floating evidences of national indebtedness. But to bring back Italy to a specie basis has been the ambition of every Finance Minister for the last five years, and the Administration which accomplishes that feat will, in the estimation of the Italian people, cover itself with imperisha ble glory. PHILADELPHIA STREET RAILROADS.

The question of getting from one part ef a city to another is always especially interest ing in Winter. We propose, in this article, to say -a few words about the way in winch our Philadelphia neighbors manage the matter of local conveyance. There is, we believe, no such thing as an omnibus line anywhere in the closely-built portions of the Quaker City. The aggre gate length of the street railroads is about 800 miles. Most of the lines are single track, the streets through which they pass being generally only fifty feet wide, thus requiring the cass to run up one street and down another.

The location. v.f the roads is generally judicious and convenient. If the whole thing were to be done over again, the arrangement in this respect might, no doubt, be somewhat better but the changes would not be very material, and in many cases there would be no differ ence at alL The Philadelphiana complain a good deal, and with much reason, of the manner in which the cars on some of the lines are crowded at certain hours of the day. But, as compared with the people of Xew-Tork, they have little ida of what a crowded street car really is. Those of tbem who have been here, and have had occasion to go up town at about 4 o'clock in the afternoon, can of course give their friends some faint description of such a vehicle in the Metropolis but the subject is one to which no description in words can do Justice.

A crowded street car In our happy City ia a thing which must be seen to be appreciated. Indeed, merely seeing it is not enough. A man must not only look at, but ride in, it. Still, some- of the Philadelnhii lines are gradually approximating to our standard, and in a few years our companies may per haps have little reason to boast of their su periority in close packing. Most of tho Philadelphia horse railroads are, we believe, required by their charters to keep the roadway of the streets through which they pass paved and in order.

It ia small praise to say that these streets are as well, or perhaps better, attended to than those which are cared for directly by the municipal authorities. The regular fare on the Philadelphia roads is seven cents; but tickets "good on any city railway are sold four for a quarter of a dollar by the conductors. There is, also, an arrangement between some of the roads running east and west and some of the north and south lines for "exchange tick ets from the point of intersection, whereby the whole charge for the two rides is nine cents. On the principal roads, these fares yield enormous profits, the dividends being, in many cases, fully double or treble as much as would, after making all reasonable deductions and allowances, be amply sufficient to render the amount of capital actually paid in an excellent investment. Philadelphia has, as moat of our readers are no doubt aware, few great thorough fares.

Owing to the shape of the city and the regularity of the streets, men in going to and from their places of business have much oftener than in New-York a choioe of two or more equally advantageous routes. Besides this, the average Philadelphian lives much nearer his business than the average New-Yorker. But the difference in regard to short travel occasioned by this latter circumstance ia not so great as might at first be supposed, owing to a curious preference on the part of the primitive inhabitants of the City of William Pxkx for eating with their families Instead of feeding at a restaurant. With a Philadelphian what he eats, though not a question to which be is cnaracteristically indifferent, is usually of much lees consequence than where he eats it. The sacrifice 'of time and convenience which he is willing to undergo in order to avoid taking even one meal a day away from his wife and children, would form an exceedingly interesting topic of observation and study to a traveler from the Metropolis.

A great many of the Philadelphia -street cars, have the front platform completely railed in, and no steps or other means of ac- bs to it for psssesgers except through the car. Cars thus built can, of course, only be used on the roads where the line of the track is such that the vehicle can always be 1 run with, the same end first." But even where the two platforms are alike, there is much lees getting on and off the front one than there is here. One reason for this dif-terenee is, that there Is not so frequent necessity for riding on the front platform to avoid the atteraativo of walk-, or for 1 oiaeiiglng at the froxvt door in order to escape from the interior at alL All things considered, the means of local travel in Philadelphia are, on' an arentge, better than' they are here. We hope the people therethose of tbem, we mean, who have never visited New-York there is no danger in regard to any who have ever been here will not bo unduly elated by this limited commendation. Some of their lines, in deed, do all, or nearly alL that, ia view of their income and reeonrcea, could bo reasonably asked of them but these are decided ly the exception.

An efficient city Government wculd accomplish much toward im proving the state of affairs. THE EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL OX. AXI- Much attention has been excited recently in England and Germany by certain experi ments by Prof. Bxnz, of Bonn, Prussia, con cerning theefiocta of alcohol upon warm blooded animals, and inferentially upon man. All our readers who have had experience with a very low temperature and its effects, will recall bow common tfcs observation was that drinking alcoholic liqnors reduced the power of enduring cold.

The resrnlax dram- drinkers always give way sooner under an intense cold, and travelers who are in a country of Arctio climate understand now that tea is a better warming draught than brandy. Prof. Blvz's experiments show that the supposed heat of the, organism after drinking alcoholic drinks does not 1 The subjective impression is, at least, partially the consequence of an irritation of the serves of the stomach, and of the enlargement of the vessels arising in the skin. Under small doses, the thermometer shows no great increase or decrease of the temperature of the blood. doses, not sufficient to produce drunkenness, cause a distinct decrease of temperature of short duration, and large quantities, enough to occasion intoxication, produce a decided lowering of the temperature of 3 to 5 Fahrenheit, lasting several One of tke disputed questions in medical science for ages, has been the effect of alcohol in cases of fever.

Prof. Brxz injected putrefying blood into his animals, and thus gave them putrid fever. lie then administered alcohol, dilated with water. 1 Previously to this potion, the animal had manifested all tho symptoms of putrid fever, its temperature was increased, and in cases where alcohol was not given, the disease went on to its consummation death. The alcohol, however, at once reduced the heat, retarded or prevented the putrid process, and increased the action of the nerves and the heart.

The animal taking the alcohol soon ran about the ethers who had not ccived it speedily died. Our readers will recall similar effects of alcohol in cases of rattlesnake poisoning. The effects, then, of alcohol on warm-blooded animals seemed to be, reduction of temperature, increased action of the heart, together with the en largement of the vessels of the skin, which allow a stronger evolving of the blood at the surface of the body, and then a retardation of waste of tissue; These results, though not new, are interesting aa being so directly the result of experiment. An Engliuh authority, Dr. Bnrvrox, in remarking on these experiments before the British Association has drawn certain sup positions from them pf importance to wine-drinking persons.

His hypothesis is that alcohol produces a successive paralysis of different parts of the nervous system. First, the vaso-motornerves are affected, and the blood-nerves consequently dilated. That is, the handa, tat instance, become red and plump, showing that arterial blood Is flowing freely through the capUlarieaand at the same time the veins are dilated. Sometimes the vessels of the stomach are dilated, and the blcod is abstracted from the the individual becoming sleepy sometimes the arteries of the head are filled' first, and the intellectual faculties are excited. Different portions of the brain also are stimulated or paralyzed.

the centre, or the convolutions which, govern the co-ordinate movements, may be paralyzed, and the man may bo drunk in his legs though not in his head, while the cerebral lobes may be less affected, or the reverse may take place. It often happens that the cerebellum is paralyzed while spinal cord is unaffected, so that a man, who cannot walk, may be able to ride, owing to the reflex contraction of the muacles of his thighs against the pressure of the saddle. The final paralysis i-t of the spinal cord, producing the extraordinary nervous diseases so common now, and of the awdmJla oblongata, which causes general paralysis of the whole Whatever truth there may be in these in ferences from Prof. Burz'a experiments, Dr. Bkcntox makes some sensible remarks on the judicious use of alcohoL lie states, what every one knows to be true, that many men.

in middle life come home from their offices completely exhausted, and the stom ach is utterly unable to do ita ofiice. A-glass of pure wine, (not brandied.) taken with the food, stimulates the stomach to in creased action, and the food is digested and absorbed, so that the effect of the food remains, though that of the alcohol soon passes away. If, however, alcohol is taken habitually dpring a long time in consider able quantities, it is apt to produce an ex cessive deposit of fat, and fatty degener ation of the heart or of other vital organs, tendering a person leas vigorous in throw ing off disease. The inference from these experiments, and very probable hypotheses, obviously, that the habitual use of alcoholic drinks should be a matter of great cau tion with every one; and that liquors containing large alcoholio proportions, such as brandy, whisky, and port and sherry, should be avoided by most persons and clarets or other light wines, or beverages without any alcoholic character, should be substituted for the heavier drinks. WAGER OF RATTLE IX KENTUCKY.

The form of trial known as wager of bat tle had many charms for our simple and hard-headed ancestors. They had not learned those secret but costly delights of going to law," which exert such an irresistible fascination over their sophisti cated and luxurious descendanta. So when two of fell cut about a trespassing cow, or a disputed balance, instead of going to the. trouble and expense of hiring counsel and bribing witnesses, they Lad but just to arm tltemaelves with staves of an ell long and a four-cornered leathern target and belabor osm anotbrr tontll the truth haume insialftst. It is tree the-method had obvious ocotioraa, art the leas of whirA of apparent coxttectlCm' between righteous ness ox soul and thickness of kkiUl.

But the simplicity and cheapness of the system overcame these' defects, and, so late as the reign of. Geobox IIL, it was a part of the common law "of England. 'During that -reign, however, wager of was abol ished, and people concerned for the admin-istration of Justice juajr feel some interest in a welmeant attempt to revive it ia Ken tucky. -i try The disinterested persons who have undertaken this important public enterprise are ranked among the first families, of that favored Stated which does not yield to Vir ginia herself in the profusion, and what may be termed the fixstneea, of her. first fami lies.

They are. called respectively the THOJtTSOXS and the. Datirses, and after having long been 'friends, had at last the misfortune to fall out. The-' result was a lawsuit, which came to trial at Harrodaburg, and elicited some 'extremely liberal swear- in; from both families, with perhaps an nnacceswry amount of. reciprocal candor respecting "each 'other's charac Members of both lawyers.

In all of them enough and to spare of old-fashioned Kentucky "chiv alry," of the sort that makes it incumbent on gentlemen who have disagreed to go about like walking armories, and do a good deal of shooting on sight. T6 these high-minded parties, plaintiff 'and defendant, the reflection must have come simultaneously that the modern way of trial was a great waste 01 tune and temper, and that, a re vival of the wager of battle in Such eases would be an. economy alike of swearing and character. 1 This conviction finally blossomed in the court-room into the most successful free fight that narrodsburg had ever seen. The result of the discussion was a complete and triumphant refutation of the' Davies party, of whom the father and two sons were killed outright and a third, son severe ly wounded, while the Thompsons escaped with only trifling hurts.

The Judge, was lucky enough to have a rather stout by stander fall upon him, in an attempt to get away at an early stage of the proceedings. so that he heard the argument at some per sonal inconvenience, but in entire safety. An inquiry Into the propriety "of this In novation has resulted 'apparently in fixing it as a precedent Kentucky justice. The Thompsoxs were exonerated, with the exception of Thoscfsok pere, who was found guilty of the undignified and ex-parte proceeding of chasing one of the younger Da- vtjes two blocks, and then shooting him In the back. The sentence of tha court was that he should be Instantly "discharged on bail.

We suppose, then, that trial by wager of battle may be" regarded as definitely restored In Kentucky. We venture to suggest, however, to future litigants that the technical weapons are cudgel and target, as we have described, and that if they wish to substitute revolvers, it is only, fair to give the Judge warning in season to adjourn the court, or to take a hand in, as he may de sire, THE COST OF THE TICHRORSE TRIAL. The last adjournment in the extraordin ary Tichborne trial gave the British pub- lio an opportunity of calculating the cost of the most marvelous legal' seroation of the age. The interest in the claimant's movements has begun to poll slightly upon English tax-payers hence their very natural anxiety to learn how much they will have to pay for their whistle. Scores of letters have been addressed' to the leading news papers on the subject, and, from exhaustive articles in the London and provincial press, it seems that the most modest estimate of the cost to the Government of prosecuting the claimant for perjury is set down at half a million pounds.

This estimate is made upon the supposition, that the trial now in progress will be the last trial of the Tichborne" Down to the present day, the claimant Baronet, or butcher, or whatever he may be has 'cost the British, pnblic in Judicial salaries 'alone 25,000. The first trial, in which the claimant was plaintiff, occupied the late Lord Chief Justice Bo till one year; hence tho Chief Justice's salary, 7,000, was lost to the other litigants of the day, and expended on the claimant alone. The present trial is conducted before the Lord Chief Justice of England, and two of the puisne Judges of. the Queen's Bench. It has so tar lasted twelve months.

Henee an expense of 13,000 8,000 as salary of the Chief Justice, and 5,000 each for the puisne Judges. This, added to the previous 7,000, makes up the 25,000 we hare named. Prior to the two last trials there were the salaries of Yioe Chancellors and other officers of the Chancery Court to be considered. These have been roughly estimated at 7,000. The most important part of the expense, however, Is found in the fact that the crown has taken up the prosecution in the present trial.

The ablest advocates at the Bar have been engaged, and the fees paid to them, if tho statements made in the public prints are correct, are -simply enor mous. Mr. Hawkins, the leading counsel, is said to have received a retaining fee of 1,000 on his brief, and also to bo in receipt of a daily refresher -appropriate term of 50. Mr. Serjeant Parry is credited with having been retained by a fee of 750, and refreshed daily with 30.

The three junior counsel are dismissed with retain ers" of 200, and nfreshers" of 10 to each. The next feature in cost is the expenses of witnesses. These witnrsaBS, numbering about 150, have not only to be kept in the court from day to day, but many of them have been brought from dis tant parts of the world. Their expenses can scarcely be estimated several of them are known to have received lump sums of 1,000. and less, to induce them to leave their distant homes, apart from their dairy expenses, while in As if sll these items were not sufficient, the claimant's friend, Mr.

Whaxxjct, -turns up with the mysterious Lets, who creates a profound sensation by testifying on the claimant's behalf, and a profoonder sensation by prov leg to be a ticketof-leave man. To destroy Mr. LcrK's evidence, thousands of pounds were expended en a cossmission to rbla country, and a few thousands more in prosecuting detective inquiries throughout Great Britain. AH these expenses, we must re member, have been tneorred ia wiwss iillug the that the Oaa-oat of tha British pubs' at 'Zb tlitLIj debase' neatly as expenaiva to them. Is matter of The crown, sensed, 4a pay claimant's ThU ia a very mr.

ordinary proceeding, and howarer merdfal and grtkBvons if may be, seems to us ratbet absurd. It is analogous to a ease of having our pocket picked, on Broadway, giving I man In charge for' the crime, paying own expenses, and furnishing the prisoner with funds to defend himself, and by means, perhaps, putting ourselves out of court- If in this tedious Tichborne affair there were anything important to fight for tha tax-payers of England might not grodg tht expenditure. But there really is noC This enormous waste of time and money is anpT caused by fact that a man failed to get an estate on tlMfToundthat he was heir, sad has been charged, 00. hie own showing, vitt perjury England fondly hopes to see tht end of the Tichborne bu si ness before Fbb. ruary, and if she does ahe will receive out hearty congratulations, as she at present Lai our incerest eynpatliica.

MASSACHUSETTS re Ike Xdifr of tte JTew-rare TtaMai The Evening Foot undertakes to make bob corrections ia tie recent jdetare gteoa ta year eul anas of street coaTooiancea la CaBabrMga, tat writer of tke article taas criticised bat sooatW engbry fssatliar wtU Cambridre fa TOMS psat. A larra, aad oertsinJy aiack-bFaqi Hon of Ceaskridge, Is beyond Harvard oansre, asA therefore, entae fear rntHlem trom Unslisi. Tke aula oooTej-aaoe ttimt eat ef thm towae is by korae eara, aad those small oaoe. Kot oae peraoa ia a ksadred goiag into Boston Bees the steam cars, are at quite a diets nee trom' tke centre of tke tews. A steam railroad eommntcaHnsi eoaU ko made aa easily between Harvard sqaaro aad Boston as Between Forty -oaeostd street and Harlem Bivec, ia tau City.

Tba sidewalks of Cam bridge are bldeooa Uawarfc or too lace aero wita Bans, ndnnh. with aaow-water. Tsey are gtenaDy below tba grsds of tke a4jAning lota. Is moat of toe streak) very few draiaa are vlatble, aad I Soaks if tkere mack wafloi'di aliilng, The tiompkilat Is eaaataeS taau tka imHmhitaata af Mkad dTalna- t. wall know (Lst oae of the expected lmj front uniting Boston aad Caabridge Is la aad sidewalks.

i Ops kaa only to walk la the wsstksr we Bars to. eoauy sen auio eaca aiaa 01 tee eiiiai.m. Tier an avu evearao aaa towers iw iaaarvangry, or BJ the ether direeUoa toward Bostoa, past tke saw Aiamni winning, to so eoaviaeaa vast year smce area were watt fosnded. If there la a "city" la Vssss'csasotta, sesUai Boston, larger than Cambridge new la. 1 ahoald Has to know tt by name, aad wOl eerreotBiygsugiaphy.

If year criticisms rosso ap the Csaakridgs reaV oeois so aoans- Bwaniima. lor sae practical istarets. meat of their beaatlfol town, they' wtQ mot reerw year The Beat peraoa af the Tintaw of Cambridge win eortalnty sgree with yoo, Thopopalsttoaof Cambridge ta 1870 was JU, aad ealy sonae t.00 leas than Worcester, the sand largest city" the ia sfsssarhssatts. It is Wlaeel now that Cambridge has kstassa ftfty aad sixty thousand population, and Is far ahead of Wereeetae. I is.

Sir. yours respectfully, the writer af the article AXSXXXXIQX.9 Xxw-Tosx. Friday. Jan. is.

1874. -1 AW BSUae oMs JTaawrerk Twees Allow ane to ssy a few words in reply te your editorial oa naeratloa and Its Fruits." Tut IWWva, A UTW w. iagyniageef Cambridge, Van aad foe the past tea years have spent each year several weeks there, vat should sever have reoogalaed my cadre place from your description. Barer had the Blears re Bf vlsn lng a BoaaUa frontier town, ar a geaeaB Eooal village, so casjaot snake aay comparison betoeas places aad Cambridge 1 bat have Veea foe years past a resident fas what iaewapartef STew- Tork City, Let as eompare this to Cambridge, has hardly a single sewer. Cambridrs, notwithstanding the statements ta tow editorial, has ens through ajmost all the mala sUaats.

Kor. rissoia kas a water supply 1 Cambridge farniahee aB Ita wfch ample supply ef purs water. bb te Jan. 1, 1674. had aet a single steam fire-engine, and wbea a fire ecoaired It might Vara oat.

for all tke active aad well-trained Tire Department aid. Take aa instance ta point. A large dwelling -koese eaagat are from aa adjoining tactory, aad, after tha lapse af forty-eight hours, daring which the fireenea steand draak overy- thing eatable and. drinkable ta he found wtthia its walls, aad wrangled with each ether, this home burned te the ground, Cambridge has had, for year, aa efficient lire Department, wall prorlded with tha mora. As for sidewalks and flooded streets.

mnd aad slash. would like to have oae ef year reporters try to cross the street so which bra, and which Is ens of the main avaoaee ta this tows. The experiment, daring tho recent thaw, would certainly hare been made st the risk ef losing sanshees, a aet Boots also, as for oonunaalcauoei wua iwetaa. jeu aeetn eqtaaily misinformed. Tke cars reach every part us town, aaa riesnnseos, speea, sve, ar far SBperior to aay Sew-Tork Una.

DoabUeesmtay toprjovamenia are need ad but yea most rsmember -thst Cambridge has grown so fast that it has bees mjfc mm. vnmm tarn (Iim. wnmIiiAA ta 1830 waa afteea thousand it is now, yew say. between. fifty sad sixty fhonssad.

Aa to 00m paring its c-cant, comfortable, well-bail private reeidaotes with the cheep, flimsy boosesof Usubrbeof XeaVTerk, shall say aothlag nor need eompare tha ee easlonal cases ef-typhoid fever with the aaxvarsal epldaaale which makes orery innahltaat of the appoT -Bert of aw.Tark Pit, and aU ita BBBarha wtthia thirty muss, doss themaalTee with suiniao, ai seats, stryohnJa. A evarv Sammer. AST OLD RraiDETT OF CAMBSXXXiX. VoBAuasJOA, Thursday, 15, 1374. AMUSEMENTS.

OQ3TCZBT. Signer Skougaard Ssveriniwill this erenhif give a concert at Stele way Hall la aid ef the Bcaa dinaviaa poor of The piHiaiiimB, which ia both liberal aad interesting, will be interpreted by a large aatnber sf performers, aaa, as the entertainment Is wader the peraaag of many procaine persons, we eaa hardly sVobM that the at fsir wffi sasAerianv eorceesf at TO-mOHT'S PHrLOAJtafOXIC coxcrsT. in intra I'tiunarmooie concert 01 we prevent nana asay be atteaded at the Academy ef VaeUtklaeveBisr, Tke first rikianal. yesterday, was very largely attended. Th procrammo tha recited, aad to be interpreted wUk aU solssaalty to night, Is as follows Partt "gam MlrehcB von ear ackSaea aaiaaiaw OB.

S-A. na aaa- For plana But. Bo. IS. With erebeesral terebeatral aeenriipaatBiaet, rsotasls la F.

aat Sekakert Arraagd toe orrkaetr by K. BudorC) AUrrre aaett aasAaraae. Alleg JftTaee. trade Saw fbeom rartrr. tsaaai.Op.za irtiamSBB WAZXACXW Bulwer'seotnedy of Money is tabs acted at Wanack's this svasdsg, for th first Orne ia Urae years.

Ifr. Lester WsQack win perse! Alfred htr. Joka Bromgham wO 1 ipt issal Jtemjumi Ktomt. It Mr. Harry Beekstt la to smbedy Ormeet, Mr.

W.B. Floyd will portray Sir rredemkSlevJ, and the 1 as Is lug role are take filled by Meaera. T4k aadBrowao, ky ajb. 2wBlal. ami by kliaam JefiVwrsirwis aaal Dor OokUkwalt, This die-tnktrrts potnta to very strong aad levsa srlor aa to sach as, ta fact, as may sxpect at the prmsnsat ahldlag place of UgWelass eoaasuy Is thUeotutry.

Talzatr. present at In of "Mansy is to bo Bawl parucolariy totorssUaar by a tcpro- SocUim ef tho gam Ming aces a alsaryaiUtod aadaowtoB!.