The New York Times from New York, New York • Page 1

i mi I. i VOL. XVIII NO. 5470. NEW-YORK, THURSDAY, APRIL 15, 1869.

PRICE FOUR CENTS. WASHINGTON. The Naturalization Treaty with Great Britain Ratified. Otter Important Treaties Considered by the Senate Sixty New Nominations Sent In by tho President. Via Xew-Tork RtYcnne Appointment! FaTor-ably Reported bj the Committee.

The OfSce-Saeken DlBCraraed but Still Pertinacious. Ip.eial riaratchea to the New-York Time Wa'Hinoton, Wednesday, April 15. The crowds icsulng from the vestibules of a church at the of religious services, or from a place of pnblic meeting after tho adjournment has been declared, give a good idea of tho sc ne daily presented at the Capitol about noon, wbi n. afti-r the Chaplain's prayer, the throng of oflii c-scckers and lobbyists files Uirouj-h the half-dozen doorwuys of Uie Sonata rhanilMT out Into the corridors and jaa- aces, there to -watch and speculate uu til the doors are attain thrown ojicn and the Executive Si ssiou is at an end. They come there rally in tho, morning, long before the body is called to order, utid wait persistently until no hope is left and further delay can.

accomplish uogood. Every Scnutor has his own following. rutin the reverse is the fact. Every gang has Its Senator, who Is compelled to listen at all hours of the day. aud almost of the night) to the prayer, entreaties and htic twice a score of canliJaNs for offlce.

As a general thing the nomiLutinn of a man for a position has the effect of sending all the other candidates to their homes; but this is not always the rule. Wher ever there a prospect that the nominee can be defeated Id Committee, his rivals, fasten on him with grim tenacity; and exhaust tho vocabulary of abusive epithets in the hope of killing him, to use the technical ilitl al slang of the hour. The presence of so large a number of strangers In Washington, and of so numerous a host around the Senate every day, must be accounted for by some -u reasoning as this for nearly all the best place have been given away, and the prizes which retnalu to be distributed are too few and too unremuueratire to render a sojourn or a visit here at all profitable, especially when the iiidi-4 vidual chances of obtaining even the least important are so slight. There was, however, a perceptible diminution in the number of people at the Capitol to-dny. The two hundred and ten nominations which were made yesterday lessened the little army iu town by about a regiment but, not withstanding the diminution, the unprae-ticed eye would not le very apt to noti-e that the crowd wan dwindling down to comprehensible figures.

There were no interesting episodes to chronicle to-day. There was the same anxiety as yesterday, relative to appointments, and shrewd were the ruesscs and many the inquiries which were made on all sides. The President's Message was not received until after 2:30 o'clock. Tlie weary waiting until that hour ruffled many temjM rs, uiid heu, after some further waiting, tta story as told, the Joy of tho few successful was entirely lost in the disappointment of the gn at majority. The scenes around the Scnnle door were similar to those of the preceding day cards to Senators, whispered consultations in niches and window recesses, rushing hither and thither in quest of.

information, tramping of hundreds of feet across the tesselati pavement, and the geueral in-qairy everywhere, Well, what do you heart" and the almost invariable mechanical response, "Nothing of any consequence." Such was the picture. THE IAKJ1N CAKAL TREATY. The Im nntc was all this time in Executive Session. At an early hour-it leaked out that the grave gentlemen indde were considering some treaty. Few knew or cared what commercial or political stipulation it waa except a few Journalists and a score of interested parties.

The Darien ship Canal Treaty, which was debated en Monday, was again taken up to-day. All the speeches made are understood to have been against Its ratification. Among those who spoke wen- Messrs. Fkfemen, Wilson, Warner and others, and it is rcjiorted that in all the arguments against it, the mine grounds were urged, Th.it while, by the terms of the treaty, tho United Mite was bound to construct the canal, no privileges beyond the mere right of way were accorded in return. Finally the whole 6ubjee: waa postpoued until next session.

NATITRAL1ZATION. A Nat nrallrntlon Treaty with Great Britain, similar to the ether ones negotiated on the same abject with other European Power, waa ratified, and the Hsn juau Treaty was taken up, but not debated. Mr. Howard baa prepared a long speech on the subject, hich he wiU probably deliver to-morrow. THE NEW NOMINATIONS.

The list of nominations to-dny was corn pa r-Uvely brief, there being but sixty-one of all kinds. None were of any special importance, beyond the renomlnation of CharlkstTJ. Crowe. ef Alabama, for Governor of New-Mexico, on whose rase the Territorial Committee have once reported adversely, but no action being bad the ftnatf the caw expired ltn tie ses- too. The nomination of lion.

Vl. A. DARXlNa aa Collector of tfar- NlnUi District, was alao returned to the Senate. The nomination of Cats, A. Dak editor of the Xew-York Sun, as Appraiser of Merchandise in place of Thomas Mc-SutATn.

removed, excited considerable surprise. People are wondering if Mr. Dana will bow have any higher Idea of General Grant's appointments than he has heretofore expressed. Be couldu't have a Cabinet position, nor be Collector of the lort, but be will probably be constant. XEW-TOXIt ItETESrk ArTOCITllKSTS.

The New-York Kc venue appointments, which were sent in yesterday, were reported back favorably by the Sub-Ctommittse of the Finance Committee to-day. and subsequently unanimously reported to the Senate. They will be eon-firmed to-morrow or next day. The ajrenta of the whisky ring are still trotting around, spending their money and efforts In Tain opposition to Bailkt and the rest. They wont be able to master Corporal's guard in their behalf, and the individual ho furnishes the money for these opera-ttonswillgo home thoroughly plucked.

roBxioM APrOixniXKTS. There le much grumbling 8ena-tore. Representatives and disappointed applicants at the Consular and dJp'ontatie list sent In yesterday, hut what could he expected where there were hut 300 positions at the outside, and ten thousand ex mere formal applications. Senators and representatives recommended many et their heat constituent, and received very few or no appointments la many eases, yet the list as whole, la an excellent There are very few block sheep among them, though some very funny Incidents havs been developed "at the result of making up the list. W.

Coleman, Attorney-Oeneral. North Carolina, who was an applicant, for a Mission, turns up with the Consulate at Stettin, Prussia, worth tl.ooo per annum. He telegraphs back his indignation at ten cents a word. Borne of the Missouri delegation, including Senator ScHfRX, who are great friends of General OsTKRiiArs, and desire him retained at Lyons, indorsed the papers of Mr. Li Sherman, a German editor of 8t Louis for a salaried Consulate.

To their surprise, and chagrin he comes in nominated Consul at Lyons rice Osterhacs recalled. Now they must fix up something else for Osterhacs but woe to the unlucky chap who gets a Consulate without the Indorsement of Senator. There is such a strife for these places that such a thing can never be tolerated by the gentlemen of tho Senate, and any nomination of that kind will be certain to be hung np until the Senator's influence Is made paramount in the eyeeof the applicant. The New-Hampshire delegation in a body called on Secretary Fish this morning, and with considerable pent-up indignation proceeded to protest against the removal of Mr. Hale as Minister to Spain.

They were somewhat nonplussed when Mr. informed them that Gov. Hale's resignation had been received. The diplomatic appointments will all be carefully scrutinized by the Committee on Foreign Relations, and there will lie considerable opposition to some of them, with a probability of an unfavorable report or at least non-action. At the meeting of the Committee this morning, Senator Cameron vigorously opposed Mr.

Cru-TIN for the Russian Mission, and will use every effort to procure an unfavorable rejHirt on hia nomination. There is some opposition also to Mr. Pile, of Missouri, in Committee, and his conllrmatian In by no means assured. The list of Consuls will also be carefully examined. It is understood, that the Committee on Commerce will refuse to report favorably upon the rase of any nominee who is not recommended by the Senators from the State from which he hails.

Dispatches to the Associated Press. Washington, Wednesday, April 14. The President sent to the Senate to-day the following nominations Charles C. Crowe, of Alabama, Governor of New-Mexico. T'nited states Marshals.

George K. Weutworth, for the Northern Dis triet of Florida. George J. I juninon, for Nevnda. William A.

Britton, for the Western District of Arkansas. Augustus Armstrong, for Minnesota. Samuel F. Carroll, for North Carolina. A ppraiser.

Charles A. Dana. Appraiser of Merchandise for the oi New-iom. Assessor of Internal Rerenvt. James Ashworth, Fifth District of Pennsyl vania.

O. P. Johnson, Second District of Kentucky. Collectors of Internal Revenue. Charles W.

Slack, Second District of Massachu setts. Wtlllatn A. Darling, Ninth District of New- York. John R. Reno, Second District of Kentucky.

Receivers of I'ublie Moneys. Stephen Moore, Mobile, Ala. William A. Davies, Stockton, Cal. O.

tlodfrey, Des Moines, Iowa. William A. IMngley, Montgomery, Ala. Charles M. Patterson, Marysville, Cal.

James Rruden, Grecnlcaf, Minn. Registers of Land Offices. Tt. F. Campbell, Vermillion, Dakota.

H. K. Anderson, Montgomery, Ala. C. T.

Stearns, Mobile, Ala. Pension Agents. Tt. M. Trentiss, Quincv.

111. Thuddeus Foote, Grand Rapids, Mich. I'ostmqsters. James Ferrler, at Jeffersoiiville, D. W.

Boyles, New-Albany, John J. HazelrlK, Greeusburg, Mrs. Win. W. Nichols, Leavenworth, Kansas; J.

F. Moak, Watertowu, N. Joseph Hall. Oconto. John It.

Lewis, Pulaski, John Wilcox, Eddyville. Iowa; William A. Whitely, Adrian, Charles R. Johnson, Gnflin, Thomas li. Rickey, Salem, Oregon Perry Hawes, Sedulia.

Michael Peg-gott, Quincv, ITL; John F. Wilson, Lynchburg, J. M. Rillmro. Santa Clara, J.J.

Smith, Oroville. Mary J. Falls, Vallego. Anthony Snnspeur, Lebanon, Edward H. Bears, Staunton, Thomas P.

Jackson, Farmville, Va. D. A. Sack'ett, Petuluma, Jacob Stongh, Bellefontaine, Ohio; Henry P. Davis, Mansfield, Ohio; Mrs.

Sarah, L. Pcizer, Doylestown, Caroline A. Arndt, Easton, Blair, Huntington, Jas. Semler, Williamsburg. N.

Forrest J. Weeks, Skaneateles, N. Chas. Welling, Jamaica, N. M.

F. Rowe, Yonkers, N. Jas. A. Tomlin-son, Fort Scott, Kansas; Lorenzo J.

Worden, Lawrence, Kansas; Abuer States, Jacksonville, Anson Patte rson, Joliet, W. E. McMeeh-ifl, Salem, Wm. H. Iliimphrcy, Lewiston, Samuel P.

Barbee, Danville, N. D. Sperry, New-Haven, Conn. CONFIRMATIONS. The Senate to-day confirmed the following nominations: Collectors of Internal Revenue.

David IT. Peabody, Fifth District of Tennessee. Foster Hooper, First District of Massachusetts. Andrew H. Young, First District of New Hampshire.

Thomas Harlan, Wyoming Territory. Enoch Emory, Fifth District of Illinois. Samuel L. Watson, Montana. Klbrilge G.

Gale, Sixth District of Michigan. Assessors of Internal Revenue. Samuel A. Haley, First District of New Hampshire. Chas.

B. H. Fessenden, First District of Massachusetts. Thomas J. Majors.

Nebraska. Edward Baker, Eighth District of Illinois. Miscellaneous. James K. Kennedy, to be Associate Justice of Washington Territory.

Wm. G. Whipple, to be Attorney for the Eastern District of Arkansas. Peter K. Carll, Marshal for Connecticut.

S. P. Evans, Marshal for the Eastern District of Tennessee. Orange Jackson, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court for Washington Territory. C.

Gordon Adams, Attorney for the Southern District of Mississippi. Edward Russell, Postmaster at Davenport, Iowa. Cyrus Northrop, Collector of Customs at New-Haven. Wm. M.

Evans, Surveyor of Customs at Park-ersburg. West Virginia. Colonel Edward 1). Townaend. Adjntant-Oen-srsl of the army, with the rank of BiiadLier-Oeneral.

Lieutenant-Colonel Richard C. Drum. A us lst- Adjutant-General, wltn the rank or Colonel. Major Kobcrt Wllliatui, Assistant Adjutant- Ofwrml. with the rank of Lieutenant-Colonel.

CMptain Judm P. Martin, ot tl)? Seveuth Infantry. AwilrtUmt Aujuutnt-Ooneral, wita tlie rank of Major. EEOOSSTRCCnOW. It is not probable that the President will take any action In regard to Virginia, Mississippi and Texas until the business of acting on the nominations by the Senate shall have been completed, and it is uncertain whether he ill issue a proclamation with regard to voting on the Constitution in those States or an address to the Military Commanders through the War Department.

THB SRISFRK OF CUBANS. Commander F. B. Fillxbrowh, commanding the United States steamer Sttrrngansett, reports under date of the Tth from Havana, particulars of two passengers Cubans) having been taken out ot the American schooner Lxxis Major, ten leagues Crom the coast of Cuba, by the Spanish frigate Fernando Catalico and imprisoned. The two persons Were named Don Baxtt-Aoo A.

Ajnnmji and Don Ram oh 8. Ritas. It seems that they took passage on the XiaW Major at Havana for New-Orleans. The schooner touched at Remedies, took In a cargo and galled on the 96th of March for her destination She was boarded ths aame day by the Spanlah frigate as above stated. The prisoners were carried heck to Rcmedlos and Ineareerated.

One of them a lad about tea years of age. They were visited prison by hfr. Btoxx. the United States Consular Agent at that port, who made a demand upon the Commandant of the Province for their release. This the Commandant did not feel authorised to do without orders from superior authority.

The case having been amade known to Mr. Hau, the United State YJce OansutOeneral in Cuba, he has ordered a thorough investigation to be made. The ground of (he arrest Is said to be that the names of the passengers were not on the manifest of the schooner. i REGISTRATION The President has directed the Secretary of War to order Major-General' Reynolds to proceed with the registration ip Texas preparatory to an early election. It is expiated similar orders will be Issued to cotnjniandlng officers in Virginia and Mississippi.

1 The President will avail himself of the opinions of the Commanding-Generals before issuing the proclamation authorised by the act of Congress, with refeirence to voting on the Constitutions of the respective Staffs. Many Senators are of the, ppiaion that the extra session will close this woek. DISMISSALS OF TREAqCRT CLERKS. There is now being prepared in the Third Auditor's Offlce of the Treasury Department a list of 139 clerks whose services will be dispensed with. This list includes 'all Democrats, members of the Johnson Departmental Club and Conservative Anriy and Navy UuiCn.

The notices of dismissal will be sent out lb the course of a day or two. A large number of female clerks will be discharged from the Treasury Department to-morrow. I VISITOItS TO THE tlfnTTK; HOrSE. The rush at the Executive Mansion continues. A large number of Senators' and Representatives culled on the President this mortinir.

F.XECCTtVE 8E8SIONi)F TltE SENATE. After prayer and the reading of the Journal of yesterday, the Senate immediately went Into Executive Session. Siinateatter Executive Session, without doing other business, adjourned. IMi-OUTKlijlKOS. The Treasury Department adlin'restotheclassl-fii atlon of certain iron frotn (iot lienburc, of an octagonal shiiie, under act of not otherw ise jirovided for, hud decides that ills dutiable atone cent and a quarter er pound.

UltCF.M OP BlIN. In the Criminal Court tomay.the Jury returned a verdict of guilty agafnst Leonakh Huyi ii, charged with the larceny of 13.ono of Govern ment bonds, a special' deposit by Colonel D. McNair with Mi kray 4 Co. i It willberecol-leM-tcd that ni'TCH waa Preslilent of the Mer chants' National Bank, which exploded here two or three years ago INTEREST doUrONS. The following was issued to-day Trkasdht DepaRtmrnt, XJ.

dpni limn, rotlce Is hereliy clven Hist the interest coupons pnyable on the first (my or dniv next, will ue nam presentation St the proper: offices upon a rebate of lntcxest at ths rate of six per cent, per annum. GEOHUK S. JJOU WELL, Secretary, ARMT AND NAVlj INTELLIGENCE. The following is the iorder; assigning Major-General Stewart Van Vleit ti the Military Division of the Atlantic. General Van Vleit waa for many years purchasing Quartermaster in New-York City i HEADQUARTERS PF THE ARMT.

r' ICE, S. UKF1I WasbinotoS, AurilS. 1S99. HPRnil. OPTtFtls "NTn.

K't llrf MAlnr-fpuprAl ft. Van vleit, D-puty Quartermaster-General, on C4im-pleting the diving up of ttip DepoS of Baltimore, win. take charire of the Denote of i'hllailelnhla and Schnvl- kill Arsenal, anil rejiort tMnJor-tSneralU. a. Meake, as ('hiet Quartermaster, Miliary division of the At- uuitic.

By nommnnd of General SHETtMAN, K. I. TowSsend, Assistant Adjutant General. Keax-Admtral Thomas TfCBAVKS has been ordered to the command of the Mare Island Nivt Yard. Uen-tenant-Coniniander GEO.

H. ILavwoou has lieen or- liered to the Naval Academy. Chief Engineer ED. waiip FTTHIAN has been- ordered to the J-Vankltn. Captain ThuMas G.

SALTbttfhas bettn detached from. the Haratoga and placed on waiting (Orders. Paymastor GUI.HK has been detached;" rom the Naval Academy, and Paymaster C. C. Jackson has lm ordered to that station.

Paymaster; G. U. i. BastON has re signed. 5 The monitor Saugus fitting out at the Wash ington Navy-yard, and about twelve days will be towed to the Cuban coast.

EX-PRESTDEJiT JOHNSON. Ilia Obitamry frern at reach Mtaad-Poimt. From Paris, March 2 The former Presidoht of the United States, Andrew Johnson, succumbed, on March 25, to the effects of an attack pf paralysis. This event, which would have mode, some months ago, a universal Impression, will now be hardly noticed in America, while in Eurorx) it will pass by almost un perceived. Johnson was living in retirement in his house at Greeuvlllo, in the State of Tennessee.

Scarcely a month after his relin- quisnmens oi power oo waa accounteu or no greater moment in the) politics of the land than his humblest fellow-citizen. In I860 the American people bad elected him to the Vice-Presidency only, thiit is to say, to a sinecure. A cruel chance the assassination of Lincoln threw into h3s hands the Presidential powers. Prom that day he fought one of the most desperate conjbats recorded in the constitutional historyi of any nation. While the struggle emlunil, he showed himself the man nature made him her handiwork he had neither time nor care to refatuiion.

die was violent, intemiiemte in speech, prodigal of insults, aud aiiilacions as well ias subtle, as was proven when, toward the closoof the year 18G7, he strove to rid himself of a Secretary of whom he disliked. Dwelling amid; a people whose familiarity is almost brutal, he found means to appear vulgar. 1 1 has been said that yielding to a weakness too comniou-among his druiit ryme.n, he feared not to stimulate a naturally excitable temperament. He was a member of no teminrance society. He had a coarse passion frr that which he deemed Just, and brought to.

the defence of the most righteous causes an Uncontrolled anger that, iu any other land, would have rendered these causes hateful, i It waS thus he wrestled for three years with Congress, and risked twice or thrice being susjiendea frotn his ottice, for he insisted that the pacilifcatiou of the South should not be a matter of ounqucst. But, most important of all things, he was a good citizen and a worthy man. On thje list ef l'resldents commencing with Washington and ending with Lincoln, the name ot the former tailor of Greenville will be one of the most Justly tsstecinod. Amen. The Removal Iflayar BargeH af Pciersbarg.

From the Petersburg April 1. The removal of Mf. Euaii Burgess, from the position of Mayog of this city, brought out the annexed correspondence i March 29, 1S89. Brevet MSoT-Oeneral btvnman, Cunanandina first Military Vittriet i Sia: 1 liave the honor fo acknowledge the reception of an extract from Special Unlers Nu. 65, Littal March 27, nofaiylng uieof iuy removal as Mayor of tne City of Petersburg: Binx unronxoiona of any dereliction of duty, or of any act ot my own preJudieijU ai order or oVtraiUnft the operatiou of the Ueeonstruetiou acta in Virtriula, 1 ruCot rerpecUoUy request that you wul lnlonu um uttheanheofinTrtmolfroiuofllCobyyou.

Very resuectfuily, yi)ur ouodient servant, i AtUbU bUKQFJS8. OSKERAL STONElAS TO K. ItORCKSS. HXAIKiCASTESS flBST MlUTAUT ILXUMT, i hTATS OF VllUilMA, Rich hon Va, March ai, itxa. Mr.

tturpeti, iturtcrurg, va. in mi I la nply to your eummnnleation of tno 2Stb asking to be inlirmed of tn cause of your re- moval from offlce as Mayor of the City of Peteraburc. I am dime led by the Conuunndliig-t General to aay that the reasons lor your removal were the aame as. it Is to be presumed, existed In the removal of himself, expediency and Uiejxibuc Aiterrata and beaioca, tout term of onloe. as pvorided i-or In Uia ardinaacaa Um cltv of petersbntpr, had Sxplred.

Yen will see the impropriety td the Cammandtng. Gent ral giving a reason to every one of the thonsanua of priaOLis hom he i called upon to reuiov from omce. i Very respertfnry, your obedient servant, 8. F. CM-ALt Xar A aiiatalit AihnUiit-Ceneral, 1 Jtrrmrtmw eX C3ews)rsa From KicAoutmd Whig, April IS.

Teeteirday at noon; General Stoxxman with his regiment, the Twenty-first United States In-tantzy. left Richmond on the steamer Maryland for Baltimore, whence they wtU eonttnoe their Journey by rail to Oxuaha. The General's family left with him. and win for the present stop In Maryland. The regiment numbered 58S men and Jirrf about twenty officers with it.

A number of the officers en duty here Including General yp. as well as clUsena, went to Rockett's to OUeneral BTOxxitAJi a parting shake of the Virginia may, contrary our present ex--nectations, remain years yet to eome under mlll-tarV rwleThot will never have commander ae aGroedlker. who will wave behind him more ain-eere friends and welWishers among her native neonle than did General GsoROR Stosxma this Burning when he bade svdlem to Rirhmoud and commenced his Journey to the Far West. It nnderstood that tho Tweaty-flrst will resnaln at Omaha until the Pacine Railroad Is completed, aathatthcr saake the entire trip by rail. THE ALABAMA TREATY.

Speech of lion. Charles Sumner Against its Ratification. Full History of the Negotiations with England. The True Ground of Complaint Against That Country. The Extent of Our Losses and the Just Eule of DamageB.

The following is the speech of lion. Ciias. SrsNEB, of Massachusetts, in Executive Session of the Senate, April 13, 1C9, on the Johnson-Clarendon Treaty for the settlement of Claims, the injunction of secrecy having been removed by order of the Senate Mr. President, a report recommending that the Senate do not advise aud consent to a treaty with a Foreign Power, duly signed by the Pleni potentiary of the nation, is of rare occurrence. Treaties are often reiortcd with amendments, and sometimes without any recommendation but I do not recall an instance, since ciime into the Senate, where such i treaty bus been reported with the recommendation which is now under consideration.

The character of the treaty seemed to Justify the exceptional report. Tho Committee did not hesitate iu the conclusion that the treaty out: lit to Is' reiecteil. and thev hsve said so. I do not dixguisc the importance of this act nut I Deiieve that in me interest of peace, which every one should have at heart, the ireutv must be rejected. A treaty which, instead of re moving an existing grievance, leaves it for heart Diiming ana rancor, cannot ne considered a settlement of pending questions between two nations.

It may seem to settle them, but docs not. It is nothing but a snare. And such is the character of the treaty now befoieus. The massive grievance under which our country sutrered for years is left untouched the nainful sense of wrong planted in the national heart is aiioweo to remain, mr all tnis there is not one word of regret or even of recognition nor is mere any Beuunance oi compensation. It cannot be for the Interest of either partv that such a treaty should be ratified.

It cannot promote the interest of the United States, for we naturally seek justice us the foundation of a good understanding with Great Britain; nor can it promote the interest of Great Britain, which must also seek a real settlement of all penning questions, surely I do not err when I say tnat a wise whether on our side or on the other side, must apply itself to find the real root of evil, aud then, with courage tempered by candor and moderation, see that it is extirpated. This is for the interest of both parties, and anything short of it is a failure. It is siifllcieut to say that the present treaty does no such thing, and that whatever may have been the disposition of the negotiators, the real root of evil remains untouched in all its original Bireninn. make these remuks merelv to char acterize the treaty and prepare the way for its ooiisiuerauon. THE TENDING TREATY.

If we look at the negotiation, which immedi ately preceded the treaty, we find little to corn- menu, xou nave it on your taDle. I think am not unstaKeu wnen say, that it shows a haste which huds few precedents in diplomacy, but which is explained by the anxiety to reach a conclusion Doiore tne advent or a new Ad ministration. Mr. Sewakd and Mr. Reverdt Johnson both unite in this unprecedented ac tlvity, using the Atlantic cable freely.

I should not object to haste or to the freest use of the cable, if the result were such as could be approved; but, considering the character of the transaction, and how comolf felv the trenrv con eeals the main cause of offence. It seems as if the honorable negotiators were engaged in huddling something out of sight. The treaty has for its model the Claims Convention of 1853. To take such a Convention as a model was a strange niis- taxe. ins convention was lor the settlement or outstanding claims of American citizens on Great Britain, and of British subjects on the United States, which hud arisen since the treaty of Ghent In 1815.

It concerned individuals only and not tne nation, ii was not in any respect political nor was it to remove any sense of national wrong. To take such a Convention as the model for a treaty, which was to determine a national grievauce of transcendnut iiniortance in the relations of two countries, marked on the threshold au insensibility to the true nature of the differ ence to ue settleo. At once it belittled the work to be done. An inspection of the treaty shows how from beginning to end it is merely for the settlement of individual claims on both sides, putting both batches on an equalityso that the sufferers by the misconduct of Kngland may be counterbal anced by British blockade-runners. It opens with a preamble, which, instead of announcing tho unprecedented question between the two countries, simply refers to individual claims which have arisen since 1853 which was the last time of settlement some of which are still (tending and remain unsettled.

Who would believe that, under these words of common place, was concealed that unsettled difference which has already so deeply stirred the American people, and Is destined until finally adjusted to occupy the attention of the civilized world! Kothmg xiere gives nonce oi tne real question. 1 quote the preamble, as it is the key-note to the treaty WMereas, Claims have at various rhoes since Uie ex-change ol the ratincalltms of the Convention beiwuen Great Britain and the United stab-a of America, aiira. ed al London on the (ith of February, lieen made upou uie uufrruiuwi ox nor jcnxanuio majesty on I lie part of citizens of Uie Vnlted states, aud upon the Government of Uie United Slates on the part of aub- Jecta of her Britannic Mojeaty; and whereas tvme of jruc claims art still ptiuimg and remain unsettled. nr ajir uie 141UW1 01 ine I DllM Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, and the President of the uitod States of America, being' of opinion that a speedy and eqnltable aeUlcim-Dt ot all auch claims wul oontribute iiiui-a to Uie maintenance of the friend-ly feelings which nubsist between the two countries, have resolved to make arraiureuiuuta lor that purpoao by means of a convention. provisions Of the treaty are for the trial of these cases.

A couiiuisoiou is constituted, which is empowered to choose an arbitrator; but in the event of a failure to agree, the arbitrator shall be determined by lot out of two persona named by each aide. Even if this aleatory proceeding were a proper device in the umpirage of private claims, it is strangely inconsistent with the solemnity which belongs to the present question. The moral sense is disturbed by such a process at any stage of the trial nor is it satis tied by the subsequent provision for the selection of a sovereiiru or head of a friendly State as arbitrator. The treaty not merely makes no provision for the determination of the great question, but it seems to provide expressly that it shall never hereafter be presented. The petty provision for Individual claims, subject to a set-on from the Individual claluu of Knalaud, ao ibat In the end our country may possibly reoeive nothing, la the eonsideratHMi for I his strange surrender.

I borrow a term from an Lulish Ktateinao on Mother occkIod, if I coil it capitulation." For the settlement of a few iuuiTMual claiina we condone tho oriel rial, fhr-reuchluffand dwtrucif i wo wrong. Mere are tne piuin words by which Una la done The high contracting parties engsge to consider the result of toe proceeding, of this ouiiioiisslon aa a lull and mil we; lenient at evta-v claim upon etUier Govenuneut artAutr out of any 11 1 turn of a uiue pnor to the exchaiure of the latinxauona of toe present, couvenUon, and furUter engage tiiat every aaeii claim, woetner or not the same may hsve been presented to the notice of, made, preaired, or laid before the aiud mirtininaion, anad, trout aaS attar the eon. elaaion of the iMTeoeediiura of the aid corn milium, bo eonaiderea mad treated aa finally awtlea and '1 '-n liaioalil. All this I quote directly from the treaty. It is article Ave.

The national caaae is handled as nothing more than a bundle of individual elalma, and the result of the proceedings under the proposed treaty Is to be a "full and final so that hereafter all claims "shall be considered and treated as finally settled and barred, and thenceforth nmlmlaiK1" Here is no provision for the real question, which, though thrust out of sight, or declared to he finally aet-tled and according to the terms of the treaty, must remain to piagae the two countries. Whatever the treaty may aay In terms, there is no settlement -In fact, and until this is made there will be a constant of discord- IV ocean tt be forgotten that there is no recognition, of the rule ef lntornational duty applicable to such cases. This, too, is left nsetlled. While doing so nttle for aa the treaty makes ample pro vision for ail known claims oa the British aide. As these are exeluatvely tndir-Tidual" they are completely covered by the text which -has no or exception.

Already It is annoaneed In gland that even those of Confederate bondholders are in cluded. I have before sue aa jour, nal which describee the latter claims as founded on "Immense quantities ef cotton, worm as ths time ef their ensure nearrr two shillings a pound, which were then tn the legal possession of those bondholders and the same authority adds, these claims will be broogtrt. Indifferently wiU the ethers, before the designed ioUteosa- it shall sit- from another that these bondholder, are quarter I learn very santrulne of success under the trettw as it worded, and certain it is that the loan went up from 0 to 10 as soon as it was ascertained that the treaty was signed. I doubt if the A uieriran people are ready Jiort now 1 to provids for any such claims. That they have rlaen la the market is an argument against the treaty.

THE CASE AGAINST ENGLAND. Passing from the treaty, I come now to consider briefly, but with proper precision, the true ground of complaint and here again we shall see the constant inadequacy ot the remedy now applied. It Is with reluctance that I enter upon this statement, and I do it only in the discharge ot a duty which cannot be postponed. Close upon the outbreak of our troubles, lost one month after the bombardment of Fort Sumter, when the rebellion was still nndevel-ojied, when the National Government waa beginning those gigantic efforts which ended so triumphantly, the country was startled by the news that the British Government bad intervened by a proclamation, which accorded belligerent rights to the rebels. At the early date when this was done the rebels were, as they remained -to the close, without ships on tb ocean, without Prire Courts or other tribunals for the administration of Justice on the ocean, without any of than conditions whieA are the essential prerequisites to sueh a concession aud yet the concession was general, being applicable to the ocean and land, so that by British flat they beoams ocean belligerents as well as land belligerents.

In the swiftness of this bestowal there was very little consideration for a friendly Power; nor does it apjiear that there was any inquiry into those etintixtton- trecedent on which it must dcicnd. (K-ean bcl-iirerency being a fact." and not a principle," can lie recognized only on evidence showing its actriai eristencr, according to the rule, hint stated by Mr. Cannino and afterward recognized hv Earl But no such evidence was adduced for it did not exist and never has existed. Too much stress cannot be laid con the rule, that belligerency is a "fact" and not a principle." It is, pcrhis, the most Important contribution to this discuMiou. and its original statement, on the occasion of the Oreck re volution.

does honor to it author, unquestionably the brightest geulus ever directed to this subject According to this rule, belligerency must tie proved to exist, it must bo showu. It cannot bo imagined or divined or Invented; it must exist as fact" within the know 'ledge of the world, or at least as a "fact" susceptible of proof. Nor'cnn It be inferred ou the ocean merely from Its existence on the land. From the beginning, when God railed the dry land earth, and the gathering of the waters called lie seas, the two have been separate, and the power over one has not necessarily implied power over the other. There is a dominion of the land and a dominion of the ocean.

But, whatever power the rebels possessed on the lajid, they were always without power on the ocean. Admitting that they were belligerents on the land, they were never belligsrents on the ocean The oak leviathans, whose tinge ribs make Their i lny creator the vain UUe take Of lord ot thee, and arbiter a tear these they never possessed. Such was the fact." that must govern the present question. The rule, so simple, plain and Intelligible, stated by Mr. Cannino, is a decisive touchstone of the British concession, pich, when brought to it, is found to be without aupiiort.

Unfriendly in the precipitancy with which It was launched, this concession was more i unfriendly in sub-Btance. It wits the tlrst i stage in the depredations on our commerce. Had it not been made no rebel ship could have lieen built in Cngland. Every step in her building would have been piracy. Kor could any munitions of war have been furnished.

The; direct consequence of this concession was to place the rebels ou au eouality with ourselves in all British markets, whether of ships or munitions of war. As these were open to the Government, so were they open to the rebels. The asserted neutrality between the two began by this tremeudous concession when rvliels. st one stroke, were transformed not only into belligerents -but into customers. In attributing to that bad proclamation this itcculiar influence, I llow the authority of the law lords of Entrland.

who. aeeordinir to authen tic report, announced that without it the fitting out 01 a snip lu r.ngiana to cruise against the United States would have been an act of piracy This couel union was clearly stated by Lord Chelmsford. Ex-Chancellor, speaking for him self and others, when he said If the Southern Confederacy had not been recognized as a 6c-luierent Power, he agreed with his noble and learned friend (Lord BRoroHA) that, under these circumstances, if any Englishman were to tit out a privateer for tho! purpose of assisting tne boutnern states against, tne jortnem mates, he would be ouilty of virary." This conclusion ia only according to analogies of law. It is crimi nal for British subjects to force tombs or hand- grenades to be employed in the assassination of a foreign sovereign at peace with England, as when Bernard supplied from Eusland the missiles used by Orsini against the life of the French Emperor all of which is illustrated by Lord Chief Justice Campbell, in his char ire to the Jury on the trial of Bernaed, and also by con temporaneous opinions ry ixim lvniihtrst. Lord Brougham, Lord Truro, and at an earlier day by Lord Ellenboko In a case of libel on i the First Consul.

That excellent authority, Sir George Cornwall Lewis, gives a Summary drawn from all these opinions, when he says The obliga tion incumbent upon a State of preventing her soil from being usea as art. arsenal in wnicn the means of attack against a foreign Government may be collected aud prepared for use is wholly independent or tne lorni ana character or the Government." ton xtrttdttion, page 78.) every Government Is constrained by this rule, so every Government is entitled to its safeguards. There can be no reason why the life of our Republic should be less sacred than the life of an Emper or, or should enjoy less protection irom tmtisn law I That England became au arsenal for the rebels we know, but this could not have been unless the proclamation had prepared the wav. The only justification that I have heard for this extraordinary concession. Which unleashed upon our country the furies of foreign war to commingle with the fortes of rebellion at home, is that President Lincoln undertook to proclaim a blockade of the rebel ports.

By the use of this worn Diocxaoe tne concession is vindicated. Had President Lincoln proclaimed a closing ot the rebel ports, tnere couia nave oeen no such concession. This is a mere technicality. Lawyers might oail it an apex juris and yet on this sharp Iioiut bnglnna bangs ner aeieuoe. it is snmclent that in a great rase like the present, where the correlative duties of a friendly Power are in question, an act fraught with such portentous evil cannot be vindicated on a technicality.

In this debate there is no room for technicality on either side. We must look at the substance and find a reason in nothing short of overruling ne cessity, war cannot ue giuunea merely on a tecnnicauty nor can tne concession oi ocean belligerency to rebels without a port or prize court. Such a concession, like war itself, must be at the peril or tne nation making it, The British assumption, besides being offensive from mere technicality, is inconsistent with the proc lamation or tne rresiueut, laxen as a whole, which, while appointing a blockade, is care ful to reserve the rights oi sovereignty, thus putting foreign Powers on their guard against any premature concession. After declaring an existing insurrection In certain States, and the obstruction of the laws for the collection of the revenue, as the motive for action, the President invokes not only the law of nations but the laws of the United and, in further assertion of the national sovereignty, declares rebel cruisers to be pirates. Clearly the proclamation must be tsken aa a whole, and its different provisions ao interpreted as to harmonize with each other, i If they c4tnnot stand together, then it is the blockade" hich must be modified by the national sovereignty and not the national sovereignty by the blockade.

Buck should nave been tne Interpretation Of frtendlv Power, especially when It is tflat tnere ire numerous precedent of what the great German authority, Ilirr- tek. calls pi rifle blockade, or blockade Willi out concession of ocean aellijrcreory, as in the ease ol rance, and Kuasta against Turkey, 1837 France against Mexico, 1837-39; France and Great Britain against the Argentine Kepublic, ls3S-8 Russia against the Cirvaaaiana, illustrated by the aeixnre of the Vxzxm so famous In diplomatic history. Uautefeuille des Droits et des Itesoirsdes Asu-tresj Cases tike these led Hetttek to lay down the rule that blockade does not necessarily constitute stele of regular tsar, i liroU Inter-Marions, 113, 12LJ as was assumed by tho British proclaaiatlon even in the face of post tive words by President Lincoln asserting the national sovereignty and appealing to the "laws of the United fctatea." The existence of sueh eases was like a notice to the Britisk tioverment against the concession so rashly made. It was an all-suirlcient warning, which this Power disregard ed. So far as is now kuown.ths whole esse for king-land ia made to stand on the use of the word blockade' by President LlitcxHjl.

Had he used any other word the eoneesslon of belligerency would have been without Justification, even such now imaginea. it was uua word wnicn. with magical might, opened the gates to ail those bountiful supplies by which toe hostile ex peditions were equipped against the United Mates, It opened the gases of war. Moot appalling is it to think that one little word, uneon-acioaaly used by a trusting President, eouid be caught up by a friendly Power and made to play anefa a part, I may add that there Is one other word often Invoked tor apology. It is aeatrality," which.

It is Said, was proclaimed between twebeiliger Nomina- eouid bo lairer. always nrovKied taaA tho Muuiitv nioelaimed did raotberin with a too cession to one party, without which this party would he powerless. Between two established nations, both independent, as be tween Russia and France, there asay he trail ty; for the two are already equal la rights, I tho proclamation would be preeieety equal la Its operation. But where one party tm an establiaued aaUon Mat the other 1 nothing but mission whenever an odious arotnbinatioai of rebels, tho tarnation is moat unequal tn operation fur It bcKins by a solemn investiture of rebels with all ths rights of war, saying to them, as was once said to the youthful knight, Rise here Is a sword; use It To call such an investiture a proclamation or neutrality la It was a uroclamation of oonalitv bunrm th Hi. nornu ijovernment oa toe oue aios and rebels on the other, and no plausible word eaa obscure this distinctive character.

Then came the build ing or the pirate ships, one after another, hile tne Alabama was still in the ahip-rard it 1 apparent that she was Intended for the rebels. Our Minister at London and our Consul at Liverpool exerted themselves for her arrest and detention. They were put off from dav to day. On the Mth of July, iset, Mr. Adaws com pleter ms evidence." accotnpaniea oy an opinion from the eminent barris ter.

Mr. OOLUXK. afterward SoUrltOr-iB- eral. declaring the plain duty of the British Gov ernment to stop ner. instead or acting promptly by the teletrraoh.

live dsvs were allowed to run out, when at last too tardily the necessary order was aispatcneo. sieanwnue tne pirate amp escaped from the port of Liverpool by a stratagem, and her voyage began with muaio and frolic Here, beyond all question, was negligence, or, according to the language of Lord BROi'QitAM oa another occasion, crass negligence, making Kngland Justly responsible for all that ensued. The pirate ahiD found refuse in an onacura harbor of Wales, known aa Muelfra Bay, where sue lay in nntisn waters from mair vast stvon o'clock P. If. July 19, to about o'clock A.

kf. July 31, being upward of thirty-six hours, and during this time she was supplied with men from the British steam tug Bcrrules, which followed her from Liverpool. These thirty-six hoars were al io wea io elapse without any attempt to atoo ner. Here was another, stage of "crass nec-llgence. Thus was there negligence in allowing the build- in to proceeo.

negligence in allowing the rape from Liverpool, aud negligence in allowing the final escape from the British coast Lord Kfsst.i.i, while trying to vindicate his Gov ernment and repelling the complaints of the United States, more than once admitted that the escape of the Alabama was a "scandal and reproach," which, to mymlDd, Is very like a couiesHion. Language count not ne strongrr. Surely such an act cannot be blameless. If damages are ever awarded to a friendly Power for injuries received, it is difficult to' see where they con iu ne more strenuously claimed than in which the First Minister of the offending rower am not nesilate to cnaracterlze so strong ly. The enlistment of the crew was not less obnoxious to censure than the building of the shin and her em-ape.

It was a port of the transaction. The evidence is explicit. Not to occu py too mucb time, I refer only to the affi duvit of William Passmore, who swears that he was engaged with the expretM understanding that the ship was to fight for the Govern ment of the Confederate states of America that he Joined her at Laird's yard at Birken head, near Iiverpool. remaining there several iiavs; mat ne rouna about thirty oia tnan-or- war'a-mcu on board, among whom it was well known that she was going out as a privateer for the Confederate Government to fight nnder a commission from Mr. Jefferson Davis." In list of the crew now before me, there is a large number said to be from the Royal Naval reserve." I might add to this testimony.

The more the case is examined, the more dearly ao we discern tne character or the transaction. The dedication of the ship to the rebel service. from the very laying of the keel and the organization of her voyage with England as her naval bume, from which she drew muuitious of war and men, made her departure as much a Aostue expedition, as if she had sailed forth from Her Majesty's dock-yard. At a moment of profound peace between the United States and England there was a hostile expedition against the United States. It was in no Just sense a com mercial transaction, out an act or war.

the is not yet complete. The Alabama, whose building was in deflanoe of law. international and municipal, whose escape was a scandal and reproach," and whose enlistment of her crew was a fit sequel to the rest, after ocing suppuea wttn an armament ana witn a rebel commander, entered upon her career of Piracy. Mark now a new stage of comDllcltv, Constantly the pirate ship was within reach of nritisn cnusers, ami rrom time to time within tne sneiu-r or nritisn ports, or six days un molested she enjoyed the pleasant hospitality of Kingston, in Jamaica, obtaining freely the coal aud other supplies so necessary to her vocation. But no British cruiser, no British magistrate ever arrested the offending ship, whose voyage was a continuing "scandal and reproach to the British Government.

The excuse for this strange license is a curious technicality, as If a technicality could avail in this cae at any stage. Borrowing a phrase from that master of Admiralty Jurisprudence, Sir William SxrTT, it is said that the ship "de posited" ner original sin at the conclusion of her voyage, so that afterward she was blameless. But the A labama never concluded her voyage until she sank under the guns of the Ksarsarge, because she never had a port of her own. She was no better than the Flying Itutchnutn, and so long as she sailed was liable for that original sin which had impregnated every plauk with an indelible dye. No British cruiser could allow her to proceed, no British port could give her shelter without renewing the complicity of England.

i ne Ataoama case oegins witn a istal conces sion by which the rebels were enabled to build ships in England and then to sail them without rteiug name as pirates; it next snows Itself In the building of the ship, in the armament, and In the escape, with so mucb of negligence on the part of the British Government as to constitute suffer ance. If not connivance aud then again the case reappears in the welcome and hospitality accorded by British cruisers and by the magistrates of British ports to the pirate ship, when ber evasion from British jurts- uicuuu was weu Known, inns at tnree OIT-ferent stages, the British Government is compromised, first, in the concession of ocean bel ligerency, on which all depended secondly, in the negligence which allowed the evasion of the ship in order to enter upon the hostile expedition for which ahe was built, manned, armed and equipped; and thirdly, in the open complicity which, after this evasion, gave her wel come nottpitaiity ana supplies in isrtusn ports. Thus her depredations and borninga, making the ocean blaze, all proceeded from England, wnicn, oy tnree aiui-'rrui acts, tigntea toe torch. To Englaud mu.it be traced also all the widespread consequences which ensued. I take the case of the A labama, because It is the best known, and because the building, equipment and escape of this ship were under circumstances most oonoxlona to Judgment: but it will not be forgotten that there were eon- sort ships, built nnder the shelter of that fatal proclamation.

Issued in such an eclipse of Just principles, and, like the ships it unloosed, rigged witn curses aarx." tine aner tne outer Mil pa were built one alter tne otner tney esrapea on their errand, and one after tne other they en-Joyed the immunities of British ports. Audacity reached its height when iron-clad rams were built, and the perversity of the British Government became still more conspicuous by its long rerusai to arrest tnene ue tractive engines or war, destined to be employed against tho United States. This protracted hesitation, where the eon-sequeuces were so menacing, ia a part of the case, it la plain that the ships which were built nnder the saleguara or xnis m-omenea proclamation which stole forth from the British shores and afterward enjoyed the immunities of British porta, were not only British in origin, but British in equipment, British in armament, and British In crews. Tney were British in every respect, except in their commanders, who were rebel, and one of these, as his ship was sinking, owed hie safety to a British yacht, symbolising tho omnipresent support of England. British sympathies were active in their behalf.

The cheers ot a British passenger ship crossing the path of the Alabama eneouraged the work of piracy, aud the cheers of the House of Commons encouraged tne builder of tas I fataaia. while be defended waa no bad done, and exclaimed, in taunt to him, who Is now aa lliUetrioui member of Uie Kritltu Cabinet. Joux Bright, that be would MMt Ainded dOTD to posterity as the builder of a doaen Alabasmasf lun do too wiuw ue unman emu mo United States, which the builder of the risinr with his theme, denounced "as of ao value whatever, and as reducing the very ansae ot liberty to an ntter absurdity, while the cheers of ths House of Coaaaaooa echoed bock his words. Thus from beginning to end, from the fatal proclamation to the rejoicing of the accidental ship and the rejoicing ef the House of Commons was this hostile expedition protected and encouraged by Fnaisndi Tas same spurt which dkstatedihe swift ctiaensnoa or Belligerency wm ail its ly Incidents, ruiea tno Door, mitring into tKiasemnx every pirate ship. There are two circumstances by which the whole ease Is aggravated.

One Is found in tho date of the proclamation, which lifted the rebels to an equality with tho National Government; opening to then everything that was open to ms, whether sup-yard, foundries or manufactories; and giving to them a nag on the oceao coequal with the Sag of tho Uaiosu This exa-aur-duuary masUcsto was Issued on' the day octore was arrival our isiaiwr Minister In England, so that east voyage, bo reached tho tt to which ho waa aoered- when, after an British Govern: Ited. he found this great and terrible Indignity to hia country already perpetrateLand the floodgates opened to lnfinits woes. Tho Minister bad been aojssnced; he was daily expected. The British Government knew of Maonminav Bus la hottest haste they did this thing. Tho other aggravation le found tn Its flagrant, unnatural oparture frean that anti-slavery rule which, by manifold det-larsttone.

legislative, potrtieaJ, and diplomatic, was tho avowed creed of Often was this rule proclaimed, but, we except the great act of Emancipation, never more pointsdly than in the fa mono circular of Lord PALJfEaaTos, while Minister of Foreirn Affairs, annii1mg to ail aa-oons that agiaad was pledged to tho unfveranl abolition: of slavery. And now. when tha slavahoAdera, in the BMMlaeas of bsa-lisrtsas, broke away frees the National Govern stent and attempted to leued a new ssn- pi re with slavery as tta declared eorner-etone, Mtt-elavery England, without a day delay, without even waiting tho arrival of our Minister, who was known to way. Made haste to decree be on his shameful and Impossible pre'esauou should en-ley equal rights with the National Government in her aaipyarda, foundriee and aaaaufarsortea, and equal rights oo the ocean. Such was the ao eree.

Rebel slaveholders, occupied tn a hideous -attempt, were taken by the band, and thus with the official protectiou and. God-speed of Anti-Slavery England eornmeteed their seem at work. I close this part of the argument by tho testimony of Mr. Bxkiht, who. In a speech at, Rochdale, amor his netebbors, Feb.

lata, thus' exhibits tho criminal complicity of England "Irtrret, mors than have words to 1 1 ft ass, this painful tact, that of ad ths countries tn Karoos tnis onuiiHy mi the oaly ens which has men tn tt wbe are wuim- ts take steps favor of tats tnkaadxd atavo GovsrsBMoa, Ws sapper tas ahlpsi wa an poly tno arms, ths Maitiona ol wort ws stss mid and aasturt Is ths Amis mf s-Oaaa Mnyiiikmsm only ms st.w rtymtm Ifllia, vol. a p. MS. KPAkATIOa rttOaT BSOLAJtOw At last the rebellion succumbed. British shlpo and British surplice had done their work, but they failed.

And now the day of reckoning baa eome, but with little apparent sense of what io due on the part of England. Without one soVhlng word fur a friendly Power deeply aggrieved, without aslngie regret for what Mr. Coa-IKN. in the Bouse of Cfeuimons, nailed tho cruel losses' Inflicted upon us, or or what sir. Bright called aid and comfort to the foulest ot crimes." or for what a generous voice from Oxford University denounced ui" flagrant and maddening En glnnd simply proposes to submit the question of liability for a Individual losses" to an anomalous tribunal, where chance plays Its part.

-This ia alL Nothing ts admitted even on this question no rule for the future ts established; while nothing la aaid of the Indignity to the nation, nor of the damages to tho nation. On an earlier occasion it waa otherwise. There la an unhappy incident in our relations with Great Britian which attests how In other days "individual kisses' were only a minor element in reparation for a wrong received by the nation. You all know frotn history how in time of profound peace, and onlv a few miles out side the Virginia capes, the British frigate Leopard tired, into too national frigate Aran sea, pouring broadside upou broadside, killing three persons and wounding eighteen, some severely, and then, boardlngber, carried off four others as British subjects. This was in the Summer of 1 BUT.

The brilliant Mr. Canntno, British Minister of Foreign Affairs, promptly volunteered overturns for au accommodation, by declaring 11 is Majesty's readiness to take the whole of the circumstances of the case Into consideration and to make reparation for any alleged injury fc Ms sovereignty of ths Inited Utates, whenever it should be clearly shown that such injury has been actually sustained, aud that such reparation Is really due." Here waa a good beginning. There waa to bo reparation for an injury to the national sovereignty. After years of painful negotiation, the British Minister at Washington, under date ot Nov. 1.

18U, offered to the United States three propositions first, the disavowal of the unaa tliorixed act; secondly, the Immediate restoration, so tar aa circumstances would permit, ot the men forcibly taken from the Chesapeake and thirdly, a suitable pecuniary provision for the sufferers In consequence of the attack on tho Chesapeake concluding with these words These honorable propositions are mads with the sincere desire tht they may prove aatlalsctory to tho Government of the United Stales, and I trust they will meet with that amieahle reception which theur cnoeiUatory nators entitles tbeea to. I need aearrely add how cordially I loin with yon ths wish that they may prove introductory to a removal of all tho differences depending between our two eoe.Btncs.' btats tUpers, IDrsiff Avoirs, Vol. ILL, p. SUO, adduce thia hlstorio Instance to ill strut partly the different forms of reparation. Here, ot eourae, waa reparation to Indlvtdualai but there was also reparation to tho nation, whose sovereignty had been outraged.

There is another instance, which is not without authority. In 1837 an armed force from Upper Canada crossed the river Just above tho Falls of Niagara, and burnt an Amerirai panel, the Caroline, while moored to the shores of tho United States. Mr. WEBvncR. In his negotiation with Lord Ashbttrtow, characterised this act as of itself a wrong and offence to the sovereignty and the dignity of the United States, for which to this day no atonement, or even apology, has been made by her Majesty's Government;" all these words being strictly applicable to the present case.

Lord Asiiburton, in reply, after recapitulating some mitigating circumstance and expressing a regret tnat some explanat ion and apology for this occurrence waa not huinediately proceeds to say a Her Majesty. Government earnestly desire that a reciprocal respect fur the Ind -pendent jTtrtndietioa and authority of nethtortnK Stales may lis eoaiot-ered among tne first duties of all Governments i and 1 hsve to repeat the aasuranoe of regret tliey feel that the event of which I am treating ahould have dis-t orbed the harmony they ao anxiously wiah to maintain with the American peop'e and Govern meuL Wsbslsfs Works, VoL Vt p. SUA Here again was reparation for a wrong done to the nation. Looking at what is due to ns on tho present occasion, we are brought again to tho conclusion that the satisfaction of Individuals whose ships have been burned or sunk is only as -small part of what we may justly expect. As la the earlier cases where the usfional sovereignty was insulted, there ahould be aa acknowledge ment of wrong, or at least of liaoillty, leaving to the Commissioners tne assessment of dam- aires onlv.

Tun blow inflicted bv that fatal proclamation, which insulted our national sov ereignty aud struck at our unity as a nation, followed by broadside upon broadsiile, driving Sur commerce from the ocean, was kiudred in Character to those earlier Mows, and when wo Consider that it was in aid of slavery, It was a blow at civilization itself. Besides degrading ns and ruining our commerce. Its direct and constant in Hue noe was to encourage the rebellion, aud to prolong the war waged by slave masters at such cost of treasure and blood. It was a terrible mistake, which I eanuet doubt good Englishmen must regret. And now, le the interest of peace, it is the duty of both sldmi to find a remedy, complete, lust, aud conciliatory, so that the deep sense of wrong and the detriment to the Republin may be forgutteu In that proper satiafactioa which a nation hiving Jus tive cannot hesitate to offer.

TBI KXTENT OF OUR Individual losses may be estimated! with reav sonable accuracy. Ships burned or sunk with their cargoes may be counted and their, value determined; but this leaves without recognition the water damage to commerce driven from the ocean, and that other damage. Immense and infinite, caused bv the prolongation of, the war, all of which mav he called national In coo trad is-Unction to individual. Our national losses have been frankly conceded by eminent Enjrllshiuen. I hsve already quoted Mr.

OoBOER.who did not hmitarn to etiU them losses. burin tho same debate in which he let drop this testimony, be used other words, which show how Justly be eomnrebendea the case. row mm said be, eta-ruing on with ths VnUed stales, and have been inflicting aa amount of damage of that country greater than would be produced by many ordinary wars. It la estimated that tho loss sustained by the capture and burning of American vessels has been about OMOtuw or nearly x.000,009 sterling. But this is a smalt pari of ths injury tehiek has been inflicted on ths Amsrtoan marine.

I We have rendered the rest of ber vast mercantile property useless. Thus, by the testimony of Mr. Couoss, were those Individual loasss, which -are alone Twwmivd bv the Deriding treaty, only a small part of the Injury inflicted." After confessing his fears with regard to "the heaping up of oioanHs material sritmsnes each as was then rear log," he adds, in sneuierahie words -Ton have slready ease year worst tow sis the isortoan awi.imli awtaa. What wMh too hta-h 4 I akS wtta tans M. whmA.

wita. too aanan of rtaiiin ymn kan seas ts tas which la fart, rou have virtually anartw valaeleas Sass. aortkrvBsaf AaMrien few Uvea Toirtitalvs beeH wUrh. aa I tojmrr to wy Am- tixaar. near With that clearness of vision, win eh he ftssed tn sack rare degree, this stsrssman that Fin gland had virtually made vala vast nromrrv.

no nxaeh as If this Pow bosnberded "all tho anewastblo seapoit towns of Atxtenrav" bo strong ana eocnpieie is this moot that any further citation on per- flooua: hot I forbear addoring a pointed debute, br that abio raenark tn tho gentleman. Mr. WrLUAat E. yoima "There eouid not," said he, "be stronger lUnatratlon of tho damage which had been, done to the American trade by these cruisers. IMf tnat so completely i was UN tar driven from tho ocean, thah tho Gem gin, oa her eseond erciae, dkl not meet a single American vesosl ia Sx weeks, though abe saw no We than seventy vesaula la a verr tew days." Thai is most euggeetivo.

So entirety wee oar eooxsaeree driven from the nnisa that for six weeks not one Aaaericaa Vessel was aseal Another Englishman, la an elaborate pamphlet, bears etmuar tesumonv. I refer to puies ew mr. x-ma, xxuuiaoeoi la lOW-UDOV1T la IMS, and en tied Tas Xh -of ths Amvriesm Carrying Trad, it tor setting forth at length the eWtruetioa ot oar eoaxmeree by British pirates, this writer thus foreshadow tho eamagee: Were we," oay he, tho sufferers, wo should rtslnTr rtnsBaiiil tompaaas tine for too lose of tho property sap-tared or destroyed lor tho Interest ei the capital invested in the vessels and their cargoes, and. may be, a fair compensation tn addiuoa for all and any Injury accruing to our bewineat interests front the depredations upoa our ehlpptBt. Iks rsmunsrmiisn ssow rvoe a Ai 7 t.juts tas prrsenf ease; but it mould be mpis me of jus- kes, and might prevent aa lMwmparably greater loss la tha stare." Here we hsv the dam ages as assessed by aa AgUahman.

who. r9ew4rs9ant esr sC eaT saasJJjyCs tost. oralssrsv )1 i a.