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I- -V-. 1 I'' 1 J. LLliLJ' 1 II! Hi I IN! EV PUBLICATIONS. i There Is good sense in the old Roman max-im that We should read much and not many thing, sat we fan both read many things in Mr. Fctvam book, and read it much to great profit and advan-US.

The eras betwee. which this volume is ia-v tended to embrace eveiy date of interest in the the history cf civilization and progj-css, are those I tbe creation of the world and the) inauguration i efLwcOtH; and, from the high character cf the 'work which Mr. Pctram has made the basUof his ewa, and the evident diligence and fare which he has bestowed In adapting it to the use of the public, we have no doubt that The World's Progress In is reliable in ii statement of acts as It is clear and syt.emarSc in their arrangement. Tbe work of Haydh known as the lkrtionan of Dates, is one of standard value, and has passed through many large editions in England. Bo highly was it esteemed that toe author received a pens lion from the, Government wtich' was small enough to show that it was Iestowcd for literary sad not political merit.

All that is useful and iin-poitsxt in thin valuable work Mr. POMAM has incorporated in tbe volume before us, with much matter of more immediate interest to the American public under the heads of Sewing machines," Rebellions," Secession," Ptolsj" Kansas," Ac. In stijring times like the present, the most convenient and useful of all books is a companion to the newspaper, for nevrspape 's will now be bought and read to an extent lit lie djeamcd of in the piping times of peace and a luminal tSk.e thL, which refers briefly to the dates and- the tarts of ail important events in the world's history, is the book of books for reference and conciliation. It la, therefore, very opportunely published, and if there is a slow demand now-a-days lor miscellane-otts and fancy literature, a work sj abounding in facts, and meeting so obvious a want if the public as Ml. PrTKAM'8 does, must find a heafty reception with the largest of all congrrgations--tbe newspaper-reading public.

I The Autobiography, iMtcrs and Literary Remain of Mrs. Pwzzi, published by Ticknob at FlZLDt1, furnishes some very interesting details of tbe Lexicographer with whofe naw her own bis become so intimately associated. Of Bos-WELL, Vacavlat his declared, that he is as de- cwoujy tne nrsi 01 tnograpners as uohir is tne first of heroic poets, Bhakespkari the tirst of or Demostbc.ks the first of orators yet, to our thinking, Boswkll lacked the oae great essential of a biographer, impartiality. He was better fitted to fawn than to cbrocklo, to admire than to discriminate. In his hands the htsrshoess of Jonxeox becomes humor his dirtiness sssumcs the proportions of fa gigantic vir-t The memoirs of Mrs.

Piozzi are 1 more to le relied upon than the chronicliags of the sycophantic Bcotchroai. At the hands of Johxbox she do-served nothing but kirrdness and consideration shs made her house his home, her servants h)is servants, and placed even her hours of recreation at his disposal. This treatment was Ql rcauited tjv the lsri. cographer, when he writes, in answer to a letter from htr announcing her second! marriage: Madame If I interpret your letter right you are "ignominiously manlcd." The concLusiori that forces Itself upon the candid sifter of motives in this matter is that Joiijsox chiefly objected to this marriige because he foresaw that ij would inate.iady with his creature conaforts, that be would have been much better content to the brewer's widow himself. Mrs.

TiuLilk, however, made another choice, and, great as the intel-leetual disparity -between the two migTit be, the man of song and the man of letters, jt is indisputable that she made the better one.j With hbr his puffings, his gesticulationsj his' mut-teiings his go. jiandizins, would hare made aujthing but a pleasant' husband fot a woniaii of refinement. I lie was Snie fitted (5 "reform society than to adorn it to admonish civilization! than to crown it; I-oid Macaitlat says tlat tbs Thbalis Jetted Johnson because of his leqnlne jattributes, that they felt flattered because he preferred their liouse to any other in London. If the memoirs of Mrs, Piozzi are to be credited, they inclibed to him from compassion, and harbored him because of yiupafhy for his lonely condition. It was not a Compliment that he preferred their hme, When none oinei wan open to bun or that Jie drank their wine and en; their dinners when hio others were willing to perform the doubly disagreeable task o( feeding hiin.

A careful survey of the ground occupied by Mrs. Piozzi'g memoirs coa-fums the general belief that, however crriiii nt the great lexicographer was in morals, he wps by no means unexceptionable in manners, and aot altogether a pleasant thiuK to have in a As for making a parlor-pet of such a gnius a lady of the present day would as soon think of ezch'ang-ng her poodle for a bear. Jonnsox was peculiarly fortunate in finding a Thrale he was bet in the matter of a Boswell. The Salle Cloud, also published byjTjcKiioa I FltLDS, as the title would indicate, is a book levoted to the negro question. It is written by author of A South V'uir of Slavery, an 3f course, inclines to view the subject id its sun uest aspects.

It is attempted to show that eveji Ws cloud has its silver lining. The sable cloud batstjresent overhangs the count rv wjll ma e-iaUy interfere with the pioepecta of this one. CrtAJtt.18 A Ca. publish anedilioa 0 blue and gold of Woodwokth's with ui Introductory memcir of the author jbv Ccn. Wat.

Had Wood worth never writtea anthr ine, his Old Oaken Bucket" would hae secured dm gTateful remembrance as a poet. E. II. Bctlicr A of I'hiladrlphk publish Tkt American Child's Hisloitf the United States. By Samckl'g.

Goodrjch. It is hot carried down to a very late date, full particulars of the revolution of 1776 are given, but no mention is made of the one of kGl. president Wapbisctok'8 rule is commented on, but' not that of President Davis. A postscript must lie added er youthful will be minds misled. i i On? of the most remarkable instances of Rterary larceny ever exposed, has just been detected by the critics.

It relates to the nw poem ky -Owen Meredith," (as Mr. E. Ii. Bciwm pleases to be known,) of Luctle, published last Spring, and received with general favor, jit turns that this poem put forward as an! original "orkis, in so far as regards part one, Inothing jlwwe than Larinim, by Giorgi Sakd, (published I a IN 4,) to a great extent literally translated, or aiefullyand neatly paraphrased aad converted Eiiglihh metre. The extracts given juxia-h4Udn show a fidelity to the original juite remarkable, if they are conhidered as specimens of tc yet spirited tiaaaladon; indeed scnueringUMUterala.

to be attended with Je saciUIce of the Engliah idiom. AnothW long portioa 1. trscod to Auram ns McwiTfg and it seems likely that there is scarcely Page in the work hut wbat may be kferred Bto tortign prototype. This tbe more no-wesbla, as fat his preface, Owen Meredktf says ass ndeavomi to follow a path in wbica he disarm no footsteps htfm l. 1 --J 1 IMIT fO "attmg the xp Ian alien hich he must bffi a moat estraordinarv nlaeiariem.

I 3er ttl Thoia Weight, one of the most iis-ious dclvecs in antiquarian mines, his brought and jreaUy edition (of bis tk. The Celt, the Roths sni the Saw ory 0f tkt Irtaluwtt of briUin tKt Co9erticn tht AKglo Son ia nfJitr; illusuated by ancient ooiUto Ught by recent research. The larger rahiaiioo, now dwluced from anulaarii existence ef such strong tB .1 epiimeraj remains of clvUlzatioa tatU littt took like tb.Uk lit, buo the excaration of our Westcjo nwuads i 1 and earthworks ia a prevailing pursuit. If the catteredfects now constantly ascertained in these investigations were combined in one manual work for thie Western World, a great service would be rendered to historical science. The 'edition of Shakespeare published by Messrs.

Arrirroy, and prepared, through their enterprise, by Mrs. Cowdeh Clarke, is being introduced to I tie London market by Messrs. Tkcbsm Co. As 'a genuine, readable and trustworthy tcit of the author, free ffOm the polemical tquabbles which disfigure most editions, it can safely be recommenced. An picopal viaitation of Jap-in would have seemed piewjears Bince one of those improbable events that could not be expected.

The march of time ha, however, rendejed it practicable, and we have anoJur-ced by Meacrs. Lo.nomaws, a shortly to sppeir; 7en Waks in Japan, by Gcocna FmiTh, the Coloiml Bishop of the Kngiish 'burch i llong Kong, or Victoria. The friends of Dr. Johh W. Fraxcis will be glad to learn that one who ao loved and honored LUtniture and Science, will not be allowed to pas avray without an enduring memorial--the mcstapprcpriate, indeed, that could be desired an ot bis collected writings, with a Biographical inoir and a selection from his correspondence.

Jt is intended; to form five handsomely printed first devoted to the "Life and Lct-cn," followed by his Public Old jNewfYoiki" "Personal RemmiKcences of Public Characters and Events," and "Medical Papers," ach occupj ing one volume. Mr. H. T. Tccker-)tAH will be Connected with the Kditoritl super-vi ion of the edition, for which his long and intimate frierdthip with Dr.

Fkancis naturally qualify jiim The edition will be luniied to the number subscribed for, and will be issued as soon as the fiibsciiptioh list is properly filled. I The force of brutality in the; guise of sport can scarcely go inrther than the picture presented to the wol, without the least sense of its real character, by Mr. Lauokt, in his Seasons tri'A the Sea Horses, or Spoiling Adventures in the Ni rtlurn Seas, a handsome volume, just pub-libhed by Messrs. Hcrst A Blackett. It details how he and a sporting friend, scorning the mild delights of civilization, set ail for Spitzlergen, in a clumsy little tub of a sloop," in which they cpuld scarcely lie or stand, and braved the Arctic seas all for the delirious excitement of stabbing ir)ofien8ive walruses and shooting half-humsn sals, with mild imploring eyes, till the relation of the butchery becomes quite sickening, because unaccompanied hj the sense of peril which attends the hunter of the Cordon Cumming species.

As inducement to others, the sportsmen who, like Mrs. Glipin, when though on pleasure she vjas bent," "she had a frugal mind," triumphantly anmmnce that the sale of the oil, blubber, ivory, which they had captured, went a long ry paying the expenses of the trip." In site of humanitarian considerations, such books ae always popukr; so it is not surprising that Messrs. Uarj-iks will reissue the book for the American market. SWhcn tlie names of John Hunter and Ow en are found united on one title-page, it is prrtty safe to assume that they herald work of real importance to science and Prof. Owen's recent edition of Hunter's Essays and Observations on Natural Hittory, Anatomy, Physiology, Psychology and Urology In two volumes, published by Mr.

Van Voorst will undoubtedly preserve that character. It contains the whole of the extant MBScf Jodn Hunter since the wanton destruction of the great mass of his papers by Sir KjERAflD Home, and includes the memoranda relating to his vast anatomical museum, made during its progress. Many of the best years of Prof. Owen's life were devoted to the making known the liches of this collection for the College of Sur-teons, and jthe present work is a fitting conclusion to his laoors. The physiological views of Hdjiter were so fzj in advance of his own day, that it is enly now that their peculiar farce and signilicaocy is apprehended.

Thtv are elucidated hv Owen's notes, and his lectures on the Fossil Remains of the Huntejian Collection are now printed, in Connection with lliiNTEii papers, for the urat time. $irllEkRv IIawu.nso.i is pursuing with his zeal the study of the of ancient Assj-tian and Egyptian llLitory, as developed iu thcij- monumental records so wonderfully restoicd to light of late years. Occasional dis-ivepai ces bjf course occur, as each nation was Kattrall) influenced by the desire to give greater prominence to events redounding to its owl) glory; but! in the main the two classes of documents lliert 'lypSUfsar dArrow-hcaded inscriptions con; ii nit each other satisfactorily. The first clear account of a cjotllict between tho Egyptians and tbe Adrians occurs in the reign of Sargon, (B.C. 721-t02,) ho was, as we know from the BPjIe, the King who parried away the Jews captives from Sarfiaria.

For a long subsequent period the relations of the jtwo countries were hostile, and the Ad rians were the conquering nation, having es-tablh-hrd a ptfrnanent- dominion over Egjpt which theji ruled bj Viceroys, who fignre among the dy-naMjiee of Kiiigs, given by Maiketho, though their true; position was never till now understood. Sir U. Haw usHps bs communicated to the Royal Soefcty oi' Literature many of the results of bis 'investigations, they will probably appear in the i wj lii vised; Edition of his" brother's Annotated Translation jf Heroi.Otcs, fchortly to come out in London. Sir. IIkn-v DintKs, a wtll known Civil has jiat published a bock of curious yet phlnful interest, it the fruitless labors it records are considered, though to many of the laborers the tearjh itself jraay have proved its own ample reward.

It is iliiustrative if ma i v. jiruk lauotKt that feiill lilt through the toil-worn brains of im-afc'instive men 01 science Perpetual Motion. It is entitled Pnmum centuries of per-petul moticnj or search for self-motive power in tbe seventeenth, eighteenth and nineteenth centu-nrs. Illustrated from authentic sources papers laterjs, paragraphs, and patent specifica-ti4nst-with runerous engraings of machinery, aid frms 1 vjl. crown 8vo Mrork Jlepresintative Government is n6w In press by Mr.

John Stuart Mill, and will shoitly be ia.u.ed by his publishers, Messrs. J. W. ParMR A Co. The former voluminous-works of Mr.

Mill were produced when he was engajed in the duties of a imoet responsible oflice. As the extinction of the ast India Company has placed him at leisure, in the enjoyment of a libcrar pension (1.000 per araitun.) while he is yet in the prime of life, ffrtber contributions of equal value may occasionally be eipcted from him. one hundred pa-cs of Mr. Buckle's new volume has been received in this country, and commhnd the miration of all who have read them, They explain the curious concatenation of Si amjerd as the subject matter of vel-ume2of the History of Cttiltzation these twe counties to exemplify the extremes and result: of the and restrictive system, Papal fepain being contrasted witn Presbyterian Scctlasd FaArrs Kltowsi, the blind poetcBS, whose literal efforts cfn in ued from earliest childhood through destitution, tuflering and total bss ihtave wcii her universal sympathy, is about advewuring in a new field, and will shortly issue ATy SJtare if Me World-An Autobiography, ia 3tcl.Jpost her inter-estmg story. rrhe recent accident to Chichester Cathedral, wlKh occasioned the fall ot its tower and spire, CttrimU record, of these historical Enenumenta, which mnst Ker or1 later aurnit to the common lot which awai'a the work.

Mr. MrrtRAT-a last enterprise, fiffni Jf CathedraU ditisMof weica, for the Southern Cjunties." is just icblikbedhi two volumes, lecmierninentlT caku'ated to supply the want as it abounds with illustrations from otltLial drwtnr irarJts, jand givea ample descriptivt accounts of the buildings, besides a history of each Bee and its most prominent occupants. The; scale of the Work rather belies the title of Hand-Book, similar Instalments being promwed for the Eastern, northern, Western and Wlsh Cathedrala, so than aa abridgment will be necessary for tourists' use. SThe catalogue of the books -of Zslotis IIobvir, which are to be sold ia May next bjr Leonard A Co of BotHort. describes incom-pirably the finest collection of book gems ever ofered for sale in America.

In this day of appel'ations, when every one calla his bdek-ease a library," the size of thej collection is net remarkable, comprising less than 1,200 lots. But among these are probably more books that could not be duplicated on thia side the Atlantic thkn in any library yet dispersed. English literature is the main feature of it, and besides fine ct ies, mostly on large paper, and in the beet condition, of the standard editions of the British pots, historians, 4c tbe unique feature of the library is the assemblage of original editions of the old Elizabethan authors and dramatists, ia many cases the identical copies that have lent lus-treaoihe Kox burgh, Heber, Bright, and other renowned libraries, including copies of the woiks or rate pieces of Sir Thomas More, Nic Breton, Thos. Hewood, R. Braithwait, Geo.

Chapman, Thos. Decker, Geo. Gascoyne, R. Green, John Heiwood, ThOs. Nasb, Saml.

Rowland, George Witter, Ac, Ac many of the best old chroniclers, as Fabyaa, Holu gshed, Hardyng, and others. Dr. Dibden'a and Sir Egerton Brydges' Bibliographical works, A library like this is worth chronicling, because its existence in the possession of a gentleman still engaged in commerce, tbowa the possession of a degree of liberal taste and spirit la expenditure, worthy of all commendation. W. National, academy kxiiidition.

Laadseapee of the Present Year. For a long time after "the Swedish Nightingale's" visit to the United States, numbers of would-be Termed musical cognoscenti withheld their admiration and patronage from every new vocaj candidate, because she could not sing like. Jjnsy Lind. In like manner we hear of numbers wailing and refusing to be comforted because the present exhibition is not as the others have been quite forgetting that all that may be very true, and yet i very wide margin indeed be left to give visitors itheir full two shillings' worth. It is only the most vulgar of minds which require that any given work or collection of art be everything or nothing.

As regards the claim of this year's exhibition to patronage, we can only say that there is probably not one ho reads us who has not scores of times paid the usual twenty-rive cents to see one-twenty-fifth ifart of as much attractiveness, and yet departed perfectly satisfied. The real trouble ia not so mtich the want of merit as the amiable admission of a heavy proportion of crude trash'not worth the cbnvas which it covers. JJere is the absurditv Why; fill six galleries with nearlv six hundiwt pictures, when three hundred would have attracted morei admiration When we hear that numbers were iactually refused a place among the scarecrow canatlle of the latter three hundred, we tremble at the audacity which must insoira som of the; white-washing candidates for a place in the temple of American art. Hanging Committees should remember that in this countrv their iudi? ments involve great responsibility more than is determined by popular pen criticism," and inconceivably more than is established by the very fluctuating and unreliable standard of market rates.) If they will not hold quackery and impu dent ignorance in cneck who can do it And when an institution which boasts anion? its Members, jAcaaemicians and Council, the first art-names in the country, sutlers a sinele vrreteheri effort to find place on its walls, that elTort will always be a permanent blemish on Us fame aad judgment. 1 he lam-scspes of the present exhibition share.

as regaros merit, the general characterises of the whole. They have, however, a high claim to interest. as fullv illus trating, at least, the influences, motives, manners, methods and tendencies which inspire landscape, paibting in this country at the present day. Let it be remembered that, as in every other branch of artj progresses collectively and not individually. The very first landscape artists-- the old Paradise-painters of the school of Brabant, all moved on together ia family likeness, though they, doubtless, neld themselves to be vastly 3iflerer.t.

Tneir pleasant old pictures, in which native vigor struggled with mannerism, riper ed bravely through a series of artists of four nations, until it culmkiatedl'inthe Ruysdaels, Rosa Rubens, Bnayers, Van Neer, theCaracci, Pousein, Claude and others, each of whoin introduced startling novelties and new subjects, yet all of whom united in expreeiin? a pecu iar thought ineach pictsre. So late as the days of Verve ard GaIkf borough, few artists ever painted a landscape tvithout having some poetic figure or idea symbolized in it, as has been forcibly demonstrated by modem writers in the landscapes of Salva-TOR and RctsDakl. It is worth while to bear this in mind as characterizing all old landscape-works. out-of-door artist" of the present day seldom 'does this. Sometimes a Cole directly allegorises- with the aid of genre, but the real landscape-painter endeavors to put himself directly in communication with nature, as.

the! best pictures in this exhibition abundantly testify. Composition even, once so com-mo, is ioeiog ground rapidly in favor of those direct copies, which a felse and preposterous "popular taste," till within a'few years, condemned us lacking originality." The result isa healthy tendency tqwatds a sound naturalism, which must in a very few years develop a thoroughly batural school of great vigor, merit and originality; No. 39i, in the First Gallery, A Study frpm Nature," bj Hiram Ferguson, is the first work ot any approach to merit among its more than mediocre neighbors of this genre. It is a study of rocks jih a forest back-ground, deserving praise aa a conscientious effort to reproduce a difficult fact. Its defect is the one very common to such studies, of being almost a monochrome, or gray in VaEARI calls cameo paintings.

single material is apt to make the eve ferget such differences of color and tone, and even of shade as do Even a sand waste has its Coring. The front rocks seem too naively mannered," as if studied, boy like, bit by bit, and as if forgetful in each detail Of the whole. The dim broken' vista of foliage in the back ground gives, however, a very pleasant impression, and we are far more inclined to pike the work as being in the rightdirec-tion thandecry it for negative defects. i In No. J07.

A Study from the stile at ianny Side," byG. Q. Thorkdike, we have another literal transcript from Nature, on a more ambitious scale, with defect of a different descriptlo. In this Hudkcn view, we trace a far better appreciation in the mind of the artist of the effects light and air, than aaill in etting them forth on canvas, a drawback heighened by want of The aerial perf pective exhibits a good intention badly carried obt that is to aay, the light is wel harmonized ith the distances, and, with the ak and clouds arjd especially the sun reflection on the central wter. exhibit a degree of merit contrasting strongly with the general crudity, we mlghi eay coarseness, of other portions.

In its good conception sxd fcdifferent finish, this work might be compared jjto a carelessly copied photograph. This combination of good and bad qualities is strikingly jnarked in Nos. 167 and 173, "8hawan-t unk Mountain Scenery, and Saco River Rr by D. HraToiCTOK, an artist whose fame is birdly of the elder schooL which refers nmml mPTat detailed stdy, is a misfortune, but that they should have so much of the expression at what v-noK critics call jsajustfacitre, is a decided fault. Walls Doin ara gooa illustrations of happy selection of uujeci mi4 incjoeni, tney also convey the ImSres-sion of indoor cotnpocition.

In studying theni we find abotdint indications of derth and snirii.hdlr exprtsaed. Tbert is Id rock and tree and water a Sguboij, 5lpril si, 1861 want of variety m-r7croia--theTe is something woopy or pasty In the material, as it were a wax -work scene, producing an impression of a wsnt of care and contrast. These defects are the mor to be regretted since they are of the kind specially avoided by landscape-painters of tao latest day, and consequently will conceal from many the real merits and happy conceptions in the mincj of tne artist, and expressed, though in a writ ten language not generally imelligiole, in these pictures. Thi; landscape attraction of the present exhibi-bitiori is, beyond question, the "Twilight in tbe CatsKills," No. 225, by 8.

Gifford ht time has Ijeen when nobody and least of ail critics woulfl" have believed there was one fluah of nature in eu a picture as this. There was a tiov, indeed, when Sir William Tjcmplx could com placefctly assert that there are shies wnirh no artift would dare to put into his paintings Now, however, the artist, quite as conplncehtly informs the world that he woulJ like to see the sy he wouldn't put into a picture, evea though it were the famed mythical one which rained cans and dogs, or that siiii more in German legend, which is hung full of bisa-violsl And yjtt there is not, from the deep plum-color fcn ceol the mountain ridge, to the richest orange and crjmson of tire late Summer-glory, a single or atmospheric, which tbe itudent haa not seen in mountain lands of quiet evening, when every tree and rock rose neutral-black against the warm orange sun down sea. We hte seen exactly this sunset, over such gradually light into a premature Aurora until the extravagancies," as some may possibly regardj them, of Mr. Gifford's picture, ccmmSnplace and tame. It is a pleasant thing wh( in artist, as in this instance, seizes a subject fully jn his own peculiar and highly developed jstyle, and Is moreover blessed by happy dess during its completion.

Thus the treatment ojf the waterfall, and the peculiarly striking management of the stream in this picture, may be regarded as heightening to aa extraordinary degree thje merit of the other portions, though they have bit little direct share in the predominant color-characteristics of the whole. In a picture ol real rndiit, as in every real landscape, there are however effects of light and shade so subtle as to defy the most careful analysisnay, they even de-ty direct observation although the greater part of the impiessicn of the whole is due to them. The. artist, hv'e paintirg, puts them down, sometimes owing to the "happy accident" or chique, but far mor frequently to the creative instinct which grows ijpon Mm, as upon all artisans, of making results they know not exactly how. It is in this Debatable Land, between ability with self-consciousness and ability without it, that the sphere of sentjment in Art lies, and it is in this land tht GiFFOBp is peculiarly at home.

Golden haze, aerial sheen, rich mists and dreams of "cloud-land, gorjeous-latd," fall like dim curtains over his forests and fields, the whole abounding far more in poetic, feeling than in developed thought. Thus far Mr. Gifford has culmiuated ii this picture-but we hnticipate from him other works in which he will grapple with more difficult problems of color, and be less indebted to startling or peculiar phenomena, however congenial, to aid him. Of congenial mysticism and remarkable in many respects, we have No. 334, The Star in the West," by T.

E. Church, a work deficient neither in depth ior expression, and inspired by a very earnest sentiment of Oriental poetry refined by Christian feelihg. The scarcely-defined partiug of the rays of ihe Star into a cross, as it gleams over the Land of J'alms, is very beautiful the elements seem to bend to miracle. Through wood and stream, and field and lull aad oce an, A quickening life from the Earth's heart has burst, A lt has liver done with change and motion. From the'great mor lng cfihe world when firrt Goa daw cd on eiieos In its stream immersed, Tie lampi oi Heaven flath witn sotter light All barer JaiDgg, pant wiihOlfe's nacicd ttiim D'ffuse themftiTes, and spend in love's delight The beautr and lhe joy ol ihelr renewed might." This painting is emphatically one appealing to sentiment, and one of the few of this kind which challenge btudy.

We have spoken in the first picture described of the temptation, which the artist is made to yield to monochropu to let himself be subdued by a single color, ar.ci communicate it excess to the whole picture. peculiar instance of this may be observed in jtwo otherwise very beautiful and highly attrative pictures. We refer to No. 14, "Gene-sec Oahsj" No. 475, "A Landscape," by A.

B. Pciund. In the former, especially, we have a fine pleasint picture in all the freshest time of green leaki-s, rass and herbage. Oak openings loig, cool rambles in one direction, a win-, ning disiiince of level wooded country spreads broad and wide and calm in another, while the quiet brock, which should always form the life artery of such a view, is not wanting. The tangled wood-wall and the tutted green," and a thousand passages ih the goe old moral poets, are recalled by this natural park where cattle graze, where all is unaffecscd and agreeable and kindly.

But there is one drawback an overpowering excess oi green which overcomes depth and chiaroscuro and many othfr happy effects to which we would gladly vielil. Nature never allows color to conquer shade; to this extent, even in water, much leas in solid instances. Mr. Rusxw more than once rushes into monochromatic dwelling with wild jjoy on its effects, but it is only a power so far as it is checked by shadow. Not that the verdure in khese pictures goes by any means to this excess, tut there is just so much of it as to weaken mtiny fine points, and especially some which judging from the effect on memory-would have been but for it, vigorous and strongly impressive.) A peculiar mixture of good and bad effects ia presented by No.

14S, The White Mountains from Mount Caster," by E. W. Nicholas. Like Christian's ascerit to the Blessed City, the view rises from a detestable valley of the cheap fire-board painting school to very pleasant moun'ain heights, frorn which a slender brook winds its way down the njiddle distance, over sunny slopes, to the lront. Very excellent conceptions of distance, colorl and perspective gradation here contrast strangely with some utter daubing; what ia popularly regarded as being the easier p3rti3n, being inconceivably the worst.

What Madlsoa Thesgkt Seceeiea. It may he averred, without the hazard of contradiction, that no individual in his day and generation devoted more time, whether as a deputy in the Convention that formed the Constitution of the United States, as a member of the State Convention that ratified it, as a member of the Congress that organized the Government, and took action on the proposed amendments to tbe Constitution, to say rjothing of the contributions of his pen with Hamilton and Jay, in those celebrated letters styled The Federalist." I ssy let it oe remembered by the rising generation especially that that Individual was Jaxxs Madison, of Virginia. In the course of the debates in the House of Representatives oa the amendments to the Constitution an interrogatory was put, which Mr. Madi-eos answered in the following words The honorable gentleman from Massachusetts (Mr. GERT)asks if the sovereignty is not with tbe people at large does he inter that tbe people can in oetachtd bodies contravene aa act by the Whole people? My idea of tbe sovereignty of tihe people is, that the people can change the Constitution if they please, but while the Conttitutim exists, they must conform themselves to its But I do not believe that be inhabitants of any district can speak the voice if tbe lcople so far from it, their ideas may contradict tbe sense of the whole people." The soundaess of Mr.

Madisos's views on this point in particular were well understood by the Bute Conventions, hence the House on a subsequent day rassed the ninth article The eaume-' ration In lhe Constitution of certain rights, shall not be construed te deny, or disparage i others re-taic4bjtbs people." lo. m. ml I i Hon. James O. Putnam has siniied his ac-eeDtascs of tbe CoBsnlahiD to Ham.

aad has aa- sordini ly disposed of bis reaiseate La Fiedoaia. 4. itamah affairs. Ce.t C.v.. wfc mm tba EtBU Qae tlea, The following is the full text of the speech of CcuntCAvota oa the Roma, quesUon, delivered in the Sarclnian Chamber of Deputies on the 25th a reported In the Turin journal L'ludu Tr honorable member, In tnterroeatlng the Ministry, has accurately stated the quetUoa.

He asks why lhe prii clple of non-intervention la not applied to Korre, clim from the Ministry aa expUnation or lhe lire of eondect which it intends to follow. The Roman qoesien ought to be thoroughly cmildered. I ihall i ot content mytelf with replying to the question of the boaoiatde mca.ber, but I ahatl tUe f.Jir my own opinion with regard tn this problem, the solution of which interests 300 Catholics, and will ererclse an Immense 1r flutnre wpon lhe world. Oratorical artifices would be nere(entirely out of placs. When tils was still a remote one, and dul Lot Ceoiano an immediate tolution.

prudence dictated that lhe Minieuy aliould treat it with reserve bit now a'Uiough Immense diftieultles still iiirround who hi Uo hvi.or to addreta you, be wtU DiJeavrr to Fatts'y vour expectations. The first truth to te proclaimed It that It Is im-pon-Weto conceive a constituted Italian kinedom witfc out Ron for l' capital. If we have a rigat-lf it lsourduiy to wish lopouess Rome, it is becmseof Ui'i Tlie bunoraole member justly said that tcls truth is felt and uohesittJngly p'orlaln-eil I all who julge with candor our affairs, ltalv as, inceed, much yet eft to do to organize herself to tolve the orobiem of berin'arnal admimstra-ticn, nU to over irow the secular obitacles erected wi bin her own bofoiu aalntt political order. In order to ariie atlhese rexuhsfbe has need of a unljn a concord wtdch the Roman queti jn will render UDattainal.le to long a it remains unsetjed. Fml-neLt hud sincere men may feel a preference for one town ir another, but lt Is incontestable that if Rome were once our capital ail discussion on this point would thenceforth re impossible.

The fact alone vtould bring about an absolute and unlveMrl agree-meiit. 1 tee, therefore, with regret Uat eminent men patriots who have rendered great fervlce to the ecuntry, and to whom Hon. M. Achinot hat alluded attiibiite the necessary choice which we have made of our natural capital to futile or trivial motives. TU.

choice has been determined by history, ard by 'ne elements of the civilization of a people. IV hat is the hlstiry of Roma but the history of a cai.ital more than thxt, of a capital of the world It will become now that of a treat nation. 1 appeal to the patrlotljm of all Italians. Let our unanimity make manifest to Europe the Bfcetsity which these facta impoie upon us. I avow that personally I perhaps prefer the simple and plain streets of my native city to the ancient and modern monuments ofthe Eterr.al City.

Bui my resjlution is taken like that of my countrymen, like that and I peak now aa the representative of Turin of the noble city which Is retgned to that saciiflce which the country demards of It. We must go to Rome, but ithout trenching upon the Independence of the Pope, without bringing the Churc'j under the domination of the State, lt though I believe that to be impossible Fram found hertelf powerless to onooie ur entry Rome, ve would not. in order to effect that entry, use violence towards ber. Let us not Unit Austria in the Ingratitude avowed with a deplorable courage by the lips of one of her states xea. This sort of coinage lhe haa always displayed.

At the Congress cf Paris no Power was so hostde to Russia, so obstinately opposed to peace, as Aust ia, which had been saved by her hut a few years before. At for us, bound as we are to Russia by a friendhtp which a passing cloud obscured, I hope only lor a moment, let uho by our coiiouct towardu France that we do not resemblo the Power htcn v.c have fought against with lhe aid of the French anri'cs. Wh'n, ia lo'J. vse aked fcr the support of France, the Knipcror old ru diss mble to himtttlf the difficulties of the si'uation ia v. t.ich this war would place him with respect to the Court oiRome.

We cannot, after having accjpted the boon, aggravate the embarrassment in which it ay involve the benefactor. If v.e cm succeed in convincing Catholics that the reunion of Rome with tlie rest of ltalv cancot place the Church iu a position of dependence, the question will have made a smat step towards solution. Many conscientious people think, indeed, that if the Parliament were Mi Rome and thn King at the tjuiri-nal the Pope would lose much of hi lodepenc'eaee, and ould be nothire. more than the grand almoner or he chaplain of the Kaup. If these fears were well louDCtd 1 hould Lot hesitate to s.iy tOatihis reunion would be latal, not culy to Catholicism, but to Italy.

opieatcr calamity can befall a people than the con-ceLtratien in the hands of the Government ofspiiitaal and temporal power. When tnesc powers are united ltbtty oisarpears the lulc of cdiphs picvaits. It everbe so in Italy. Let us tx inline under all its pects this question of the influen of the uni on of Rome with Italy upon the independence of tie spiritual rower. Now, in the fist insiince, -los the temporal power render the Pound reaJly in-iependent If it v.eic so, 1 would hesitate to solve the problem.

But vo person can maintain such a view. In tlie timci when sovereigns resting upon the Divine rght, retarded their domination aa a rint of absolute property over men and things, I con understand tha. a power of ti i liutuic was a guarantee for the Pone. Thp authoiity was at least ubndtted to, if no; accepted. Rut since IV Mi Govtrnmei.ts have reposrsd upon the ci ntent.

eipresied or tacit, ofthe people. France, Lrglnd, Prussia, proclpjm this principle. Russta it, or at least no longer repulses it ns the tmpeior Nicuctis did. A Power which does not rv? ui.oi this hlch maintains aa absolute ar.ttj-enism between the people which it governs and itself, has no U.i',tr the fcsibility of existence. Now tnii tearsin Uic Papal States and appears as aa tvll without rcnedy.

I appeal to the testimony of a wi cevoted hlraseif to an impjesible task at Kone. whose death ws one of Hie greatest mitfor-xiines experienced. The people, exhausted bj tne st-ufgles of the Empire, supiiorteel tor some t'rne a regime which was rendered less harsh by tne gOi.chiCM ot U.e Pot ond the enlightenment of ar. iiisl Cwit'in, Io 1 i I broHe out, In li-31 it shewed itstlf more vtviulv. From to Ancona it openly bia.ed out.

Jvjw, for nearly Twj ears RrniagT.a is free, is united to us, hm a fee tree Aeciaiioiia. Theie is one cleiial j'jur-nl at Lokpna it is mors violent than the Arn.irna of Turin. Has there teen maiufetted amouff tliee populations any regret whaUuevtr for the accieat GovtmBiei.t? They hive certain Miniktera and the Mirdiry iueli. Ko one tnat 1 know hat de-miiiuled of me the lcstoration of the former authorities. Alkctinore remarkable mill, the Marches and l'utbtia have rx tn.

on ing to causes dependent on mil-itaiy and political ciicunnstaiices, by the armed forces. a soldier remain theie. They ren.ain iniruued to the patriotism of ths National expostd to tl.e u.teir.ots of a party umaued ijuite nctr, a', forne ltHguesotl, at Roaie the conduct of these people fib been pure from all excess, and admirable in ltdoiu, aliDouyh they were menaced by Catholics travestied as Zouaves. I am not tne de-11 at of the temporal, power, but I luutbe jat towards it. I hold neither the Pope r.or uls Miuiiter, to be responsible for the atrocious acts to which, at certain points, tne leactiou tended.

These acu nly prtve the deplorable influence which uch a ri me exercises over human character. 1 bePeve I have tuff cuntlv istablisheu the antsniilsin which exists between the Holy See and tho oopulatlous. If that be so, this pow er is not for the Foe a guarantee of independence. It is sld to be necessary lor Catholic society, and that it ought to be guaranteed by tlie catholic Powers. Are human stiil necessary to tender the gods piepiUout? It it in the nams ol Him who save his life tor tho warid the saenfi of a i.niion should be demanded for his representative Jt is said But lhe Pope may conciliate tlie people by relirms; andtnosewfco think thu make efforts to obtain from the Pope such concessions, never themelvca to be discouraged by refmals but tLis is asking what the Pope cannot grant; for his poKOicn as a Hliticl SoveiTign is suoordinate to his renk as head ot the Church, since his temporal power ought to te to him no more than a guarantee, a safeguard for his spiritual power, which latter must stni Rv rnaklna- concessions hp wnnl.l rn-t his duties aa a PtutlffT He ma accept ana tolerate rtain inititutioLs, but he may not or.secrate them.

Thut, ior example, he tolerates civil marriage ia Prance, but he cannot proclaim it in his osrn domia-ions. It is tbe some with a host of other institutions hlch are opposed to Catholic pnecepis. but oi which it is, nevertheless, necessary to aluiit the existence. The Pope should not be reproached for that which is in reality not obstinacy but firmr.ess, and for which 1 hold Uiat Catholics ought to be gritefui to him aa a meritoilous fidelity to his duty. I have oftea combated the opinion of those ho have iaslited that the Pope should grant reforms, and have blamed him for not conceding them.

At the Congress of Paris, I was asked which might be exacted of him. I refuted to indicate any. i pi of esse openly the opinions h'ch I am upholding here and, in conjunction with so. bs lKuMTTi, wnoiooK an important part ia these negotiations, I declared that the only means of av erting those countries without military occupation was tne aosciute separation oi ins ipmtjai from the temporal power. Ail these efforts ill be defeated by the radical impcafibiliUes which result from tar contusion of the two Powers.

Ea Jaboiirg to invent reform for Turkey; there is not pnniuiiniucu mi nov oeen mane tor Uus purpose It baa been sought to reconcile there the rights ofcivii life with the Government such as it Is there eousa-tuted. The attempt haa rot ancceeoed, aad never wuisucceeu; theurden of the tvo It i i 1 .1 mn i iius me temporal nower otnj maepenoent. Can lt be a id that in Icslng it he wM only change the form ot his sutje ction No we can gtve htm the of which he stands to much In need. It Is prerlf ely tha reparation of the powers which will give it to nun. Witen tlie Church is oace emancipated from ah connexion with the temporal au horttv, and separated from the State by distinctly marked limits, tbe liberty of ihe Holy See will co longer have to suffer from the shackle lmpored upDn it by concordats and the prerogative of tha civil power, which the tern-port 1 power ol the Curt of Rome baa alone rendered ntcetiary up to the present time I belie re that every sincere ce tires above aO things such an The only fifMcuUyl to discover by what guarantees this liberty of the Church will be assured.

We will gtve it ample guarantees ws win it scribe the principle of the iccJprocal indepeadcace of the ChurcA and of the Bute ia tne fundamental statuie e4 the kwrdcraa, and we will insure by all social bJen cans its complete realization. But th sweet goaraxttee is its thoroughly Caxboiie character ot the i Italian people. Italy has olttn made greut enurts for the refrrm cf ecclesiastical discipline: but the has sever raised ber bead acaiact tbe religion wit a waich it is eennectrd. Tee country of Aavot of Brescia, cf Dsim, ot Savaxaboia, of taart, ot CiAsvosa, has ever, like these, soughUwily the retona ot tae Charch teal ardent eeaire has always been acetMnpanied by trie tna delerminaiioa that tbe tkould sabrist and beeonw score free. That free-tUm wUl be better beared by ta love of 24,000,000 ot citixeae.

than by a few saeteenartes. it ia said, inett aofeje art lauaoaosi aji your ii 1' proposals aad negofiafJoas are rtpulsed." i akaU not enter la to sny detail upon this delicate 1 admit that np to thia time none of our efforts save racceed ed but I also declare that heretofore we have never explained our Intentions openly and fully, aewe plain them now. We may, therefore, a till ehertssi some bone. Hletory shows ns that Rome, Invaded nr the Spaniards of Catena taw tbe Pope some Uire -afterwada crown Cbajais and ally himself tb. bm.

Why may we hot tee the aeree change wroejht upon Pin IX. at the present day But IX tho Pope-'. shi uld repulse as he has httterto done, we shall iot cease to remain to the same principle. Arrivt at Rome, we shall proclaim te the Cbuteh hum the State, and coniecrated by 0te reprcrentatives of the natlonand. when the veritable fni'ucUii Iuliana and their sympathy lot the refijr-lrn of ti-ejr lathers have been made evi 'ent la tbe face of un, ihe great maiontvcf Cathodes will approve, i.

no wjii came to fall upon the right bead the of thefugele in which the Court of "on'ewoeM have sought to emer with 'he nation, ii ft" ruk.of beirg deemed I to; i an, I avow my be-ueruat whentheae principles have otea proclaimed am, cot stcrotl by you, the tonl of Pros k. Irw Jhe tenerous sent! tne nt which earned C'U nie years ago, will to acijulrethe immortal glory bf Davrg rroonci.f the ItaUaa nation with the Ch arch, no religion w1h Uberty." mu. The diaeussion on the Roman question was continued cn the 27th. Count Caveea maintained thatlt was urg.ntUiat Rcme should bo Immediately declared capital of Italy. The transfer will," ge said.

ta place In consequence of a law adopted qy tlie Chambers, and without any dlaturbancee. Tie tirr for it ill be fixed by law. We offer to tae spiritual power of the Pope all the guarantees for Re liberty ard moral force which a friendly Coveramat can tvtr give to the 1 hope that pabfie opinion will very soon be disposed for the procla'na-tion, ai that France will aeree with us la the master." Count Cavoca supported Signor BconcdMrAaaf a proposal, which waa almost unanlcaoutly agreed fc by 'he Chamber. The propoeition is as follows The Chamber having heard the declaration ofthe Ministry, and beins confident that aUr having; u- urtd the oignitv and the Indepyr.denco of the Pone and tbe complete freedom of the Church, the principle I of non intervention will, in concert with Prance, be applied to Rome, and that Rome wilt be made the capital of Italy, passes to the order of the day." The debate at then closed. NAVAL.

AFFAIUS. Vesaels Gains; late Caanmlsalea, mmi paring tor Sea. Prel It hat been already remarked that the utmost'ao-tivlty ii perceptible In the different Navy.yaris. Thk la cot surprising, when we consider that every veseei in tlie Navy that could.be made speedily available tar active duty la in process of preparation for Immediate sea service. Annexed Is the list: AT KIW The Perry, Savannah and Wabash, (whose State forwardceat will be found eliewherc) and the Romnoit, are preparing ccie.

The latter it like the H'oittt ti 1 all respecta. i AT BOSTOX. I The ii ittissirpt, incrnnei and Minnesota are Under icgtrucliona fcr Immediate commission and the Cale ra-'o, rankitg witli the Minnesota, haa been for months" In the ready S'ate. The Missi.isiiijri This ia a second-class side-wheel steamer, 1,822 tuns buin, was boj at in 1541, and caniea four gum. Bhe male ber last cruise in the Cidcrse aeaa, ard conveyed Maoister Waxd between several Eat India porta, while there.

The Mississippi ia one of the moat servieeabl ihipa in the Navy, and was proreunced, by EnglUl and French efhecra in the Mediterranean, some years sluce, to be the "best working craft" in the Straits- 1 i The Minnesota This splendid steamer Is now Flagi ship of the Home Fleet. She rates with the Wahatk Merrimack, Colorado, and others of that claaa. Her burCen ia 3t)0 tona ahe waa built at Washington laj ISoa, and ill carry on her ccmlng cruise no leu than? 40guca of very heavy calibre. The Minnesota bas done about four years active service, and haa been! wtcre Cspt. Doi ost con.mar.ded her.

Commodore STBJKuHAa, the late Adrlaer-In-Chlef ofthe Navy De" partment, has been appointed Commander In-Chief off. the Home Squadron, and ill hoitt his wihte flag on the Minnesota, He went from this City last night put her in commission. Tht Ymecrinei The Yincenves returned frem the I Afilcan Squadron, in charge of a Kurgeon, last Bum- mer. He captured alivera on the coast, andj waa to ahort of officers that one of the Surgeons had' to navigate her home. She la 7C0 tona burden, car-f ries -JO guns, and as built In Brooklyn thlrtv-nve )earssgo.

About six weeks will be required to fit! her out. Th Colorcr.o Thia ship is 3,400 tons burden, rates-40gunt. and waa conauueted a few feet from her present berth in Eoston, at the tame time that the Xtazcra, Wabarh aad Merrimack wete built elae- where. She never did much duty, having only cne on the Home statlcn. She haa been reaiy for some roontas, and she now oidy awaits orders to go in commission.

i rniLADELPnix. The St. Laurence, Jamestown, and Water Witch are at Philadelphia. The St. Lau-rence waa the latt flagship ofthe Brazil Squadron relieved the Savannah, (then a frigate,) the wide flag cf Commodore Miacia, who was 4 lavly deuched from lhe 1 $57, aad was placed by the preser flag-sliip (the Congress) a Httle ever tw ara ago.

The St. Lawreitre is a fi rat-class i sailing filiate, 1,726 tons burden, aad cariies SO guns. She needs a considerable overhauling, and cannot be I ready lor tea before the 1st of May. The Jamtstoum, This ia a razee corvette, having i been a 50 gun frigate for many years. In oompaay with the Macedonian, tow at Vera Cruz, ahe took pro- to the ving Irish a few yeare since.

The I Jamettcu-n ia now one of the best aloopt-of-war ia the Navy. She waa built at Gosport lnl844, in 965 tone II burden, and caniea the armament of a firat-class cor- 'j ti The Water-Witch The Water WUch took the first thot that opened the famous Paraguay war," at the ltapine fort in Sor.th America. She waa for yeara cruia.ng In commard of Lieut. Paos, tlie explorer, aad returned to the Slates In 1656. She It a third-class side-whel steamer, 37 ton burden, carries three gum, and it sixteen year old, htvlag been built in Wathingtcn In 145.

g'je went in commission for duty on the Home madron, at Philadelphia, on Thurtday last. Her de parture for the South will pitbably take place to-morrow. xoaroLK. Tbe Merrimack, Plymouth and GtrManlown ara at Norfolk. 'i I The Mrrrimack, one of our largest teatae's, is 200 tout burden, carries forty guns, and waa built in Boe- ton In lKSi.

Sue waa late flag-ihip ot the Padfle Srjuauron, ia in good condition, and ean be fitted out in a few weeks. he Plymouth Was laat employ 4 aa a echeol-ship for midshipmen, old Ironsides rtlievttg htr. tfoe Is not oncer immediate ordert for servlott; Her tonnage it tons, ahe carries 23 guns, aad waa bolli at fi Charleatown in 1643. It would take -tlx weeks to make her seaworthy. i The Germantoitn This cot vette is; In good order, and a alight ortrhaullng will auffi to make ber ready for co mod at ion.

She' ia 63 tona burden, carries 23 guns, atd was built at Philadelphia in 184 She eruiaed on the coast of Brazil. In coumaod of Cap. Ltrco, of expl. ration notoriety, from lb54 to t3 lHi7. anrl ttihw mriflv tn thm Phhi.a.

In commit sion thie fleet wjdl be as follows Mrrneiota Wabash Merrimack Roanoke Colorado St. Savannah Germantown Tincennea. Jamestown Mtaiissl nrd. Water Perry Total Ow. 4ft 44 40 4ft 4ft 5ft 22 SO 22 2' II 3,200 3.2M) 300 3,400 3,400 1,726 IJM 839 700 9S5 9f9 1.6V2 17H .25,81 too 4so 500 '900 500 ,200 300 i '300 309 iTO 150 430 -i i i ft 38 8alele Cyaa Ceaaty.

Mmivii f- v. f'r. linrflt AMI Tha to HoLDXjr, an old; and respected reaident of Locke, Cayuga committed suicide on Saturday last, 6th Inst lie wss missed about the middle ofthe forenoon, and Search being made, was found dead In the barn, hang-fas; by a tope thrown over the "big beam." lt is enpootei that a went up on the bay-loft, fastened the rooe to the beam, ad-juAted it to his neck, and jumped est frosn lhe icaffold lie waa about 70 years old. i. Tenporary lntanlty.

produced by long Sickaen ai a tear of poverty, was tne cause of the tonunlaxioa of the act. A Coroner'' lxejueat waa neM oa Sahday, an4 a verdict rendered la accordance with tbe above foe On Moatiav tbs funeral aa haM i i i Waat la A' oerrespoiidect, writing to the C) Register, under dale of r.nfxnl aim anm a ii bumilutting fact that Alaba-na baaseeeded6om "wkcjcmi umm not wm mini BaOOOrt hU ia keep from eier. "iT. "vy hm. i mi giaa mat tne old north State baa not consented fc secede and -1 aont She lever will under tha niMftt t.t r.Trr" Su es have.

I moat tay that, ao far at I tonderttaad oitin i nave ao tor ft; aad old taiata trim continue I will leave, tae M-aiecerscy ana return to ssy native state. 4s 5 4 I ft i 1 i it IV- fir 1 1 I- ti' it i ii 1 ii'ii; Stk 'lii tit r- 1 5 4t nr. ii I "-J2 ui if t-t 'I IS 's n. I I.