The New York Times du lieu suivant : New York, New York • Page 33

Section Section EDITORIAL SECTION EDITORIAL SECTION SUNDAY. DECEMBER 3. 1922. 1 mm mm tow WOULD CUT RED TAPE TO BUILD SCHOOLS Superintendent Ettinger Proposes Changes in Charter to Expedite Contracts. WANTS BETTER BUILDERS Says Education Board Should Not Be Compelled to Award to Lowest Bidder.

COULD ELIMINATE 50 STEPS Radical Action Needed, He Asserts, in Reviewing Situation at Beginning of Education Week. Radical modification of that part of the charter governing- the building of schools, which would cut red tape and permit the Board of Education to allot contracts to the ablest builders so that buildings might be put up by the dozen and not one at a time. Is recommended by William L. Ettinger. Superintendent of School.

In reviewing the school situation at the beginning of Education "Week. Dr. Ettinger would cut the fifty sequent steps necessary at present In awarding a contract, to one. offer bonuses to contractors, accept bids from responsible bidders rather than the lowest and expedite payments, so that It would not be necessary as now to crowd children Into unhygienic, part-time where there is no chance for a happy school experience, and accomplishment is retarded. Unfortunately.

New Tork City has (ailed to' maintain Its educational service unimpaired during the past twenty jrears." said Ir. Ettinger. Political considerations and divided responsibility have resulted in a most deplorable condition of insufficient school accommodations. While It Is true that tunnels, subways and court houses are urgently needed, the paramount need Is schools, and still more schools, to house decently our pupil-army of approximately children. Xo exaggerated or over-colored statements are needed to prove that a crisis exists that calls for Immediate action by the Board of iMaca-tion and the Board of Estimate.

Present conditions, although a gradual growth, have reached a stage of acute-Bess that calls for Immediate and radical action. hert-Ttia Iaatractlea. "Statistics are but poor stuff with which to stir up the emotions the citizens of our great city, but they do faintly suggest the magnitude of the existing evil. Short-time Instruction and Tar-large classes are most detrimental to efficient schooling-. Even double sessions, namely, early and late sessions ca full time, are net the equal In value of the old-fashioned five-hour school day.

Tet short-time instruction, over-Urge and double sessions exist throughout our school system. Tne condition in our schools as of October. 1W-. were as follows In the elementary schools, although there were pupils on full time, regular session, there were on double session and 1H.04O on ehort-time Instruction: In our high schools, although there were 32,198 on full time, regular session, there were V.bS. on double session and M.770 on short-time.

Moreover, the evils of double suasion and short -time Instruction are further augmented by over-large classes. Experience has shown that under ordinary conditions registers in excess of forty are too large to insure good discipline and efficient Instruction. What were the conditions in our schools as of last March? There were classes with registers of 55 or over, la which were enrolled 3.755 pupils; 541 class with registers from 51 to 55, In which were enrolled 28.050 pupils; 518 classes, or a total of pupils, with registers of 50: 4.165 classes with a total of 1M.740 pupils In with registers from 45 to 50; o.dOtt classes, numbering 239,310 pupils, in classes with registers from 40 to 45. Despite the earnest, continuous and skillful efforts of Superintendents. Prln- I clpais and teachers, children are crowd- 1 into school buildings in wmcn conoi- i tlons necessary for hygienic, happy school experiences, full-time Instruction and effective accomplishment are abso lutely lacking.

Plaas ta Remedy Cesditlena. What Is being doi.w to remedy such conditions? Much has been done and much more is projected. Thus, between Beptember, 1921, and the close of Oeto- fcer, 1922. 35.276 additional sittings were provided In elementary schools, 4.5.' in schools and 30o In continuation schools. In other words, additional sittings to the extent of 40.13'Z after several 'years' struggle were finally made available at a cost of approximately 22.

000,01 10. Moreover, more money la immediately available and additional money la promised by the city authorities. But the evils that have retarded our building program are of long standing and must be peremptorily removed if the present crisis Is to be met. At present the elapsed time between the approval of plans by the Board of Education and the completion of a given school Building is from two to three years. The Crocedure followed in arconlanc with iw and custom in requesting funds, making plans and letting contracts, is toost involved and time-consuming.

For example, there are fifty distinctly marked steps that must be taken before the contractor Is finally notified to begin work on a new school building. I do not wish to create the Impression that the present system Is wither merit. Four important points should be notd connection therewith: (1) That publicity and opportunity for consideration are assured at every point In the entire proceedings; (2) that each atp Is required either by statute or ordinance, or Is the result of years of experience In the transaction of public business, and thus has become a fixed practice: 3 that accuracy is absolutely essential at all points. since an error at any stage would have serious results that the award of contracts must ba made to the lowest financially responsible bidder. Too Mack Red Tap.

Nevertheless, it is generally conceded that there Is too much red tape Involved In the present method. It Is Imperative In the Interest of efficient busies administration that the Legislature motJfy present charter requirements and clothe the Board of Education with full power to construct buildings, upon the due certification of its Superintendent of School Buildings that ail code provlsolna have been met, without incurring the delay that is incident ta present practice, in accordance with i Ceattnaed Pare This Sectlea. Expect Pope Pius to Make Visit to Castel Gandolfo LONDON. Dec. Central New dispatch from Rome ya that it la regarded as certain that; Pope Plus will Visit the seventeenth century Papal villa.

Castel Gandolfo. which is situated on the west bank of Lke Alba no. about thirteen miles southeast ef Rome. The (parish vicar was recently receive in audience at the Vatican, the dispatch said, and left with the Impression that his Holiness would make! the Journey. The nuns, who have occupied the villa for five years, have been ordered to leave.

Xo Pope haa visited Castel Gandolfo since 1870. DRIVE FOR WORKING GIRLS' HOTEL OPENS New York City Federation of Women's Clubs Is Directing $200,000 Campaign. STOCK 5 DOLLARS A SHARE Leaders Seek to Have Various Club Groups to Endow Rooms Now in Treasury. To meet the need for housing working girls with low wages the Federal Hotel Board, directing the New (York City Federation of Women's Clubs Hotel for Working Women, has opened a drive to raise 1200.000 for a new home. Sharea of stock are aelllng at J3.

but the drive leaders are asking Individual or groups of clubs to subscribe sums of $1,000. J1.200 or 11.400 for rooms to be known by the name of the group donating It. The Federation Hotel Board has said the hotel can be made self-supporting and for the average sum of $5 a week. The present hotel on West Twenty-second Street boards forty-five girls, but It has ben found Inadequate. The board has two tit's under consideration and $17,000 In the treasury.

Contributors of $1,000 or over are asked to pay one-third of It by January. 1923. and the remander in two years. The $200,000 must be subscribed by January. 1924.

Mrs. Richard M. Chapman. President of the City Federation of Women's Clubs. Is Chairman of the Wlrlve, and Miss Mary Garrett Hay and Mrs.

Clarence Bums. Co-Chalrmen. Mrs. Clarence Bums, working among elf-supporting girls fourteen years ago, found that their living conditions were unfortunate. Mrs.

Bums reported conditions to the Feieratlon of Women's Clubs, of which Mrs. Belle Me; Rivera then was President, and the Federation took tip the burden of operating the hotel. I Mrs. Eleanor B. Glogau is President of the Federation Hotel Board.

Mrs. Joanna A. Burke. and Mrs. Herbert C.

Smyth. Secretary Mrs. Bedell Parker. 3 Circle Avenue. Larchment.

N. President of the Society of Kentucky Women, the first of the women's clubs to give $1,000 for a room; In the proposed hotel. Is secretary of the drive, and Mrs. Haryot Holt rey- Publicity Chairman. A Chairman for teach bor-oueh has been appointed.

Working along different line, but with the same object of making hoiielng safe for girls, another group of women Is working for a city ordinance which will provide for the licensing of all boarding and rooming houses where girls are permitted to stay. This will be the first undertaking of the r.ew Council of Girls Organizations of the City of New ork. which was called this lat week by Mrs. M. K.

Slmkhovitch. director Oreen-wich Houee. I Eleven organisations have i combined. They are the Girl Reserve. Campfire Girls Jlrl Scouts, New York Association of Girls' Clubs.

Carroll Club. Girls' Friendly Association. Women Trades Union i League. United Neighborhood Council. American Women Association.

New York Association for the Promotion of Better Housing and New York Probation and Protective Association, SCHOLARSHIPS STILL OPEN FOR EX-SOLDIERS Extension Division Announces That All Awards Will Be Distributed by Dec. 31. With a record of more than 300.000 scholarship awards to ex-service men In the past three years, the Tj M. C. A.

announces that by Dec. 31 It have completed the distribution of awards up to the limit of the Educational Service Fund of the Association's National ar Work Council. The expenditure involved In these awards up to the present Is given as in excess of $5,125,000. The announcement is made at this time by the Extension Division of the United Y. M.

C. A. Schools as a final reminder to ex-service men who may i-k in share In the awards. These last lsrlhlM-wlll be distributed on the estaoUshed when a supplementary fund of $800,000 was made available a year ago! namely. 60 per cent, of the to the New Tork ClTv? "till contains funds that can Tthe" arrant aoTa? Shlrstae-nts-neoVmen IT.Tin taken awards under this plan.

Tnnumoer" who obtained the full scholarship awards totaled wu Hi from which the ex-se rvlce rr" during the closing weeks of Ve fund "ay be taken by correspondence or by residence work In at more than seven hundred In the United States and Canada. Forms for application for the awards may be obtained from any branch of "threstashrnVnf-thfund In 1919 more than 12.000 of the awards have been made through eo PegS'th. average amount In each award being $S7. In Aid of French-American Schools. A tea dance for the benefit or the French-American Union for Open Air Schools will be held at Sherry's cn Friday, Dec.

29- The committee, of which Dr. John Flnley Is President. Is funds to build a school which ill eery as i model tor many of the 7.00.1 In the devastated region. Among the patronesses for the tea dance er Mrs Herbert L. fiatterleo.

Mrs. Xavl-r Audlbcrt Mrs Fdward H. Settlnlus. Mrs. Kuiene Reynal.

Air. Charts Boyn-tou and Mrs. Kcbeit Coelet. TELLS RESCUE OF .45 FROM SINKING SHIP White Star Liner Pittsburgh Answered Radio Appeal of Italian Steamer Monte Crappa. BATTLED i HEAVY SEAS Passengers Crowded Ralls Watching I Small Boats on Life-Saving I Mission.

The first detailed report to reach New York of the rescue of the Monte Grappa's crew of forty-five men In mM-Atlantic by the White Star liner Pittsburgh, Captain. Thomas Jones, has Just been received at the White Star Une office from an officer of the steamship, which Is now at Bremen. The Monte Grappa was a new ship of 10.000 tons, belonging to the Navlgaxlone Liberia Triestina. She was under the command of Captain Stcfano Bartoll. and was bound from Montreal to Venice with a cargo of 9.200 tons of grain.

She left" Montreal on Nov. 5, and made good time until she ran Into a heavy southerly gale on Sunday. Nov. 12. She labored for forty-eight hours, and on Tuesday morning the shifting boards which kept the grain in position were carried away.

The ship immediately took a heavy list to port, until her port rail was under water. The starboard ballast tanks were filled In the hope of righting the vessel, but-their capacity was only 500 tons and they had no effect on the ship's stability. The two 'port boilers were then pumped out. but without effect. Throughout Tuesday the gale continued to range, and tv.e Monte Grappa's crew worked feverishly endeavoring to shift and Jettison cargo.

The decks started, and water made its wsy into the stokehold until the firemen were working In it up to their waists. Both port lifeboats were carried away and the starboard boats could not be lowered. Sends Call for Help. Fearing his ship would roll over or sink. Captain Hartoli had ordered an SOS call sent inut at 7 A.

M. Tuesday. His position was given. 43 degrees IS minutes north 41 degrees 55 minutes wett. This call was picked up bv the Pittsburgh.

Plotting the position of the two ships. Captain Jones found he was 13 miles from the Mor.te Grappa. He Informed Captain Bartoll that he was proceeding to his aid at sixteen knots an hour. Throughout the day the two ships kept In communication as the Pittsburgh was pressed through a heavy sea toward the vessel in distress. At :59 P.

M. the watchers on the Pittsburgh saw a rocket slightly off the starboard bow and made for It. Everything had been made ready for a rescue, and two emergency boats, with their crews aboard, wei-e ready to be lowered. Captain Jones had waived seniority among his officers In choosing commanders for the boats. and they were chosen by lot.

The Monte Grappa's lights were soon seen, and then, dimly, the vexsel itself. The Pittsburgh was manoeuvred to a position to windward of the Monte Grappa, and her first boat, commanded by J. l.aw, fourth officer, was got away smartly In a rough s-a. and laboriously made Its way toward the doomed vessel. At 9:30 the second boat was sent away In charge of W.

Pearson, fifth officer and was soon lost to sight In the rough seas and black night. Passengers Watch Rescue. Captain Jones now dropped the Pittsburgh down to leeward of the Monte Grappa and waited the return of the boats. The passengers on the- Pittsburgh held to i the rails spellbound, watching the slowly swinging lights of the Monte Grappa. Every time the distressed ship rolled to port the red light under the end of her bridge, touched the water.

The passengers with each roll held their breath, expecting the ship to roil over. i After what seemed an interminable time to the watchers on the Pittsburgh. No. 1 boat came alongside bringing twenty benumbed, wornout men of the Italian ship's crew. They were tenderly helped aboard, and in a few minutes were comforted with hot food and dry clothing.

The second boat, bringing twenty-two more, was alongside In a few minutes. The captain, mate and chief engineer of the Monte Grappa were still on their ship, and after the men in No. 1 boat had been relieved by a' fresh crew. Mr. Law again took his boat across the tumbling water.

and shortly returned with these three officers. The Pittsburgh then turned from the rolling hulk of the doomed steamship, which seemed ready to sink, and resumed her voyage to Southampton and Bremen. The rescued men were landed at the English In his report on the rescue Captain Jones gives credit to chief officer v. 8. (Julnn of the Pittsburgh for the smart manner In which the boats were lowered and the rescued men taken aboard the liner.

The Pittsburgh is equipped with a new type' of davit for lowering boats, and these proved wonderfully efficient In their first trial In actual service at sea. HONOR MISS ROWLAND, FRIEND OF BIDE-A'WEE Teddy, Police Dog, Vill Present 1 Medal to Benefactor of Home on Thursday. Teddy, police dog and mascot of the BIde-A-Wee, will present a medal to Miss Mabel Rowland on the stage of the Greenwich Village Theatre on Thursday when the regular Thursday matinee of the Fantastic Frlcasee will be given as a benefit for the Bid-A-Wee Home for Friendless Animals, at 410 East Thirty-eighth Street. The medal Is awarded for Individual effort and assistance. Miss Rowland helped us to raise our mortgsge last year." said Mrs.

Harry I'lysses Klbbe. President of the Blde-A-Wee. JLast year the medal went to William i' Gillette, a great cat lover. Others of the profession fond of cats are Florence and Ueorge Th'e'Home Is In need of an ambulance and a building for cats which have been pets. Mrs.

Klbbs vaid theatrical people were not the only ones who realized cats made as fco'xi pets as dogs. Vhile many person profess to like dogs better than cats rj pets." she sail. there are Ijyt! 1 ver who affirm that cats, whll priisp not such obvious ftiond.i iiojs, have tremen-dou affpcti'mal nature, and should not be aespUsd oi P' ts simply becau3e they (sometimes seem ti prefer the house and the plac; In which they live to the people with whom they live." Mrs. Klbbe explained that while the Home was well endowed, special needs often arose, such as the projected cat-UiJ." i Federal Reserve Opens 2 Branches to Speed Exchange of War Saving Stamps Due Jan. 1 The Federal Reserve Bank yesterday announced the opening of two temporary offices in uptown sections to accommodate holders of war saving certificates and stamps of the 1918 series, which are due Jan.

1923. and which may now be presented for exchange or redemption for the new Treasury savings certificates. One office has been opened at Fifth Avenue and 120th Street, and the other at Fourth Avenue and Twenty-third Street. The bank also has facilities for handling the stamps at its annex. Maiden Lane.

CALLS BANKRUPTS LAWYERS' VICTIMS Merchants' Association Work ing on Plan to Do Away With Existing Abuses. FEES CONSUME ALL ASSETS! Merchant Declarea Activities of Bankruptcy Ring Should Be Curbed. The Intention of the Merchants' Association to make a thorough Investigation of the Bankruptcy law and to suggest changes that will rid the present system of many abuses has met with widespread commendation, according to reports received by the association. It is known that some of the Federal Judges disapprove of the present procedure on the same grounds as those on which the activity of the association based, long-drawn-out litigation, duplicated expenses and the heavy costs. A short time ago the k.vH-latlon made public extiacts from letter from mer- chants and others showing how great a burden a bankrupt has to bear and how little is usually left to creditors after the costs are paid.

It now presents another batch of letters bear ng upon th! same subject. Hyman Bauman of flyman Bauman a member of the association, wrote: I had an opportunity some time ago to be at a creditors'- meeting where a committee of prominent merchants Wf re in charge, and the assets were so big that an offer of settlement of 43 per cent, was rejected simply because the assets In sight warranted rejection. After the matter got Into court and Into the hands of the receivers, the creditors were mighty glad to get 23 per cent, out of the wreck. This Is only one case out of ten thousand. In most cases the creditors hardly get' anything.

Usually ihe receivers and lawyers hold on to every cent until It la almost up." Renatl Clisl. a certified public accountant, wrote: In the Tmk Nrnr Tons: Tijiks 1 noticed the interesting article about the changes demanded in the Hankrupicv law by members of your association. The arguments therein presented art-convincing Indeed. It Is opportune, therefore, to suggest that an efi'lelem remedy to the wasuful methods at present used would be the appointmtnt of certified public accountants of good standing as liquidating agents fcr the courts." Kobert Pearlman of the Majestic Textile Company said: What Is Vnown as the Bnktuptcy Ring now exists whose activities nrt a great menace and should be durbed. Of course there are leirltlmrfte bankruptcies but there are mtny that come about through the connivances and conspiracies of accountants who in the course of their Investigations find out many weaknesses that ould be brldtred over, but who reveal them to vulture lawyers, from whom they get a share of the resulting spoils.

Speaking for myself and other merchants of our association, it Is Imperative that we give the situation Immediate attention. The integrity of business in the city demands It and many of us are willing to buck up. In every way. a committee that may appointed to Investigate and deal with these dishonest practices." Winston Paul of the Domestic Electric Company sail: I notice w-lth keen interest that you contemplate a campaign for the simplification of bankruptcy procedure. I read with aympatlicttc Interest letters from people to the effect that the present administration of the Hankruptcy law with Its excessive expenlltures amounts to a scandal.

I hope the report that you are taking up this Is correct, and if it is 1 want to wish you every auccera in this effort." Maine Society to Hold Dinner. The Malr-e Society of N.w York will hold Its annual dinner at Delmonlco'a on Dec. 1 at 7 o'clock. Samuel W. Mc-Call farmer Governor of Massachusetts; Job E.

Hedges and President Clifton l. Gray of Bates College will be the speakers. NEWS PICTURES "Romeo and Juliet" in Russia Several pictures of a Soviet-produced Shakespearesn drama with novel scenic effects. Japan's Prince Regent Ai the field manoeuvres of his army around the bate of Fuji, the sacred mountain. William' Jcnningt Bran Commends Swimmers With Governor Mcrrow of the Canal Zone, Mr.

Bryan congratulates members of the Red. and Blue swimming team at the Pool of Balboa. Pueblo Indians' Plea Emissary of the tribe choeit lo protest to Wuhingtoa against legislation which may abolish New Mexican reservation. American Aid ir. Constanti-nopfeWife of the American High CommUaioner lo Turkey visit group of refugees whom the fortunes of war have brought under protection cf American char-ity.

HI? Hrtn Borh iJimrn ituJiugranurr-illrtnrr frrrttnn NEXT SUNDAY R't'fre a espy el your nei tfan.7 It is estimated there ate at lean 500.000 holders of 1818 war savings stamps In Greater New York. New Treasury savings certificates will be exchanged Immediately for maturing stamps. Arrangements also have been made by the Treasury Department which will permit post offices and banking Institutions to handle exchange and redemp tion transactions. Checks In payment; of stamps presented for redemption will be mailed to reach holders on or about Jan. 1.

1923. TELL HOUSEHOLDER WAYS TO SAVE COAL Engineers Issue Rules for Use of Furnace and Combining Kinds of Fuel. URGE SMALLER ANTHRACITE Value of Pea and Buckwheat In Combination With Wood and Coke la Set Forth. Rules to save ro3l In American homes have been drawn up by the Fuels Division of the American Society of Mechanical Knglneers. which.

In making them public yesterday, warned consumers to be vigilant In economy to avert acute conditions from the threatened shortage. New habits must be fostered, old practices modified, and householders must be willing to experiment, according to a statement of the society accompanying the rules, which were prepared by Prcfessir V. Breckinridge of Tale University, Chairman of the Fuels Division, and Assistant Frofessor K. H. Lock wood of Yale.

The rules, though described as of the simplest nature," cover a wide range. They deal with preparation of equipment, kinds of fuel and management of furnace. Involving instruction In burning largo sizes of anthracite coal, in burning coke with anthracite, pea or buckwheat, wood with anthracite, pea or buckwheat and bituminous coal. Iarge savings are possible If co-operation is general, according to the statement, which saya: People must be willing to give iom little attention to the operation of the heating furnaces In thdr homes. They must be willing to experiment a little Just now.

In order to see what it is possible to do with the furnace th-y happen to have, if this Is done, there Is no doubt but that a saving of from 10 per cent, to 20 per cent, of the ful usually required ran be expected, it is fortunate that builders of heating furnaces arc giving considerable attention to the design and construction of new and improved furnaces." The Fuels Division will hold a joint session with the Stoker Manufar turen' Association at the four-day annual meeting of the society, which opens at the Engineering Societies Building in this city. Monday. Dec. 4. It Is entirely pofsible.

according to tnese experts, that necessity will compel more people to learn to burn the smaller sixes of anthracite this Winter a condition which Uiey regard as extremely desirable. There aru on the market certain types of furnaces," it was stated, in which soft coul cannot be expected It give satisfactory results. These furnaces ae the ones which are cleaned with difficulty, having been designed for hard coal, and the necessity ior frequent cleaning ha not1 bet-it present. In such cases the Fuel Administrator ought to make some allowance when the delivery of various kinds of fuel is under consideration." Stove and nut anthracite are called Ideal fuels for heating homea. Scarcity and cost of these fuels, the engineers said, will restrict their use In the future, bmall sixes of anthracite are recommended.

Gas coke In cunnection with anthracite pea or buckwheat coal is aesciibed as an excellent combination. as the fire will keep well, but will give heat when required." Block wood In conjunction with anthracite pea or buckwheat coal la styled a good combination where wood Is available, equal to coke for producing heat, but requiring more attention." Bituminous coal," the rules say, can be used in most furnaces deafened for hard coal. The exceptions will be found In cases where the flue passages are small and not easily cleaned. Bituminous coal demands more attention, and unless this Is given will give out less heat. Best results will be found where the furnace is rather large for the house, so that the fire does not have to be pushed." MAJOR WILLIAMS HONORED.

Conspicuous Service Cross Awarded by State for Red Cross Work. Major Clark Williams, formerly Superintendent of Banks' and also ex-Controller, who served as Red Cross representative with the First Division In France, has received word from Adj. Gen. J. Leslie Klncald that the Conspicuous Service Cross has been awarded to him by the tSate.

Major Williams was In the field during the battles at Cantlgny and Montdidler. In the forced march to the line between Chateau-Thierry and Solssona. and in the attack of July IK, 1918. Later he became Field Director of the Bureau of Army Field Service, in charge of all Rel Cross work In the Argonne campaign. Major Gen.

Kobert Lee Bullard. commander of the Second Division, commended him In grateful appreciation of what you do for my men." Williams was "President of the Columbia Trust Company In October. liHiT. when the Knickerbocker Trust Company collapsed, and was appointed Superintendent of Banks by Governor iiugnes. PREMIER FOR A DAY QUITS.

But China's President Refuses to Let Wang Ta-hsleh Go. PEKING. Dec. 2 (Associated Presa). Premier Wang Ta-hsleh.

named by President LI Tuan Hung on Thursday as Acting Premier In a new Cabinet, submitted his resignation yesterday. The President declined to accept It. It Is seml-officially stated that the resignation was the result of the President's refusal to agree to the new I'reniier's candidate for the Finance portfolio. A Peking dispatch on Thursday ald that Wang hat bT. named Ac'lna: Premier Minist-v t.f Fin mice i-i ir.

ins that hKad'-'J uj V. BURN AND SMASH IN SAFETY TESTS Underwriters' Laboratories Experiment With Devices for Preventing Fire and Breakage. DOORS AND ROOFS IGNITED Red-Hot Safes Dropped Three, i atoriee Pillars Crushed Under 545,000 Pounds Pressure. CHICAGO, Dec. 2 (Associated Iron telephone pole, swinging from the roof llkei a giant pendulum, hit a stationary automobile bumper and bent It badly.

Then a derrick lifted a red hot steel safe high above a third floor roof and dropped It on a pile of brick bats far below. The day's work had begun at the l'n-derwrlter'a Laboratories. a topsyturvy land wilder than anything Alice In Wonderland ever dreamed of a place where experts bum and smash and break the creations of other experts, all to make life and property safer. The glowing safe, fresh from a furnace with a temperature of 1.700 degrees, failed to break under the strain of the long drop. so scurrying workmen i bundled It back Into the oven for another hour's cooking.

If It survives that they will chisel, burn and smash their way Into Its compartments, an.l If the books and papers there are found In good con- dition the manufacturer may attach ar Underwriter's Laboratories. label to his product. Upstairs a little automatic machine Is sticking keys in automobile locks-1 three locks nt a tlm-unlwklnr them locking them again and then lug the keys. An automatic counter rec- the Mood apple, a It is being ords Its operation. The locks must stand aTuarded with the greatest secrecy, indl-the strain of 30.000 similar operations.

cated by the erection of the stout wlr In the heat tcstlnc rooma flames are raKe entirely around the trea. Al) that seeping through the cracks of a wood-j lined, metal-covered fire loor. built Into the brick front of a furnace. Near by an attendant with electric recording devices is studying what is happening In the l.tJou-dogie- inferno behind th red hot door. Suddenly the enilie furnace front.

door and all. rolls away on an overhead track and a workman plays a two-inch fire hose over the glowing door. Tm-color dies away. Inside the metal covering La a muss of but the ate-l piatus have withstood an hour's baking without letting sufficient nre through tu Ignite anymlng beyond the door. Near by a cement covered steel pillar, such as used In buildings.

Is being put in a tall turnace by brlck-muauns. Its base rests on solid concrete. High above a gigantic hydraulic press clamps djwn, applying an enoi ma an 4 Tj fn oca rnti la sealed, the gtia turned on, the heat gradually ris.ng. until, at the end of eight hours. It will reach 2.3iXi degrees.

It the piilar still stands the hydraulic press, witii a maximum power or o4o. uuo pounds to the square Inch, will be a sks. I Topsy-turvy land Is working at full hltt.t In the roof testlnr room the I tester. haVSomplet'ed Tnimla roof I of patent composition shingles. A gas flame at the end of a lon wind tunnel sweep up over too aves and plays a Ion ir the roof surface Asphalt in the roofing catches; fire, but when the blast Is shut off the flames Ulo out.

The roof has passed the t-st and would resist the usual flying brands from othr burning buildings. As the burning roof dies out a workman pours flv'j gallons gasoline into a near-by tank and lights It. Up above an automatic valve opens and fills the tanks with a foamy chemical, smothering the fire. A party nf vis tors I coming down the hall. An engineer builds a small fire on the tile floor.

Tho flames crackle for a minute or two. Then an automatic fire door, which functions if the temperature changes ten degrees in two minutes, closes, an automatic sprinkler head blows off and the fire is out. The Underwriter's Laboratories, was founded by W. H. Merrill.

Its President, with funds furnished by the National Board of Fire Underwriters. The Institution is self supporting through nominal testing fees and the service charge for factory inspection and the sale of its labels, which are familiar on hundreds of different devices. Mr. Merrill, who carr.e to Chlcngo in 1893 as chief electrical Inspector of the World's Fair, originally started a testing laboratory to standardize electrical equipment. Now there are laboratories here devoted to fire protection devices, hydraulic and fire fighting equipment, gases and oils, chemicals, electricity and signals, automotive parts, safety devices for machinery and an aviation section which passes, on the safety of airplanes and the qualifications of pilots.

Major R. W. Schroeder, former holder of the world's altitude record, is in charge of the latter work. In addition to the big three-story laboratories here, covering half a city block, an electrical laboratory Is maintained In New York to pass on the efficiency of electrical apparatus. A similar laboratory here deals with the fire resisting qualities of Insulated parts.

In addition to the original test, the laboratory follows up all labeled products by testing samples purchased in the open market or received from users from time to time. The automobile lock department alone, passing on locks whose use decreases insurance premiums, examine thousands of samples yearly. An Inventor appeared at the laboratories recently to have a new automobile lock which he had perfected tested. Besides what he believed to be an absolutely burglar proof lock, he had equipped his car with a signal device intended to blow: If any one tampered with the machine. While he was arranging for the test an assistant In the laboratory went outside, picked the lock and hid the car.

The Inventor wns satisfied with the demonstration of the laboratory's efficiency. WARREN ON TRIP TO CHINA. American Ambassador to Japan Will Visit Korea and Manchuria. TOKIO. Dec.

2 (Associated Press). Charles B. Warren, the American Ambassador, has left here with his two sons to travel through Korea and Manchuria, and thence to Peking. They will return before Christmas. This Is the Ambassador's first trip outside of Japan since assuming his post.

The usual Thanksgiving Day celebrations of the Americans In Japan were curtailed on account of the death of Consul General George H. Scldmore at Yokohama. Ambassador Warren, however, held a reception for Americans. WILL NOMINATE PILSUDSKI. Poland Populists Favor His Re-election as President.

WARSAW. Dee. 2 (Jewish Telegraphic Agency). Chief of State PUsudski will be nominated for re-election to the Presidency of Poland by the Populist Party, the group headed by former Prime Minister Wltos. This decision ivns by acclama tion Mt i 'In i i- 'tin Party pre siiltl U' to.

All Panama Canal Records Were Broken in November PANAMA. Dec. 2 (Associated Press). All previous records for the number of ships passing through the Panama Canal In one month, as well as for tolla collected, were broken in November. Ileporta ehow that 312 vessels used the waterway.

The tolls amounted to $1,264,441. i $5,000 APPLE TREE PUT IN WIRE CA6Ej New Jersey Farmer Sold Freak! Branch Which Bore New Variety of Fruit. BOUGHT BY NURSERY FIRM Owner Was Paid $1,000 and Will Get Two Cents for Each Bud That Is Developed. Special to Th A'evc Tort Times. FKRRELL.

X. Dec. wire rr. instructed around the 5.0tl0 VPle tre in the orchard of Lewis loof1' a farmer living at Ferrell. In utn Harrison Township, Gloucester Tounly- Moo1 recently sold a branch OTn Particular tree, producing an i nUrly new variety of apple, to one of th nursery firms of the country for hat Is said to be a record-breaking! ror rrulU The public will have to wait two Years before It can learn very much known so far.

is that it la a red apple or exceptional size and sweetness. There no other apple Just like It In this country. far as horticultural experts have been able to determine. i This new varietv will tw. h.i Ih.

-K .,..1 i 1 hutlve tests under various climatic and soil conditions throughout the United States, for the nur sery firm which has bought It is wiil- lng to place it upon the market. Orch- ard science as applied through top bud- ding will make It possible to produce the new fruit In quantities large enough for experimental purposes within a year or two. The new apple is purely an accident of. nature, being a freak from one of lha ordinary orchard varieties. Mood noticed several years ago that one of the branches of a particular tree In his orchard was bearing an apple that was different, both In color ni nvnr trr8 Tne apples were in such 'W aat old '3 wortl ot applea fro.TJ lhe I 'iwomuic a nursery company "-V" ir rar una an wttB mm wviiug uiienuoii muQ he called to see Mood.

I had thought oi irjing to put out UM new apple myself," said Mood In talking of his find." I put a price on the apple that I thought would keep those fellows from pestering me about selling. They got the head of their company here to look over the apple and to see the tree. Aflor several conferences we finally came to terms. Just- what these terms are are set forth In a bill of sale and a surveyor's record of the exact location of the tree, whlsh have been filed in the Gloucester County Clerk's office at Woodbury. Even the particular branch of the tree la designated in this unusual record.

According to the agreement on file, which Is corroborated br Mood in Mr. sonal conversation, he has received 11,000 In cash and is to get $4,000 in royalties at tne rate of 2 cents for each bud that is taken from the original branch or any trees developed from it. These buds win be grafted upon other stock to produce trees of the new va riety. i Five thousand dollars seems like a big price for an apple." remarked one well Informed nurseryman regarding Mood's sale. but In these days a new apple of exceptional quality, color and sixe Is worth a email fortune to any one who has the courage and organisation to Introduce it to the nation." MGR.

BONZANO IN ROME. Former Apostolic Delegate to Washington Recalled to Become Cardinal. ROME. Dec. 2.

Mgr. Giovanni Bon-zano. former apostolic delegate to Washington, arrived today from the United States, having been recalled by Pope Plus to receive the Red Hat at the coming consistory. Mgr. Bonzano called at the Vatican and asked an audience of the Pope to present the final report on his mission to America and to express gratitude for his coming elevation to the Car-dinaiate.

Mgr. Bonzano was visited soon after his arrival by Mgr. Charles A. O'Hern. Rector of the American College, and the Rector of the Propaganda College and many other prominent prelates.

He Is staying at the home of a relative. Mgr. Cerrati. HONOR CANOVA'S MEMORY. Pope Unveils Tablet on Centenary of the Sculptor' Death.

ROME. Dec. 2. Pope Plus, members of the Sacred College and the diplomatists accredited to the Vatican, commemorated today the 100th aniversary of the death of Canova, the celebrated Italian sculptor, by listening to an address in the Museum of Sculptures in the Vatican on Canova'a life and work and the unveiling of a marble tablet in memory of Canova In the courtyard of the Museum. His Holiness, before he unveiled the tablet, congratulated the orator of the day.

the sculptor, Aurell. on the excellence of his historical address. CHILE PAYS HONOR TO COLE. President Thanks American Admiral for Aiding Earthquake 8ufferers. SANTIAGO.

Chile. Dec. 2 Rear Admiral William C. Cole and his staff were received yesterday by President Ahs-sandrl, who expressed to the American commander the deep appreciation of the Chilean people for the timely aid extended to the sufferers In the earthquake area. The American Ambassador.

William M. Collier, gave a luncheon in honor of the visitors, which was attended by m-r'- pro.nirient Chilean. uij.n.: of and other high Govern- III'Tll IHUCiaiS. CRANE AND KING'S LONG-HID REPORT ON THE NEAR EAST American Mandate Recom mended in Document! Sent to Wilson. PEOPLE CALLED FOR US Disliked French, Distrusted British and Opposed the Zionist Plan, ALLIES AT CROSS PURPOSES Our Control Would Hava Had Its i Seat In Constantinople, Dom Inatlng Now Nations.

By courtesv of the periodical Editor end Pu.lithcr- which hat pb-tained from former President WU- i on the long withheld ing. Crane report on condition in' the A'eor Eat, Thi New York Times ia jen-abled to present thi report folf readers. The report woe prepared Ijf Henry Chvrchill King, President of Oberlin College, and Charles R. Crane, members of the American Commission on Mandates in TUrke appointed after the Peace Conference in 1919. Mr.

Crane is a Chicago manufacturer and served as Untied Ftates Minister to China from May. 1920. fo June, The commission had in its survey of Syria the assistance of Dr. Albert Lybyer, Dr. Qeorge R.

Montgomery and Captain WiBiam Yale, V. B. advisers; of Captain Donald M. Brodie, U. 8.

as secrftary and treasurer; of Dr. Bami II add ad, instructor in the School of Medicine of the Syrian Protestant College jo Beirut, as physician and interpreter; of Laurence 8. Moore as business manager and of Eergt. Major Paul O. Toren as stenographer.

The advisers had all been previously connected as experts viith the Peace' Conference in Paris. and had been students of the special problemsof the Near E-t. The report teas issued by The Editor. and Publisher yesterday in a special supplement. It it; published by Tin New York' Ttkirt in two parts, the first pirt -appearing today, the second part, to appiaf tomorrow.

i INTRODUCTION. By William T. Ellis. Facta are first. The word la askew -today because facte hare been concealed or perverted.

If In the world had seen th International' situation, stripped of all camouflkge, with every secret treaty opened and every natlpnat condition roaae ciear, wuum -Isted upon a totklly. different outcome of eventa. Today's world tragedy is an illustration of the old teaching piat Where" there is no vlalon the people and of the later word. 7 Ye shall know the truth and the truth shall OTesVaV yvu stv One of the great suppressed documents of the peace-making period. Jaras the comprehensive King-Crane report upon conditions in Turkey.

This waa the work of the official American Con, mission sent from Parts when the question of mandates In Turkey was up before the Big Four." It went out witk instructions to report the fact as it found them. The text makes clear why a report should have been rigorously concealed by a then spineless State Department. Yet if it had been published promptly, as Intended, it would completely have altered the current', of events in Turkey, and possibly also have changed the whole American attitude toward poet-war international responsibilities. Certainly it would have freed us from a flood of unfounded propaganda, and it might easily have saved the lives of possibly a million persona needlessly sacrificed since the There would have been no need of a Lausanne Conference, or of a Greco-. Turkish War.

or of a disruption of Allied co-operation In the Near East. or of any of the tragic and tremendous events there which now threaten the wreck of civilization, if the King-Crane report had been broadcast. Un colored and authenticated and disseminated facts are more powerful than any of the schemes of statesmen or con clusions of conferences. Today The Editor and Publisher gives to the newspaper-makers of, the world, and to the general public, as a truly and essential source book of facts the facts that have bn most needed SJd least known the full text of this long-suppressed, much-discussed King-Crane report. -1 With Mr.

WUaoa's Fermlsaiea. It Is needless to say that it waa not obtained by any "back stairs" methods; but from the highest possible authority. President Wilson hlmaelf, with full permission to publish. The document is on that is desired by every editorial writer the world every teacher or student of history; every clergyman and friend of missions and education in the Levant; every person doing business in the Near East; every member of Congress; every Foreign ff-fice everywhere; in everybody who. in a propaganda-ridden day.

desires a body of uncolored ana unquestioned facts concerning the roost Important present International Issue. i Not all the conclusion of the isxsLrt are today applicable. Alas, the it predicted have come to pass In many respects. The vindication of tne I I i.