Star Tribune from Minneapolis, Minnesota • Page 33

Minneapolis Star and Tribune Thursday June 12 1986 5C SLEEP: Its loss can alleviate depression Vacation Special Sunday through Thursday PER NIGHT V4 PLUS TAX 1-4 Persons Per Room CMipllmntiiy cantlneatal inikfut Ctmpllpiintiry irink nvpoi Hntai lidur imI Ampli fru pirklni Dim tt Top il the Hirtw Restiirart Limited number ol rooms available at this rate. Offer expires August 31, 1986. 800-228-9822 indirectly affect mood. The body temperature of depressed people also drops earlier in the night. Scientists measured TSH, an active messenger of the thyroid gland, to see if there was a difference between normal and depressed peo-; pie.

Normally, the levels of TSH peak at 1 1 p.m. and fall to their lowest point at 9 in the morning. Indeed, the scientists found that depressed patients had their lowest levels of TSH at night, exactly the opposite effect of normal people. At the end of a night of sleep deprive-, tion, the levels were normal, sug-gesting that the positive mood effects may be linked to the increased levels of TSH. There Is strong evidence that combining sleep deprivation and antidepressant drug treatment will even further extend the beneficial effects of sleep deprivation.

According to -Dr. Lewis Baxter, assistant profes-' sor of psychiatry at the University of California, Los Angeles, a course of lithium (commonly used for manic depression), combined with two nights of sleep deprivation will prevent relapse into depression. tients in his study also avoided the manic highs. His results were reported in December at the American College of Neur-opsychopharmacology's annual meeting. Patients received lithium, sleep deprivation plus lithium, or sleep deprivation plus a placebo.

Patients were rated five days following treatment. The only patients to respond were i i tions, NIMH researchers began waking patients at different stages in the sleep cycle. In the first experiment, patients were jarred early in the sleep cycle; in the next test, the same patients were deprived of sleep later in the night. Patients were permitted less than five hours of sleep each night. If the timing of sleep were the criti- cal factor, the researchers theorized that partial sleep deprivation would have an antidepressant effect later in the cycle, when REM sleep was normally more active.

The researchers were correct. In fact, 10 of the 16 patients who completed the study showed some improvement on the late condition. But four of these patients also had a positive response to the early condition. The problem with all of these studies was the immediate but fast-fading positive effects of sleep deprivation. What would happen if they deprived patients yet another night? Sack says that for some reason this second night extended the positive effects by several days, weeks, or in some cases, months.

Manipulation of sleep, Sack may have the same chemical effects as antidepressants: They both regulate any imbalance of the brain chemicals linked to depression. "We think that like antidepressants, uleep seems to be able to get people out of their depression. The underlying causes of depression apparently are not affected by these treatments. We don't think it (sleep deprivation) is curative. There is no treatment that gets rid of the underlying disorder," he adds.

known as slow-wave sleep, which normally occurs within the first three hours of sleep, is markedly reduced in many depressed patients. Is it this alteration of REM sleep that results in antidepressant effects on the brain? "There is reason to believe that the abnormalities of REM sleep are directly related to depression," Sack says, citing the work of Dr. Gerald Vogel and his colleagues at Emory University, who repeatedly woke patients during the REM cycle. During these studies, the subjects' depression mysteriously lifted the next day. "A single night dramatically reverses depressive symptoms," notes Sack, "The effect seems to last until the next sleep cycle." In his own laboratory, Sack deprives people of sleep at different times during the sleep cycle and then records physical, chemical and emotional changes.

While depressed patients are in a better mood the next day in fact, some people experience manic or near-manic highs other people are just plain tired. Dozens of similar studies suggest that 60 percent of depressed people have a positive shift in mood after sleep deprivation. Sack and others compare the effects of sleep deprivation to antidepressant drug therapy, but sleep deprivation produces profound and immediate results, while it may take many weeks for daily doses of medication to affect mood. The question is, why does sleep deprivation work? Is it the disruption of REM sleep or are other systems involved? To answer these ques- tdi ifvifc mime narx rJMeaBBHMSHx. I BACKPACKS UTILITY tx KITS IN ALL Pf i i7 lkwu i WITH US VI.

i SAVE 20-50! 1 BURNSVILLE: 435-1881 I DOWNTOWN: 338-6794 CARRY US I ST. LOUIS PARK: 929-7888 TO CAMP! those in the second category, said Baxter. It was still too soon for lithium alone to have any antidepressant effect. The effect of sleep deprivation lasted only a few days. "The main advantage is to get a rapid antidepressant response that maintains itself," said Baxter, add- ing that the drug also seems to work more quickly when given in conjunction with sleep deprivation.

Sack wants to understand exactly why these effects occur. He is studying the chemical and biological changes that take place during sleep and relating these changes to the symptoms of depression. I According to the NIMH researcher, certain hormones and body processes have their own circadian rhythms that fluctuate throughout the day. These very hormones thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH), Cortisol and melatonin in particular viduals but as numbers. The more people, the more numbers, the more money.

Projecting an attitude of care and concern for the viewer is a shrewd way of marketing a product. And there's nothing wrong with that as long as it's seen for what it is: Just one more way to make a buck. Showing care and compassion is good business. As Franzgrote said, the letters KARE reflect a philosophy that has helped Channel 1 1 make "a major impact in this market." Impacting markets is the business of the TV business. Making us feel warm and gooey is just one way of doing business.

That's why little toy bears with hearts on them cost $18.99 in the toy store. And that's why TV news people sometimes act like KARE bears. It's all business. fi- --l I WweW5wi i 54 1925-2977 7(Ueky WW Holrtfe. 881-8606 iusSar fen 571-2540 ft? 1SI2 UaftM Am.

48S-5551 India IM SIUHI I ft- A 1 Mr station switch to Continued from page 1C the part of sleep in which dreaming occurs. The pacemaker that controls wakefulness is thought to be out of kilter in depressed patients. When depressed patients are deprived of sleep, the biological clocks apparently are aligned again and the symptoms of depression loss of energy, diminished interest, impaired concentration, slowed motor activity and feelings of hopelessness, apathy and sadness seem to lift. The link became obvious when Sack realized that the most common complaint among depressed patients is that they have trouble sleeping. Depressed people get up early and wake periodically through the night.

When Sack hooked depressed patients up to a wristwatch monitor and tracked them through the day, he found that they were, on average, less active than normal; at night they slept less and were more active during sleep than normal. Everyone goes through stages in sleep, moving from light to deeper slumber. But depressed people go through these stages at different times and for shorter periods, according to Sack. For example, healthy people alternate between 90- and 120-minute cycles of non-dreaming and dreaming sleep. during the dream cycle, known as rapid-eye-movement or REM, the eyes move back and forth as they would watching a movie.

The duration of REM states gets longer as the night goes on. In Sack's study, depressed people entered the dreaming stage much sooner after they fell asleep, after which the REM and nonREM alternated normally. And depressed patients had longer REM states at the beginning of the night. A type of deep sleep COLEMAN: Continued from page 1C yesterday. The station had to find a new name because Gannett wanted the WUSA call letters for its new flagship station, Channel 9 in Washington.

Channel 1 1 could have repurchased its old call letters, WTCN, from the Stillwater radio station that claimed them last year when Channel 1 1 changed its name to WUSA. But station managers said they wanted a new name to reflect the new identity of Channel 11. All U.S. radio and TV stations begin with a or a K. Stations to the west of the Mississippi begin with those to the east of the river start with Places that straddle the river, such as the Twin Cities, can use either a or a W.

After a lot of research, the station decided on KARE for its new name and cut a deal with a radio station in Atchison, that already had those call letters to buy the name. Channel 1 1's president, Joe Franz-grote, was pretty candid when he announced the new call letters last week. "The call letters KARE reflect the operating philosophy that has Nursing How can a helped our station make a major impact in this market," Franzgrote said. That's true. Channel 1 1 has tried so hard to convince us that it cares for us as human beings that we almost forget that Channel 1 1 is a for-profit business enterprise and not the Sister Kenny Institute.

Channel 1 1 oozes Kare, Koncern and Kompas-sion. It's also oozing Kash. The station deserves a lot of credit for its philanthropic activities. It annually recognizes some of the most selfless volunteers in the community with a televised awards banquet called "Eleven Who Care." It has given thousands of dollars away in grants to worthy organizations and local causes. It has been active in fund-raising efforts for disease research programs and has spon- sored community "health fairs" that help promote good health habits.

All of these efforts reflect an awareness that a successful TV station is a TV station that is part of the community it serves. Since Gannett bought Channel 1 1 three years ago, the station has been aggressive in its efforts to recognize and serve community needs. In fact, other, 1 nch Hies and ft, f9 tn-I I rMI Lw more established stations in town should be embarrassed that they left the community service field so wide open to the newcomer. And they seem to have become more active in community service projects since Gannett's arrival. But there's something unseemly about the whole business.

It's nice that a TV station should think so much of its community, it's rather tasteless, though, for a station to use its alleged concern for its viewers to fatten its profits. Every time a Channel 1 1 staffer helps an old lady across the street it seems like the event is broadcast on a Channel 1 1 newscast. This kind of "kare" can get to seem pretty cynical after a While. v.i Recently, it was reported that KSTP-TV evaluated some of its news anchors by asking viewers which anchors they thought "cared more for them as persons." Anyone who thinks a news anchor's thoughts should be preoccupied by concern for individual viewers doesn't want a journalist reading the news. He wants Mr.

Rogers. People are very important in the broadcasting business. Not as indi ENTERTAINMENT Tate Her Advice Older Today Ann and Abby and plenty of other nationally syndicated columnists are waiting for you every morning in the Star and Tribune. So what are you waiting for? Pick up the phone and order today. 372-4343 Season tickets for entire series $98 I I 1 ST Preferred seating available untilJune 15, 1986 I XtA Ticket Outlets: IRONWORLD USA 8 am 4 pm Mon-Sat, kw ViOl Hardee's Hibbing, Central School Ticket wJd a.

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Minnesota 55719 -ft 218-254 3321 (MN) 1-800-372-6437 Mail orders should be accompanied with self addressed, stamped envelope. Phone, credit card and mail orders must Include a $1 service charge. IMMEDIATE OPENINGS FOR OPERATING ROOM NURSES Qualifications: Graduate of an accredited Nursing School 1 year of OF) experience or completion of a po st-basic OR course in the last 5 years IMMEDIATE OPENINGS FOR NURSE ANESTHETISTS Qualifications: Completion of an accredited school of nursing program; Completion of an accredited nurse anesthesia course; Certified by the American Association of Nurse, Anesthetists Come and discover career opportunities at the new University Hospital's open house: Monday, June 16 p.m. The University of Minnesota Hospital and Clinic Harvard Street at East River Road, Minneapolis Free parking at the Radisson Ramp on Washington Avenue 1 Program: Tour of the new hospital and operating room facilities Representatives from Nursing, Personnel and Administration will be available to answer your questions. Refreshments 1 RSVP: If you would like to attend the open house or learn more about the operating room position, please call Carolyn Carroll, 373-9828, Monday-Friday 8:00 am- 4:00 pm.

THE UNIVERSITY OF MINNESOTA HOSPITAL AND CUNIC Harvard Street at East River Road Mirtneapoti. Minnesota.