Star Tribune from Minneapolis, Minnesota • Page 6

THE RESULTS ARE PRETTY TRANSPARENT WALTER UPPMANN SAYS: jfflmneapolisf $lornmg ribune ir- V. State Department Shows Some 'Massive Silliness9 1 I joffn rowucs. ft-oMmt: joyci WAN, Vice Prwidcnt ind Ceneril Muv tYLB K. ANDERSON, Vlc preildent nil Trcsjurn-; STANLEY HAWKS, Vlr nd Sfmln; JOHN THOMP-f-ON, PubilJhCT Ementtu; WILLIAM P. fTTVTN.

Exenitlv WILBUR FLfTON. Awuum KrtcuUvc ROLL BINDER, Editorial f'I Editor. The Voice of Minnesota Largest Morning Newspaper in the Upper Midwest PAGE 6 TOU'ME TJtXXES 11 1 It TUESDAY. SEPTEMBER 20. 1955 to fear from the United States in the way of instant retaliation if it acts aggressively.

Porkkala, which was but one of many outposts of Sovietism, is a small price to pay if Russia can get the United States out of Europe by such stratagems. The true nature of Russia's tactics should be brought home to the people of western Europe no easy task in existing circumstances and moods. jr "I W.GERMAN-RUSSIAN 0 Theodore Christianson THE UNTIMELY DEATH of Associate Justice Theodore Christianson will be widely mourned in Minnesota. Mr. Christianson was appointed to the state Eupreme court in 1950 and had served there with gTeat ability.

In the legal profession he was held in deep respect. He had a keen incisive mind, a rugged integrity, a firmly-rooted sense of public service. He came naturally by this sense of public service. His father, the late Theodore Christianson, had served three terms as governor of Minnesota, and was known for the same fine qualities of character. Justice Christianson was often mentioned for high political office in the state not merely because he bore an honored Republican name but because he had made his own reputation for competence and fairness.

It ia regrettable indeed that the fruitful career of such a public-spirited young man should have ended in this way. In Mr. Christianson's death, Minnesota has sustained a heavy loss. A Base for Bases ONE OF THE TERMS imposed on defeated Finland by victorious Russia at the end of World War II was establishment of a large Soviet naval base at Porkkala which is within 12 miles of the Finnish capital of Helsinki. Russia had the right to maintain this Soviet enclave on Finnish soil for another 42 years.

Such bases near to Soviet territory have lost much of their value, however, in the age of nuclear weapons and intercontinental guided missiles. Russia has become much more interested in getting the United States out of bases in western Europe, Africa and the Middle East than in holding positions such as Porkkala, which could be retaken without great dif-' iculty in case of exigency. So Russia has offered to get out of Porkkala within three months. It also has signed a 20-year treaty of friendship and mutual aid with Finland. IT IS GOOD to know that the Finns are soon to be relieved of the burden and humiliation of Russian occupation of 200 square miles of some of Finland's best territory.

It would be a great mistake, however, to regard this as an act of disinterested magnanimity. The evacuation of Porkkala is a case of baiting a hook with a small fish in the hope of catching a much larger one. Russian Defense Minister Marshal Zhu-kov gave the game away when he said: "We have decided the time has come to liquidate bases in general. The eooner others follow our example the better it will be for peace in general. We have in mind the bases of other countries, for example, United States bases around the Soviet Union, the Chinese People's Republic and other people's democratic countries." Pravda, the Communist party newspaper, quickly followed with the statement that "the abolition by other powers of military bases on foreign territory would be an important contribution to the further relaxation of internation tension." Russia hopes to equate the bases the United States maintains in western Europe with Russia's base at Porkkala in the minds of western Europeans.

It will then try to create an international climate in which it will be very difficult for the United States to remain in those bases. T1IE SITUATIONS are quite different The United States maintains defense forces in certain western European countries by desire of those countries and through bilateral agreements freely entered into by the countries within whose territories tho bases are located. Tho American forces are there to help defend those countries and their freedom-loving neighbors against possible Soviet aggression. If Russia succeeds in fostering a mood in which those countries no longer favor maintenance of American bases on their territories Russia will be in a better position to Impose its will upon them. It will have less RADIO ROUNDUP Must Schools Take All Who Desire to Enroll? By IIJALMAIi IUORNSOX of the Minneapolis Tribune editorial page staff that In one way or another serious negotiations for a settlement will eventually be brought about.

But what will bring about serious negotiations? Most probably, it will be the rise of a strong national feeling in both parts of Germany. When it arises, it will be very difficult for the Soviet government to retain its grip on East Germany. And it will be very difficult for a western German government to refuse to let its military connections with NATO be used in bargaining about the withdrawal of the Red troops from German soil. i There is not as yet a strong national feeling in Germany. Everybody, to be-sure, is In favor of reunification and the recovery of the lost territory.

But not many are in favor of it at the risk of war, of which the Germans have had mart than enough, and not at ang big risk of disturbing their isting prosperity. The reunification of Germany is the leading political talking point. But it is a tepid issue, not a hot one. So it Is feasible to set terms which are known to be impossible. For there is as yet nothing urgent about a settlement.

THERE ARE some signs In England of a wish to find out whether Adenauer's terms could be modified so as to make them negotiable. For example, it is being suggested that incorporation of an armed Germany in NATO is less important than Germany's political alignment with the west and that the one might be given up in order to gain the second. No one can know whether some such compromise would induce the Soviet government to negotiate seriously. The only way to find out Is to talk to them privately, and that is something which will surely be done by the. Germans themselves when diplomatic relations have been established.

It is, no doubt, too early for the United States to modify its unqualified endorsement of terms that are known to be not negotiable. There would be advantages in waiting to see whether an agreement can be reached with the Soviet Union on the early-warning plans. For then the basic accord reached at Geneva that war cannot be contemplated will have been ratified in a concrete agreement. It will then be self-evident that negotiation by give and take is the only way to settle the German question. BUT IF it is not now expedient to begin trading for a German settlement, let us avoid creating about Germany a mythology in which we see ourselves as so strong that a settlement can be had on our own terms.

For the time is coming, perhaps at the foreign ministers' meeting in October, when we shall have to choose. We shall have to choose between negotiating a compromise and unwarlike co-existence within the existing situation. It will prevent much confusion, and much disappointment and resentment, if the administration stopped talk-ing as if the Soviet Union was in retreat and was about to surrender unconditionally to the public relations experts in the state department For what will be needed in the time to come is not an exalted and bedazzled mood, but a cool and businesslike one. CoprrltM, ms, New tor Henld 'Iriliuiw Inc. DJ THE absence of Secretary Dulles, who was still on vacation, the state department's talking bureaucrats, unable to stop, look and listen, proclaimed "the abandonment now by the Soviet Union of its bankrupt German policy." This was an example of massive silliness, inspired by the most wishful kind of thinking.

Even if it had been true that the Soviet government had acknowl-edged the of its German policy, it would have been reckless and silly for the Lippmann state depart- ment to let out a whoop about it, and to point with pride to its own success. If, for example, It had been true that Konrad Adenauer was invited to the Soviet capital "over the head of Moscow's satellite government in East Germany," the 1 state department's boasting ana Dragging aoour. us own triumph would have been sufficient to, compel Moscow to save its own face and the face of the East Germans by lrtviting Premier Otto Grote-1 vvohl of East Germany to follow Adenauer to Moscow. Actually, Grotewohl had been Invited to Moscow last July. THERE IS, as a matter of fact, not a word of truth in the statement that the Soviet Union has abandoned its German policy.

Diplomatic relations have been established with Bonn alongside of, not in place of, the relations which already exist with Pan-kow in East Germany. There are oral assurances that prisoners are to be released. But far from "abandoning" its policy, the Soviet Union has reaffirmed categorically that its policy is still to approach reunification through both German governments, and that it regards the Potsdam provisional frontier as permanent. 'In view of the results, the state department might have omitted the jubilation, might, in fact, have reserved its comment. CONCERNING Adenauer's Moscow visit, the, interesting thing is that both parties thought it useful to establish diplomatic relations and at the same time to declare publicly their positions, which are, as they knew, irreconcilable.

There is in this an implicit agreement that for some time to come they can live side by side, they can trade, meet and talk, even though all the big issues remain unsettled. It may be said, therefore, that Bonn and Moscow have negotiated a modus Vivendi. Though both governments look beyond this modus Vivendi to a settlement, nei-ther is acting as if it expected to see a settlement in the near future. Adenauer cannot suppose that the Soviet Union is going to grant him the terms he has laid down. The terms include not only the surrender of East Germany but also a territorial settlement at the expense of the postwar Palish slate.

The Soviet terms are equally outside the limits of a negotiated settlement. They call for a reunited Germany in which the German Communists from East Germany will be a power, and they call for a European security arrangement which in effect disestablishes the western military system. Neither in Bonn nor in Moscow are there as yet the makings of a negotiable settlement. WFi ALL know, of course, that the existing modus Vivendi is provisional, and By George Clark (: 2' ft Reminder to Hollywood JUST WHEN MOVIEGOERS are getting accustomed to such thing3 as Vistavision, CinemaScope and Cinerama, the Hollywood tycoons are bringing forth new names to conjure with. They are names of film processes Cinemiracle, for example, and Todd-AO for which their backers make lavish claims of superiority.

It is apparent that, technologically, movie audiences are getting their money's worth as never before. Wide screens, curved screens, multiple sound tracks, goggle-eyed cameras and other embellishments are marshalled to attract and hold the viewer's attention. Yet the movie-makers, judged by their product, often forget that fancy technical processes don't In themselves assure a good film. They forget or, busy counting box-office, they ignore the fact that intelligent and witty dialogue, believable characterization, a setting reasonably true to life, and a story that hasn't entirely lost touch with reality are also helpful in capturing and holding an audience. The film people do turn out some excellent pictures.

But the fact remains that in too much of their product they seek to use technical excellence as a substitute for the sense of human reality that has always been the hallmark of good theater. LETTERS TO THE TRIBUNE MINNEAPOLIS TRIBUNI Willie Walleye Says Ike proclaims American Education week. Farmers applaud. Some of them think it's time to eend Ezra Benson, the secretary of agriculture, back to school. Willie Walleye.

be no resurgence of extreme German nationalism. r-hard Glasser, assistant professor at the University of Munich's American Institute, said the answer was to be found in the results of recent German elections, federal, state and local. From 75 to SO per cent of eligible voters participated in these elections and no extreme party either of the right or the left had ever had any success. Janicker pleaded for continued German participation in international organizations. "If we are educated through participation," he said, "we will gradually acquire the broader point of view and avoid extreme nationalism." Russia to Keep German Status Quo West German Chancellor Adenauer's trip to Moscow was useful only because it taught him the hard realities of Germany's position, said Alexander Kendrick, substituting for Howard K.

Smith (WCCO CES). According to Tass, Russian news agency, Germany's borders were set by the Potsdam conference. Russia is playing all its cards on the continued existence and eventual supremacy of East Germany, Kendrick said. Me added that Russia's decision to free German a prisoners was communicated to Adenauer as an accession to a request made by Fast Germany. So It Goes The animal in man that most women want to bring out is the beast of X.

Peace in the Saturday Evening Pout. THE NEIGHBORS The Minneapolis Tribune invites readers to express their opinions on subjects of current interest. Letters not exceeding 150 words are preferred. Letters must carry the writer's signature. Street addresses are not published but must be included.

Letters should be addressed to the Letters Editor of the Minneapolis Tribune. COLLEGES do not have an obligation to accept all those who want to enroll. Members of the ICeviewinc: Stand (WCAL-MBS) panel were generally agreed on this point during their i scusslon of the future of American higher education. Dr. Elmer KlJis of the niversity of Missouri faculty ex- BJornson pressed the grave concern of most educators over the "tidal wave" of students which threatens; to engulf schools and colleges in the next 15 or 20 years.

Professor S. Leland of Northwestern university faculty questioned predictions about the great in flux, of students to colleges by 1070. He admitted, however, that a "substantial increase" must be expected and that standards for college entrance and college standards themselves must be lifted. Not everyone who goes to college has the proper educational training to enter and tiniversltics and colleges must be free to choose, Leland contended. Entrance examinations and high school recommendations should be the criteria by which prospective students are judged, ho felt.

Only about one-half of the top one-third of high school graduates go on to college. About half of these lack the necessary funds, while the other half come from families without backgrounds of higher education. U.N. Lacks Room for Two Chinas There Is no room in the United Nations for two representatives of the Chinese people, Dag Hammarskjold, U.N. secretary-general, said on the l'nvss (KSTP-NI5C).

It would be patently ridiculous, he said, to have one Chinese government voting against another Chinese government. I lammarskjold did, however, express concern over the large areas of the world hich are not represented in the U.N. Conceivably, he said, this situation might some day wreck the U.N., in spite of the soundness of the principles on which It is founded. Are Children Learning to Read? American children are not learning to read as well as we would like to have them learn, John Lester Euford, president of the National Education association, told the American Forum of the Air (KSTP-NBC). But, he added, more are learning to read than ever before and better than ever before.

Arthur Bestor, Illinois university professor of history, thinks pupils are not learning to read as well or as early as they could. Both men were agreed that Dr. Flcsch's controversial book, "Why Johnny Can't Read," places too much emphasis on phonics. Good schools combine both phonics and the "look and say" methods. "There is a reluctance to teach subjects long enough for pupils to learn," said Bestor.

He insists that the basic "three R's" must be taught by constant repetition and drill. Buford stated that schools are not afraid of repetition and ventured the opinion that those who criticize present-day grade school reading and spelling may not remember clearly how they read or spelled when in the fifth grade. Germans Prefer Freedom to Unity Germany could long since have been united had West Germans been ready to accept communism, said Joachim Janicker, German diplomat, on America's Town of ti1(. (WTCX-AliC) which originated in Munich. Asked what concessions Germany might make to the Soviets as a price for unit Janicker said, "Germany would be willing to discuss all sorts of concessions, but would exempt from discussion any subject that might mean a surrender of freedom or the giving up of Germany's ties to the west." American were also assured that there would Preparing Handbook on City Government To the Editor: The Sept.

9 Tribune' editorial concerning the fine efforts of the Citizens League to persuade the mayor and council the need for a consolidated annual report on the operations of all departments of our city government was of great interest to our organization. We commend the Citizens League for its efforts. This proposal dovetails perfectly with the League of Women Voters' current project. We are hard at work on a simple handbook on Minneapolis government the ABC's geared to all citizens who seek information on services rendered by the various city departments, to every' voter who participates in the election of city officials. In no sense is there any overlapping in the content and purpose of our forthcoming booklet and the proposed annual report.

The Citizens League and the League of Women Voters believe strongly that the two will go hand in hand and that actually the more the average citizen knows about city government, the more he may feel the need for a businesslike consolidated annual report of the activities of all city departments. The League of Women Voters' handbook, "Minneapolis Is Your Business," is scheduled to roll off the presses in December. Small, readable, well illustrated, it fchould answer a thousand questions for the man in tho slreet. An initial survey in-dicates great interest in its publication. The price will be low, and we know there will be a real demand for it.

Mrs. Frederick presl-dent, Mrs. Klspeth Parker, local government chairman, league of Women Voters of M'nneapolis. Thanks for 'Cloud Over Mississippi' To the Editor: This is to compliment you for the fine editorial, "Cloud Over Mississippi," in the Sept. 2 Tribune.

I also appreciate the excellent coverage given to the tragic event both on Sept. 3 and, of course, on Sept. 1. I feel that in instances of this kind there are no "innocent bystanders." All of the people of our country are in-volved In this unfortunate case, and, as you say, "The clock must not be turned back under any circumstances." Adaline G. Franks, vice president, Minneapolis branch, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, WayzntA.

Why Not a Greater Spirit of Equality? To the Editor: What is happening to our midwest congeniality and equality? Advancements have been made In Minneapolis and Minnesota as a state, having our schools integrated, and now we see prejudice cropping up in the housing situation. May I ask those neighbors who live on Portland avenue to close their eyes for a moment. Then let them talk to Mrs. Alice Owens and see if there is any difference between her and them. The common myth which was expressed by one neighbor in the Tribune on Sept.

13 is that the property value is decreasing because of a Negro family moving into the block. This is a common myth. People get panicky, real-estate salesmen offer deflated values and the people take whatever they are offered. How about giving all people alike the right to live? Let's have some more of the midwest neighborly congenialityJoyce Deehtor, Minno-ajHilis. To tho Editor: Regarding Mrs.

Alice Owens and her family in south Minneapolis: is there no white minister of a church nearby who sees here an A. Oberg, pastor, First Methodist church, Little Falls Minn. He Opposes Having Russians Visit Here To the Editor: On Aug. 31 there was an article in the Tribune entitled, "Soviets to Allow Thousands to Visit U.S." And they ate already making arrangements to open travel bureaus all across the United States in most major cities. If it means what I think It does (and there have been no denials by either the stale department or the While House), the Russians are ready to send tens of thousands of their secret agents and spies to this country and with Washington's approval.

There seems to be no end to the Soviets and no end to the gullibility of our servants in Washington. Or, as Americans, can we ask: Is It all gullibility and ignorance? Under whose orders are the Communists of Russia to be allowed to go ahead with such plans? Don't we, as Americans, have anything to say about our enemy being allowed in our midst? For years now we have been burdened with overpowering taxes to build up every free country in the world to combat communism and the Russians. Our boys are drafted to serve under foreign flags and laws to protect us. Yet our officials in Washington who call themselves loaders and have courage enough to say they are good Americans insult our intelligence and our faith in our country by letting the very enemy they preach about right into our own country to set up the machinery to destroy us. When they go that far'they are not worthy to be called Americans.

This is our country. It belongs to the people, not to the state department. We do not 'want those Russian agents over here. We want to keep what we have-America, the land of the free, not of the slaves. Patrick Felix, Minneapolis.

Blinded by Love From the Montreal Star Young wife (angrily): "I was a fool when I married you." Husband (wearily): "Yes, darling, I know; but I was in love and didn't notice it." Elephant Training and Man's Perfidy By Inited Press LEOPOLDVl LLE, BELGIAX CONGO. ONE OF THE MOST delightful schools In the world must be the elephant training center at Gangara. Everv vear Just Settling the Estate From Tracks DOWN in the mountains below the Mason-Dixon line, one of the inhabitants threw himself to the ground as a rifle ball whizzed past his head from behind him. Turn-ing around, he discovered a neighbor calmly reloading his squirrel gun. "Hey, Lonzo, what are you shooting at me for?" he asked.

"I got no quarrel with you" "No, you ain't," answered Lonzo. "But you and Jubal Suggs had a feud on, didn't you?" "Sure," replied the target, "but old Jubal's "Well," said Lonzo. "I'm the executor of his estate." MINNEAPOLIS MORNING TRIBUNE Mar end Titbun, O.mj.aisy Emerrrt Jjs Srcond Cius Mattfr at the Ptoiflcf at Tcltphum ATUiitle 3111 nsritrpTtfiN Mm mail NORTH DAKOTA. SuCi IuWA Trlbunt Kvrnin? Star Sjud.ijr Tnbune WISCONSIN 3' pr Pft fv 20c ptr ttt ALL OTIirR STATE Mtirr.m TrlDUEt 3 per fcj'dAf 1ril.un isc pr ntt Lie Associated Prat 1. jve.y the us of republication of ml the nei prtntH in nfwspape.

el AP otwi ditftatcJie. the staff captures about 30 young elephants and trains them as beasts of burden. In the mornings and evenings a group of men surround the young elephant and serenade it with traditional songs while rubbing it down, petting it and feeding it such delicacies as sweet potatoes, sugar cane, pineapples and bananas. After one term of this the elephant loses its fear of men and permits one on its back. After that the tidbits got scarcer and scarcer until the elephant is just one of the herd, listening to another elephant gelt the candy and flowers treatment and re tmmM w'TYvft don't like the way Mom repeals my cute remarks.

She doesn't sell the gags." flecting cynically on the broken promises of men..