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2-A Saturday, April 10, 1982 Philadelphia Inquirer Delta launch is a revolution on a rocket for India i illillSIWI I flit iiiiipiA ffihfcf 5 a mmM vnuMam -'M: ISW s6 -r im I'A in 1 if M.Ul,, I immm- 1 United Press Iniernslional Indian farmer and son plow dry earth while wife scatters seeds; Insat I will help farmers with SATELLITE, from 1A hurtling toward a destination 22,500 miles over New Delhi at 1:48 this morning. It will be, after all, the 161st time NASA has launched such a rocket since I960. And the cargo it will place in outer space will be the man-made object orbiting Earth. But to the more than 667 million people of India, the launch of a satellite called Insat I is the beginning of a cultural revolution one that will permit rural farmers who have never seen even a train to watch television for the first time; one that will help them to learn how to make more food and fewer babies. With Insat telephone calls that once took hours to place now will take minutes.

And with the photographs and sensor data the satellite will send back, monsoons the life-blood of India's agriculture will be tracked with accuracy and speed. But just as the Insat launch signals the beginning of an era for India, it also begins the end of an era in American space technology. Only a few days before the Indians' scheduled Delta launch, more than 100,000 Americans jammed the highways and beaches around the Kennedy Space Center here to watch the return, atop a modified Boeing 747 jet, of the space shuttle Columbia widely regarded as a replacement for the now all-but-outmoded Delta rocket-launching system. The moment was not lost on Joseph Mahon, who heads the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's so-called "expendable" or nonreusable launch program, which includes the Delta rockets. "We are definitely in a transition from the expendable launch system to the space shuttle," Mahon said, adding that the timing of the Indian launch and the shuttle's return was "an uncommon irony." But the transition will not be instant: There are still some 60 more Delta launches planned in the next few years and America will not stop using nonreuseable rockets entirely.

"Did the automobile replace the horse in its entirety? For parades, no; for rides around Central Park, no. But as a practical mode of transportation, yes, the shuttle eventually will replace expendable rockets," Mahon said. Though routine, rocket launches such as India's have long been commercially successful for NASA, which is paid up to $25 million by commercial customers for each launch to reimburse NASA's costs. (India paid just over $25 million.) Under the 10-year-old program of hiring out its launch services commercially a program designed "to increase the availability of space to all people of the earth," as Mahon put it NASA has launched satellites for the governments of France, Japan, Germany, Canada and Indonesia. But, NASA officials say, the space shuttle is by far a cheaper way to launch satellites.

It can carry several satellites into space on a single trip, It is reuseable. And, faced with increasing competition from other commercial satellite launchers, such as the European Space Agency and, soon, Japan, NASA sees the shuttle 1 service as a more saleable product. "You have to understand our role," said one NASA spokesman. "We're like truck drivers. We just haul our customers' goods into space.

And the shuttle is the most cost-effective way for us to do that." Indian officials agree: They have commissioned a second satellite, Insat IB, which is scheduled to be country but neighboring nations as well, is likely to anger such neighbors as Pakistan, with whom India has had turbulent relations for more than three decades. "If you have the means to look at your neighbor's back yard, you do it," Dhawan said. "That's human nature, and you don't change that. What you do is pledge, as we have, that you will use outer space for only peaceful purposes, and you vow to share important data about another country's natural resources with that, country as a positive tool." Insat is India's seventh venture into space. In the past, the smaller, strictly experimental satellites, which India built itself, were launched not from Cape Canaveral, but from the Soviet Union.

An irony of this launch, in diplomatic terms, is that it comes at a time when, in the words of a U.S. Senate report, "United States-Indian relations are probably at their worst level in a decade" mostly because the United States is selling $3.2 bil-, lion in military arms to Pakistan, "I would hope that this launch strengthens relations between our nations, but that is not my concern I am only concerned with the space program," said Dhawan, an internationally respected astrophysicist who was educated at California Institute of Technology in Pasadena. "From our point of view, we can only hope for continued good relations with NASA and the United States. Certainly, at least until we launch Insat IB on the shuttle." Dhawan agreed with NASA officials here that the most recent flight of Columbia proved that the shuttle tu rn improved weather forecasting was the mode of future space transportation. "The guys in the Delta and other expendable launch programs have said they'll be old and gray before their rockets are phased out," said one NASA engineer who asked not to be identified.

"But when that 747 squeaked its wheels on the runway and brought Columbia home this time, many of us saw it as the beginning of the end of the spaceships that don't come back." Still, Dhawan and the other Indian officials said they saw their own future in space differently. "I have no doubt the shuttle will be successful," Dhawan said. "But eventually, we will build our own satellites and our own launchers, and we will launch them from India." India's 10-year space plan, approved last year by the Indian parliament, calls for replacing both Ford-made Insat satellites with Indian-made and Indian-launched orbiters when Insat I and IB burn up in seven years. "For us, space is merely a means for internal development," Dhawan said. "We don't fantasize about putting an Indian on the moon or competing with NASA for commercial "But we also do not think Insat will solve all of India's problems.

The solving of India's problems will be by the Indian Insat will simply help give them the hope that they can do this in their lifetimes." vs. Former 1980 USBA Jr. Lightweight Champion ROBERT MULLINS (27-5-1; 20KO's) Spartanburg, SC SPEND THE NIGHT si 'i'n 1 "But the elders got bored within a fortnight or so. Soon, the children sat in front; then the women; then the men, and the elders didn't come at all. This is just what we want.

What is the future of India? It is the children and the women." On a broader level, Dhawan said, "the real question is how should television be used in our country? Do we show a cricket match, for example? Is a cricket match important for the development of our country? There are many who say cricket is the most unifying thing in India. "Do we televise the annual religious dip in the Ganges River at Allahabad? One in seven Indians attend it. What about the other six? Then, too, there are political impacts. In India, the government owns the television companies. How do we keep television from becoming a political tool?" Insat has other social implications as well.

Even its weather-predicting capacity stands to threaten a longstanding tradition in many villages, that of "weather religious men who are said to predict and create rain or snow or sunshine by using their influence with the gods. Again, though, Dhawan said, solutions will come over time. "The village kid who learns this technology and becomes a meteorologist then will become the weather lama. Just because he uses remote-sensing data from a satellite, rather than the sun, the stars and the gods, doesn't change his social role in the village." But that same remote-sensing capability, which will allow the Indians to use Insat to view not only their T.nttPl1PQ Pennsylvania DAILY BIG 4 April 9, 1982 323 BIG SO April 7, 1982 Red: 460 White: 15 Blue: 7 Bonus: 365089 New Jersey PICK IT April 9, 1982 No drawing April 8, 1982 806 Straight: $321.50 Box: $53.50 Pairs: $32 April 7, 1982 4928 23 fori April 7, 1982 60309 0714 282 PICK 6 April 8, 1982 05 09 03 07 29 25 Bonus: 19811 PICK 4 April 8, 1982 2723 Straight: $4,563.50 No box payoff Delaware DAILY April 8, 1982 047 PLAY 4 April 8, 1982 2022 For lottery information: Pennsylvania 21S-271-1600 New Jersey 609-936-9360 Delaware 302-736S291 (nlabttyfua Inquirer USPS 4 30 OOO fuMiuhtd every Morning mdSurwfcy fay PMtdefenit Newepepere. Inc.

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POSTMASTER: aand addreaa ohangee toe The PheadeejNe Inquirer 400 Nor aVoed Street P.O. Bon 8263 Philadelphia, PA 19101 CteMifMAcfc 103-5000 Report New (215)854-2600 Other Department (2 1 5) 854-2000 For Ouienleeil Home Mfeery. er report derery proMem, oef tefl free) InPMwMphia 665-1234 In PnrvYtvinil (800) 222-2765 In Now Jtmv (800) 623-9068 with a vengeance. Most dramatic, though, will be television. The primary targets will be rural villages in six Indian states, where the government has begun building receiving stations.

"You must understand, the common villager in India has never even seen a televison set; he cannot afford one," said Singh, who heads the Insat project. So the Indian government decided to place one satellite receiving station and a single television set in each village. Each night, the villagers will go to that center and watch a scries of educational, government-produced broadcasts on such subjects as birth control, improved farming techniques and canning pickles -and other foods. They will also receive nightly weather reports. But Dhawan said the earth stations and television sets "must be built gradually," beginning with 2,000 television sets by this fall; 6,000 more will be added over the next several years.

"You could do a daring experiment and put television everywhere at once and say to hell with the consequences," Dhawan said. "But you must consider the culture shock of that. For example, if there are too many broadcasts that show what goes on in the big cities, all of the villagers will move to the cities, which already are overpopulated." Dhawan bases his observations, in part, on a joint U.S.-Indian experiment in 1975, when the government used a NASA satellite to beam similar educational broadcasts to selected rural villages. "This had a great social impact, but perhaps the most fascinating thing we found was how the villagers actu- ally watched the TV," Dhawan said. "At first, by tradition, 'the village elders sat in front.

Behind them were the men; the women behind the men, and the children in back. Militia leader Maj. Saad Haddad contended that the presence of the mine violated the U.S.-mediated truce that ended fighting last summer along the Lebanese border between the Palestine Liberation Organization and Israeli-backed militia. A spokesman for the militia contended that the mines had been planted by Palestinian guerrillas who apparently had passed through a buffer zone maintained by U.N. Interim Forces in Lebanon, who are policing the truce.

Concern over the truce has been heightened by Israel's accusation that the PLO murdered an Israeli diplomat in Paris. ty chairman of the Interior Ministry police, were frequently seen together at a theatrical restaurant in Moscow. Western diplomatic analysts have speculated that Boris' arrest by the KGB, reportedly on charges of illegal dealing in foreign currency, art objects and diamonds, may have been part of an effort to embarrass President Leonid I. Brezhnev through his family, and in so doing convey the impression that Brezhnev's personal power was eroding. After his arrest, Boris was alleged to have implicated Brezhnev's daughter when asked where he obtained his diamonds and other valuables.

Analysts point out that it is unlikely that that kind of information, and the report of his suicide, would surface unless the KGB Arabs hurl firebomb at soldiers; rocks hurt 2 West Bank settlers Aboard a Delta rocket An ending for 'expendable' launchers launched by the space shuttle in July 1983. "We simply could not wait for the shuttle this time," said S. Dha-wan, chairman of India's Department of Space and the man most widely credited with making the Insat launch possible. "Our need for Insat I is now. Not next month.

Not fiext year. Now is when we must begin to develop as an advanced nation. And Insat is our key to that future." Indeed, Insat I is no ordinary satellite. Ford Aerospace Communications the Ford Motor Co. subsidiary that is building both Insats under contract with the Indian government for $68 million, calls Insat I a first of a kind.

It is a "hybrid" that includes facilities for relaying telephone, television and weather remote-sensing signals that never before have all been on a single satellite. "It really is three satellites in one," said one Ford engineer. "We crammed everything on there." Once Insat reaches its stationary orbit over New Delhi, an orbit that required an early-morning launch, the impact on India will be dramatic, according to Chairman Dhawan. Historically, telephone service in India has been "something of a nightmare," he said. It often takes up to two hours to place a phone call from, say, New Delhi to Bombay.

But with Insat, it will take just minutes. Scientific weather forecasting in India is virtually nonexistent now. With Insat, India will be able to predict and prepare for the cyclones, floods and monsoons that hit India The bus was going from the settlement outside Hebron through Hal-houl, an Arab town three miles to the north, the spokesman said. Five Palestinians and two Israelis have been killed in a recent spate of riots on the occupied West Bank of the Jordan River and Gaza Strip, areas that Israel seized in the 1967 Mideast war. Arabs in the occupied territories are demanding full independence and Israeli withdrawal.

In southern Lebanon, a Sherman tank belonging to Israeli-backed Lebanese Christian militias hit a land mine near the town of Mar-jayoun yesterday, a source close to the militia said. There were no injuries, the source said. Lubyanka prison in central Moscow. He was believed to be about 35. At Boris apartment building on Moscow's Central Ring Road, a woman who tends the door barred a reporter from going up to his apartment Thursday, saying that "it is not allowed" and that Boris was on a "business trip" in the southern city of Krasnodar.

A minor performer associated with the Bolshoi Theater, Boris was widely known in Moscow for his wealth, which he reputedly accumulated in the black market. He owned a Mercedes-Benz, a rare status symbol in proletarian Moscow, and often wore a full-length fur coat and a diamond-encrusted medallion on a chain around his neck. He and Galina Brezhnev, the wife of Gen. Yuri M. Chnrbannv, the depu rC Associated Press TEL AVIV, Israel A firebomb was hurled at an Israeli army patrol in Bethlehem yesterday and two Jewish girls were injured in another West Bank town when Arab demonstrators threw rocks at their bus, the military said.

The military ordered a curfew in the area of Manger Square, traditional birthplace of Christ, but the fire-bomber was not apprehended. The military said there were no injuries. A spokesman for the Kiryat Arba settlement said one girl, Bracha Kamm, had a fractured skull after Arab demonstrators threw rocks at the bus. The girls' ages were not SATURDAY, APRIL 10 When KO artist Rocky Lockridge takes on power puncher Robert Mullins, he'll have his hands full. It's a "must win" for Mullins to enter the world ratings.

It's "do or die" for Lockridge for a chance at a title fight. You won't want to miss it! 10-ROUND FEATHERWEIGHT BOUT 2WBA4WBC Former 1980 USBA Featherweight Champion ROCKY LOCKRIDGE Maple Shade, NJ PLUS Wealthy Soviet singer said to have killed himself after arrest by KGB 10-ROUND BANTAMWEIGHT BOUT DIEGO RUBEN ROSARIO vs. DOMINGUEZ (13-1-1) (9-1) Paterson, Los Angeles, CA SEE THE FIGHT For Reservations call toll free 800-257-8580, in call 800-582-7699 By Robert Gillette Los Angeles Times Service MOSCOW Boris the Gypsy, a flamboyant Moscow singer and companion of Galina Brezhnev, the Soviet president's daughter, committed suicide in a KGB prison after his arrest in late January, according to Soviet sources. The sources quoted an officer in the KGB, the security police, as saying that Boris, whose real name is believed to be Boris Buryatsa, "decid- cd to commit suicide." The officer gave the impression that he was deliberately leaking the information, the sources said. The report could not be independently confirmed, although rumors have circulated for several weeks that Boris committed suicide in.