The Philadelphia Inquirer from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania • Page 1

I A. Rfl. EDITION roratmr PUBLIC LEDGER "rC CL ATI OX January Average Daily 344,070, Sunday 1,0 10,823 PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 3, 1939 a fnpyrtiht, 1B.18. by The Phlla, Inquirer Co. THREE CENTS mm Today Severn Resentment Deal Surge No 'pfuJalists' Camouflaged Aim Mass Walkout Nesr GHIME PROBERS ASK OUSTER OF POLI IIS PAT HARRISON RAPS SPENDING SITS IADS Cardinal Elevated On 63d Birthday; Only 3 Ballots Cast 262d Pontiff First Ever to Have Visited U.

Faces Task of Easing VaticanRelations With Reich, Italy VATICAN CITY, March 2 (A. Cardinal Hirt Named To James' Judgeship By PAIL W. RAMSEY Inquirer Harrisburg Bureau HARRISBURG, March James today appointed President Judge William E. Hirt, of the Common Picas Court of Erie county, to the Superior Court bench. Judge Hirt will fill the vacancy created by James when he resigned from the Superior Court to become the Slate's Chief Executive.

The vacancy has existed since Jan. 17, the day of the Governor a inaugural. First appointed to the Erie county judgeship in 1920 by Gov. Sproul, Judge Hirt was elected to a full 10-year term without opposition in 1921, and was re-elected in 1931. TO SERVE FOR YEAR In 1931 he was the nominee of the Democratic, Republican and Socialist Parties.

Judge Hirt will serve under today's appointment until the first Monday in January, 1940. The seat he is to take will be filled after that by the successful candidate at next fall's election. The position pays $18,000 a year. Gov. James indicated that Judge Continued on Page 4, Column 1 Pacplli was elected Pope today and took the name of Pius XII on hia 63d birthday in one of history's shortest, conclaves.

Ha was chosen on the third ballot in the first day of votinjr. He became the 262d Pontiff, spiritual ruler of Catholics and temporal sovereign of Vatican City just 20 days after the death of Pius XI, whom he served as Tapal Secretary of State for eitrht He is perhaps the first Pope ever to have been in the United Slates. As Papal Secretary of State, he went there in 1930 and was received by President Roosevelt. His policy toward Nazi Germany will be watched with the greatest of interest. It is with that country perhaps that Vatican relations are least satisfactory.

He is all the more familiar with Germans for having been CAII DOUGHERTY i km HIS COMMON Ci Assail Emanuel And Officers Now Under Indictment; Urge New Set-Up By OWEN F. McDONNELL Tie immediate removal of Andrew J. Enanuel as Director of the Depart m.t of Public Safety, a post which he has held since January, 1936, was recc mmended yesterday by the Spe cial October (1937) Grand Jury in the second half of its 15th and final prcentment, A so Included in the series of 21 formal recommendations ringing down the curtain on the 17-month-old inquiry is one that Superintendent of Police Edward Hubbs, Police Inspector James E. Clegg, and Police Captains Robert Callahan, of the 11th and Winter ats. station; George J.

Kronbar, commander of the 12th and Pine sta. station, and Ernest Holmes, commander of tie 3d and Delancey ts. station, shosdd he relieved of duty until their guil or innocence has been estab-llshitd in Court. ALI, UNDER INDICTMENT All are now under indictment, charged with misbehavior in office. There Is little of new Interest in the series of recommendations, which flowsd from the special panel within a sh jrt time after it was convened by Curtis Bok, at the request of District Attorney Charles P.

Kelley, late in September, 1937. Several of the recommendations, in fact, have been made repeatedly by other public officials. For example, that recommending re-aligning of poii district boundaries, in order to break up their present co-extension with city wards, was one of the first acts of General Smedley D. Butler whei he became Director of Public Safety in 1924. of the others could be ef fected only by legislation action, or by substantially Increasing the cost of operation of the Department of Public Safety.

Salient among the recommenda- Con inued on Page 4, Column 1 18 of 150 Rescued Off Sinking Sealer HALIFAX, Nova Scotia, March 2 (Car adian Press) sealer Ranger, fallowed in heavy seas off the southwest coast in a sinking condition whileradio messages said the steamship Newfoundland had taken aboard 18 members of the Ranger's crew of 150. The Newfoundland was standing by an effort to tow the veteran sealing vessel into shelter, the weather tfo rough to take off the rest of the orew. Seimen aboard the 67-year-old ship, oldest of the wooden ships still In Newfoundland's sealing industry, had attempting to bail her out with buckets and barrels. Seas breaking ver the waterlogged ship washed into rier boiler room, putting out the fires and making her pumps useless. HIS HOLINESS POPE PIUS XTI (Additional pictures on Pages 8, 9 and 16.) Tille of New Pope His Holiness Pope Pius XII, Tontifex Maximuv newly elec ted Universal Pastor of the Roman Catholic Church, is the successor to St.

Peter. Ho was elevated to that rank from membership in the College of Cardinals. As Eugcnlo Cardinal Pacelll, he was Papal Secretary of State. He assumes the titles of Bishop of Rome and Vicar of Jesus Christ; Successor of St. Peter, Prince of the Apostles; Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church; Patriarch of the West; Primate of Italy; Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province, and Sovereign of Vatican City.

His name, now 'discarded for that of Pontiff, is pronounced Pa-chel-lee. The accent is on the second syllable, while the is broad, as the in far. Lev Hhs S- iohmon rfORCElOWN. S. Jch 2.

CE0 written from a THIS 'rude! of what the President called the Southern r.ud.V.Ut and a distinjulshed lij F'jblL-ist has naned the gviir.em Fascists. Th is ths original Secession South Carolina. It the State In whicli, more -frn'-lv, Mr. Corcoran's purge, r. i a by Mr.

Roosevelt, cht the political slaughter of rr ton Smith, and to ttU these wlm'. kind of extreme New yar t'r '5 must send to Washington, i Cotton Id was elected. It in the heart of the Solid South, but defylnf the purge t- rot the first time ha run tlie reservation in a big wr. did that in Andrew Jackson's day, vhen It attempted to nullify an rt of Congress, and in Lin-roln day, when It fire I on Fort Sumter. This viv.d cockiness inf.y not t'w have been wise, but it does (nitrate tut the State nay be i kind of barometer of Southern trends of thought.

just as I reported a few days ijo, from Kansas City, a k'nd of inti-Ncw Ieal surge in the Middle West, I am sure that there is one brewing here if the President and his advisers continue the kind of thinkinr and action indicated by the "South-em Feuda speech and the purge of representative Southern Congressmen. There it no feudalism in the South in the sense of A rate of rich end powerful Southern industrial or aorf-cultural robber barons who tnvtroi countryside. Southerners, even the most Important in the economic fields, ire dirt in comparison with similar elates in other sections. They are poor because of the destruction of the Civil War, because of the restrictions put upon the South by Reconstruction after the Civil War, and recently because of freight and iariff rates and other outright diarim-iriattotis. It is utter and cruel nonsense to rail then either Fascism or Feudalists in any such sense as that.

That i not what is meant at all. it is rammi-ftae. Wtiat ii really meunt la that these Dtal 'trateglsti would like to en franchise th Southern l't-V to atti to its Northern Negro bloc by buying his political support, as it lias bought Northern Negro support by various relief and benefit payments and otber handouts. Southern farmers are nvntly hat is meant by the namu of "Southern Feudalists." And iled that benuse they do "it pay wages to laborers. Any examination of the of the average Soutl em armor -v( 11 when his land sup-Irts as mniy as 150 Negrc-s wld explode that.

barely exists himself. If all n-s profits were divided with his it would not change t.ielr 'sential condition. The June charge is mate "gainst the industrialists in the South. But Lhey are mi dually 'Southern Feudal-Were frequently thty i'e Northern carpetbaggers Jt Is rye that the South has an Monnrric Problem No. 1." It l' the Nrjrro program.

It Is so -a poli: ical as well as economic. The South Is struggling It 1 think, slowly solving 3ut it car not and is not go'ng ce solved by social snoopers Aubrey Williams and A brood that went out with hny Hopkins. 6can'tb 5 solved by Corcoian or politics or by New Dial rh' SoiithTtTows Ibis and bulldozed it attemp Deal' I out 0,1 the Ne' a bloc, Jruth parador Tne In Pi XII VISITED SUPPLICANTS Demands Economy Drive to Avoid New Taxes or Debt Rise; Garner Aid Hinted By RICHARD L. HARKNESS Inquirer Washington Bureau WASHINGTON, March tor Pt Harrison (D Miss.) today assf.iei. President Roosevelt's policy of spending for recovery with the bald declaration that "economic con fusion and chaos are inevitable" un less the Democratic Party Institutes an economy program to preclude the necessity either of raising Federal taxes or increasing the public debt beyond $45,000,000,000.

"I have no confidence in the economic philosophy that we must spend ourselves out of this economic dls order," the Senate Finance Commit tee chairman said in suggesting an inner-Democratic conterence to study means of curtailing deficit spending "unflinchingly and without political consideration." PREDICTS 'CHAOS' "If immediate and unified plans are not laid, and enormous and un precedented expenditures are continued, with the national debt mounting," he warned, "economic confusion and chaos are inevitable." Contradicting Mr. Roosevelt's theory that the Government must continue spending to raise the Na tion's Income to the prosperous level of a year, Harrison added: "I think that if we can get business to have confidence, hold down spending so as not to Increase the public debt, and take away some of the taxes deterring business, you will find the country achieving an $80,000,000,000 income," SEE GARNER DRIVE Harrison's statement, which struck Congress and the New Deal an a surprise, appeared to signal a de termlned renewal of the antl-Admln- istration drive of Vice President John Nance Garner and other Southern "conservative" Democrats against New Deal spending. The Senator revealed that the economy program, which cut from Mr. Roosevelt's WPA deficiency request, already has taken these new lines: 1. Conferences with some "high-up" officials attending, which projected the possibility of having Congress arbitrarily cut 10 per cent, from all appropriations except those financing fixed Federal expenditures.

2. Opposition to the New Deal plan to have Congress increa.se the legal public debt limit from the present level of $45,000,000,000 to Harrison said he personally opposed the $5,000,000,000 increase. ECONOMY CONFERENCE 3. A Democratic conference representing both the executive and legislative branches of the Government to discuss economy steps. "The Government's fiscal picture must be carefully scanned, and that doesn't mean next year, but now and it should be done through clear vision, and not through a colored lens," Harrison said.

"We are confronted with a budget which calls for over $10,000,000,000 in appropriations for the next fiscal year, and the cold suggestion in the budget message of a deficit that will amount to $3,500,000,000. "This Congress 1 to consider the legislation that would make possible these large expenditures. We have a national debt of and a guaranteed underwritten debt of $5,000,000,000." "I don't think we've reached the danger point yet as far as the national debt is concerned," he said. Continued on Page 5, Column 1 N. Y.

Uund, Communist Meetings Probed by Dies WASHINGTON, March 2 (A. Chairman Martin Dies Tex.) said today the recent German-American Bund and Communist meetings in New York were being investigated by the House Committee on Un-American Activities. Dies said the work was being conducted by a special squad of trained investigators under the direction of a former Justice Department attorney. He said the inquiry would cover the Silver Shirts "and every Nazi and Fascist organization," as well as the Bund. Gandhi to Start 'Fast Unto Death' Today RAJKOT, India, March 2 (U.

-Mohandas K. Gandhi, world-famed Indian leader, had a last meal of fruits and goat's milk tonight before beginning tomorrow a fast "unto death." Mahatma Gandhi will fast in protest of an unfilled promise bv Prince Thaknre, ruler of Rajkot Province, In connection with social reforms for the masses. 1 IS IN ICS PURGE TO BE ITIMI By PAIL J. McGAHAV Inquirer Washington Bureau WASHINGTON, March 2 The purge of political influence in the WPA, already under way in Pennsylvania, will be applied on a Nationwide scale, it became apparent today. The decision to remove political coercion from work relief, Inspited by the revelations of the Committee to Investigate Campaign Expenditures and the Use of relief funds, headed by 8enator Morris Shcppard Tex.) will affect the WPA in all Siates, equally.

It was regarded as significant, however, that the first effort to put into effect the new provisions of he deficiency appropriation act, defining penalties for political activity, was made in Pennsylvania, where U. S. Senator Joseph Guffey built a powerful political machine within the WPA. FIRST MOVE IN PENNA. The Sheppard Committee susta'n-ed the charges of irregularities in Pennsylvania made by U.

S. Senator James J. Davis. The first move in the Nation-w'de political purge was made Wednesday when E. C.

Smith. newly appointed ac'ing WPA Administra tor in Pennsylrania, issued an order forbidding political office holders from supervisory, administrative skilled or technical Jobs in the work relief organization. While the President has taken no direct part in the purge, he Is reported to be sympathetic with the move to remove WPA support from political organizations. Senator Guffey has made no public comment on the development, Continued on Page 4, Column NATIONAL AFFAIRS Senator Harrison assails Roosevelt policy of spending. Page 1 WPA politics purge to be Nationwide.

Page 1 Senate warned V. S. is being led to war. Page FOREIGN Howard Carter dies; discoverer of King Tut's tomb. Page 18 Daughter born to Japanese Empress.

Page 34 Berlin reports prosecution of Schuschnigg may be dropped. Page 34 Chamberlain reported to have refused to drop Palestine plan. Page 34 SPORTS Southern and Oratz win Public High League play-offs. Page 25 Ganlenbein seeks thlrdbase Job with A's; Prothro announces new system for Phil hurlers. Tage 25 Plcard and Snead tie for first in St.

Petersburg golf. Tage 25 BUSINESS AND FINANCIAL Morgenthau gets views on changing taxes. Page 28 Irregular movements mark stork trading. Page 28 Security quotations. Pages 28-29-30 SPECIAL DEPARTMENTS Amusements Picture Page 16 22-23 Puzzle Page 21 Comics 20-21 Radio 14 Death Notices 33 Society Page 12 Editorial Page 10 Women's Pages Feature Page 17 12-13-14-15 Obituaries 13 COLUMNS AND FEATURES Cummlngs 19 H.

I. Phillips 10 Dr. Barton 17 F. Newton 10 Ely Culbertson 21 Pegler 17 Forbes 28PaulMallon 17 Girsrd' Talk 17 Thoinpson 17 Gen. Johnson 1 i POL Papal Nuncio in Germany during the latter part of the World War and afterward and for negotiating the concordat of 1929.

In dealing with Reichsfueh-rer Adolf Hitler on the treatment of Catholics in Germany, Pius XII was expected by foreign observers to exert the vigor of his comparative youth though 63, he is well under the average age of the Cardinals. But he Is known as an astute diplomat and there are many who say he has talents qualifying him to restore better relations not only with Germany but with Fascist Italy, which was accused by his predecessor of wounding the Lateran Accord of 1929 by its racial policy. 150,000 IN SQUARE People fainted in the crush of faithful who Jammed St. Peter's Square to receive the benediction ot the tall, thin and ascetic diplomat who was raised by his brother Princes of the Church to the Vicarage or Christ. It was a popular election accomplished In three ballotlngs within 24 hours after the 62 Caidlnals, the full membership of the Sacred College, had been locked in secret conclave.

How many voles he received on the first balloting.1) and how many on the last may never become known. But he is rumored to have received a majority at the oul.set which was car ried to the required two-thirds In the subsequent tallies. PROVISIONS OF RITUAL Tliere, In the Slstine Chapel, still In secret, the ritual provided for the picturesque ceremony surrounding the acceptance by the Pope of his election, the obedience of the Cardinals and his appearance before the crowd massed in St. Peter's Square. Ceremonial officers were admitted.

They lowered the canopies over the chairs of all but Cardinal Pacelll. Pope-elect was asked in Latin If he would accept, and with his formal assent recorded, he became pope in fact. The Pope was arrayed In the robes which had been provided. Each of the 61 Cardinals knelt before him, kissed his hand in sign of homage Continued on Page 9, Column 1 Pope Sleeps In Conclave Cell VATICAN CITY, March 2 (U. A trustworthy source said tonight that the new Pope would spend the night in his conclave cell No.

13 because "he is greatly fatigued." It was Indicated the Pope would move into the apartments of Plus XI on the third floor of the Papal building tomorrow. The motto of the new Pope is "Opus, Justicla, Pax" (Work, Justice, Peace), while on his coat of arms is a pigeon with an olive branch. first to comment editorially on the election of Cardinal Pacelll. It spoke hopefully of the prospects of the reign of Pius XII, saying that "it is certain that the new Pontiff is sufficiently clever and intelligent to form for himself the most decided Judgments about affairs." (The National Zeitung was bitter, however, In its references to Plus XI, who died 20 days aco )n the midst of a struggle with the Nazi regime.) Government spokesmen declined to discuss the choice, indicating that Continued on Tage 6, Column 3 VATICAN CITY, March 2 (A. Dennis Cardinal Dougherty, of Philadelphia, hailed the election of Eugenlo Cardinal Pacelli today as an.

event which would give "universal satisfaction," After leaving the conclave for his hotel In Rome, Cardinal Dougherty issued the following statement: "The election of His Eminence. Cardinal Pacelll, ss Pope has not been a surprise. In fact it was generally expected, From his early manhood he had been an outstanding ecclesiastic and long ago it was predicted he would become Pope of tht Church. "In physical appearance he is Ml and ascetic. In disposition he is gentle and most kindly.

He has a combination of gifts, among thrm that of languages. APPOINTED TO U. S. "Besides l-atln and Italian, ho speaks fluently French, Spanish, Portuguese and especially German, in which he was accustomed to preach during his stay in Germary as Apostolic Nuncio. IJyen the Germans were surprised at his eloqueace in their language.

"Plus XI chase him Secretary of State, perhaps the most difficult position In the Church after the Papacy Itself, and also selected him for var- juiiwi mill, iiiKviuue. nc acib him as his legate to the International Eiicnarlstic Congresses at Buenos Aires and Budapest, and frequently sent him to represent him at, Lourdes and Llseux on importai occasions. "No doubt It will interest Americans to learn that, when a yow.g man, Monsignor Pacelll was appointed to the chair of canon law at Catholic University o' nd accepted that po- i'-on, but was prevented from fulfilling it by the Holy See; which desired him on this sice of the ocean because of what it hid in store for him. "It Is no exaggeration to say that his election as Pope will give universal satisfaction even to those outside the pale ot the Church. It haj made Catholics in Rome thrill wi'h delight." 'LOVED BY Al.l" NEW YORK.

March 2 fU. Former Gov. Alfred E. Smith, in a tribute to the new Pope, Plus XII characterized him as a "holy man loved by all who came In contact with him" in America. "A holy man with a knowledge of Continued on Page 6, Column 4 THE WEATHER Official forecast Eastern Pennsylvania: Increasing cloudiness and warmer today; light rain tomorrow, colder tomorrow afternoon, much, colder by Sunday.

Sun rises Moon rises 6.32 A.M. 3.46 P.M. Sets 5.53 P.M. Sets 4.42 A.M. Other Weather Reports on Tage 2 MUsing Perions WANTKD, Information whereabout family of Mary inn" McDevilt, who hvwl Sophia t.

H'id niiters Annie nnrt Kati (niirwi. brother Jw. Tommy (fighter! awl Hilly (singer). II-27J inquirer. ARTHURAli i forgiven Please-come home.

Mother and Martin. Lost and Found LOST OitlHc'ulcs representing common stock, United Gas Improvement In name ot Marv F. Bradford No. CtKMHSl lor (45 shut-en. issued 52134 A No.

for 35 shares, issued V'O34. Application hull been made for renewals. Lost Platinum bar" pin set with 1 large 64 small diamonds A IS sapphires, ime about Feb 1st. at Haverford. I'a or in Phlla.

rew. tt K. Miller. 4'! Walnut. LOST Perpetual" Fire Insurance Poficy No.

Philadelphia Contributlonship, rov-ennti 13)5 W.dmit street. LOST wrist tvatrh ht't" Sth Dili Market. Rt-w. 1330 N. 7th.

LOST- Rrnivn lUct ront.umn; $1L' A driver's lie. in West PhlH, Rew. Fv. S1T1. SELECTION REJOICE IT By JULIA News of the election of Eugenlo Cardinal Pacelll as the new Supreme Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church came to thousands of Phila delphia Catholics as they knelt in prayer at noon-day Lenten services yesterday.

In central-city churches, where the word was received in time for an announcement to be made, the worshippers immediately offered prayers of thanksgiving and asked Divine assistance for their new Holy Father. BELLS MARK ELECTION At 6 P. M. last evening, when the bells in Catholic churches ordinarily toll the "Angelus," those in all the 388 parish churches in the archdiocese rang for an extra length of time to commemorate the selection of the Church's 261st successor of St. Peter.

Shortly after the announcement of the College of Cardinals' choice reached here Bishop Hugh L. Lamb, who is directing the affairs of the Archdiocese in the absence of Cardinal Dougherty, directed that the 138 parishes in the city and the 250 suburban and up-State ones be notified by telephone of the special bell-ringing. 11 cs-to DADC IN TODAY'S INQUIRER By his personal charm and his Inspiring words, F.ugenio Cardinal Pacelll endeared himself to hundreds of Philadelphia Catholics on a two-day vtolt here In October, 1936. He was the first man destined to become Spiritual Father of the Catholics throughout the world ever to set foot in Philadelphia and his visit, although unofficial, attracted widespread inter est. Cardinal Pacelll, who yesterday became Pope Pius XII, said he was "simply on a vacation" at the time of his trip to the United States, but many believed he had come to gain first-hand information concerning the speaking campaign of Rev.

Charles E. Couehlin, the Detroit radio priest, who had been rebuked by a Vatican organ. INSPECTED LIBERTY BELL The Papal Secretary of State came here as the guest of Dennis Cardinal Dougherty, arriving Oct. 20. He displayed keen interest In historical points and inspected several of them, including the Liberty Bell in Independence Hall.

He first went to Wernersvllle, where he celebrated Mass in St. Isaac JoKues' Novitiate of the Society of Jesus, which contains the Continued on Page 8, Column 2 rn.11 run. r.c g( Brady wnose As news that a new Pope had been nlld bwn hLs chosen spread through the city Cgrdinal Dougherty went to Wer-shortly before noon, school children nersville gnd tnpre greeted Cardinal PAPAL ELECTION Ca -dinal Pacelll elected Pope, becoming Pius XII on his sixty-third birthday. Page 1 Ca -dinal Dougherty joins in tribute new Pope. Page 1 Ne 7 Pontiff visited Phlla.

for two days in 1936. Page 1 Ph la. supplicants hear news of Pope election at Lenten services. Page 1 Beiiin silent in choice of new Pope Duce sends "homage." Page 1 Ph; la. leaders hail selection of new Pope.

Page 7 Washington visit by Pope is recalled. Page 8 PHILADELPHIA Crime probers urge ouster of police r. eads. Page 1 $3,515,000 suit against union to cite sit-down ban. Page 2 Eleventh murder pinned on Jack Hows rd, slain gunman.

Page 3 Council seeks relaxing of conditions in gas lease offer. Page 19 Polxe seek $225,000 gems in Brey-er hold-up. Page 19 Twj cleared in poison death of girl, Page 19 Dr. Mooney chosen acting head of Beav College. Page 19 Janes grants "breathing spell" to drivers awaiting 1939 licenses.

Page 19 GENERAL 1 Jar'es names Judge William E. Kirt Superior Court. Page I Tw New Jersey plants dismiss 290 sit-down strikers. Page 2 Eig it hurt In fight at Clairton steel plant after police clash with pickets. Paite 2 Ga lg war blamed for two murders 1 at Shamokin, Tage 2 Berlin Silent on New Pope, Regarded as Foe of Nazism in me parocniai elementary ana uik" i Continued on Page 6, Column 1 Capshaw Quiz Ordered By N.

Y. Supreme Court NEW YORK, March 2 (A. appellate division of the Supreme Court today ordered an Investigation into the judicial fitness of Magistrate Hulon Capshaw, accused of aiding the convicted James In providing political protection to a multImlllion-doilar policy racket. The action followed within four days an order from Mayor Laguardia to Chief Magistrate Jacob G. Schu-man, demanding the immediate impeachment of the socially prominent magistral.

The court appointed former Federal Judge Thomas D. Thatcher as referee to conduct the lnvestigaUa. BERLIN, March 2 (A. The election of Eugenlo Cardinal Pacelll as Pope brought no official German comment tonight, but before his election the Nazi press had expressed opposition to him as a foe of Fascist states. (The National Zeitmig of Essen, organ of Field Marshal Hermann Wilhelm Ooerlng, urged Pope Plus XII to turn a deaf ear to "the darkest whispers and rumors to which his predecessor undoubtedly succumbed" and to lead the world toward peace, the United Press reported.

(The newspaper of Goering, No. 2 aiaft oi the Nazi hierarchy, was the A.