The Daily Republic from Mitchell, South Dakota • Page 4

Four THE DAILY REPUBLIC, Mitche 1 S. Monday, August 6, 1962 McNamara's Streamlining Ten years ago, the then Secretary of Defense, Robert A. Lovett. declared that "reorganization of the Army's technical semres would be no more painful than backing Into a buzz-saw but I believe It Is lone overdue." That has finally been brought about. It became effective the first of this month.

Worked out under the overall supervision Secretary of Defense Robert S. McNamara and Cyrus Vance, then Defense General Counsel and now Secretary of the Army, the shift under a new Material Command all the technical services of the Army. Such venerable agencies as the offices of the Quartermaster General and the Chief of Ordnance passed out of existence. The new command starts ult.h an Inventory cf $23.5 billion and an annual budget of $7.5 billion. It will supervise 20.000 military men and 170.000 civilians.

Most importantly. It will speed development of some 30 high priority projects, Including the Army's Nike-Zeus anti-missile program, the 300-mile Pershlng missile, the shorter range General Sheridan (Shillelagh) missile and armed helicopters. Special management techniques, successfully used by the Navy to develop the Polaris submarine in record time, will be used by the new Army Materiel Command, to cut red tape and demand priority treatment from all Army depots and procurement agencies, for weapons tagged for streamlined management and his persistence have overcome the buzz-saw resistance of the oldest military establishment. Which Way For Tito U.S. State Department analysts whose specialty Is the maverick Communist state of Yugoslavia, will want to spend a few quiet hours with Adlal E.

Stevenson upon his return from vacation. There was to bo nothing official about his call on Tito. The ambassador was acting in private capacity, Just another Inquiring traveler. The State Department denies thai, there was any "mission" for Stevenson. Nevertheless, there are things to be seen in Yugoslavia, words to be exchanged, be judged.

Like any experienced reporter, Stevenson returns with some Idea of which way Tito is going. That way of late has seemed eastward, toward Moscow. The Yugoslavs In recent months have been allied with the Soviet Union on almost major Issue of foreign policy, meanwhile professing their "positive and active neutralism." This was acknowledged by Soviet Premier Khrushchev in a startling speech, May 10, In Varna, Bulgaria. Obviously Inviting the return of Tito, Khrushchev declared that despite political and Ideological differences, the Soviet Union and Yugoslavia maintained policies "almost Identical on the question of peace." In the language of communism, this means that Tito and NlklUt agree on foreign policy. The 'was the more remarkable because Khrushchev decreed an end to the running feud between Sofia and Belgrade.

Tito In addressing the Yugoslav Communist Party's Central Committee, July 23, spoke of a new retreat from liberalism. This was to affect political, economic, even cultural life. "We have had a very liberal attitude," Tito Mid. "We shrugged our shoulders, thinking nobody would be harmed if we allowed people to and write what they wanted. In this we have gone too far." The reference appeared not to be limited to Mllovan Djllas, the former Yugoslav vice president who recently received a five- year three years and eight tnonUu of an earlier unexplred sentence for divulging "state secrete" in his book Conservation With Stalin.

A period of apparent reconciliation between Rtusla and Yugoslavia began after the death of fitalin In March 1953. This raised fears in the West that the gamble of aiding national communism had been lost. But the basic between Tito and Khrushchev soon came Into the open. Even on announcing the resumption of diplomatic June had aald he never again could "believe 100 per cent in the Soviet Union." The disaffection peaked after the Hungarian and Polish revolts. The present U.S.

policy is a continuation of (hat set forth by President Eisenhower in June 1958, when he said that aid to Yugoslavia might "help to weaken the solidarity of the Communist bloc." But Tito has looked so frequently to the Bast of late that Congress came near to cutting off all aid to Tito In the foreign aid bill. Conceivably Ambassador Stevenson could give the Batte Department Titologlsta a report on which erdlction the Yugoslav President is moving literally as well as figuratively. Khrushchev recently Invited Tito to visit the Soviet Union. Surely Stevenson would ask whether Tito will accept. Young Bob Ready Robert Taft, ton of the late Senator Robert A.

Taft of Ohio, Is making his first try for national office at age 45. Re resisted until this pleas to run for Congress, until lie had established himself professionally as a lawyer and had served four terms lu the state legislature. Young Bob, as he is known throughout Ohio, thlnto that a person is in a better position if he developed another career and he can take politics or leave it alone. He wanted state legislative experience so that in Washington he would not time learning the ropes. he Republican, he couldn't afford to mark time in Washington from a state that a Democratic and two Democratic Senators.

And he did not want to trade on father's name. THIS WEEK'S DATE BOOK: Aug. 5 1861 (101 years ago), Congress levied a three per cent tax on incomes over $800, the first U. 8. income tax; Aug.

6, 1911 (61 years ago), Actrew Lucille Call born; Aug. 0, 1920 (36 years ago), Gertrude £derle became first woman to swim English Channel; Aug. 6,1940 (17 years ago), first atomic bomb used in war dropped on Hiroshima, killing Injuring more than 123,000 persona; Aug. 9, 190? (80 yeart ago), Edward VII crowned King of England; Aug. 10, 1874 (88 years ago), Ktrbart Howe? tern- Humphrey Fears Other Drugs May Cause Abnormal Births EDITOR'S NOTE: Drew Pearson In touring the In his absence, the Washington will be written by associate, Anderson.) "Don't Rightly Know li 1 Can Spare A Nail" By JACK ANDERSON by the tragedy of the drug-deformed ba- bie.s.

Minnesota Sen. Humbert Humphrey, the only pharmacist in the Senate, has ordered an investigation into the sobering possibility that thalidomlde may not be the only drug causing abnormal births. Although his Investigators have uncovered no final proof, the promiscuous use of drugs by pregnant women may be a major cause of mental retardation and physical deformities. Here Is what the Humphrey committee 18 learning: Drug manufacturers have done appallingly little testing on animal fetuses. But even drugs that have been found safe for animals may damage the human embryo, which is highly vulnerable to drugs.

"Women in the child-bearing age must bo educated not to take new drugs," warns Dr. Helen Taussig. the Johns Hopkins expert on baby malformations. Another problem is the habit of pregnant women to run for medication over the slightest discomfort or headache. Pills that relieve distress may never have been tested on unborn babies and could cause unknown injury.

Meanwhile, Europe's sleeping- pill nightmare Is spreading to Canada and the United more women who have taken thalido- mlde pills arc giving birth to hideously deformed babies. Since the pills weren't withdrawn from use on this side of the Atlantic until March, the full extent of the epidemic won't be known until Christmas. Hardest hit were Germany and Engand where the tragic sleeping pills had been on the market since 1959. Although the Defense Department claims no deformed babies have been born to Americans stationed In Europe, this column found an Army couple whose deformed, two-year-old daughter was conceived In Germany. The mother had purchased tablets from a German pharmacy.

Now living in St. Paul, the couple requested that their Identity be withheld. However, they reported other servicemen probably bought the pills, too particularly if they lived any distance from an American post. The young parents described their heartbreak over the birth of their second baby with no legs and only stumps for arms. The tragedy perhaps Is increased by.

the fact that she is otherwise a normal, alert child already saying her first words. Two-thirds of (he deformed hnblcfl have survived, and almost all appear to be nortnal- ly Intelligent. This means they will grow up, like human penguins, fully aware of their horrible deformities. "My Initial reaction," says the father, "was that the child would have been better off born dead. But as time passed, my feelings changed.

"Actually, she has been a source ef joy to us." (Continued on Page Thirteen) ANDERSON US Economy Will Stand Still Unless Tax Cut 7s Voted By SYLVIA PORTER NEW YORK If we don't get a substantial across-the-board cut In individual and corporation income taxes at this session of Congress to stimulate spending and thereby give a new lift to business activity, what are we probably facing in the months ahead? A period of "standstill" In our economy. Describe it as a "pause" or "lull" or "near stagnation" or "sluggish expansion" 'or a "disappointingly slow rate of growth" or a "leveling off" or a "slide up" or "modest im- improvement" or "faltering advance" or "doldrums at a high level" or a "plateau at a high level" or a "loss of momentum." Whatever you -call It or however you describe it, the pattern emerging is one of "standstill" after only 17 months of mild advance from the fourth recession of post World War II. Standing at the highest levels ever in a dynamic economy such as ours would mean we're falling back. For our labor force is crowing rapidly year after year and unless the economy also grows rapidly, the jobs won't be available for workers entering the job market for the first time and for those whose jobs are erased by automation of their factories and offices. Under these conditions, our unemployment hasn't fallen even near to the 5 per cent level, much less dropped to the 4 per cent rate considered "tolerable would be climbing steadily again.

In many industries too, there is both excess and obsolete plant capacity and a pause would mean profits would be peaking out of declining. There is disturbing evidence the peaking out already may have occurred. At the same time, the deficit in our federal budget would soar, for the simple reason that paychecks and profits would not be producing sufficient taxes to cover the spending built into the budget. This isn't gloomy so many economic predictions for 1962 have been so far off base that economists can't be blamed for being wary of for- casting and readers can't be blamed for being skeptical about the accuracy of the forecasts. Nevertheless, the logic of the above lies in one key question: where is the stimulus to come from that would lift our economy out of its present state of standstill-pause- llull-near stagnation-sluggish panslon-you name It? The stimulus won't come from sharply raising spending by the federal government or states or cities.

The biggest rate of rise in federal government spending Is behind us; it gave our economy strength in 1961. State and local spending is still rising but not at (Continued on Page Thirteen) PORTER fa President Shows Marble Calm Amidst Wrangling In Capital EDITOR'S NOTE P. Kennedy li rounding MI! his second year ID the White House, halfway through the term ho narrowly won In What kind of Job he doing? How Is he holding up? la this first article In a five-part series, Associated Press reporter Rolnian Morln pictures UM President at midterm. By RELMAN MORIN WASHINGTON John P. Kennedy appears to be the best air-conditioned man in Washington these days.

While the political sirocco blows hot from Capitol Hill, Kennedy looks cool. He sits In rocking chair, crunching the ice from a soft drink, slowly smoking a thin cigar, examining the record he approaches mid-passage in his first term in the White House. There are no visible cracks In his marble calm. True, he flared up least for the Senate killed a bill providing health assistance for the aged. Before the Senate vote, however, he knew "medicare" stood little or no chance of passing the House this, year.

So now Kennedy It as an Issue in the November elections. He expecU to use it effectively. On other key measures, loo. conservative members of Ills own parly sided with the remarkably unified Republicans, Congress has been road-blocking the President. It shelved his farm bill, the general aid bill, his several requtuU (or stand-by powers, and a department of urban affairs.

But he feels frustrated, he show it. He talks optima Ucally. He says the record looks pretty good now and, hopefully, will be belter by the tune Con- grew adjourns. He bases this on the outlook for several pending bills that he considers supremely important. One is the Trade Expansion Aot.

It the President with authority to m-goiiate reciprocal reductions of tariffs on a broad ol would alfioct the future relations between the American producer and the European Common Market. The others we federal aid to higher education, and the youth employment opportunities act. When the box score for the 87th congressional session is complete, it will show the administration's hits, runs, errors, strikeouts and those pitches that some observers characterize as extremely wild. A year ago, Americans were talking about fallout shelters, and disturbing signs for western unity, Laos, South Vietnam and especially Berlin. Reservists were being called by the Army and Air Force.

The prestige of the United States had been damaged by the U2 case. Nearly 1.400 East Germans a day were pouring into West Berlin. Kennedy ordered a 1.500-man battle group to the city to reinforce the garrison of 5,000. In short, crisis was In the air and the focus of American attention was primarily overseas. Meanwhile, in Kennedy's first year, a recession ended.

Economic barometers began moving up in early spring. The recovery, however, has been slower than from two previous down-turns. Today, the economy, though big. is mushy. shows few signs of breaking through to the levels the administration predicted.

Employment Is high, but so Is unemployment, which 5.3 per cent of the labor force. Some economists another recession already Is on the horizon. Others, watching the same Indicators, say it isn't so. One view Is that the administration simply set sights wo high in terms ol the growth rate, reduction of unemployment, and gross national product. Per Jacobsson, managing director of the International Monetary Fund, put this way: "I think if it hadn't been for the published alms of higher figures, people would be rather proud of what has happened, and I think there a good chance this will continue." To Kennedy's the sharp break In ihe stock market iha "Kennedy cmh His own think most financial experts have realized for some time that an over-priced market could not hold up once investigators realized that inflation was ended." Kennedy has made special efforts to convince businessmen that he isn't anti-business.

But to many of them, If not most, he still wears that label, and he realizes it. Polls indicate that his popularity, once higher at 79 per cent than Dwight D. Eisenhower's, is still high but has slipped recently. His I were still 79 per cent after a very intense congressional session, I would feel that I had not met my responsibilities." The principal criticisms that you hear in Washington today sometimes cancel each other out. One man says, "He twlsU too many arms to get what he wants." But another tells you.

"He hasn't fought hard enough for his program." Conservatives accuse him of "financial irresponsibility" and being "socialistic," Liberals say he is more concerned (or the nation's gold reserves and the ance of payments than for people. To some, he is "vacillating" and "indecisive." To others, citing the steel case and Peru, he is "impetuous" and "heavy-handed Then, there are the thai he is "power hungry." "too doctrinaire," refuses compromise, and did not implement his campaign promises. These same differences of opinion appear among the Washington correspondents who. as a whole, are a singularly unsentimental, hard-nosed group. Some say Kennedy is doing pretty well.

Some say very well. Others, who once admired him hugely, have coured in varying degrees. Still others take a wait-and-see position. Well, this is an election year. In November, the critic who really have h.U opportunity to state That ha thinks of Kennedy and tils works.

Next: Profile of an irauou. Surinam Is An Exotic Find For The Robbs By INEZ ROfcB PARAMARIBO, Surinam. Do you dream of a never-never vacation land combining the mystery of the Par East: the majesty of Africa with its awesome jungles, mighty rivers and primitive tribal life; the romance of South America, including Its aborigines still anchored in the Stone Age; the culture of Europe and the latest plumbing direct from Chicago? Do you yearn to go on safari? Hunt wild boar, alligator and the three-toed sloth? Photograph jungle belles built like Djigmar and dressed like the Venus de Mllo? Shoot foaming white rapids? Ogle oriental beauties? Collect a gorgeous array of butterflies? Or orchids? And see a rainbow at least once a day? This Riant, economy-sized travel package, all rolled into one small country for handy- dandy convenience, is ready and waiting for the venturesome traveler who is looking (or the unbeaten path. Path? What path, chum? Here, you hack your own through the jungle as you got "Dear heaven, where is Surinam?" I asked my husband when he dropped the name into the conversation. It sounded somewhere East of Indonesia, where the best is like Bora Bora.

With the aid of a magnifying glass, I found Surinam at the northern beginning of the bulge of South America, neatly stashed between British Guiana or Demerara and French Guiana and Cayenne. "Why, it used to be Dutch Guiana," I said, a bit indignant that Its name had been changed behind my back. In 1954, when its colonial status ended and it became an autonomous partner of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, the name changed to Surinam, derived from one of its indigenous American tribes. "Happy is the land that has no history." Exotic Surinam has had none to speak of since she achieved control of her own destiny. Her transition from colonialism to a commonwealth status has been marked by neither unrest, political violence nor economic travail.

The adjustment has been smooth and painless compared with the violent birth pangs of new nations elsewhere. Surinam, about the size of Florida and with a population of approximately 330,000, is not a Latin American country in any sense except geographic. True, the Spanish discovered her, but the Dutch settled her, the English invaded her and, finally, at the Treaty of Breda in 1667 the Dutch literally foisted off Manhattan on the British in exchange for Surinam! (And threw away those $24 in beads!) The Spanish and Portugese never got so much as a toehold here. Today, because of the importation of slaves from Africa and eventually of indentured laborers from China, India and Java, the population of Surinam is an exotic and fascinating multicolored mosaic of many racial groups. It may surprise you as much as it did me to discover that Surinam Is, in large part, an oriental enclave in this hemisphere.

More than 50 per cent of her population consists of Hindustani, Javanese and Chinese. Her populated areas are dotted with Hindustani temples, Muslim mosques and tong headquarters. Although the largest single group in the population is officially designated as Creole (any mixture of Negro, Dutch, English, Spanish, Portuguese, the combined oriental communities, descendants of the Indentured servants of old, far outnumber the Creoles. There are less than 5,000 Europeans In Surinam and only 60 Americans. An hour spent In Paramaribo's big public market, sprawling along the "city" bank of the Surinam river, will convince any visitor that the United States as a melting pot can't hold a candle to Surinam.

It even makes the United Nations seem a bit tepid, especially when the pale copper Amerindian whose roots are still in the Stone Age and the Bush Negro, descendants of slaves who escaped to the jungle and live an ancient African tribal existence, come to market to trade their beads and wood carvings. MAY FIRE STRIKERS LONDON Ford Motor Co. threatened today to fire 335 wildcat strikens at Ford's big factory at Dagenham, Essex, unless they return to work. The strike has idled 6,000 other workers and cost production of about 8,000 autos. The strikers walked out Monday protesting the transfer of 15 workers.

Myth Substituted For Reality In Southeast Asia By RICHARD STARNES NEW YORK An American lately returned from bloody, tormented Southeast Asia is appalled to find that myth has largely been substituted for reality In making United States policy in that part of the world, and that glib assumptons hm replaced the harsh, unyielding truth. This we bear in shocked disbelief that the dismal articles of surrender for Laos have somehow become a "good" agreement, that the remote, authoritarian regime in South Vietnam can somehow wean the people away from the Communist guerrillas, that in some mysterious fashion the Hanoi government of Ho Chi minh Is in trouble. Indeed we even hear that mainland China Itself is being stalked by the. twin spectres of famine and insurrection. We are told that we can win the guerrilla war in South Vietnam the same way the British won their war against guerillas in Malaya.

We even learned in sad bewilderment that Washington believes that mass support from the. civilian population is no longer a vital condition of successful guerrilla George Orwell himself cmltf not have fabricated a grisly collection of love IS hate, war Is peace doublethink such as the fables and misconceptions being propagated with respect to Southeast Asia. If all that was involved was the endless waste of countless billions of dollars of foreign aid. one could perhaps shrug off this campaign of calculated deceit and foolish wishful thinking. But American lives are being lost in the jungles and rice paddies of Indochina and there is every chance that many more will be lost before it's over.

What is the truth? Where does unpleasant reality end arid glib fiction begin? Take, for example, the wholly false and cynical analogy that drawn between the successful war against guerrillas in Malaya and the unsuccessful war we are backing in South Vietnam. In Malaya the guerrillas were Chinese who drew their support from a small part of the Chinese community. Itself a minority of the popula- STARNES (Continued on Page 13) Jttfu, GsyLnA. QL Oldsters In Need Of Some Program Of Medical Insurance By ROBERT PETERSON NEW YORK President Kennedy's proposed medicare bill has been shelved for the time being by the U. S.

Senate. But I'm confident a majority of Americans favor better health care provisions than presently exist for our elder citizens. My thoughts on the subject emerged in clear focus three years ago when I interviewed a retired sales clerk of 72 whose wife barely survived a terrible bout with cancer. In the wake of long hospitalization, three sessions of surgery, private duty nurses, and costly drugs and rays, the family next egg of some $6,500 was completely wiped out. Also wiped out were dreams of motor trips down South, and mountain vacations, and gifts for the grandchildren.

Instead this couple faced the grim reality lhat the rainy day for which (hey saved had arrived with a vengeance and drowned the pleasures and security they had hoped to enjoy in their retirement years. My column about that couple elicted a letter from financier Bernard Baruch who wrote me that he believed, "A form of compulsory health insurance can be devised, adequately safeg arded without involving what has been termed 'socialized Many righteously contend that existing Ken- Mills legislation offers adequate protection to elders since it will pay medical expenses of elders who have no money. But what about those who have a little money saved next egg of perhaps $5,000 or $6,000 such as the couple They are not eligible. Only after their nest egg is exhausted and they have taken a pauper's oath are they eligible for assistance from this legislation. Some physicians and hospitals, of course, attempt to be lenient in hardship cases.

They may work out arrangements "within the means" of the individual. But all too often this meane they take what you've got. And I claim it's wrong. It would be fine if private health Insurance could be devised to Insure elders against the cost of serious illness. But existing private plans suffer from one or more deficiencies: either they exclude some elders, or they offer limited benefits, or they cost more than most elders can afford to pay.

I hate (axes as much as anyone, but the only additional (ax I would glady pay one earmarked to cover costs which arise when people particularly older people so unfortunate as to be stricken with serious, costly illnesses, Many are disturbed by the administration's proposal to offer medicare to all social-security recipients regardless of need. "It infuriates me," a woman wrote. "to think of any of MY social security taxes going to pay the hospital bills of that rich old codger who lives next door to me." But there aren't many rich old codgers to worry about. The statistics showing that more than two- thirds of our 17 million past 65 have incomes well under $2,000 a year should scotch any rumors of wealth among a majority of ers. It would be fine if we could somehow screen out the rich old codgers and make them ineligible for medical benefits under the proposed bill.

But the screening out process would probably cost more than the end savings, and would automatically cast a stigma of charity on those who were eligible. If you would like a booklet "Tips on Stretching Retirement Income" write to this column in care of THE DAILY REPUBLIC enclosing a stamped, self addressed envelope and ten cents to cover handling costs. THE DAILY REPUBLIC AN INDEPENDENT NEWSPAPER The Mitchell Publishing Company: Florence K. Ronald, President; Joyce Ronald Smith, Vice President; Richard K. Ronald, Treasurer; E.

M. Brady. tary and Executive Editor; Bale Raber. Director. MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS The Associated Press is entitled exclusively to use for re-publication all the local news printed in this newspaper, as well as all AP news, under the Act of March 1879.

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