The Tennessean from Nashville, Tennessee • Page 1

a a a THE NASHVILLE TENNESSEAN -No. 313. FOLL ASSOCIATED REPORT PRESS OF A NASHVILLE, TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH 18, 1930. EIGHTEEN PAGES PRICE THREE CENTS ON TRAINS FIVES PARROT FEVER CLOSES U. S.

LABORATORY TENNESSEE SETS HIGH INCOME TAX TOTAL FOR 1929 But $500,000 Short of 1928. Figures Despite Big Slump. PASSES FORECAST Federal Officials Declare Prosperity Evidenced by Returns. Tennesseans were prosperous during 1929 and the state as whole enjoyed a prosperity greater than many other Southern states and equal to any other state i in the South according to the income tax collections barometer. Figures made public late Monday afternoon by Collector Frank W.

Donaldson showed that from March 1 to March inclusive, 1930 there was paid $2,348,634.13 in income taxes by Tennesseans as compared with $3,220,995.28 of the same period in 1929. According to these figures there was Monday night a shortage of $872,361.15 which will be reduced by some $300,000 this morning when taxes of those filing late are included. The decrease in the collections this year will be slightly over 000 in the opinion of Collector Donaldson, which is much below the decrease of a million dollars at first predicted. The decrease is national this year as Congress in 1929 lowered the rate of payment. According to the national reduction of some $160,000,000 made by the decrease in rates, allowing for shortage of more than $3,300,000 in each state.

As a numerical basis, Tennessee has made an excollent, March report, 17, the 1929, the collector taxes said. deposited from the internal revenue department here amounted to 207.49 while deposits Monday of this year were $966,669.59 which 1s $150,461.88 in excess. E. V. Wilson, inspector of this district which includes Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi and Louisiana, said Monday that according to his information Tennessee's income tax collections have far outstripped those Mississippi and Alabama.

Thus far, only Kentucky and Louisiana' may compare with Tennessee according to Mr. Wilson and it is his opinion that on be found to have been the heaviest tax paver in his district. Already deputies of the department here and at" the branch offices in Knoxville, Memphis and Chattanooga have been sent out by Collector Donaldson to check on those people who did not file in(Continued on Page 5) THE WEATHER For Nashville and vicinity: Probably colder occasional showers Tuesday; somewhat Shippers: Within radius of 100 miles of Nashville during, the next 36 hours expect minimum temperatures of from 46 to 48 degrees. HOURLY TEMPERATURES Weather Bureau Unofficial Noon a. m.

65 3 p. m. 69 p. m. 67 11 66 m.

71 D. m. 66 m. 60 p. m.

70 9 2 p. m. 70 6 p. m. 68.

19 p. D. m. 64 WASHINGTON FORECAST TENNESSEE-Rain with colder in went colder and central portion Tuesday: much Tuesday and night: Wednesday probably clearing colder. ALABAMA Wednesday Thundershowers Tuesday: nrobably showers, colder.

KENTUCKY-Rain and colder Tuesday: much colder Tuesday night: Wednesday clearing and colder. WEATHER RECORDS Weather Bureau report for the is 24 hours ending at 7 o'clock last night as follows: Highest temperature, 71 degrees; lowest. 58. The mean temperature for the day was 15 degrees above normal. So tar this month there has been an excess of 18 degrees, Since Jan.

1 the excess 1s 177 degrees. Amount of precipitation 0 inch. The total for this month to date 1.95 Inches, which is .89 inch less than the normal. The total precipitation for the vear to date is 9.45 Inches, or 2.28 inches less than the normal. Sun rise 5:53.

Sun set 5:57. Total hours 12 min. 06. Barometer (sea level), 7 30.03: 7 p. 29.87.

WEATHER TABLE Washington. March 17-(AP)-Weather records of temperature and rainfall for the 24 hours ending at 8 D. in the principal cotton growing areas, and elsewhere: Station High Low Pree. Alpeana 52 34 Asheville 58 44 .04 Atlanta 66 54 .18 Atlantic City 64 40 Birmingham 72 58 .01 Chicago 54 54 .10 Denver 26 .10 Detrolt 64 50 HI Paso 61 50 Galveston 70 62 Jacksonville 70 58 West 80 70 .01 Little Rock 68 56 Los 'Angeles Memphis 67 A 72 62 tiami 76 68 Mobile 48 60 New Orleans 7G 60 New York 54 38 San Antonio 76 64 .02 San Francisco 62 48 Tampa 76 Vicksburg 68 60 Wilmington 72 52 oi RIVEN FORECAST. The Cumberland river will all points during the next 36 ours.

RIVER BULLETIN. Observations at 7 n. local stand. ard time. STATIONS Height Change Last Houri Rising 8 Falling Hours Rainfall 34 Cumb.

R. Burnside, Ky. 50 8.1 Celina, Tenn. 45 Carthage 40 NASHVILLE Clarksville Eddyville Tenn. R.

Knoxville Chattanooga 33 Florence, Ala. 18 Johnson villa 31 Senate Dignity Is Disrupted by 'Obscene' Books Washington, March 17-(P) Surrounded by about two score foreign books barred from circulation in country under censorship provisions of the present tariff law, Senate for almost six hours tonight debated a by Senator Reed Smoot, Republican, Utah, to tighten provisions for excluding such books. question argued was whether the literature and other "immoral articles" should be "stopped at the port" the judgment of customs, inspector, or "taken the determination; and whether importation of. such books should be made a substantive crime. Debators on both sides deplored such books.

Senator' Smoot called for the books early in the afternoon- and immediately the solemn dignity of the Senate chamber gave way to major and minor disturbances. There was a surging of senators from both sides of the aisle toward the desk of Senator Watson of Indiana, the Republican leaders, as Senator Smoot's secretary laid the volumes down there. Some richly bound, others In paper covers, the books had been pointed to by ator Smoot as "too vulgar to ba quoted in open session." Immedlately they were taken over by the senators and given general circulation in the chamber. Senator Borah, the Idaho Republican, took a weighty tome and placing his feet on top of his desk, settled down to peruse it-until in the noise of twitters from the galleries and talking on the floor, he realized he was the center of attention. He placed his feet on the floor, but continued reading grimly foena few moments.

he walked out, the volume (Continued on Page 5) CAPONE AND CLINE WALK TO LIBERTY; HOODWINK CROWD Leave One Prison as Throng Waits at Gate of Another. Philadelphia, March 17- (P) Alphonse Capone and his bodyguard, Frank Cline, walked to freedom today from the' new state prison at Gratesford, while hundreds of curious men, women and children, newspaper men and photographers awaited their release in front of the eastern state penitentlary in this. city, 30 miles away, Announcement that the Chicachieftain. and his pal had gang been released at 4 p. m.

was made four hours later by Herbert Smith, warden of the Eastern penitentiary. With the exception of prison officials. no one saw Capone and Cline emerge from the penitentiNone of the officials would ary. state what means they had left Gratersford and all professed igas to their destination. The notorious Chicago racketeer and his bodyguard had served months of a year's sentence tor ten loaded pistols.

Two carrying months were cut from their terms account of good behavior, makon them eligible for release last ing midnight in their release was due Delay to the absence of a winter vacation of Gov. John Fisher, whose signed approval was necessary. The governor returned to Harrisburg from the West Indies last night and signed the papers today. The documents were taken to Gratersford by motor cars. As curiosity seekers and newspaper men continued to hang about the Eastern penitentiary gates, Warden Smith stepped outside and said: "What's the use in you people standing around here? We certainly stuck one in your eye that time.

"The big guy went out from here at 6 o'clock this morning. We shot him away in a brown automobile, direct to the new Eastern penitentiary at Gratersford. "We had a a a a a perfect right to do that. it's a part of our institution and we didn't need any court Dapers. "I went to Harrisburg and got the govern's signature to the release papers and they were brought back by Frank Hay, secretary of the board of pardons.

The papers reached the prison about 4 o'clock (Continued on Page 5) WICKERSHAM 2.75 BEER NO CURE FOR ROBUST TASTE Belittles Proposals for It; Sees Enforcement Improving. IS FOR TRANSFER Gets Reports of Corruption But Can't Find Any. Washington, March 17-(P)- Speaking up after eight months' study of the dry law and its workings, Chairman Wickersham, of the Hoover law enforcement commission, reported today a "steady improvement" in prohibition and belittled the proposal for 2.75 per cent beer as. failing to meet the "robust tastes." The commission chairman halted his wearisome into the problems of examination, America's laws to speak, freely to the Senate judiciary committee in executive session and then to newspapermen. His optimistic view of enforcement believed at the capitol to have darkened the prospects for Senate investigation of the situation.

as has been proposed A by Senetor Norris, Republican, Nebraska. The Nebraskan said after the session Wickersham, however. that hav still saw "plenty of room for improvement." He announced he would call up his resolution, next Monday for a vote. Makes No Amplification. Smiling broadly, Wickersham expressed his opinions in sponse to questioning by newspapermen.

Asked what he thought about bills for 2.75 beer, he said simply, "I don't think that beer will satisfy the robust tastes." He made no amplification and declined to go into any discussion of the merits of this legislation of the dry law. he promised to have another report Before the Judiciary committee, from the commission and he believed it would give a comprehensive picture of prohibition conditions. He said it was outside the province of the cummission pass Judgment on a Senate investiga(Continued on Page 5) De RIVERA RITES TO BE SAME AS IF HE DIED DICTATOR Honors Planned for Exile Surpassed Only for Dead Royalty. Madrid, March. 17-(P)-Funeral honors surpassed only by those rendered a Spanish sovereign will be accorded former Premier Primo De Rivera, who dominated Spain for six years but died an exile in Paris.

The cabinet decided today, that Primo should be buried the same ceremonials he would have had if he had been premier when he died. or as a captain- -general dying in active command of forces. Premier Damaso Berenguer and his ministers officially resolved that their predecessor deserved this honor and paid tribute to his patriotic services, emphasizing particularly his ending of the Mo- roccan trouble. Ministers Meet Train When the train bearing the body from France crosses the border it will be met by the ministers of Primo's cabinet, high officials of union, relatives, and representatives. of cabineking They and will accompany it to Madrid.

Plans are to take casket from the "Norte" station at 10 a. m. Wednesday in the presence of the cabinet, royal representatives, high officials, grandees of Spain, church dignitaries and the diplomatic corps. Masses will be said at special altars in the Then with the coffin draped in the national colors and with a Spanish flag over Primo's breast, an artillery caisson will begin the slow march to San Isedro cemetery, Troops from all branches of military service will line the route of march, rendering military honors. The king's representative, probably one of Don Jaime, (Continued on Page 5) Doheny, on Stand, Tells of Early Life As Book Agent, Waiter, Mule Skinner Bankrupt Once as Result of Supporting Bryan for President, Then Built Another Fortune.

Washington, March Facing the Jury, which will be called upon to decide whether he is a briber, Edward L. Doheny looked back over his 73 years of life today to recall adventurous episodes and to describe as loan that $100.000 transaction between him and Albert B. Fall in 1921 through which the government charges he corrupted the former secretary of the interior. The wealthy oll man, whose hair has whitened by the years, spoke directly to the nine men and three women in the jury box. He was still on the stand when the Now, to Make Him Drink NATURAL AND DEMAND STABILIZATION FARM.

BOARD SMOKE SCREEN TO HIDE ARMS MEET DEMISE INDICATED Optimistic Statements Questioned; Close Up Laborite Urges. (Universal Service Special Cable) London, March 17-The government of Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald was advised by Commander J. M. Kenworthy, prominent member of the Labor party in the House of Commons today, to "close up" the London naval conterence. The conference was attacked at the same time by Winston ChurchIll.

former chancellor of the exchequer, and pillar of the tive party, who condemned Britain's willingness to to a minimum when all other nations represented demand maximum While all delegations to the conference appear to be mustering strength to carry on their program toward the 'goal for which they came to the conference, correspondents tonight are asking themselves whether a smoke screen Is being raised diligently before the corps of the five-power parley. Kenworthy Attack Vigorous Commander Kenworthy, speaking in the House of Commons during debate on the naval estimates for this year, was vigorous in his attack. "The conference is a terrible failure," he said. "The government should acknowledge its failure, It would be better to close up the conference now and part friends. declaring a five-year building holiday and adjourning the conference definitely." The British official spokesman tonight followed out Prime Minister McDonald's brand of optimism, however--worn a little thin by this time -by saying: "There will be no breakdown.

The conference is determined to achieve (Continued on Page 5) WOMAN TRIES TWICE TO COMMIT SUICIDE Mrs. J. O. Brady Taken to Two Hospitals Despondent over the death of her husband five months ago, Mrs. J.

0. Brady, 82, 1818 Ninth avenue, north, attempted to commit' sulcide twice Monday night, by swallowing poison. Mrs. Brady took two separate doses of the poison shortly before 9 o'clock, the first only making her sick, however, the second took effect more seriously and was feared that she would lose her. life before medical attention could be obtained.

W. E. Patterson, the uncle, of the woman, and residing at Sixteenth avenue, south, took her, to Dozer's hospital. The resident physician was not at the hospital when he arrived and she was taken to General hospital. NAMES DELEGATES Governor Horton Monday night announced the "appointment of delegates to represent the state at the Southern forestry conference in Memphis April 10-12.

The delegates are Ed Vestal, Knoxville; C. M. Willingham, Chattanooga; Bruno Gernt, Allardt; George N. Welch, Campaign; Hall Hagemeyer, Oneida; S. C.

Ewing, Henry E. Colton, Stanley Horn, Alfred Farris and Henderson Baker, all of Nashville, and J. C. Raine, Cottage. Grove, OVER SCORE DIE IN PANIC AS SHIP BURNS; 10 SAVED Some Leap Off Fiery Craft Into Flaming Oil on Water.

SKIPPER IS HERO Passengers Caught in Beds Try to Escape by Portholes. Bogota, Columbia, March 17-(P) -More than a score of passengers and many of the crew of the river steamer St. Amer Bucaramanga lost their lives today when the boat's cargo of petroleum caught fire in dock at La Dorado, on the Magdalena river. The ship was destroyed, Only ten of a passenger list to more than 30 thoughts rescued. dumbest of the crew, including Capt.

Antonio Velez, perished. Others Stand By Helplessly Other steamers in La Dorado harbor stood helplessly by, afraid to come to the rescue because of the explosive nature of the Bucaramanga's, cargo. Everyone but the night watch and a few of the crew was asleep when flames suddenly burst out the boat. Trapped in their beds, men and women became panic stricken and trampled each other to reach Those who succeeded leaped into the river, the midst anther blaze, the only to find. themselves in flames having spread to petroleum floating in the water.

Others tried to squeeze through portholes while the fire, ted by (Continued on Page! 5) 0. E. S. TO OPEN MEETING TODAY; OVER 500 HERE Banquet On Monday Night Given as Prev liminary. More than 500 delegates to thirannual convention of the tieth Grand Chapter of the Eastern Star, which will convene here at the Scottish Rite Temple for three days this week, will get down to the business of the convention Tuesday morning as the first session will be called to order.

Fully 400 guests were served at the dinner in the Scottish Rite Monday night, Following the dinner, an entertainment program was presented, the feature of the being a series of "living portraits," in which officers of the had mounted on a platform, order stood, in a large frame which while colored lights were thrown on them from the back of the room, A dance, with music a local orchestra, ended the program for Monday night. The delegates have been ing from all points in state since Sunday, and following the registration period Monday at the Scottish Rite temple, over 500 had registered for the convention. Dr. W. H.

Niestedt, of Memphis, chairman of the credentials committee, was in charge of the registration. Long before the appointed time for the beginning of registration, a long line had formed through the main corridor of the temple at Eighth avenue and Broad street, and as the column moved toward the registration table, late comers constantly added to the stream. Shortly after lunch, the delegates gathered at the temple, and were taken to the Masonic home in automobiles for an inspection. Monday night, all of the out-of-town delegates were the guests of the Nashville chapters of Eastern Star at banquet at the Scottish Rite temple. Sessions Start Today.

Mrs. Frances 8. Pickering, of Carthage, worthy grand matron for 1928-1929, will call the convention (Continued on Page 5) Daniel L. Leary, Fa ther Ryan High Principal to Head Woman's College Second Layman to Head Catholic School for Women; Institution Located in Kansas. Daniel L.

Leary, for the last five years principal of Father Ryan high school, which he organized for Bishop Smith, Monday. night accepted an appointment as president of St. Mary's college, Leavenworth, a standard college for women. Mr. Leary is the second layman in the United States to be president of Catholio college for women.

He was notified of his appointment by telegram Monday afternoon. He expects to take up his new duties as soon as his work in Nashville is completed for the year, which probably will be the latter part of August. St. Mary's college is member of the North Central association of colleges. The erection of a new building was MALADY ATTACKS 11 DOCTORS DOING RESEARCH WORK Puts Temporary Halt to Public Health Service Activity.

STILL BAFFLED 3 of Those Afflicted Never in Contact With Birds. GOLDEN ROD TO GIVE RUBBER SUPPLY IN 5 YEARS, EDISON SAYS Guards Health to Continue 14-Hour Work Day Until Job Is Completed. Fort Myers, March 11-(P)- Thomas Edison does not expect to live to be 100 years old. but does expect to stay in the harness of busy life until machinery has been completed for production of emergency rubber from golden rod, which soon will be planted on large scale at the Henry Ford plantation near Savannah, Ga. The 83-year-old inventor said today that he expects to continue working an average of 14 hours day nutil his latest and "toughest" problem is solved.

"Give five more years and the United States will have a rubber crop which can be utilized in less than 12 months time," said Mr. Edison, He added that guarded his health by strict diet and protection from inclement weather. He will remain in Florida until about June 15. Asked when large scale planting nf goden rod is planned at the Ford plantation, Mr. Edison pointed, to draughtsmen working in the laboratory and replied, "Right now I am working on machinery to extract commercial rubber from golden rod.

When the machinery is ready, we will start large scale' planting. Golden rod is a wonderful plant. We have discovered a variety that grows ten feet above a man's head, but. by cross-breeding, we will produce a plant carrying eight per cent fine grade rubber. That will be practical for an emerency crop." Mr.

Edison said he agreed with Mr. Ford's recent statement that man does not touch his reserve strength and scientific knowledge is in its infancy. He does nut think man has "tapped" the full extent of his brain power. "I hear they have discovered new planet." said Mr. Edison.

"That's wonderful. There is hope civilization as long as man probes into the unknown and keeps experimenting." Commenting further on his health. Mr. Edison said he was living on a milk diet and at present was sleeping about seven hours a day. "When I was a baby," he said, "I lived on milk and didn't like it- Now, I have come back to milk again.

That's funny." Kidnaped Man -Returns Probe Will Be Continued Asbury Park, N. March UP) The return today of Samuel Barron, New York real estate broker, who was held prisoner for nearly five days by three kidwill not close the police investigation of the case, 1t was announced tonight by John J. Quinn, Monmouth county prosecutor. Quinn said he had "definite clues" to several suspects and expected, to make arrests within a few days. Patrolman Injured By Auto on Woodland Patrolman Steve Bennett, 70 year old veteran of the Nashville police force, was slightly injured Monday at midnight when he was struck by an automobile driven by B.

M. Bransford, 2901 Belmont boulevard, at First and Woodland streets. The patrolman's right leg was broken but hospital authorities said that his condition was not serious. Bransford was arrested, Washington, March (P) Affliction of eleven public health service employes with psittacosis has necessitated temporary abandonment of the laboratory, where efforts were being made to discover the cause of the strange malady contracted from parrots. Surgeon -General Cumming said tonight that 10 of the 11 afflicted were regularly employed at the hygienic laboratory.

Dr. Ludvik Hektoen, University of Chicago, one of the last to be stricken. was conducting research work there. While, seriously 111, surgeon said, Dr. Hektoen was slightly improved tonight.

Cumming said health authoritien, method were of still communication baffled as to of the disease, since some of those now sick were never in contact with the dead parrots being perimented with. "At least three of the doctors now 111," he asserted, "were never within. 30 feet of the psittacosis laboratory." "Perhaps the parrot fever germs were carried by dust or perhaps by insects. The entire laboratory, from cellar to chimney. has already been fumigated and then sprayed with bichloride of mercury." The surgeon- general added that the extreme communicableness of the disease was definitely established, and that most of the research activities of the laboratory had been moved to other buildIngs.

The laboratory will be fumigated again, he said, adding that he felt many of the workers there had already been endangered because of the crowded quarters in which thy were housed. For the first time since the public health service began Its investigation months ago, when the first outbreak of the disease caused several deaths, work on cultures from dead parrots has been stopped, the surgeon general made known. Many of those conducting the work either are recovering or are now afflicted with the disease, he said. They are being treated, and with apparent success, he added, with a serum made up partially from blood taken from other victims of the disease. The laboratory's work also has resulted in the isolation of a virus from the blood of sick parrots with which 1s possible to infect well birds.

Public health officials state frankly, however. that much remains to be learned concerning the disease, its communication and cure for those afflicted. One death has already occurred among the hygienic laboratory attendants. It was that of Harry Anderson, who in direct communication with the sick birds. FERDINAND KUHN, MERCHANT, K.

C. ORGANIZER, DIES Active in Civic Affairs, Head of Ball Club Two Seasons. Ferdinand Emery Kuhn, 60, 2004 Terrace Place, known as the "Father of the Knights of Columbus" in the South, and retired shoe merchant, died at St. Thomas hospital Monday afternoon at 2:15 o'clock, following an Illness of several months. Prominent in a number of civic enterprises in the city, Mr.

Kuhn's death came as a shock to his wide circle of friends here. Mr. Kuhn retired last fall, when the firm which he headed, Kuhn, Cooper and Geary, was dissolved. He was the founder of that organization, and during his service with it, saw it develop from a small concern to the leading shoe tablishment in the city. Born and educated in this city, he received his grammar school education in the city schools of Nashville, graduating later from the old Hume high shool.

He later attended Notre Dame university and graduated there in the class of 1885 with highest honors. During his days of studentship at Notre Dame, Mr. Kuhn was an outstanding athlete, having served the captain of the rowing squad for two years. When he returned to his home here, Mr. Kuhn became active in church work, organizing the a local chapter of the Knights of Columbus and later extending the order further into the South.

His activity in establishing chapters of the K. of earned for him the name of "The (Continued on Page 5) DuPonts Report New Plant May Be Built This Year Erection of another cellophane plant at Old Hickory is being considered for 1930 by the duPont interests with headquarters at Wilmington, Del. according to a telegram addressed to A. L. Twing.

manager of the cellophane plant at Old Hickory, confirming the exannouncement of the tact elusive, Tennessean Monday morning. Mr. Twing was informed in the telegram that expenditure of 000,000, which would approximately, double the present cellophane plant, is being considered. The present cellophane plant was built in 1929 as a part of the general expansion program the DuPont company and its subsidiaries. Cellophane is a synthetio transparent paper product used for wrapping various types of products.

HARPETH HILLS HUNT MAKES CAST TODAY Many Out of Town Guests Attend. session ended. The appearance climaxed a day of defense testimony intended to show that navy department Initiated the Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, oil storage plant, which resulted in a lease of the Elk Hills reserve to a Doheny company The government maintains that Doheny bribed Fall for the Elk Hills lease. Tomorrow government counsel will attack his of the $100,000 "loan" in Doheny was calm and self-possessed on the stand, answering questions in a low voice. Frequentty, he smiled broadly and his eyes (Continued on Page 5) recently completed at an cost of $750,000.

The college was organized in 1860. Mr. Leary holds the degree of master of arts from Peabody college. His undergraduate studies were taken at Creighton University, Omaha, where he recelved his A. B.

degree. Later he did graduate work at the University of South Dakota, the University of Chicago and Columbia university In New York. Following his graduation from college, Mr. Leary was for ten years a superintendent in the publie schools of South Dakota. Later he went to St.

Mary's college, Winona, as director of education. He came from Minnesota to Nashville to organize Father Ryan high school. Mr. Leary la married and has one child, a two-year-old sole: An early morning hunt was held today by members and guests of Harpeth Hills Hunt in honor of Miss Hope Yandell of Greenwich, Conn, who, with Mrs. Louis Bryant of Danville, 1s a guest of Mr.

and Mrs. John Gourley. Hounds were cast at Segg'a south of the club, by J. M. Hougland, master of the fox hounds of Harpeth Hunt.

Among the other guests were Mr. and Mrs. George Greenhalgh Toledo, John Kirkinkilloch of Scotland, new governor of Grasslands, and Mrs. Kirkinkilloch: Tom Bradford, 277 Park avenue, New York City, and Lowry Watkine of Louisville, Ky. JUNIOR C.

O. C. BOARD MEETS The board of governors of the Junior Chamber of Commerce will hold its monthly meeting at o'clock tonight on the fifth floor of the Chamber of Commerce, 80- cording to an announcement by John S. Cullum, president.