State Indiana Sentinel from Indianapolis, Indiana • Page 3

Loiter from Texas. The steamship, John S. McKitn Lewis; arrived at New Orleans on the 13th" instant, bringing Galveston dates to the 9th. The nomination cf Mr. Terrell, as Charge d' Affairs to Greit Britain, and of Sir.

Reilly, as Charge to the United States, hare been rejected by the Senate, in consequence, it is understood, vf the hostility of those gentlemen to the proposed incorporation cf Texas into the Federal Union. A correspondence has been published between 3Ir. Donaldson, U. S. Charge d'ASuirs and the Government of Texas, mainly on the subject of annexation, together with a report of tlie House on the same topic.

JMr. Donaldson expresses all con fdence in tlie ultimate success of the measure, and earnestly hopes the people of Texas will nut abandon it on account of the defeat of the late treaty. In reply, he is answered by the Government of Texas, that this question will not be ailectcd by any oppos inj or unfavorable action on tlie part of the Executive of Texas." Nine Ereinen, vessel Lave arrived at Galveston since the 1st of November, with an average of one hundred and fifty passengers. It is computed that 1500 German emigrants have arrived within three or four months, and many others are understood to be on their way. Jose Antonio Navarro, the last of the Texan Santa Fe prisoners, vrhd recently escaped from Mexico, Ins been treated with marked honors and attentions wherever he has appeared in Texa.

The Civilian says His father was a Corican of good birth, and, what is worthy of remark, was born under the same roof with that prodigy of the lrJrnan race Napoleon Bonaparte." Nothing definite in relation to the navy had transpired in the Texan Congress. The committee on Com. Moore's case had reported, recommending his restoration to office and the payment of his pro rata of the last year's appropriation. The difficulty between Gen. Green and Freident Jones has been adjusted.

The Galveston and Houston papers express great anxiety for annexation. IIexicoHcrcstiii. The EI Dorado brought us, last evening. New Orleans papers of the ISth. The Picayaune has news from Mexico as late as the 13d.

That paper says of Santa Anna letter of supplication for mercy, dated in his Perote prison, that it is one of the most humiliating documents which we ever read. He begs for his life as pitifully as when on 'his kness, at San Jacinto, he and the valorous Gen. Cos supplicated Sam Houston for mercy a degradation which Gen. Almonte, in the same emergency, scorned with the spirit of a man. In this communication to the Chambers, Santa Anna recalls to the minds of the members, in the most vainglorious manner, the services which he has rendered He dwells particularly upon tlie actions of the -eleventh of September, 182J, and the fifth of December, He repeatedly alludes to his wounds received in battle, to his mutilated person, and prays like a hound that what little blood he has left in him may be spared.

He insists that in all his acts, from the very outset of the revolution against Spanish rule, he has had in view the interests and glory of Mexico alone not personal aggrandizement. Oh, no he never once thought of himself while sending stolen money to foreign countries He admits that he may have erred in the adoption of measures, but he claims that all bis errors have been those of judgment only. Hjs acknowledges that the recent revolution is now consummated; he yields to the general will, renounces the Presidency, and is anxious to atone for whatever he may have done of evil by voluntary expatria tion, and the consequent loss of property and of friends. What will be done with the miserable coward in adversity and tyrant in power, is not yet known. A letter to the Picayune says, should he not be punish ed with all the rigor of the laws, another revolution against the actual governmeut would no doubt be the result.

The communications from the Northern Depart meats of Mexico are tili replete with Indian out rages, lhe government continues to express a desire to repel the audacious outrages which have been in flicted upon the inhabitants cf that distant section of country. No progress "been made in the trials of the ex Ministers, Bocanegra aad Basadre, and of the ex-Pre- M-nipi irr-r Eiislaiisl and California. It would appear from the following, which we find in a late number of the New York Journal of Commerce, that a scheme has been in progress between Santa Anna and the British Government, to put the latter in possession of that valuable territory bordering on the Pacific Ocean, known as California. The Washington correspondent of tlie above paper, under Cite oi tue l7th says I have tJiis day learned, from an unquestionable source, that at the time of Santa Anna fall, a treaty was is progress and nearly consummated, for the entire cession of California, or New Mexico, to Great Brit ain, it only beinr defeated by the fall of Santa Anna It seems that papers and documents were found on his person when captured, fully confirmatory of the fact, information of which has reached our ffovernment- It thus appears that while was indirectly opposing tlie annexation of Texas, she was at the same time negotiating for the acquisition of a country still i i i i uiviv c.iciiivc ouu vaiuauie. can rancisco is saiu to be one of the finest bays and safest harbors on the coast of the Pacific.

With the possession cf that fine harbor, tngland could control tha commerce of the whole coast of the Pacific ocean, reaching from Cali fornia to the possessions of Russia. It is said that our government have suspected some design of this character on the part of Great Britain. for some time past but could never get hold of any thing tangiDie on tne suoject until now. Uns news will necessarily create surprise and attract attention among our people. San Marino, a small Republic in Italy, between the Appenines, the Poland and the Adriatic, is the oldest republic on earth.

From a letter from G. W. Irving Esq. to the American Quarterly Review, we learn that San Marino i only forty miles in circumference, and its population is about 7,000. The Republic was more than 1,400 years ago, on moral principles, industry and equality, and has preserved its liberty and independence amidst all the fvars and discords which have raged around it Bonaparte respected it, and sent an embassy to express i sentiments of friendship and fraternity.

It is governed by a Captain Regent chosen every six months by the representatives of the people, (sixty-six in number,) who are chosen every six mouths by the people. The taxes are light, the farm houses are neat, the fields well cultivated, anJ on all side? are seen comfort and peace, the happy effects of morality, simplicity, liberty and justice. "VIio is James K. Polk." This question, in the ain? of which bo many Whig spouters made quite ridiculous last summer, has at length been officially and finally answered. On the Kth the Senator" and.

Representatives in Congress assembled together in Representative. Hall, and in the presence of gallartes proceeded tp break he "teals and count the otes fjr President and Vice PjesideuV After a careful calculation and eompaison vf -figures, it was reported to the Presideet.of tie Seaite. Manrrum. that James K. PoJk was President and George M.

Dallas Vice iyesjdent of the United States. Whereupon, M. f-iangurn had tlie indescribable mortification aaouncing the defeat of his great leader, Henry Ciay, and th brilliant triumph of tlie unknown Jamea K. I'olk. A committee of three was appointed convey to CoL I'olk and Mr.

Dallas the official result. Mesr.s. Walker, Boyd and Burke performed this duty and received for answer, that the two sue cestui gentlem.pq would cheerfully and gratefully accept thir office and faithfully discharge tlieir duties. The question, is, thu settled. Xasville Union.

Santa. Anna in Mexico. gesthjiaan just from the city of Mexico, informs the editor! of the New Orleans Picayune that it is those who have not witnessed it, to conceive'be ull measure of indignity which is now leaped upep head of the tyrant- Santa Anaa hinvelf the treatment he received in Texas, while a prisoner, was infinitelr more humane than that he ex'perieccei at the hands of Lis own countrymen. verj pctftn tit, every statue, every thing, ip abort, that xnigU. eep alive a remembrance of tho has been inc ited, mutilated, and destroyed.

Kail Road to Oregon. Mr. Whitney's project lately submitted to the consideration of Congress for the construction of a road from Lake Michigan to the mouth of the Oregon river, deserves attentive This continent from east to west, from New York to the Pacific at the Oregon River, is about three thousand miles wide. Of this distance we have rendered nearly one third easily traversable by steamboat and locomotive ve might go eight hundred and forty miles from New York to the further shore of Lake Michigan, with facility and despatch. How is the remaining two thousand one hundred and sixty miles to be managed Mr.

Whitney's pro ject is an answer to this He proposes a railroad to be constructed from Lake Michigan to Lhe mouth of tlie Oregon. That euch a road Is a great desideratum, requires little proof. The distance from New York to China, I by sea around the Cape of Good Hope, is now about seventeen thousand miles, and the voyage there occupies from one hundred to one hundred and fifty days, from that to five months. The distance from New York to China, across this continent, is about nine thousand miles, of which three thousand traversable by railroad, would reduce the time to not much more than a month or six weeks. That such a road, if it ex'sted, would alone produce a revolution in trade, is very plain.

Can it exist Tiiis is the question which would stagger most people, but which Mr. Whitney is bold enough to grapple. He has recently returned from China, and in lhe east, men's minds turn to vast schemes. He supposes that the road can be built for about fifty millions of dollars, or about twenty-five thousand dollars per mile, and is perhaps not very wide of tlie mark. To this he adds incidental expenses in all about sixty five millions.

How is this amount of money to be raised 1 If we were England instead of tlie United States, the question would be nothing very startling. Twelve or fifteen millions s'erling would there be considered a mall advance for a project so vast in its design, so momentous in its objects. But, in our youn and comparatively poor country, the case very different. How shall it be done Mr. Whitney proposes that the government of the United Stairs shall give him a tract of miles width, from Lake Michigan to the mouth of the Ore gon, on condition Mat he makes the road, I lie road itself is to be free, or subject to only very light tolls, and the only benefit that Mr.

Whitney is to derive trom it will be the surplus of the lands leu after com pleting the road. Mr. hitney says "Beinj built from the public lands, the road should be free, except so far as sufficient for the necessary expenses of keeping it in operation, repairs, and your memorialist believes that, at a very low rate of tolls, a sum would be gained sufficient, after all current expenses, to make a handsome distribution for public education and as a part of tlie earnings of the road will be from foreign commerce, your memorialist begs respectfully to submit the subject to your wise consideration. "Your memorialist respectfully further represents to your honorable body, that, from the know led he can procure, he finds that the lands for a long distance east of the mountains are of little or no value for Cul ture; that through and for some distance beyond the mountains they would also be of very little if any value and therefore your memorialist is satisfied that it will require an entire tract of sixty miles in width from as near to Lake Michigan as the unappropriated lands commence to the Pacific Ocean. Therefore, in view of all the important considerations here set forth, your memorialist is induced to pray that your honorable body will grant to himself, his heirs and assigns, such tract of land, the proceeds of which to be strictly and faithfully applied to the building and completing tlie said road always with such checks and guarantees to your honorable body as shall secure a faithful performance of all tlie obligations and duties of your memorialist and that, after the faithful completion of this great Work, should any lands remain unsold, or any moneys due for lands, or any balance of moneys received for lands sold, and which have not been required for the building of this road, then all and I every of them shall belong to your memorialist, his heirs and assigns forever." We have not sufficiently considered this matter to pronounce dofinitely vu the merits uf tho trhmtm but that it is of great national interest, and that Mr.

Whitney deserves well of his country fur presenting it so clearly to our view, is to us very certain. The request seems a great one, but then as we understand it, Mr. W. desires no control whatever over the road when completed. He leaves it, when finished, a prodigious national work.

Then as to the grant of the land, sixty miles by three thousand, seems a "monstrous cantle" in lhe earth's surface, but a great portion of it is pure desert and another portion mountains. What the real value of such a tract would be, over and above the sixty-five millions of dollars which the road is to cost, we are altogether at a loss to say. About one thing there can be no doubt, that Congress should order at once the survey which Mr. Whitney solicits, from Lake Michigan to the mouth of tlie Oregon. While we are proceeding to lay out lands in tlie Oregon Territory, we may as well exhibit some prudence with our spirit, and take care of the means to protect our young empire.

We commend Mr. Whitney's plan to general consideration. It is tho idea of a bold and enterprising man, and pregnant, wo are satisfied, with great tilings. The following Message from the President of the Uuited States was communicated to the Senate, and referred to he Committee bn Foreign Relations, viz To ths Senate of ihe United Stales. In answer to the resolution of the Senate of the 11th December, 151 1, requesting the President to lay before the Senate, if in his judgment that may be done without prejudice to the public interest a copy of any instructions which may have been given by the Executive to the American Minister in England, on the subject of the title and occupation of the territory of Oregon, since the 4th day of March, 1341 also, a copy of any correspondence which may have passed between the Government and that of Great Britain, or between either of tlie two Governments and the Minister of the other, in relation to that subject since that time I have to say that, in my opinoh, as the negotiation is still pending, the information sought for caunot be communicated without prejudice to the public service, I deem it, however, to add, that considerable progress has been made, in the discussion, which has been carried on in a very amicable spirit between the two Governments, and that there is reason to hope that it may be terminated, and the negotiation be brought to a close, within a short period.

I have delayed answering the resolution, under the expectation expressed in my annual message, that the negotiation would have been terminated before the close of the present session of Congress, and that tlie information called for by tlie resolution of the Senate might be communicated. JOHN TYLER. Washington Fib. 19, 1343. For Oregon! are raising a company at Laurel, in this j.t a.

They count lor me purpose oi starting to uregon about the first oi" May next. Some eight or ten, we under- tand, have air-ady determined to go. Our mend, Joel Palmer, is taking an active part in the matter who. assures us thai he will certainly start at that time. There ia to be a Tutting at L.aurel on the 5fi day of April, to make the necessary arrangements for the trip.

Ail thoae in this neicuborhood wishing to join with them are requested to report their names, and also attend the meeting. at Laurel. Everyone will have to provide himself with a horse abd a rifie gun, and other necessaries for the journey, besides money to meet contingencies or death of a horse, an: also to assist in purchasing pack hor ses. It will take about lour months to go through, should they meet with no delays. It will be almost impossible to return the same season, a-s the must" subsist on the forage which they gather in the wood-, prairies and mountains and which cannot be obtained in the winter season.

It will doubtless be a pleasant trip to those who can break away from business, home and friends, forgetting all but the wild, the grand and ublima scenery which will be constantly opening before them. DrookvUle, (a.) American. Eoots. Willis savs that the ladies of Paris are in the common practice of smoking wtrars, and have introduced the nractice of wearin? Wellington boots" with hifrh heels. We had heard of the secars, but JVew States In lhe Northwest.

Albany Argus has a letter from Mr. Henry R. Schoolcraft (a gcutlemari familiar with the. regions of the north-west) which makes it very apparent that, if Texas should be annexed, and the contemplated num- .1 ti i ki uiAitra viviivu um ui 11, ujcru will uwjr ik iuiuiu it a counterbalance for an eoual number of btates which must necessarily grow up in the rich territories beyond the State of Missouri, and reaching round by the heed waters of the Mississippi to the great 1-ikes. We make an extract from the letter mAl3axt, February 19, 13 13.

E. CnoswTLL, Esq. "Sik: While tlie extension of the Union on the south-west is uT.der discussion, it may not be inappropriate "to ofTcr one or two suggestions arising from personal observation, on tlie territorial area, North and est. With a good map before us, (say Jf icholet's hydro, m. pub.

by U. S. Senate,) the area itself may be readily comprehended, with its relative altitudes, and the distribution cf Jakes and rivers. "By dropping a line on this map due south from the head of ship and steamboat navigation at Fond du Lac of Lake Superior, or the point to which this navigation will reach, at the moment the St. Mary's canal is completed, it will be found to cross the Missouri, at the city of Jefferson, the capital of the State.

It is well known that the western prairies and forest lands, in their utmost fertility, reach the banks of the left fork of the St. Louis river of the. FonJ du lac of Lake Superior. If a line be projected due west from this point to the Missouri, such a line will cross the Mississippi in latitude 49 degrees 30 minutes, and strike the former near its great bend, below the Yellowstone, crossing, in this distance, a region of mixed forcsls and prairies, of a highly fertile and sylvan character, watered by numerous streams, flaring north and sortii. Few portions of America afford a more inviting region for the expansion of our future population, and it is one eminently suited to free labor.

Indian corn, and all the cereal gramina, can be profitably eultiva-: ted. It abounds in pure waters, affording abundant water power, and has a pure and healthful atmosphere. No part of the West is better fitted for the construction of railroads and canals. And when tlie upper Missouri and Missippi valleys are filled with population, the products of their industry and the supplies of their commerce could, in no manner, find so ready a way to market, as though the channel of Superior and the great lakes. Two Siates, it may be estimated, will be organized on the right bank of the" Missouri, above the influx of tLe Kanzas, and between that point and the 49th parallel of latitude; and one on the Mississippi and lake Superior, north of the State of Iowa and tlie future State of Wisconsin.

These five States will, to a great extent, find their outlet to a market through Superior, or down the Mississippi from St. Anthony's falls. It is by views of this kind, it is conceived, that the value of that large and little known part of the public domain is to be realized, and our true duties to posterity and the republic fulfilled. At least, the propriety may be indicated of dividing it, for the purposes of future government, at an eirly period, and before local and sectional interests have been formed, and thus added to the already existing question of boundary before Congress." Oregon and Texas. During the late excitirig canvass, it is well known that no appeals called out so much of the fervor of the masses as upon these mighty and far reaching questions.

They were the clarion rotes of the victory. Every American heart could respond to these appeals. The very words seemed indissolubly linked with the future march of American empire. The magnificent domains of Texas and Oregon seemed naturally a part of our confederacy: When it was clear that they could be drawn within our Union fairly and honorably; the great masses of all parties were at heart; in favor bf those issues. The more these CubjecU have been examined, the stronger have they grown in the popular affection.

They are not tlie measures bf the hour, but of the age. They are dependent, not upon the caprices of partizanship, but time and reflection have rooted them so deep among the people, that one may as well ''dam up tlie waters of the Nile with bulrushes" as to oppose their final progress. The election was WJded in favor of a pledged to the annexation of Texas and the occupation of Oregon. The House of Representatives has promptly responded to this verdict. A law for the annexation of Texas has passed that body by a large majority, while the Oregon-occupation bill was carried through by a much larger majority.

These great questions are now before the Senate of th-3 United States. Will that body pass them 1 is nov: the eager question of all. We perceive that the whig papers are calling lustily upon tlie Senate to defeat these bills. Even the Oregon bill meets with tlieir most determined opposition. Their Senators are called upon by their party fealty to arrest this measure, which as they assume, will excite the deadliest hostility of England, and even our strong claims to a large portion of that Territory are ridiculed or denied.

Heretofore the whigs have pretended to oppose Texas on account of tlie alleged extension of slavery, but their opposition to Oregon, in which slavery is forever prohibited, is so manifestly at war with these pretensions, that the great masses of the people will believe that, either from a craven fear of England, or from hatred of a leading democratic measure, they oppose that which will be emphatically an extension "of the area of freedom." It was remarked with surprise that, during the debate in the Senate of tho United at the session of 1844, previous to the presidential election; the op position to the occupation of Oregon, on the part of the whigs, was as determined as to the anriexatidn of Texas. This shows that these two important measures go hand-in-hand and hang together. They passed the House together, and they will fall or pass the Senate together: We hate the hope that the whig Senate will not take the fearful responsibility of defeating these two great American measures. But if they decide otherwiseshould they reject Texas and Oregdri now, the final result will be the same. In spite of every opposition, Texas and Oregon will be incorporated within our Union.

Of this we have no more doubt than that Wisconsin will be admitted as a State. If Texas and Oregon do not pays the whig Senate before the 4th of March; at the next session they will be most assuredly brought within tlie rgis of our government and in the House of Representatives we shall soon hear of tlie member from Texas, and the member from Oregon. Albany Argusi Clay in 1810 and 1841. What a difference is there in the language of 31 r. Clay in these two periods of his history.

The.fol-lowing is an extract from his speech in 1310, in defence of the seizure and occupation of the line, by Mr. Madison "The gentleman conceives it ungenerous (said Mr. Clay on that occasion) that we should, at this moment, 'when Spain is encompassed on all sides by the immense power of her enemy, occupy West Florhla. Shall we sit passive spectators, and witness the interesting transactions of that country transactions which tend in the most imminent degree to jeopardise our rights, without attempting to interfere I Are you prepared to 6ee a foreign power seize what belongs to us I hate heard in the most credible manner that, about the period when the President took his measures i relation to that country, agents or a foreign power were intriguing with the eople there, to induce them to come under his dominion but whether this be the fact or no, it Cannot be doubted, that if you neglect the present auspicious MOMENT IF REJECT THE PROPOSED boon, toms other natumt PROFITING Br roua errors, will seize the occasion, to get a fatal footing on your southern frdntier." Tlace this noble outpouring of patriotism side by side with Mr. Clay's letters on Texas in 1S44, and we shall be unable to recognise the sliglrtest identity of laorruarre or feel in r.

Clay wis a democrat then, and had riot bowed to the cod of ambition and mammon. His lanuae then wouia appiy mosi iorcioiy 10 me position of this country and great Britain! at the present moment. The eye of the former on California actually intriguing for its cession, and by diplomacy and every species of trickery endeav orinir to prevent Texas from being annexed to the lat ter How strange it ia that the flaming patriots of 1810, who were alive to the honor and the rights end the safety of the Arrericait Government, should now, when we are as seriously threatened by the same wily foes, so completely become the confederates of those powers in the prosecution cf their mischiel tin The United Slates vs. Europe. If ws contrast oar system with that of the consti tutiooal Governments of Europe, we rhall perceiv0 that the people of this country are as fir from the dinger of bein influenced by official corruption a5 are the people of Europe from having any share in their Governments.

In England the number of in habitants is about 27,000, and the registered electors are D.KUU0, or about one in thirty. In France the inhabitants are and the electors 130,000, or about cne in 200,000. In the United States the inhabitants are 17,003,633, and the popular vote at the last Preiidential election 2,442,5.33, or one ia seven of tlie people. The expenditure fur the civil governmeut in Great Britain is about or $16 to each elector; in France, $'J3 or 5 lli to each elector in tho United States, or ftl 50 to each voter. In Francce, tlie Gov- government of the Citizen King is far more absolute and corrupt than that of the Empire.

There are at the disposal of the King and Ministers 500,000 salaried offices, which are divided among the 10,100 electors, their families and connections and the emolument arc so graduated that each' incumbent is not only in fear of immediate removal, but constantly stimulated in his loyalty by the hope of higher pay. Under such a system the popular election is a firce and when we are told that the nations of Europe are pursuing tlie protective policy for encouragement of home industry," and the conduct of France is pointed out as an instance, we must consider that tlie people hava nothing to do in the matter. The Government of France, the dynasty of a family, and tlie 500,000 dependents upon the throne can preserve their position and oppress the remaining people who. have no jice in the matter, only by swelling the number of officials. The protective system caables tlie King to maintain, in tlie frontier districts olHcials, at an expense of per annum, all of whom arc electors and are a sure "protection" against the introduction of liberal principles into the electoral colleges aud the chamber of the deputies.

Tiiesa people are supported by the protective system, and will they vote for destroying that system The people of France, as well as of the other Governments, are aware of the destructive ten-; dency of protection," but they have no voice in the matter. In England, where the popular voice is much more potent, every day brings forward some new approach towards freedom of intercourse. The United States on the other hand, are lending their support, not to the cause of freedom, but to that of tyrannical Government, through the influence of their example. The manufacturers of France, whom the government pretends to protect, pay annually upon the three articles of first necessity, coal, cotton, and iron, a tax of Si 20,0 For instance, tlie quantity of iron manufacjurcd in France, is 430,000 tons per annum, worth at per ton, The same quantity of better iron could be bought in England for $5,000,000 coal pays a duty of 13 per ton, and in consequence the manufactures of the West of France wood at a cost of more than double of that at which they could buy coal. They also pay a tax of per annum on cotton.

an offset for these oppressions a tax of 10 to $250 per ton is laid upon flax and cotton yarn. The balance of the "protection" account leaves to them a loss, but the system supports 31,000,000 officials at an expense of $3,532,00 a year. It is to countenance and support tli is system that the United States adopt the restrictive policy. If the French people complain, their rulers have only to point to the 44 model Republic as a proof that they enjoy liberty enough and with reason may they do so when the example is set them of 2,500,000 people going to the polls and imposing voluntarily upon themselves those fetters from which the people of Europe are burning to be free. The operation of popular intelligence, is, however, fast producing favorable results.

The free action of a people untrammelled by governmental restriction, cannot ultimately bo wrong. The great moral spectacle of people quietly casting their votes and revolutionizing a Government every four years, is a guarantee that the cause of popular freedom must ultimately triumph. Tariffs and Treaties. Under the above caption, tlie editor of the Journal Commerco of the 2d inst. makes the fallowing remarks: 'These two forms of law, by acting upon each other, sometimes produce very unexpected results.

We have a reciprocal treaty with Belgium, by which we agree that goods imported in Belgium ships from Belgium shall be admitted upon the lowest duty at which tlie same goods are admitted in American vessels. Besides this we have a Tariff, which admits coffee free when imported in American vessels from the place of growth, but imposes a duty upon it when imported from oilier countries. Under the Treaty, it will be remembered that Belgium claimed that Java coffee should be admitted to the United Statu in Belgian vessels from Belgian ports, free dt though in American vessels it pays a duty; This was a most surprising demand, and 'ct Mr. Secretary Bibb found that the DeigianS were rightaiid gave orders accord- 44 We bate a very strange result of a similar State of things in With England we have a i e- ciprocal treaty, as with Belgium. Recently the Abolitionists have brought about a modification of the British Tariff in regard to sugar and some other articles imported from certain countries, for the purpose of favoring tlie production of those articles by free labor.

Venezuela sugar was authorised to come in at Sis. per cwt. duty. One of the first things which greets John Bull, after the arrangement for free labor suar, is tlie arrival of twelve hundred hogsheads of slate sugar from New Orleans, claiming admbsidil under the treat y. It would seem that the claim has been admitted, arid that tlie sugar is in a fair way to pay tlie exporters, (a great house in New Orleans,) a ood profit.

This is an important matter to the su gar market; and to our Southern country generally for if John Bull will take our sugar on this plan, we Shall send it to him instead of cotton, and from the same plantations which now grow cotton. But he will perhaps alter his legislation so as to save Jamaica, though he cannot alter the Treaty and our Congress will do well to make coffee free under all circumstances, that our vessels may have a fair chance with those of Belgium. "Since writing the above, we have met with the following passage in the London 44 4It ii no longer concealed, that much of the late talk abouW slave-grown sugar is about to be thrown overboard by the Ministry, and that we are at last re ally to have cheap ilauikiiig in Ohio. The Bank Law, as it is called, has finally passed both Houses of the Ohio Legislature, and came to us in one of the last numbers of the Ohio Statesman, spreading over twelve long wide Columns. In the Senate on Monday afternoon, Mr.

Disney, agreeably to notice; asked leave to introduce a bill to repeal tlie act incorporating the Ciaie rann vi umw, and other banking companies; Mr. of Franklin called for the reading of the title of the bill and it was read and found to be a bill to repeal tlie act incorporating the State Bank of Ohio and other banking companies, Mr. Kelley of Franklin Opposed the giving oi leave and the question being on granting leave, tlie yeas and nays were demanded, and were, yeas 120; nays 5 (Xessrs. Hastings; Kelley ol irannun, usoorne, er-kins, Quinby and Speaker voting against giving leave. So leave was granted-Ktnd the bill was introduced and read the first time.

Mr. Kelley of Franklin then moved that the bill he rejected. Mr. Disney claimed that as leave was granted to bring in the bill, the question was out of The qyestion just decided is tlie same in substance as that which is now before the Seriate. Messrs.

Kelley of Franklin, Osborri, Perkins and others sustained the decision of the Chair, that, the motion was in order, and The nnes'ion bein taken thereon, th bill was re jected by a party vote yeas 10, 13, its first reading. Modern Appetite. "Mrs. Sprigs, wM you be hlrwd to a mall bit of the tnrkey ltes, my dear Mr. Wilkins, I wi'l," "What part would you prefer, rry dear Mrs.

Sprigs 1" "I will have a couple tha wimrs a counle of the legs some of the breast the side bone -some filling, and a few I frei verv unwell to-dsyl" Wilkins 1 fainted. A Great Invention. We have before alluded, says the Journal of Commerce, to a recent invention in England, which bids fair to revolutionize several branches of the arts connected with engraving and printing." A patent having been Bccured in that country, a description of the invention is given in the London Art-Union for February, which may be found below. We also insert the following letter on the same subject, for which we are indebted to Messrs. Wiley Futnam American Literart Agency, Waterloo place, Feb.

1, 1S45. Ayxmnc Pitintins. Intention. About five weeks since I had an opportunity of seeing a practical experiment in this new and extraordinary process but as the patentee's arrangements were not then completed, he d.d not wih to have the invention prematurely announced. The practical de.ails-or as much of them as are explained are given in the Art-Union for Febn ary.

The invention is even more wonderful and certainly more irn wrtant than that for reproducing line engravings, as described iu the January number of the same journal. It is sufficient to say here, that the writer having desired a opy to be made of a page Of a newspaper with three illustrations on wood, the inventor evgrartd the type, cuts and all, and gave him copies in less than ten min utes I the zinc plate thus engraved being capable of producing 120,000 impressions, and then of being re-engraved, ad infinitum. Thus an octavo volume, with wood or steel illustrations to any extent, may be re-produced in two oi three days or less and hundreds of thousands struck off, equal in ail respects to the original. The importance of this great discovery can scarcely be over-rated it is next to that of printing itself. Stereotyping will now be entirely suspended.

The new process is infinitely ebcaper, more simple, and more permanently effective. In original works, of course tlie types mut be first set up and the plates first engra red: ihn advantage would be in the cheap and endless multiplication oj copies: "But for reprints of foreign works the facility afforded will be immense. We shall soon see how these improvements fulfil the promise they hold out. Baltimore and Ohio Railwav. The Virginia Legislature have passed a granting to the Baltimore and Ohio Railway Company, the rigut of way through a portion of Virginia.

The law is, however, so restrictive in its charter, and is burthened by so many provisos, that it is considered extremely doubtful whether the Company will avail themselves of the grant. The bill fixes the Western terminus of the road at Wheeling, requires the Railroad Company to reduce the fare on tlie Washington branch of the Kailroad--gives them till the 10th of March, 1316, to determine whether they will confirm or reject tlie purchase cf the Winchester and Potomac Railroad fixes on as tlie amount of Virginia State Stock on which the Company is to pay interest and requires that the road should be completed to Wheeling in ten years from the passage of the bill. The Legislature of Pennsylvania, with more wisdom, is engaged in perfecting a bill offering most liberal terms to the Company to induce them" to carry the road through Pennsylvania. Should that body see fit to grant an Untrammelled right of vray from Cumberland to Pittsburg, it is not improbable that the liberal inducements thus offired wdl be accepted. Journal of Commerce.

07" There were seven fires" in Cincinnati On Wednesday night the 23tli inst. The first alarm given at half past six o'clock. It was in the attic of a building owned by Mr. Wiggins and formerly occupied in part by the Post Othce. But this was suppressed without much damage.

The second was the old Flouring Mill in Coving-tori, it was almost entirely consumed. The third was a brick dwelling on 5th Street the flames were sodn subdued. The fourth was a frame building, and entirely consumed. The fifth was a carpenter shop. The cither twd fires did not do much damage aS the flames were subdued without tlie aid of the engines.

Several accidents occurred. One of the firerJlert who went over to Covington ori the ferry-boat jumped from tlie boat tod soon and fell in the river and drowned. Another one bad his leg broken a third was run over by an engine. It is supposed that nearly all these fires were the work of incendiaries. Interesting to Widows.

In the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania a decision of importance has been made. The application was on the part of a widow, who had married again, to compel from the executor of her late husband the payment of an annuity of two hundred dollars, left her until her son should be of age, 44 provided however that she remained his widow until that time; otherwise the annuity to cease." The Court ordered the payment of the annuity, noU withstanding the re-marriage. It was held that a provision for the payment of an annuity so' long as the widow should continue unmarried would be good, the provision operating only as a limitation, upon the devise but in the case before the Court there was a limitation already provided, to wit, the coming cf age of the eon, and the other clause, directing the annuity to cease on the marriage of the widow, could be regarded only as a condition subsequent, and a restriction upon marriage, which the law disfavors as opposed to the first law of our nature and to the interests of society. The Smithsonian Bequest. There is a strong probability of the passage of a by Congress for the employment of the Smithsonian fund according to tlie design of the bequest.

The National Intelligencer of Saturday says that tlie friends of the measure in tdth Houses of Congress, and of both parties; are likely to unite on such modifications of the Senate bill as" afford a strong hope of the passage in case they are able to get it up; In order to avoid any objections which might arise from its interference with other important business before the House, it i in contemplation to propose an evening session for the special purpose of acting on this bill. The compromise measure which it? likely to unite a majority on this interesting subject, has been prepared by Mr. Owen, of Indiana. Phil. Public Lcager.

Change of Fortune. St. Geosge Randolph, the full nephew of John Randolph, of Roanoke, and who by the recent compromise of the claims under his will, comes in for two-fifths of was for a num ber of years, and perhaps now is, a Tesident cf Fayette county, Ky. He- married second wife id Lexington, or its neighborhood, and; was in very moderate if not needy circumstances. He always, however, bore the character of an honest and highly honorable man, and all Who know biiri will be gratified by this turn of fortune in his favor; He was a printer, and has worked at his trade iii many of the printing offices of Kentucky.

-Louis Vie Prof. Bushe's work on the resurree- 41iA4 tion, whether from the novel view of the author, that ti.o ronrrix-tmn uf the hodir id neither deducible from u. w. reason not inculcated by revelation, but that the true doctrine of the resurrection tne doctrine or tne development of a spiritual body at death from the bodies which we now inhabit from the ingenuity with which he advocates these startling positions, has excited much interest; The demand for the work rpfuWed necessarv the isce of another larire edition. which has just been published by Messrs.

Wiley 1'utnatn. Jour, oj torn. John FiTCii.This' extraordinary mari who was tlie first to apply steam to purposes of navigation, was confined on Prison Island, for soldo offence; While there he made himself a set of tools, with scarcely any mean's his command. His tools were an axe, hand-saw, chisel, iron wood-wedge, ahoemaker's hammer, fore-plane, auger, grindstone, Jack-knife blade, and some old hoop iron. With these tools he constructed nine wooden time-pieces, 300 pair of brass sleeve-buttons, 80 pair of silver ones, repaired watches 1 1 -1 At.

and engraved names. John riicn was one oi uie most ingenious and contriving men who ever lived. vaT Fltora Stuart anvJ Mans- field, MUUritesi have been sentenced to the House of Correction for ten days, under the cnarge oemg v.TdVmrls. rain? about and pre- tninT tn InrnrUm tA' the dcsitTOS OPDc'ltV and of the'end of the world, to tlie great injury vf weak minded persons. fj-Burke says finely, jealous love lights his torch at the hrc.

brand. oi me iurica, Ax Unsophisticated A correspondent gives the following laughable anecdote wirich he sayt occurred intftew York some time ago. A mechanid who had. a laige number apprentices, Lid occasion to leave lhe city fjr a few days. Before starting he calledjup one of bis most faithful -apprentices and-told him that during his absence' be must act as boss and do ercry thing just as he had always seen him while overseeing the establislmientin short, take his place in every thing while he ira gonti The boy Vgan to look raubet down.

What's the matter with you He began to ery. What Las got into you, I -ay 1 vipe up and tell me what you are crying for 4 Cause I vant to sleep vrilh the boys A good joke is told in the Xcw York Spirit of the Times, of a man named Johnson, a wag well known throughout the State. He once bet a fellow in Albany that he could throw him over the Hudson. The mad was foolish enough to take the bet, and the stake, $10, was placed in the holder's hends. A large crowd down to sec tlie perfofmance, and the Colonel with composure seized (he man by the nape of the neck and slack of his breeches and pitched biiri about six feet into the river otT the wharf.

The fren un came out puffing and blowing, saving "vou've lot yoar bet." 44 I'll be if I have," said Johnson, 44 1 only want to get the heft of you and I'll throw all day, but I'll get you over at Sas Slick's last. Judge Halliburton, the witty author of Sam Slick, was holding a Court the other day, and in the commencement of the proceed jigs, it became necessary to empanncl a jury. One worthy burgher upon being called, requested of the Court to excuse him, on the ground that he was afflicted with the itchi at the same time holding ut his Lands to tha judge and displaying the visible evidence of his'cuta- neous affliction, lhe judge, after closely inspecting the hands of the juror, directed the Clerk as follow: The Court decides that the juror's excuse is a valid one, and therefore directs that he be 4' s-c-f-a-t-c-h-e-d off." A tremendous roar of laughter signified the unanimous verdict of the audience that his honor wa guilty of a pun. 07There are many men who have a strong curioa-. ity to know wLat is said, who have little or no cuxir osity to know what is Columbian Institute of Wnbasil College The firt Exhibition of the Columbian Institute tf Wabksh College will be hdJ on Tuesday ereniin the Ut of ApiiL Exercl-e to commence t7 o'clock, P.

M. Tha citizens of Indianapolis are lesptctfnllr invited ta at'end. S. D. LOURT, Corresponding Secrttarf.

4 caxdi Hates. We re tequetted to announce Wilet L. BaIcs at a can dldate for tha office of Assessor in the Corpoiation of loci anapoli. 35-tf We ate requested to atnounce James G. Joao.i3, as a cau didate tor Cletk of the Common Council.

5 if LIST OF LETTEItS REMAINING in the Tost Office at Indianapolis, Indiana, March 1, 1S45. 1'crsoiis cnUing for Ihcsc Letter will please tajr The intend postagt on all letters foi fjiein coonttiel must be pre-paid, otherwise they cannot be forwarded. Josiab Kelle i man Andrew King Joeph Kent Margaret Kent Miss Mary Ann Knowltoo Jbn Kyle Mi Margaret Kely Chi lies II Lovett Lutsch John rr Edward Lister John LangsJale James Leu.h I Elizabeth La, ley Mrs Abigail LaduW Daniel Leatbe. man Yong Masy Abi.er II MirchtlU 2 Isaac Moiual James Miller James Maylin Richard Mttkens Samuel Munell Alexander Miller Eiastut Manfoid Jesse Morgan Nancy Mtiigin Richaid Moore Miss Isabel! Mafitt Thomas MorloW' MACS McFailin or Mr Love John McOeery James McGuLe McDowell Andrew McCreery Betsey McCarty 2 Francis McG othlio Hue Macneel Miss Mary Jane Ne laud Darid Wegley- Henry Ormiby Mrs II rhlllips ylaJ Pctly Alexandor Pugh Augustus Pn stla Jobu Pietca Aaron Packer David Putts Jesse Pi ice Willi- Betels A Robinsdu John Ready Mary Hosier Joseph Roberts Thomas Ruiik Draper Richardsoa Joseph Roll Samuel Richey John Robeitt A Rooker Silts Shoemaker Joseph Scvert George Smith Edwaid Asher Thomas AUi'on Daniel Bowser Rev Dr Walket Booth Hubert Biowa Boswell Jtsse Bridgei Bascura Thomas Burns Richard Brown John Blizzard John Bailey John Belcher George Bolsbey Henry Bientuu Henry Bolle Noah Joseph Brown Caroline Barrett Gerard Blue Samuel Beckwith Miss Tatey Urowd EliC Baker Abiaham Bo wren Sarah Brewer Benjamin Diddle Malen Blake fenjamiu Bloomer or Col A Johnson Valentine BuLch Wiley Bates Miss Caroline Buckbart Joseph Buchlcr John Bates Wm Ballengut Nero Biistow Elban A Browd John Buik George Cethard Miss Elizabeth Cllna Cofield Hannah Corwine Henry Christy Jacob Carton Thomas Collin! Mit Sarah Collins Mn Mary Caiyort Bosly Coi Mrs Mary Carter Polly Ann Comical Joseph Claik Thomas Catro Hiss Ann Ciarins John Clark Asher Cox Mrs Lucy Currey Mary Margaret Croat Wehhefied DoIIaihid Samuel Darnell Catherine Dubsoa David D.mnon Martin Dal Thomas Donning George Drum Mrs liannah Daria Matthias Dawson Jacob Smock William Smith Elizabeth Elht rtod Alouson Eldridea lames Smith Mrs Rebecca SmUtt John Swotd Aletander fslder Saiah A Smith Cornelius Sebern Josiah Stoae To Juif Sturgea adopted daughter Isaac Saudusky James Snow or Isaac Sao James Siring Nebemah Smith Charles hitz Mary Smaiti-ky 2 LuUa Smith William Shirts James Jobu Smith Miss France Smith Lemuel Sbelloa Thomas Smith Robeil Stewart. Moigan Smith Jesse ErauS Obid Foot Mis Ann Fearnlefr John Fore John Ferguson James Flrtcbet Allied Fiazee Charles Fenimtfn' Moore Gal way Mis Man ha Greece Andrew Gleaa James Grey John Giant Sarah Gill John Green Washington Grova John Glover John GUlcland Henry Goidrom Wm Greeson Samuel Griffin Abner Smitn Speaker House-tivet Miss Julia Hail Represents-.

2 Absalom Hanei Samuel Hall T- -James Thaip Napoleon Taylo Taylor Eliza Towuwn, Robert Taylex John I Teobmok Thomas Tilg or Martha Ward A Veach Mi AnD(1 Vickers. -Iianrcl Vanwinel Das-id Varner Joteiih VajL w- James Webb RobeitC Wilson Leonard Woollen, Aawa Wells Williami A Weeb Mrs Mary Ann Wright Benjamin Wx4. fi West -Catherine Wi'son, Heuir WtilH TkoavM V. it.head Andiew Wilson Miss Saiah Asia Wilson Charles Wylie William Wokott Gottleib Weib Leonard West Miebct! Whita Wiikason Gee Walker AMU EL HENDERSON, P. f.

William Hughe Hansing Chailes Huffman Miss Saiah Harris Mrs Mann Holmes Tolwer Harlin Mis Mary Hiner Mrs Eliza Hooker Amos HaibelJ Jno Hamilton Ede Harding George Howell Miss Rebecca -J Haitoa. Wilson Headers. John Handsoa John Hatfield; -Ann Porter Scott Elizabeth Humes George Howelt Isaac Hetisley John Holmes WilliartvJohnson. Aaron Jehm.oa Doct A Johoeonj Lewis Jones David Jones Samuel Jeci'jn CVj Jones Jo.hua Johnson Richard Kuls Htrman Kstrpiter Joel Kline Asher Kox i 3V the boots are a new adoption. 1 1 i.